1
|
Zarei R, Huang G, Wu J. GraphTS: Graph-represented time series for subsequence anomaly detection. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290092. [PMID: 37585396 PMCID: PMC10431630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Automatic detection of subsequence anomalies (i.e., an abnormal waveform denoted by a sequence of data points) in time series is critical in a wide variety of domains. However, most existing methods for subsequence anomaly detection often require knowing the length and the total number of anomalies in time series. Some methods fail to capture recurrent subsequence anomalies due to using only local or neighborhood information for anomaly detection. To address these limitations, in this paper, we propose a novel graph-represented time series (GraphTS) method for discovering subsequence anomalies. In GraphTS, we provide a new concept of time series graph representation model, which represents both recurrent and rare patterns in a time series. Particularly, in GraphTS, we develop a new 2D time series visualization (2Dviz) method, which compacts all 1D time series patterns into a 2D spatial temporal space. The 2Dviz method transfers time series patterns into a higher-resolution plot for easier sequence anomaly recognition (or detecting subsequence anomalies). Then, a Graph is constructed based on the 2D spatial temporal space of time series to capture recurrent and rare subsequence patterns effectively. The represented Graph also can be used to discover single and recurrent subsequence anomalies with arbitrary lengths. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy and efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Zarei
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guangyan Huang
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Junfeng Wu
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tang X, Xie Z, Yu J, Chen K, Wu H, Hu S, Zarei R, Tang K. Enhancement of Portable Mass Spectrometer Sensitivity and Selectivity by a Qualitative Pre-Scan Waveform (QPSW). ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2093890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhijun Xie
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Southeast Digital Economic Development Institute, QuZhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiancheng Yu
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Kewei Chen
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huanming Wu
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shifu Hu
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Roozbeh Zarei
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Keqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tang D, Yu Z, He Y, Asghar W, Zheng YN, Li F, Shi C, Zarei R, Liu Y, Shang J, Liu X, Li RW. Strain-Insensitive Elastic Surface Electromyographic (sEMG) Electrode for Efficient Recognition of Exercise Intensities. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:mi11030239. [PMID: 32106451 PMCID: PMC7143104 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors are widely used in the fields of ergonomics, sports science, and medical research. However, current sEMG sensors cannot recognize the various exercise intensities efficiently because of the strain interference, low conductivity, and poor skin-conformability of their electrodes. Here, we present a highly conductive, strain-insensitive, and low electrode-skin impedance elastic sEMG electrode, which consists of a three-layered structure (polydimethylsiloxane/galinstan + polydimethylsiloxane/silver-coated nickel + polydimethylsiloxane). The bottom layer of the electrode consists of vertically conductive magnetic particle paths, which are insensitive to stretching strain, collect sEMG charge from human skin, and finally transfer it to processing circuits via an intermediate layer. Our skin-friendly electrode exhibits high conductivity (0.237 and 1.635 mΩ.cm resistivities in transverse and longitudinal directions, respectively), low electrode-skin impedance (47.23 kΩ at 150 Hz), excellent strain-insensitivity (10% change of electrode-skin impedance within the 0%-25% strain range), high fatigue resistance (>1500 cycles), and good conformability with skin. During various exercise intensities, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of our electrode increased by 22.53 dB, which is 206% and 330% more than that of traditional Ag/AgCl and copper electrode, respectively. The ability of our electrode to efficiently recognize various exercise intensities confirms its great application potential for the field of sports health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daxiu Tang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhe Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Waqas Asghar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Taxila 47050, Pakistan
| | - Ya-Nan Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fali Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Changcheng Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Roozbeh Zarei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Swinburne Data Science Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Yiwei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.L.); (R.-W.L.)
| | - Xiang Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.L.); (R.-W.L.)
| | - Run-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (Z.Y.); (Y.H.); (W.A.); (Y.-N.Z.); (F.L.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.L.); (R.-W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zarei R, Anvari P, Eslami Y, Fakhraie G, Mohammadi M, Jamali A, Afarideh M, Ghajar A, Heydarzade S, Esteghamati A, Moghimi S. Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness is reduced in metabolic syndrome. Diabet Med 2017; 34:1061-1066. [PMID: 28430372 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in people with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and healthy controls. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed from March 2014 to January 2016. All participants underwent anthropometric and serological biochemical measurements, ophthalmological examination, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Individuals with elevated intraocular pressure, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and other ocular disorders were excluded. T-test, Chi square and general linear models were used to analyse the data. RESULTS In total, 278 eyes from 139 participants were investigated [median (interquartile range) age: 37 (32-43) years]. RNFL thickness was lower in the nasal superior (107.8 ± 19.5μm) and temporal superior (135.7 ± 18.9μm) sectors in MetS group compared with the control group (114.6 ± 22.4 μm, P = 0.013 and 140.7 ± 18.2 μm, P = 0.027, respectively). After multiple adjustments for age, gender and the side of the examined [right (OD)/left (OS)] eye, MetS was independently associated with a lower RFNL thickness in the nasal superior (β = 0.20, P = 0.009) and temporal superior (β = 0.14, P = 0.048) sectors. RNFL thickness was significantly reduced in participants with higher numbers of metabolic abnormalities, independent of age, gender and the side of the examined eye (P = 0.043). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that MetS is independently associated with reduced RNFL thickness, suggesting that neurodegeneration is implicated in pathogenesis of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Zarei
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Anvari
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Y Eslami
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - G Fakhraie
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mohammadi
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Jamali
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - M Afarideh
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Ghajar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Heydarzade
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Esteghamati
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Moghimi
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zarei R, He J, Siuly S, Zhang Y. A PCA aided cross-covariance scheme for discriminative feature extraction from EEG signals. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2017; 146:47-57. [PMID: 28688489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Feature extraction of EEG signals plays a significant role in Brain-computer interface (BCI) as it can significantly affect the performance and the computational time of the system. The main aim of the current work is to introduce an innovative algorithm for acquiring reliable discriminating features from EEG signals to improve classification performances and to reduce the time complexity. METHODS This study develops a robust feature extraction method combining the principal component analysis (PCA) and the cross-covariance technique (CCOV) for the extraction of discriminatory information from the mental states based on EEG signals in BCI applications. We apply the correlation based variable selection method with the best first search on the extracted features to identify the best feature set for characterizing the distribution of mental state signals. To verify the robustness of the proposed feature extraction method, three machine learning techniques: multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLP), least square support vector machine (LS-SVM), and logistic regression (LR) are employed on the obtained features. The proposed methods are evaluated on two publicly available datasets. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of the proposed methods by comparing it with some recently reported algorithms. RESULTS The experimental results show that all three classifiers achieve high performance (above 99% overall classification accuracy) for the proposed feature set. Among these classifiers, the MLP and LS-SVM methods yield the best performance for the obtained feature. The average sensitivity, specificity and classification accuracy for these two classifiers are same, which are 99.32%, 100%, and 99.66%, respectively for the BCI competition dataset IVa and 100%, 100%, and 100%, for the BCI competition dataset IVb. The results also indicate the proposed methods outperform the most recently reported methods by at least 0.25% average accuracy improvement in dataset IVa. The execution time results show that the proposed method has less time complexity after feature selection. CONCLUSIONS The proposed feature extraction method is very effective for getting representatives information from mental states EEG signals in BCI applications and reducing the computational complexity of classifiers by reducing the number of extracted features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Zarei
- Centre for Applied Informatics, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jing He
- College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Siuly Siuly
- Centre for Applied Informatics, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- Centre for Applied Informatics, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|