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Huang DQ, Hoang JK, Kamal R, Tsai PC, Toyoda H, Yeh ML, Yasuda S, Leong J, Maeda M, Huang CF, Won Jun D, Ishigami M, Tanaka Y, Uojima H, Ogawa E, Abe H, Hsu YC, Tseng CH, Alsudaney M, Yang JD, Yoshimaru Y, Suzuki T, Liu JK, Landis C, Dai CY, Huang JF, Chuang WL, Schwartz M, Dan YY, Esquivel C, Bonham A, Yu ML, Nguyen MH. Antiviral Therapy Utilization and 10-Year Outcomes in Resected Hepatitis B Virus- and Hepatitis C Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:790-799. [PMID: 38175991 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There are limited data on antiviral treatment utilization and its impact on long-term outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatic resection. We aimed to determine the utilization and impact of antivirals in HBV- and HCV-related HCC. METHODS This cohort study included 1,906 participants (1,054 HBV-related HCC and 852 HCV-related HCC) from 12 international sites. All participants had HBV- or HCV-related HCC and underwent curative surgical resection. The primary outcome was the utilization of antiviral therapy, and the secondary outcome was long-term overall survival (OS). RESULTS The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) age was 62.1 (±11.3) years, 74% were male, and 84% were Asian. A total of 47% of the total cohort received antiviral therapy during a mean (±SD) follow-up of 5.0 (±4.3) years. The overall antiviral utilization for participants with HBV-related HCC was 57% and declined over time, from 65% before 2010, to 60% from 2010 to 2015, to 47% beyond 2015, P < .0001. The overall utilization of antivirals for HCV-related HCC was 35% and increased over time, from 24% before 2015 to 74% from 2015 and beyond, P < .0001. The 10-year OS was lower in untreated participants for both HBV (58% v 61%) and HCV participants (38% v 82%; both P < .0001). On multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for relevant confounders, antiviral therapy initiated before or within 6 months of HCC diagnosis was independently associated with lower mortality in both HBV- (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.60 [95% CI, 0.43 to 0.83]; P = .002) and HCV-related HCC (aHR, 0.18 [95% CI, 0.11 to 0.31]; P < .0001). CONCLUSION Antiviral therapy is associated with long-term survival in people with HBV- or HCV-related HCC who undergo curative resection but is severely underutilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Q Huang
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joseph K Hoang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Rubayet Kamal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
- Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Jennifer Leong
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Mt. Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Mayumi Maeda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruki Uojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara
| | - Eiichi Ogawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology of Hepatology, E-Da Cancer Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Tseng
- Division of Gastroenterology of Hepatology, E-Da Cancer Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Manaf Alsudaney
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ju Dong Yang
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yoko Yoshimaru
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Charles Landis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente, Seattle, WA
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Myron Schwartz
- Recanati-Miller Transplantation Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yock Young Dan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carlos Esquivel
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Andrew Bonham
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine and Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mindie H Nguyen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
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Kamal R, Gerrah R. Concentration of insufflated carbon dioxide during open cardiac surgery. JTCVS Tech 2023; 21:115-117. [PMID: 37854818 PMCID: PMC10580034 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rubayet Kamal
- Meharry Medical College, School of Medicine, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Rabin Gerrah
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif
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Odoh CK, Kamal R, Xue H, Lyu L, Arnone JT, Zhao ZK. Glucosylglycerol Extends Chronological Lifespan of the Budding Yeast via an Increased Osmolarity Response. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:42-49. [PMID: 37188237 PMCID: PMC10172420 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucosylglycerol (GG) is an osmolyte that protects cells from extreme conditions. It is produced by sucrose phosphorylase, an enzyme that uses sucrose and glycerol as substrate. GG protects tissue integrity in desert plants during harsh conditions and guards cyanobacteria against high salinity (halotolerant). However, no extensive research has been conducted on the lifespan application of this compound on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We designed this study to (1) characterize GG's effect on yeast chronological lifespan (CLS) and (2) to determine the mechanisms underlying its lifespan promotion on strain DBY746. The results obtained in our study confirm that GG causes increased longevity when administered at moderate doses (48 mM and 120 mM). In addition, we discovered that GG promotes yeast cell longevity by increasing the osmolarity of the culture medium. The maximum lifespan increased by approximately 15.38% and 34.6%, (i.e., 115.38 and 134.61) respectively, upon administration of GG at 48 mM and 120 mM concentrations. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying this positive response suggests that GG promotes CLS by activities that modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, as evident in its increased ROS generation (mitohormesis). An increase in medium osmolarity caused by GG supplementation triggers ROS production and promotes longevity in the yeast (S. cerevisiae). An in-depth study on the potential application of this molecule in aging research is crucial; this will aid in expounding the mechanisms of this geroprotector and its longevity supportive tendencies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-023-01055-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. K. Odoh
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - R. Kamal
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023 China
| | - H. Xue
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - L. Lyu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023 China
| | - J. T. Arnone
- Department of Biology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA
| | - Z. K. Zhao
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023 China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023 China
