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Mohamad SF, El Koussa R, Ghosh J, Blosser R, Gunawan A, Layer J, Zhang C, Karnik S, Davé U, Kacena MA, Srour EF. Osteomacs promote maintenance of murine hematopoiesis through megakaryocyte-induced upregulation of Embigin and CD166. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:486-500. [PMID: 38458190 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function in the niche is an orchestrated event. Osteomacs (OM) are key cellular components of the niche. Previously, we documented that osteoblasts, OM, and megakaryocytes interact to promote hematopoiesis. Here, we further characterize OM and identify megakaryocyte-induced mediators that augment the role of OM in the niche. Single-cell mRNA-seq, mass spectrometry, and CyTOF examination of megakaryocyte-stimulated OM suggested that upregulation of CD166 and Embigin on OM augment their hematopoiesis maintenance function. CD166 knockout OM or shRNA-Embigin knockdown OM confirmed that the loss of these molecules significantly reduced the ability of OM to augment the osteoblast-mediated hematopoietic-enhancing activity. Recombinant CD166 and Embigin partially substituted for OM function, characterizing both proteins as critical mediators of OM hematopoietic function. Our data identify Embigin and CD166 as OM-regulated critical components of HSC function in the niche and potential participants in various in vitro manipulations of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa F Mohamad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Roy El Koussa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joydeep Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rachel Blosser
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrea Gunawan
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Justin Layer
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sonali Karnik
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Utpal Davé
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Edward F Srour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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El Koussa R, Linder S, Quayson A, Banash S, MacNeal JJ, Shah P, Brenner M, Levine R, Zaidat OO, Bansal V. mG-FAST, a single pre-hospital stroke screen for evaluating large vessel and non-large vessel strokes. Front Neurol 2022; 13:912119. [PMID: 35989921 PMCID: PMC9381732 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.912119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSeveral stroke scales have been implemented to enhance early recognition of large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the field. These scales necessitate a tiered approach requiring emergency medical services (EMS) to utilize two scales, one for identifying stroke and another for differentiating LVO from non-LVO. Ideally, a single stroke scale should be utilized by EMS for triage.MethodsThis is a prospective analysis of 150 consecutive patients presenting with stroke symptoms from the field. The stroke scale modified Gaze-Face-Arm-Speech-Time (mG-FAST) was used to simultaneously identify stroke and detect LVO in the pre-hospital setting. Imaging was used to confirm the presence of a LVO and determine the sensitivity and specificity of mG-FAST. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). Youden's index was used to determine the optimal cutoff score. Inter-rater reliability was obtained by comparing the EMS and stroke provider mG-FAST scores. EMS dispatch-to-thrombectomy-capable stroke center (mothership, MS) arrival time and groin puncture time were compared before and after the implementation of mG-FAST.Results33/150 patients had a confirmed LVO by imaging. 32/33 patients had an mG-FAST score ≥3. The AUC of mG-FAST was 0.899. An mG-FAST cut-off point of ≥3 yielded a sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.55 for LVO. The accuracy of this cut-off point was 64%. The EMS dispatch-to-MS time and groin puncture time decreased by 22 and 40 min after implementation of mG-FAST, respectively. With admission to the MS, the EMS dispatch-to-MS time decreased by 174.7 min compared to admission to a drip-and-ship (DS) hospital.ConclusionsUtilizing a single stroke scale in the field improves EMS dispatch-to-MS time, EMS dispatch-to-groin puncture time, and EMS door-to-intervention time. Implementation of mG-FAST as a pre-hospital screening tool is an effective method of triaging patients to the MS or DS hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy El Koussa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mercy Health Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Roy El Koussa
| | - Sarah Linder
- Department of Interventional Neurology, Mercy Health Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, IL, United States
| | - Alicia Quayson
- Department of Interventional Neurology, Mercy Health Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, IL, United States
| | - Shawn Banash
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mercy Health Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, IL, United States
| | - James J. MacNeal
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mercy Health Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, IL, United States
| | - Parshva Shah
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois Rockford, Rockford, IL, United States
| | - Mariaelana Brenner
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois Rockford, Rockford, IL, United States
| | - Ross Levine
- Department of Neurology, Mercy Health Hospital and Trauma Center, Janesville, WI, United States
| | - Osama O. Zaidat
- Department of Neurology, Bon Secours Mercy Health St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Vibhav Bansal
- Department of Interventional Neurology, Mercy Health Javon Bea Hospital, Rockford, IL, United States
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El Koussa R, Graft J, Linder S, Bansal VK. Outcomes of Endovascular Stenting in Symptomatic Vertebral Artery Ostial Stenosis. Cureus 2022; 14:e21465. [PMID: 35223249 PMCID: PMC8858421 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebral artery ostial stenosis is implicated in one-fifth of all posterior circulation cerebrovascular accidents. However, uniform treatment guidelines and data on the different treatment modalities are still lacking. Endovascular stenting is an emerging therapy for symptomatic vertebral artery ostial stenosis when medical management fails. This manuscript will examine the safety and efficacy of endovascular revascularization with drug-eluting stents in a series of ten consecutive patients that had failed medical management. We also report the rate of complications and in-stent restenosis, as well as the rate of recurrent cerebrovascular accidents.
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Gill T, Brenner M, Borja JB, Linder S, Pamulapati S, Kilaru P, Bansal V, El Koussa R. Case of Cocaine Induced Coronary and Carotid Artery Dissection. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2022; 10:23247096221089496. [PMID: 35466739 PMCID: PMC9036379 DOI: 10.1177/23247096221089496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocaine use has been individually linked to both carotid and coronary artery dissections. However, their simultaneous occurrence has not been previously reported. A 30-year-old man who suffered an acute ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction secondary to acute carotid and coronary artery dissections, respectively, 16 hours after snorting cocaine. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case describing the simultaneous occurrence of carotid and coronary artery dissections resulting from cocaine use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Gill
- The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Rockford, USA
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Ghosh J, El Koussa R, Mohamad SF, Liu J, Kacena MA, Srour EF. Cellular components of the hematopoietic niche and their regulation of hematopoietic stem cell function. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 28:243-250. [PMID: 33966008 PMCID: PMC8169581 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Development and functions of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are regulated by multiple cellular components of the hematopoietic niche. Here we review the recent advances in studying the role of three such components -- osteoblasts, osteomacs, and megakaryocytes and how they interact with each other in the hematopoietic niche to regulate HSC. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances in transgenic mice models, scRNA-seq, transcriptome profile, proteomics, and live animal imaging have revealed the location of HSC within the bone and signaling molecules required for the maintenance of the niche. Interaction between megakaryocytes, osteoblasts and osteomacs enhances hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) function. Studies also revealed the niche as a dynamic entity that undergoes cellular and molecular changes in response to stress. Aging, which results in reduced HSC function, is associated with a decrease in endosteal niches and osteomacs as well as reduced HSC--megakaryocyte interactions. SUMMARY Novel approaches to study the cellular components of the niche and their interactions to regulate HSC development and functions provided key insights about molecules involved in the maintenance of the hematopoietic system. Furthermore, these studies began to build a more comprehensive model of cellular interactions and dynamics in the hematopoietic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeep Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Roy El Koussa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Safa F. Mohamad
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa A. Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Edward F. Srour
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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