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Dar SA, Singh SK, Wan HY, Cushman SA, Bashir T, Sathyakumar S. Future land use and climate change escalate connectivity loss for Himalayan brown bears. Anim Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Dar
- Wildlife Institute of India Dehradun India
| | - S. K. Singh
- Amity Institute of Forestry and Wildlife Amity University Noida India
| | - H. Y. Wan
- Department of Wildlife California State Polytechnic University Humboldt Arcata CA USA
| | - S. A. Cushman
- USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Flagstaff AZ USA
| | - T. Bashir
- Wildlife Biology Lab, Centre of Research for Development University of Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir India
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Das S, Gupta C, Jain C, Rai G, Alqumber MAA, Singh PK, Sharma R, Tyagi A, Salhotra R, Narang S, Singh NP, Dar SA. Utility of serum Galactomannan in diagnosing COVID-19 patients with suspected IPA: an observational study in resource limited settings. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:710-714. [PMID: 35113446 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202201_27897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the utility of Galactomannan (GM) antigen as a screening marker for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The serum samples from patients with severe COVID-19 diseases admitted to the Critical Care Unit were collected on the 5th day of admission for GM screening. The samples were analysed by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and GM index of more than 1 was considered as positive. All GM positive patients were serially followed until discharge or death. RESULTS The GM was raised in serum of 12 out of 38 patients, indicating an incidence of possible COVID-19 associated IPA (CAPA) in 31.57% of patients. The median age of these CAPA patients was 56.5 years, males were significantly more affected than females. The inflammatory marker serum ferritin was raised in all 12 patients (median value of 713.74 ng/ml), while IL-6 was raised in 9 patients (median value of 54.13 ng/ml). None of these patients received antifungals. Their median length of hospital stay was 20 days (IQR: 12, 34 days). All these patients succumbed to the illness. CONCLUSIONS The serum GM appears to be sensitive diagnostic tool to identify early IPA in COVID-19 patients and pre-emptive antifungal therapy could play a role in salvaging these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Das
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
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Dar SA, Singh SK, Wan HY, Kumar V, Cushman SA, Sathyakumar S. Projected climate change threatens Himalayan brown bear habitat more than human land use. Anim Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Dar
- Wildlife Institute of India Dehradun India
| | | | - H. Y. Wan
- Department of Wildlife Humboldt State University Arcata CA USA
| | - V. Kumar
- Wildlife Institute of India Dehradun India
| | - S. A. Cushman
- USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Flagstaff AZ USA
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Akhter N, Ahmad S, Alzahrani FA, Dar SA, Wahid M, Haque S, Bhatia K, Sr Almalki S, Alharbi RA, Sindi AAA. Impact of COVID-19 on the cerebrovascular system and the prevention of RBC lysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:10267-10278. [PMID: 33090438 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202010_23251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) uses Angiotensin- converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors to infect host cells which may lead to coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Given the presence of ACE2 receptors in the brain and the critical role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in brain functions, special attention to brain microcirculation and neuronal inflammation is warranted during COVID-19 treatment. Neurological complications reported among COVID-19 patients range from mild dizziness, headache, hypogeusia, hyposmia to severe like encephalopathy, stroke, Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), CNS demyelination, infarcts, microhemorrhages and nerve root enhancement. The pathophysiology of these complications is likely via direct viral infection of the CNS and PNS tissue or through indirect effects including post- viral autoimmune response, neurological consequences of sepsis, hyperpyrexia, hypoxia and hypercoagulability among critically ill COVID-19 patients. Further, decreased deformability of red blood cells (RBC) may be contributing to inflammatory conditions and hypoxia in COVID-19 patients. Haptoglobin, hemopexin, heme oxygenase-1 and acetaminophen may be used to maintain the integrity of the RBC membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Akhter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia. ;
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Haque S, Jawed A, Akhter N, Dar SA, Khan F, Mandal RK, Areeshi MY, Lohani M, Wahid M. Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin): a potent medicine for preventing COVID-19 deaths caused by thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:9244-9245. [PMID: 33015764 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202009_23005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