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Sharma D, Thapar D, Kamal R, Prasad H. Impact Of Sarcopenia on Survival in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Kamal R, Saif M. Down shifting luminescent Eu3+ doped Ba6Gd2W3O18 perovskite Nanosensor for Cu2+ ions in drinking water and food samples. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sharma D, Thapar D, Kamal R, Yadav H. PO-1295 Prognostic role of ALBI-T in locoregional advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (BCLC-C) undergoing SBRT. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gupta S, Yadav H, Sarin S, Gupta A, Sahansi R, Kamal R, Thaper D. PO-1298 Hematological & Biochemical Changes During And Post SBRT For Hcc : An Institutional Study. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ghubish Z, Kamal R, Mahmoud HR, Saif M, Hafez H, El-Kemary M. Novel fluorescent nano-sensor based on amino-functionalization of Eu 3+:SrSnO 3 for copper ion detection in food and real drink water samples. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18552-18564. [PMID: 35480928 PMCID: PMC9033474 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties and have been widely utilized for different sensing applications. Herein, the Eu3+:SrSnO3@APTS nanosensor was synthesized and its optical properties were analyzed using UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The TEM images of the synthesized nanophosphor Eu3+:SrSnO3@APTS exhibited peanut-like morphology, composed of two or more spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter ∼33 nm. Effects of environmental pH values and doping concentrations as well as amino functionalization on the structure of Eu3+:SrSnO3 were investigated. The as-synthesized optical nanosensor was used for determination of copper ions based on a fluorescence quenching approach. Red emission with a long lifetime was obtained in the case of the 0.06 mol Eu3+:SrSnO3@APTS sample. Under the optimal experimental conditions, a Stern-Volmer plot exhibited a good linearity for copper ions over the concentration (0.00-10.8) × 10-11 mol L-1 with a correlation efficient of 0.996 and a limit of detection 3.4 × 10-12 mol L-1. The fluorescent sensor was dynamically quenched via a coulombic interaction mechanism between the Eu3+ (5L6) and Cu2+. The Eu3+:SrSnO3@APTS nanosensor with the optimal Eu3+ dopant concentration of 0.06 mol was applied for copper determination in food and real drink water samples with high recovery values. We believe that the developed nanosensor probe can also be used for the detection of other toxic compounds, with high selectivity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ghubish
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, KafrelSheikh University Kafr ElSheikh 33516 Egypt
| | - R Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University Roxy Cairo 11711 Egypt
| | - Hala R Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University Roxy Cairo 11711 Egypt
| | - M Saif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University Roxy Cairo 11711 Egypt
| | - H Hafez
- Natural Resources Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City Egypt
| | - M El-Kemary
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, KafrelSheikh University Kafr ElSheikh 33516 Egypt
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Ghubish Z, Saif M, Hafez H, Mahmoud H, Kamal R, El-Kemary M. Novel red photoluminescence sensor based on Europium ion doped calcium hydroxy stannate CaSn(OH)6:Eu+3 for latent fingerprint detection. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Kamal R, Saif M. Barium tungstate doped with terbium ion green nanophosphor: Low temperature preparation, characterization and potential applications. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 229:117928. [PMID: 31884402 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Production of Nano-Terbium doped barium tungstate and its potential applications as a phosphor in forensic science and anti-counterfeiting ink applications have not been reported in the literature to now. Herein, simple, sensitive and bi-functional green Nanophosphor based on BaWO4: xTb3+ was prepared and characterized for latent prints and anti-counterfeiting ink applications. High crystalline tetragonal BaWO4 phase was obtained with nano-spherical morphology. BWO: xTb3+ Nanophosphors emits a strong and dual green and bluish green colors which appear to the human eye upon UVC and UVA excitation resources, respectively. The lifetime values were increased with rising Tb3+ ion concentrations from 0.01 to 0.07 mol. BWO: xTb3+ Nanophosphor has successfully visualized latent print from various forensic non-porous and porous surfaces. Moreover, BWO: xTb3+ Nanophosphor was used to develop luminescent ink for anti-counterfeiting application.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, 11711 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - M Saif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, 11711 Cairo, Egypt
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Hafez H, Kamal R. Photovoltaic and spectroscopic characteristics of perovskite/TiO 2 heterostructure photoanodes for improving the efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 222:117220. [PMID: 31226614 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite-type ternary oxide nanostructured materials have gained great attention in recent years as promising materials for solar cell applications. However these ternary oxides have failed to be applied as a working electrode in DSSCs due to its poor performance and its inability to bind dye molecules to the surface. A heterostructure perovskite/TiO2 photoactive electrodes is a new strategy to improve the photon-to-current efficiency (PCE) of DSSCs. In this paper, BaZrO3 (BZ), BaTiO3 (BT) and nanocomposite [1:1] molar% from BaTiO3-BaZrO3 perovskite nanostructured materials synthesized via sonochemical sol-gel methods, are coated on the top of the TiO2 photoactive electrode. This heterostructured (perovskite/TiO2) photoelectrode has been applied for improving the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The crystallographic, morphological and optical characteristics of the different prepared perovskite nanomaterials has been investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman and UV-Vis Diffuse reflectance spectroscopic analysis, respectively. Dye-sensitized solar cells based on the different heterostructure perovskite/TiO2 electrodes are assembled, and high conversion efficiency (η) are calculated from the current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics of the solar cells. The results show an efficiency enhancement with about ∼22%, 37% and 51% in case of BZ, BTZ and BT respectively. These enhancements is attributed to high refractive index of the perovskite nanoparticles, higher incident photon-to-current conversion yield which is due to greater fraction of light scattered, as well as the less recombination of the photogenerated electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hafez
- Nano-Photochemistry and its Environmental Applications Laboratory, Environmental Studies and Research Institute (ESRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City 23897, Menofia, Egypt.
