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Besler BA, Schadow JE, Durongbhan P, Steiner TH, Choo RJ, Zulliger MA, Wilke M, Atal K, Firminger C, Quintin A, Koller B, Müller R, Nesic D, Stok KS. Quantitative measures of bone shape, cartilage morphometry and joint alignment are associated with disease in an ACLT and MMx rat model of osteoarthritis. Bone 2021; 146:115903. [PMID: 33652170 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multi-scale, subject-specific quantitative methods to characterize and monitor osteoarthritis in animal models and therapeutic treatments could help reveal causal relationships in disease development and distinguish treatment strategies. In this work, we demonstrate a reproducible and sensitive quantitative image analysis to characterize bone, cartilage and joint measures describing a rat model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Eleven 3-month-old male Wistar rats underwent medial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection and medial meniscectomy on the right knee to destabilise the right tibiofemoral joint. They were sacrificed 6 weeks post-surgery and a silicon-based micro-bead contrast agent was injected in the joint space, before scanning with micro-computed tomography (microCT). Subsequently, 3D quantitative morphometric analysis (QMA), previously developed for rabbit joints, was performed. This included cartilage, subchondral cortical and epiphyseal bone measures, as well as novel tibiofemoral joint metrics. Semi-quantitative evaluation was performed on matching two-dimensional (2D) histology and microCT images. Reproducibility of the QMA was tested on eleven age-matched additional joints. The results indicate the QMA method is accurate and reproducible and that microCT-derived cartilage measurements are valid for the analysis of rat joints. The pathologic changes caused by transection of the ACL and medial meniscectomy were reflected in measurements of bone shape, cartilage morphology, and joint alignment. Furthermore, we were able to identify model-specific predictive parameters based on morphometric parameters measured with the QMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce A Besler
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Jemima E Schadow
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Pholpat Durongbhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | | | - Ryan J Choo
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Kailash Atal
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Colin Firminger
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Aurelie Quintin
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Dobrila Nesic
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Kathryn S Stok
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; SCANCO Medical AG, Brüttisellen, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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Choo RJ, Firminger C, Müller R, Stok KS. Prevention of cartilage dehydration in imaging studies with a customized humidity chamber. Rev Sci Instrum 2013; 84:093703. [PMID: 24089832 DOI: 10.1063/1.4820913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative three-dimensional imaging methods such as micro-computed tomography (μCT) allow for the rapid and comprehensive evaluation of cartilage and bone in animal models, which can be used for drug development and related research in arthritis. However, when imaging fresh cartilage tissue in air, a common problem is tissue dehydration which causes movement artifact in the resulting images. These artifacts distort scans and can render them unusable, leading to a considerable loss of time and effort with sample preparation and measurement. The sample itself is also irretrievably damaged by the dehydration, often unable to return to its full tissue thickness upon rehydration. Additionally, imaging with ionic contrast agents such as Hexabrix(TM) must be performed in air, otherwise the agent will be washed out if immersed in a liquid. The first goal of this study was to design a customized humidity chamber to maintain cartilage hydration without the need for immersion. Following this, the use of the humidity chamber during a synchrotron radiation-μCT scan was validated and its performance evaluated. Results showed that the loss of fluid film volume is associated with scanning at low humidity (87%), and can be avoided using the humidity chamber. Coupling this technology with advances in synchrotron imaging (e.g., phase contrast imaging) or contrast agents is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Choo
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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Rikhtegar F, Pacheco F, Wyss C, Stok KS, Ge H, Choo RJ, Ferrari A, Poulikakos D, Müller R, Kurtcuoglu V. Compound ex vivo and in silico method for hemodynamic analysis of stented arteries. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58147. [PMID: 23516442 PMCID: PMC3596389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamic factors such as low wall shear stress have been shown to influence endothelial healing and atherogenesis in stent-free vessels. However, in stented vessels, a reliable quantitative analysis of such relations has not been possible due to the lack of a suitable method for the accurate acquisition of blood flow. The objective of this work was to develop a method for the precise reconstruction of hemodynamics and quantification of wall shear stress in stented vessels. We have developed such a method that can be applied to vessels stented in or ex vivo and processed ex vivo. Here we stented the coronary arteries of ex vivo porcine hearts, performed vascular corrosion casting, acquired the vessel geometry using micro-computed tomography and reconstructed blood flow and shear stress using computational fluid dynamics. The method yields accurate local flow information through anatomic fidelity, capturing in detail the stent geometry, arterial tissue prolapse, radial and axial arterial deformation as well as strut malapposition. This novel compound method may serve as a unique tool for spatially resolved analysis of the relationship between hemodynamic factors and vascular biology. It can further be employed to optimize stent design and stenting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Rikhtegar
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Pacheco
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Wyss
- Clinic of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kathryn S. Stok
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heng Ge
- Clinic of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ryan J. Choo
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Ferrari
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vartan Kurtcuoglu
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- The Interface Group, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Steiner TH, Choo RJ, Quintin A, Nesic D, Zulliger MA, Müller R, Stok KS. WHOLE JOINT STRUCTURE IN A RAT OSTEOARTHRITIS MODEL FOR SAMPLE-SPECIFIC MECHANICAL EVALUATION. J Biomech 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(12)70161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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