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Dar SA, Wahid M, Haque S, Almalki SS, Akhter N. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use in G6PD deficient COVID-19 patients and the risk of Acute Hemeolytic Anaemia (AHA). Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:7923-7924. [PMID: 32767316 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202008_22473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S A Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
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Joshi B, Lyngdoh S, Singh SK, Sharma R, Kumar V, Tiwari VP, Dar SA, Maheswari A, Pal R, Bashir T, Reshamwala HS, Shrotriya S, Sathyakumar S, Habib B, Kvist L, Goyal SP. Revisiting the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) phylogeny in Himalaya: Addressing taxonomy, spatial extent and distribution of an ancient lineage in Asia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231621. [PMID: 32298359 PMCID: PMC7162449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the sub-species of Holarctic wolf, the Woolly wolf (Canis lupus chanco) is uniquely adapted to atmospheric hypoxia and widely distributed across the Himalaya, Qinghai Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and Mongolia. Taxonomic ambiguity still exists for this sub-species because of complex evolutionary history anduse of limited wild samples across its range in Himalaya. We document for the first time population genetic structure and taxonomic affinity of the wolves across western and eastern Himalayan regions from samples collected from the wild (n = 19) using mitochondrial control region (225bp). We found two haplotypes in our data, one widely distributed in the Himalaya that was shared with QTP and the other confined to Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand in the western Himalaya, India. After combining our data withpublished sequences (n = 83), we observed 15 haplotypes. Some of these were shared among different locations from India to QTP and a few were private to geographic locations. A phylogenetic tree indicated that Woolly wolves from India, Nepal, QTP and Mongolia are basal to other wolves with shallow divergence (K2P; 0.000-0.044) and high bootstrap values. Demographic analyses based on mismatch distribution and Bayesian skyline plots (BSP) suggested a stable population over a long time (~million years) with signs of recent declines. Regional dominance of private haplotypes across its distribution range may indicate allopatric divergence. This may be due to differences in habitat characteristics, availability of different wild prey species and differential deglaciation within the range of the Woolly wolf during historic time. Presence of basal and shallow divergence within-clade along with unique ecological requirements and adaptation to hypoxia, the Woolly wolf of Himalaya, QTP, and Mongolian regions may be considered as a distinct an Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU). Identifying management units (MUs) is needed within its distribution range using harmonized multiple genetic data for effective conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Reeta Sharma
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | | | - S. A. Dar
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Ranjana Pal
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | - Tawqir Bashir
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | | | | | - S. Sathyakumar
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | - Bilal Habib
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | - Laura Kvist
- Department of Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Mouterde T, Keerthi A, Poggioli AR, Dar SA, Siria A, Geim AK, Bocquet L, Radha B. Molecular streaming and its voltage control in ångström-scale channels. Nature 2019; 567:87-90. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-0961-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Das S, Rai G, Tigga RA, Srivastava S, Singh PK, Sharma R, Datt S, Singh NP, Dar SA. Candida auris in critically ill patients: Emerging threat in intensive care unit of hospitals. J Mycol Med 2018; 28:514-518. [PMID: 30042047 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Candida auris has emerged as the multi-drug resistant non-albican candida species in critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) causing bloodstream and other infections. It has often been misidentified as Candida famata, Candida sake, Rhodotorula glutinis, or Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida haemulonii by automated identification systems. We, in this study, discuss three patients who acquired Candida auris infection after 15 to 20days of their stay in medical ICU. Medical equipment, use of multiple antibiotics, and poor hand hygiene are the most probable predisposing factors attributing to its colonization at multiple anatomical sites leading to bloodstream infection. Candida auris might substantially contaminate the environment of colonized or infected patients making its eradication difficult. Patient screening for Candida auris, especially during prolonged ICU stays, along with strict infection prevention and control strategies needs to be adopted to break its persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Das
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India.