| | - R Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt
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Singh A, Kamal R, Ahamed I, Wagh M, Bihari V, Sathian B, Kesavachandran CN. PAH exposure-associated lung cancer: an updated meta-analysis. Occup Med (Lond) 2019; 68:255-261. [PMID: 29579260 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqy049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been shown to be associated with lung cancer in various epidemiological studies in industries such as aluminium reduction/smelting, coal gasification, coke production, iron/steel foundries, coal/coke and related products and carbon/graphite electrodes production. Aims To update data on the association between PAH exposure and morbidity and mortality due to lung cancer among workers in different occupations, including smoking data. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted to retrieve relevant papers for meta-analysis. Cohort studies with standardized mortality ratios or standardized incidence ratios and calculated overall risk ratio with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were included in the analysis. Chi-square test for heterogeneity was used to evaluate the consistency of findings between the studies. Results A significant risk of lung cancer was observed among the coal/coke and related product industry 1.55 (95% CI 1.01-2.37) and the iron/steel foundry industry 1.52 (95% CI 1.05-2.20). There was a wide variation in smoking habits and PAHs exposure among studies. Conclusions Coal/coke industry and iron/steel industry workers showed a higher risk of lung cancer compared with other occupations exposed to PAHs. The confounding effects of smoking and individual exposure levels of PAH should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Singh
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Babu Banarasi Das University, BBD city, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Kamal
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - I Ahamed
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - M Wagh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - V Bihari
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - B Sathian
- Department of Biochemistry, Community Medicine Department, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Fulbari Pokhara, Kaski, Nepal
| | - C N Kesavachandran
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shahin NAM, El Mongy SA, Kamal R, El- Bially AB, A Shabaka A, Barakat F. Preparation and characterization of polyani-line/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite by laser irradiation. IJBAS 2017; 6:77. [DOI: 10.14419/ijbas.v6i4.7534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyaniline (PANI) - Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite were prepared using laser irradiation method. X-ray diffraction results showed that, (PANI/PVA) nanocomposite exhibited amorphous nature of polymer. The electronic transition will be studied using Ultraviolet-Visible spectrometer (UV-Vis). The real part of dielectric constant (έ) and imaginary part (ε") were studied. Also, the relaxation time was calculated.
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Grossman RL, Abel B, Angiuoli S, Barrett JC, Bassett D, Bramlett K, Blumenthal GM, Carlsson A, Cortese R, DiGiovanna J, Davis-Dusenbery B, Dittamore R, Eberhard DA, Febbo P, Fitzsimons M, Flamig Z, Godsey J, Goswami J, Gruen A, Ortuño F, Han J, Hayes D, Hicks J, Holloway D, Hovelson D, Johnson J, Juhl H, Kalamegham R, Kamal R, Kang Q, Kelloff GJ, Klozenbuecher M, Kolatkar A, Kuhn P, Langone K, Leary R, Loverso P, Manmathan H, Martin AM, Martini J, Miller D, Mitchell M, Morgan T, Mulpuri R, Nguyen T, Otto G, Pathak A, Peters E, Philip R, Posadas E, Reese D, Reese MG, Robinson D, Dei Rossi A, Sakul H, Schageman J, Singh S, Scher HI, Schmitt K, Silvestro A, Simmons J, Simmons T, Sislow J, Talasaz A, Tang P, Tewari M, Tomlins S, Toukhy H, Tseng HR, Tuck M, Tzou A, Vinson J, Wang Y, Wells W, Welsh A, Wilbanks J, Wolf J, Young L, Lee J, Leiman LC. Collaborating to Compete: Blood Profiling Atlas in Cancer (BloodPAC) Consortium. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 101:589-592. [PMID: 28187516 PMCID: PMC5525192 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The cancer community understands the value of blood profiling measurements in assessing and monitoring cancer. We describe an effort among academic, government, biotechnology, diagnostic, and pharmaceutical companies called the Blood Profiling Atlas in Cancer (BloodPAC) Project. BloodPAC will aggregate, make freely available, and harmonize for further analyses, raw datasets, relevant associated clinical data (e.g., clinical diagnosis, treatment history, and outcomes), and sample preparation and handling protocols to accelerate the development of blood profiling assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Grossman
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - B Abel
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - S Angiuoli
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - K Bramlett
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - G M Blumenthal
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, Maryland, USA
| | - A Carlsson
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - R Cortese
- Seven Bridges, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - R Dittamore
- Epic Research and Diagnostics, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - P Febbo
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - M Fitzsimons
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Z Flamig
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J Godsey
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Goswami
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - A Gruen
- Seven Bridges, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - F Ortuño
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J Han
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - D Hayes
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Hicks
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - D Holloway
- Seven Bridges, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D Hovelson
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Johnson
- AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Juhl
- Indivumed GmbH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Kalamegham
- Genentech, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - R Kamal
- Omicia, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Q Kang
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - G J Kelloff
- Office of the Director, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - A Kolatkar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - P Kuhn
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - K Langone
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - R Leary
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - P Loverso
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - H Manmathan
- Seven Bridges, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A-M Martin
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - D Miller
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M Mitchell
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - T Morgan
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - R Mulpuri
- Provista Diagnostics Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - T Nguyen
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - G Otto
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Pathak
- Center for Device and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, Maryland, USA
| | - E Peters
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - R Philip
- Center for Device and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, Maryland, USA
| | - E Posadas
- CytoLumina, Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA.,Cedar-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - D Reese
- Provista Diagnostics Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | | | - D Robinson
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Dei Rossi
- Genomic Health, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - H Sakul
- Pfizer, San Diego, California, USA
| | - J Schageman
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - S Singh
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H I Scher
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - K Schmitt
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Silvestro
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Simmons
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - T Simmons
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - J Sislow
