Clinical application of endobronchial ultrasonography-guided transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy-a single center, large sample, real-world study

BACKGROUND

Endobronchial ultrasonography-guided transbronchial needle aspiration biopsy (EBUS-TBNA) has been used for more than 10 years in China. Its clinical application and diagnostic value in different diseases with large sample was lack of report.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was performed about the application and diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA in different disease of patients in Respiratory Intervention Center of Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health from January 2012 to July 2020.

RESULTS

A total 5758 patients were included with 182 patients excluded for lack of information. Finally, data of 5576 patients (3798 males and 1778 females) were analyzed. For anesthetize, most patients were undergoing general anesthesia of intravenous with spontaneous breathing (69.4%), followed by general anesthesia of intravenous and inhalation with tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (17.9%) and conscious sedation and analgesia (12.8%). Lymph nodes were the main sites of biopsy obtained (76.4%). Tumors accounted for the highest proportion of disease (66.4%), followed by infection diseases (9.9%), sarcoidosis (3.9%), lymphoma (1.1%), and others (18.7%). The sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA for diagnosis of tumor was 89.7%, and 40.8% for infection diseases. There were significant differences in the puncture site and proportions of diseases between male and females (both p < 0.05). Higher diagnostic value was found in male patients (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

EBUS-TBNA has good diagnostic value for different mediastinal and central pulmonary space-occupying lesions diseases, with highest sensitivity for tumors. Higher diagnostic value was found in male patients.

[Repression of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release from Lakeshore Sediment by Five Littoral-zone Plants]

The article researched the effect of Iris pseudacorus L.,Paspalum distichum L.,Leersia hexandra Swartz,Ludwigia peploides and Hydrocotyle vulgaris on the nitrogen and phosphorus repression in sandy soil from lower reaches of Yangtze River and clay from stored littoral zone. The result indicated that plants had a significant inhibitory effect on total phosphorus release from sediment, with concentration in overlaying water below 0.02 mg·L^-1 in Paspalum distichum L., Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Iris pseudacorus group, below 0.03 mg·L^-1 in Leersia hexandra Swartz, Ludwigia peploides group; with release rate below 0.1 d^-1 in Leersia hexandra Swartz and Ludwigia peploides group, below 0.05 d^-1 in Paspalum distichum L., Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Iris pseudacorus group. While the plants were proved to aggravate total nitrogen release by accumulating in sediment, with concentration in overlaying water below 0.4 mg·L^-1 in Paspalum distichum and Iris pseudacorus L. group; with release rate below 0.02 mg·L^-1. Root weight density, root length density, root surface area density were major factors, which increased the proportion of particles in sediment with diameter of below 50 μm, therefore decreased sediment resuspension against hydraulic disturbance; the root system also enriched total nitrogen in sediment and absorbed phosphorus from sediment. These five kinds of plants in terrestrial-aquatic transverse actually repressed nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment in two ways mentioned above, Paspalum distichum L. and Iris pseudacorus L. possessed the best effect due to their developed root system, followed by Leersia hexandra Swartz and Hydrocotyle vulgaris, and Ludwigia peploides had the least effect.