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Talasaz
- Guardant Health, Inc., Redwood City, California, USA
| | - P Tang
- Center for Data Intensive Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M Tewari
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - S Tomlins
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - H Toukhy
- Guardant Health, Inc., Redwood City, California, USA
| | - H R Tseng
- CytoLumina, Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA.,Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - M Tuck
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - A Tzou
- Center for Device and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, Maryland, USA
| | - J Vinson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Epic Research and Diagnostics, San Diego, California, USA
| | - W Wells
- Open Commons Consortium, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Welsh
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Wilbanks
- Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - J Wolf
- Provista Diagnostics Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - L Young
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jsh Lee
- Office of the Director, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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15
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Kamal R, Pathak V, Kumari A, Natrajan M, Katoch K, Kar HK. Addition of Mycobacterium indicus pranii vaccine as an immunotherapeutic to standard chemotherapy in borderline leprosy: a double-blind study to assess clinical improvement (preliminary report). Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1388-1389. [PMID: 27518926 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Kamal
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - V Pathak
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - A Kumari
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - M Natrajan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - K Katoch
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - H K Kar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Dr Ram Manoher Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate cancer-targeting potential of a newly synthesised radiopharmaceutical, 99m Tc-resveratrol in vivo, using colon cancer model. Colon cancer was induced in 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats by subcutaneous administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), dissolved in 1 mM EDTA-normal saline, at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight twice a week for first 4 weeks and once a week for next 12 weeks. A control group containing normal rats was used for result comparison. Colon cancer in DMH-treated group was confirmed by gross analysis of the colon, by histopathological analysis and molecular marker study in tumour tissue. At the end of the treatment period, the animals from the two groups were used for bio-distribution evaluation of 99m Tc-resveratrol at different time intervals. High uptake of 99m Tc-resveratrol was recorded in rat liver, spleen and kidneys, and the ratio of colon tumour uptake to normal colon uptake in DMH-treated rats increased significantly (P ≤ 0.01) with time, to reach a maximum value at 2 h but decreased thereafter. High uptake at the tumour site as compared to normal colon tissue was observed; however, the uptake by cancer cells at the target site was limited by high reticulo-endothelial uptake and rapid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kamal
- Centre for Nuclear Medicine, University Institute of Emerging Areas in Science and Technology (UIEAST), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - D K Dhawan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - V D Chadha
- Centre for Nuclear Medicine, University Institute of Emerging Areas in Science and Technology (UIEAST), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Patel ML, Sachan R, Verma A, Kamal R, Gupta KK. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:125-30. [PMID: 27051137 PMCID: PMC4795428 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.157799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with early mortality, decreased quality of life and increased health care expenditures. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not urinary NGAL (uNGAL) level is associated with renal damage and kidney disease progression in patients with CKD and to evaluate the predictive value of uNGAL in progression of CKD. Totally, 91 cases of CKD stage II, III, IV, and 50 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled. The follow-up end-point was 18 months; end-point of the study was progression to an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <15 ml/min and/or CKD stage V. Forty-five cases (49.4%) were progressors and 46 were nonprogressors. uNGAL levels were significantly higher in CKD subjects as compared to healthy controls (log 1.09 ± 0.22 μg/ml in controls versus log 1.22 ± 2.08 μg/ml in stage II, log 3.34 ± 2.74 μg/ml in stage III and log 3.70 ± 0.18 μg/ml in stage IV). Univariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that only eGFR (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93–0.96; P < 0.001) and uNGAL (HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01–1.20; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with end-point of CKD stage V, but multiple Cox proportional regression model showed significant association of uNGAL (HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01–1.20; P < 0.001) and eGFR (HR: 0.962, 95% CI: 0.95–0.98; P < 0.001) with end-point of CKD stage V. This suggests that uNGAL would not be a simple surrogate index of baseline eGFR, but a marker of CKD progression beyond the information provided by eGFR estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Patel
- Department of Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Sachan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Verma
- Department of Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Kamal
- Department of Statistics, Indian Toxicology and Research Centre, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K K Gupta
- Department of Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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18
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Sahu S, Babu L, Karna D, Behera K, Kanungo S, Kamal R, Upadhyay D. Effect of prepartum concentrate supplementation on blood biochemical profiles of pregnant Ganjam goat. INDIAN J ANIM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.5958/0976-0555.2015.00153.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Kamal R, Natrajan M, Katoch K, Parvez M, Nag VK, Dayal R. Evaluation of the diagnostic value of immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization in the pediatric leprosy. Indian J Lepr 2013; 85:109-114. [PMID: 24724232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Leprosy is characterized by a long and variable incubation period and a chronic clinical course. Diagnosis of leprosy is essentially based on clinical features. Although the majority of cases can be diagnosed clinically yet alternative methods for diagnosis are required especially for early cases. Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization can be a valuable tool for diagnosis for early cases. The present study is aimed to assess the diagnostic value of immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization in cytological specimens and to compare these techniques with Z.N. staining. This prospective study was carried out in 26 patients below 18 years of age of leprosy. Clinical examination of each patient was done and categorized according to IAL. After taking consent, three skin smears was taken, one for Z.N. staining and remaining two for immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization respectively. Routine skin smear examination by Z.N. staining method confirmed the diagnosis in 4/26 (15.83%) and these belonged to BB, BL category. Immunocytochemistry showed positivity in 10/15 (66.6%) in BT and 72.7% in BB/BL leprosy. Immunocytochemistry improved the diagnosis by 53.85%, and the results were statistically significant (p < 0.01). In situ hybridization showed the positive results in 80% cases of BT leprosy and 90.9% cases of BB/BL leprosy. In situ hybridization improved the diagnosis by 70% in comparison to ZN staining and the results were statistically significant (p < 0.01). This study supports that immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization enhance the diagnosis of leprosy when compared to routine skin smears stained by Z.N staining. They are important diagnostictoolsfor definitive diagnosis in early as well as established cases of leprosy.
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20
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de Weert-van Oene GH, Schellekens AFA, Dijkstra BAG, Kamal R, de Jong CAJ. [Detoxification of patients with GHB dependence]. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2013; 55:885-890. [PMID: 24242149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new detoxification method for GHB dependence was developed recently in the Netherlands. The method involves the use of pharmaceutical GHB. AIM To describe the characteristics of GHB dependent inpatients, the course of the detoxification process and patients' progress in the three months following inpatient detoxification. METHOD 229 GHB dependent patients were monitored during and after inpatient detoxification. Records were kept of the psychiatric symptoms, withdrawal symptoms and relapses. RESULTS The average age of the patients was 29 years; 69% of the patients were male. They reported severe symptoms of co-occurring depression and anxiety. Detoxification was successful in 86% of the patients and, on a whole, the procedure ran smoothly, without complications. However, within three months following detoxification two-thirds of the patients had relapsed and were again taking GHB. CONCLUSION Pharmaceutical GHB can be used as an alternative to the benzodiazepine method for detoxifying patients with GHB dependence. However, the high relapse rates following detoxification are of great concern.
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Migahed MA, Farag AA, Elsaed SM, Kamal R, El-Bary HA. CORROSION INHIBITION OF STEEL PIPELINES IN OIL WELL FORMATION WATER BY A NEW FAMILY OF NONIONIC SURFACTANTS. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2012.662922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Kamal R, Natrajan M, Katoch K, Arora M. Clinical and histopathological evaluation of the effect of addition of immunotherapy with Mw vaccine to standard chemotherapy in borderline leprosy. Indian J Lepr 2012; 84:287-306. [PMID: 23720894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study reports detailed analysis of clinical parameters and clearance of granuloma in borderline leprosy patients treated with immunotherapy and chemotherapy. It aims to assess the additive effect of immunotherapy (Mwvaccine) with standard MDT on clinical status of untreated borderline leprosy cases and on granuloma fraction of untreated borderline leprosy cases. Patients attending the OPD were serially recruited in two groups. A total of 150 cases in one treatment (trial) group (Mw vaccine plus MDT) and 120 cases in another treatment (control) group (MDT only) of border line leprosy have been included. After the formal written consent, detailed clinical examination, charting, smear examination of all untreated borderline patients of both groups was done, biopsies were taken from the active lesions of all patients of both groups at start of therapy and every six month thereafter till the completion of therapy. The same procedure was repeated every six months during the follow-up period. Standard MDT was given to all the patients of both groups according to type of disease. Mw vaccine 0.1 ml (0.5 x 10(9) bacilli) was injected intra-dermally at the start of therapy and every six months in addition to chemotherapy to the treatment group. The BT cases were followed up after 6 doses of MDT and 2 doses of Mw vaccine, and, the BB, BL cases were followed up after 24 doses of MDT plus 5 doses of Mw vaccine. Clinically, greater and faster improvement was observed in all the clinical parameters, faster attainment of smear negativity and two episodes of lepra reaction occurred in cases treated with combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy, as compared to controls (chemotherapy alone) wherein clinical improvement was slower in all parameters, slower attainment of smear negativity in bacillary index and seven showed the occurrence of reactions, histipathologically in addition to more rapid clearance of granuloma in immunotherapy treated group, a significant finding was an increase in the epithelioid cells population in this group. This suggests a possible immunoactivation of the macrophages especially in BB/BL immunotherapy group. Overall comparison of regression induced by chemotherapy alone with that induced by combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy shows a greater reduction in clinical parameters as well as granuloma fraction in BT cases as well as in BB/BL cases. This trial shows the potential usefulness of this approach of addition of immunotherapy to standard chemotherapy in borderline leprosy cases which leads to in faster recovery from disease reduced chances of reactions and faster granuloma clearance. Such information is expected to be useful in improving the immunotherapeutic approaches for treatinggranulomatous conditions in general and in leprosy in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kamal
- National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Agra-282001, India.
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23
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Kamal R, Dahiya P, Palaskar S, Shetty VP. Comparative analysis of mast cell count in normal oral mucosa and oral pyogenic granuloma. J Clin Exp Dent 2011. [DOI: 10.4317/jced.3.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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24
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Kamal R, Natrajan M, Katoch K, Katoch VM. Evaluation of diagnostic role of in situ PCR on slit-skin smears in pediatric leprosy. Indian J Lepr 2010; 82:195-200. [PMID: 21434596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A large proportion of early cases of leprosy in children remain AFB negative in skin smears. Such cases required additional techniques to confirm the diagnosis. In situ PCR on slit- skin smears is minimally invasive and less cumbersome as compared to skin biopsies. This study was initiated in our institute with the objective to evaluate the diagnostic value of in situ PCR on slit- skin smears in pediatric leprosy. A total of 25 cases of leprosy below 16 years of age were included in the study. After detailed history and thorough clinical examination, informed consent was obtained from the parents of children for slit- skin smears from lesion sites for AFB staining and for in situ PCR technique. Cases were clinically categorized according to IAL classification into indeterminate (I), tuberculoid tuberculoid (TT), borderline tuberculoid (BT), borderline borderline (BB), borderline lepromatous (BL) and lepromatous (LL). Most of the patients (76%) were between 9-16 years of age and 64% of the cases had history of contact with leprosy patients within the family. Skin smears were positive for AFB in only 20% of the cases. On applying in situ PCR, it was observed that 62.5% cases of I/TT/BT/BB category and 88.8% of BL/LL category gave positive signals. Overall in situ PCR confirmed the diagnosis in 72% cases while by slit smears diagnosis was confirmed in only 20% of cases. Further, out of 20 skin smear negative cases, 13 were positive by in situ PCR. Specificity of the signals of in situ PCR was established by demonstrating the absence of signals in nonleprosy dermatological conditions of vitiligo and P.alba. This study supports the potential usefulness of in situ PCR on slit- skin smears of early pediatric leprosy cases. This strategy will be especially useful in cases where skin smears are negative and in those cases where skin biopsy can not be done either because of unusual locations of lesions or because of sensitive age of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kamal
- National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra-282 001, India
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25
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Mazen I, El-Ruby M, Kamal R, El-Nekhely I, El-Ghandour M, Tantawy S, El-Gammal M. Screening of genital anomalies in newborns and infants in two egyptian governorates. Horm Res Paediatr 2010; 73:438-42. [PMID: 20407231 DOI: 10.1159/000313588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND External genital anomalies are among the most common congenital anomalies. Proper early diagnosis and management of genital abnormalities are of great importance to minimize medical, psychological and social complications. AIM To detect the incidence of external genital anomalies and disorders of sex development (DSD) in Great Cairo and Qalyubiyah governorates. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 20,000 newborns and infants up to the age of 6 months coming for compulsory vaccination at primary health care units and centers in Great Cairo and Qalyubiyah governorates were examined in the years 2006-2007 for suspected genital anomalies. RESULTS There were 187 (93.5/10,000) cases with external genital anomalies among the screened 20,000 participants. Various abnormalities in the form of 46,XY DSD, undescended testis, hydrocele, hypospadias, micropenis, synechia of the labia and other genital anomalies were diagnosed and classified after thorough clinical examination, and hormonal, radiological, and laparoscopic investigations. CONCLUSION This first pilot study in Great Cairo and Qalyubiyah governorates showed a relatively high incidence of genital anomalies and DSD. Therefore, we recommend more studies including larger population sizes to detect the actual incidence of genital anomalies and DSD in Egypt in order to serve those patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mazen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
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26
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Salem DS, Kamal R, Said NH, Adel I, Talaat S, Adel L, Abdel Razek N, Helal M, Selim A. The Egyptian National Breast Screening Program: Priorities, challenges, and results of the pilot phase. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1523 Background: According to the World Health Organization,the number of breast cancercases in developing countries will increase dramatically by the year 2050. Egypt is likely to see an increase in this disease burden unless effective programs for early detection and control are implemented. Many women, especially those who are medically underserved, still do not understand the importance of regular mammograms, or how and where to get one. Methods: Four mobile mammography vans were launched in October 2007, to screen women over 45 years old in the underserved areas of Cairo. Each van was equipped with a full field digital mammography (FFDM) machine, dedicated computer system linked to the National Breast Screening Center via video SAT & ADSL, sphygmomanometer, blood glucose measuring kit, and spring scale and meter to measure weight and height. Based on positive findings, patients were directed to Cairo University Hospital to receive appropriate treatment. Mobile units continued to operate through October, 2008. Results: From October 2007 through October 2008, 11,414 women were screened for breast cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Two hundred forty four (2.13%) women were radiologically positive for cancer; of these, only 112 (45.9%) women agreed to be recalled for assessment; of these, 49.1% were confirmed to be true positive with BI-RADS 4,5 (61% cases were mass, with 27.9 % 1–2 cm in size; 16.4% cases were microcalcifications alone; multicentricity in 6.6 %; bilaterality in 2.5% of cases). 36.6% were false positive, and 14.2% are under further investigation. Conclusions: Although Cairo is the most developed city in Egypt, there is lack of breast cancer awareness, especially in the underserved areas. Breast cancer is now a priority for the Ministry of Health, with four more vans and 10 fixed FFDM units to be implemented during the next year. A 5-year plan has been established to cover all 29 Egyptian Governorates. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. S. Salem
- Women's Health Outreach Program, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R. Kamal
- Women's Health Outreach Program, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N. H. Said
- Women's Health Outreach Program, Cairo, Egypt
| | - I. Adel
- Women's Health Outreach Program, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S. Talaat
- Women's Health Outreach Program, Cairo, Egypt
| | - L. Adel
- Women's Health Outreach Program, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - M. Helal
- Women's Health Outreach Program, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A. Selim
- Women's Health Outreach Program, Cairo, Egypt
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27
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Arora M, Katoch K, Natrajan M, Kamal R, Yadav VS. Changing profile of disease in leprosy patients diagnosed in a tertiary care centre during years 1995-2000. Indian J Lepr 2008; 80:257-265. [PMID: 19432356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A hospital based retrospective study was carried out to determine change in the profile of disease in leprosy patients taking 1995 as baseline and compared with the profile seen in year 2000. A total of 2149 and 1703 cases were studied respectively of year 1995 and 2000. Male to female ratio slightly increased from 2.95:1 in year 1995 to 3.4:1 in year 2000. Majority of patients were of borderline type in both years. Proportion of cases with MB leprosy was nearly same in females (60.8%) and males (63.1%) in year 1995 and in year 2000 (64.8% females and 67.6% males). Proportion of highly bacillary cases has decreased over the years in females (from 20.95% in 1995 to 11.7% in year 2000, p=0.03) as well as in males (from 25% in 1995 to 15.5% in year 2000, p=0.001). Incidence of total reactions increased from 27.6% to 35.4% over the years which is significant (p<0.01). Proportion of type 1 reactions were more in reproductive age group in females in both years (p<0.05) and of type 2 reactions were significantly (p > or = 0.05) more in males in both years. Incidence of disability (both grade 1 and grade 2) was significantly more in males than in females in both years (p > or = 0.04). Grade 1 disability has significantly increased over years in females from 10.11% to 14.8%(p<0.03) as well as in males from 13.27% to 21.3%(p<0.001). Onset of reactions was associated with pregnancy/lactation in 62% of cases and with menopause in 21% of cases in 2000, which suggests strong correlation with hormonal imbalance. To conclude while leprosy incidence has declined after MDT, recognition and management of reactions in women around changes in their hormonal levels should be properly monitored for early and effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arora
- Medical Unit-I, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt of India, Dr M Miyazaki Marg, Tajganj, Agra-282001, India
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El-Sherif HE, Kamal R, Moawyah O. Hand osteoarthritis and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women; clinical relevance to hand function, pain and disability. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008; 16:12-7. [PMID: 17656115 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/14/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess phalangeal bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal females with hand osteoarthritis (OA) and to correlate the measured levels with the radiographic OA grade, pain, function and disability of the hand. METHODS The study group constituted 40 postmenopausal women with hand OA (range; 45-83 years). Socio-demographic data were collected. They underwent a comprehensive clinical examination of joint status and health outcome measure including Australian Canadian (AUSCAN) OA hand index. Hand radiographs were quantified and graded according to Kellgren and Lawrence (K-L) scoring system. Bone mineral content (BMC) and BMD of the third finger were measured using the accuDEXA (Schick, New York, NY). Twenty females matched for age and years of menopause were studied as a control group. RESULTS Phalangeal BMC and BMD were significantly reduced in women with hand OA compared to controls and related to radiological erosive OA. The AUSCAN pain and function subscales were worse in proportion to the severity of hand OA. OA X-ray score was significantly associated with reduced right grip strength, pain, and function scales while, decreased BMD was related to Ritchie index and pain scale. CONCLUSION Postmenopausal women with clinical and radiological hand erosive OA are at risk of development of hand osteoporosis (OP). Phalangeal bone densitometry is an objective reproducible investigation. Poor physical function due to increased pain associated with increasing severity of radiographic hand OA leads to worse BMD results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E El-Sherif
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr El-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Samad K, Afshan G, Kamal R. Effect of acupressure on postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J PAK MED ASSOC 2003; 53:68-72. [PMID: 12705488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of acupressure applied at meridian P6 point for prevention of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODOLOGY A randomized double blind study was performed in 50 ASA I and II patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were divided into two groups; control and placebo. In the control group acupressure was applied at P6 point half an hour before surgery while in the placebo group the acupressure band was tied on meridian P6 point but the plastic bead was placed on the dosum of right forearm away from meridian P6 point. Patients were assessed for nausea and vomiting for six hours after surgery. Anaesthetic technique and postoperative analgesia were standardized for all patients. RESULTS Results showed that the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 36% in the treatment group and 40% in placebo group, which is statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION Application of acupressure at P6 point half an hour before induction of anaesthesia does not significantly alter the incidence of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting within 6 hours after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Samad
- Department of Anaesthesia, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi
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Jaiswal AK, Chandra PS, Kamal R, Sharma MC, Mahapatra AK. Cerebellar medulloblastoma in a 65 year old Indian male. Neurol India 2000; 48:178-9. [PMID: 10878786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
A case of cerebellar medulloblastoma in a 65 year old male is reported. Cerebellar medulloblastoma is classically seen during childhood, and less than 25% of these tumours are found in adults below 40 years of age. Rarely, cases are reported above the age of 40 years. So far only three cases have been reported in patients aged above 64 years and none of these case reports are from India.
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Abstract
Craniopharyngioma fluid spillage during surgery is reported to cause aseptic meningitis, but effects of the spillage on vessels have not yet been studied. Therefore we experimentally studied the effect of external contact on femoral vessels of the rat to assess its possible role in the cerebral vascular complications. The major direct effect of the craniopharyngioma fluid on the femoral vessels was vasospasm, appearing on the fourth day after instillation. The vasospasm was observed in 83% of femoral vessels studied between 4-15 days and one of the vessels showed intra-luminal thrombus. The difference in the vessel diameter after instillation (4-15 days) was compared with the controls and was statistically significant (p < 0.01). These findings correspond well with the observed deterioration on post-operative days 5-7, due to vascular complications. No histopathologic (light-microscopic) changes of inflammation or necrosis were found in the femoral vessels. Our study shows that contact of craniopharyngioma fluid to arteries leads to vasospasm, and spillage during surgical excision may contribute to vascular complications encountered in the post-operative period. Prevention of spillage of this fluid and the routine use of cerebral vasodilators to prevent ischemic complications after craniopharyngioma surgery needs further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kamal
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Spinal dysraphism (SD) is characterized by maldevelopment of neural tube, notochord, mesoderm and cutaneous ectoderm. Incidence of SD is 2-4/1000 live births. One hundred and nineteen patients operated from January 1991-June 1996 at Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, were studied. Only 21 patients (17.6%) presented when they were less than one year old and 17 patients came in adult age group (> 16 years). Lumbar and lumbosacral region was the commonly involved site in 81 patients (74.7%). Weakness of lower limbs (74%), difficulty in walking (54%), muscle atrophy (41.2%) were the commonest indicators of motor system involvement. Loss of sensation, trophic ulcer, backache were seen in 45, 14, 10 patients respectively. Cutaneous lipoma (26%), hypertrichiosis (20%), dermal sinus (13.4%), midline dimples (7%) were the important cutaneous markers. Foot and limb deformity was seen in 25% cases. Tethering of cord, syringomyelia & split cord malformation were the most common radiological findings. Only 10% of our patients had hydrocephalus that required shunt. Out on 119 cases operated, 43 improved, Twenty had sensory improvement and 18 showed motor improvement. Fifteen patients regained continence. Twelve patients were lost to follow-up. Sixty-seven patients had no change in neurological status, post-operatively. Six cases deteriorated in terms of motor or sensory deficit and one patient lost continence. CSF leak (8%) and wound infection (6%) were the common complications. Six patients required second surgery as T.P. Shunt (4), rotation flap (1), reexploration and duraplasty (1).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jindal
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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Abstract
A case of lumbar split cord malformation (SCM) with a bony spur situated dorsally is presented. This was associated with a hypertrophied posterior arch. The ventral dura was totally intact, and there was no fibrous septum connecting the bony arch to the dura. To our knowledge, such a case has not been reported earlier. In view of this unique finding, we propose a slight modification in Pang's unified theory of embryogenesis in the development of SCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Chandra
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
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Kamal R, Sood BR, Sidhu KS. Electric-field-gradient-tensor study in YBa2Cu3O7- delta high-Tc superconductors. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1988; 37:5928-5931. [PMID: 9943812 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.5928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Boctor FN, Stek MJ, Peter JB, Kamal R. Simplification and standardization of dot-ELISA for human schistosomiasis mansoni. J Parasitol 1987; 73:589-92. [PMID: 3110394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dot-ELISA, a technique that shares the same principles as the enzyme immunoassay, is useful for detection of anti-Schistosoma mansoni antibodies in the sera of patients with Schistosoma mansoni infections. The antigens were fixed to the nitrocellulose strips, blocked with 1% bovine serum albumin in 0.05% Tween 20. Patient sera (40) and normal laboratory personnel sera (9) were applied to the sheet directly, without cutting the strips into small discs. The nitrocellulose sheets are kept in a humid chamber for 30 min and then washed. After incubation with peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human antibody, washing, and addition of substrate, positive reactions appear as brown dots against the white background. The room temperature assay takes about 2 hr. The optimum antigen concentration is 20-80 ng per dot and the optimum serum dilution is 1:100-1:400. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay are 90-95% and 90%, respectively. The level of positivity of the dot-ELISA by an arbitrary scale compares with standard micro-ELISA. The single positive reaction in a normal serum sample in dot-ELISA is also positive in micro-ELISA. Cross-reactivity between the S. mansoni antigen and human fascioliasis sera was noticed in 2 out of 8 patient sera. Good correlation between the arbitrary level of dot-ELISA and the absorbance of standardized micro-ELISA shows that the dot-ELISA is useful both for laboratory and field studies.
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Kamal R, Mangla M. Rotenoids from indigofera tinctoria and their bio-efficacy against cyclops, the carrier of dracunculiasis. Pharmazie 1987; 42:356. [PMID: 2959968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Kamal
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur
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Rani M, Kamal R. Interpretation of Mössbauer effect measurements near the spin-reorientation temperature and the electric field gradient tensor of Nd2Fe14B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-5088(86)90083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Heinrich HC, Kamal R, Leberecht P. Ultrasensitive latex-agglutination-test for the specific immunochemical detection and quantification of faecal occult blood loss. Klin Wochenschr 1983; 61:765-7. [PMID: 6620944 DOI: 10.1007/bf01497404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Latex agglutination was used for the development of a simple and fast immunochemical faecal occult blood test which is ultrasensitive and specific for human haemoglobin. "In vitro" detection limits of 0.0002 and 0.003 ml blood/100 g stool homogenate were obtained for the tube and filter versions of the latex-agglutination test. The quantification of the blood content in stool homogenates is possible by diluting the haemoglobin containing faecal extract until no more agglutination occurs. Considering the nonuniform distribution of blood in faeces "in vivo" sensitivities of greater than 0.002 and greater than 0.03 ml blood loss/day respectively can be expected for the tube and filter versions of the latex agglutination test. This test is about 10,000 times more sensitive than the unspecific chemical guaiac type occult blood tests and at least 1,000 times more sensitive than other immunochemical occult blood tests which use immunofluorescence, radial immunodiffusion or an enzyme immunoassay. Nuclear medical reference methods like 51Cr faecal excretion or 59Fe whole body retention cannot be used for the calibration of the ultrasensitive latex agglutination test since they are not specific for blood losses below 3 (51Cr) and 5 (59Fe) ml/day.
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Sharma GL, Kamal R. Sapogenins from Trigonella polycerata. Planta Med 1981; 41:203-4. [PMID: 17401843 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-971703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G L Sharma
- Agricultural Research Station, Durgapura, Jaipur, India
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