| | - G Rai
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India
| | - R A Tigga
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India
| | - S Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India
| | - P K Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India
| | - R Sharma
- Undergraduate student (Semester IX), University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India
| | - S Datt
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India
| | - N P Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India
| | - S A Dar
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, 110095 Delhi, India; Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, 45142 Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Keerthi A, Geim AK, Janardanan A, Rooney AP, Esfandiar A, Hu S, Dar SA, Grigorieva IV, Haigh SJ, Wang FC, Radha B. Ballistic molecular transport through two-dimensional channels. Nature 2018; 558:420-424. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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K S, Das S, Pandhi D, Rai G, Ansari MA, Gupta C, Haque S, Dar SA. Challenges in culture-negative cases of Madurella mycetomatis: A case report re-accentuating PCR as an essential diagnostic tool. J Mycol Med 2017; 27:577-581. [PMID: 29102309 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Identification of dematiaceous fungi responsible for black-grain mycetoma has remained cumbersome and time consuming for years leading to delayed diagnosis and thereby increased agony to patients. Moreover, difficult morphology of some of these fungi demanding enough expertise for species identification in addition to culture-negativity has often led to misdiagnosis and hence inapt treatment to the patients. We report the identification of Madurella mycetomatis from culture-negative black granules discharged from foot nodular lesions of a 27 years old male using PCR followed by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. The patient's lesions were successfully treated using a combination of itraconazole (200mg) and terbinafine (250mg), confirming our diagnosis. Our case study proves the clinical value of PCR as the best, rapid and accurate diagnostic method for the identification of Madurella mycetomatis and related fungi, particularly in culture-negative cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
| | - S Das
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
| | - D Pandhi
- Department of Dermatology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
| | - G Rai
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
| | - M A Ansari
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
| | - C Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
| | - S Haque
- Department of Biochemistry, B.N. College of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow 226201, U.P., India; Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A Dar
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi 110095, India; Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
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Tak IR, Dar JS, Dar SA, Ganai BA, Chishti MZ, Ahmad F. [A comparative analysis of various antigenic proteins found in Haemonchus contortus--a review]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2016; 49:883-90. [PMID: 26710767 DOI: 10.7868/s002689841506021x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Many innovative researches on the development and introduction of recombinant vaccines against many economically important parasites were carried out in the 20th century. Research continues to hold promise with the development of immunological and molecular approaches for control of these parasites and in this regard it has already been seen that blood-sucking parasites such as Haemonchus contortus and Ostertagia ostertagi are susceptible to control by vaccines containing "novel" or "concealed" antigens. Haemonchus contortus is primarily pathogenic to sheep and its blood-feeding behaviour causes effects ranging from mild anaemia to mortality in young animals. Current means of control which are dependent on repeated treatment with anthelmintics are responsible for the increasing drug resistance of this parasite. Together with the growing concern of residual chemicals in the environment and food chain, this has led to attempts to better understand the biology of the parasite with an aim to develop alternate means of control, including the development of molecular vaccines. More problematic and also important is the formulation and delivery strategy to induce expulsion of this parasite, using vaccines containing recombinant "conventional" antigens. Tremendous progress has been made in the last decade in identifying several antigens from Haemonchus contortus which in their native form stimulate useful levels of protective immunity. Vaccines have been developed against H. contortus using 'novel' gut antigens from the parasite, but variable responsiveness of the host sheep has resulted in varying degrees of protection which are stimulated by these vaccines. Computer models have also been used to simulate vaccine efficacy in worm control and have yielded good results. This review will try to summarise the protective efficacy and also the molecular properties of principal candidate antigens which are expressed by this parasite. The review will try to cover the aspirations, current success, limitations and problems faced by researchers in the control of this economically important parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- I R Tak
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India.,
| | - J S Dar
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - S A Dar
- Department of Zoology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
| | - B A Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - M Z Chishti
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - F Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
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Tak IR, Dar JS, Dar SA, Ganai BA, Chishti MZ, Ahmad F. A comparative analysis of various antigenic proteins found in Haemonchus contortus—a review. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893315060217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lopes SIC, Capela MI, Dar SA, Muyzer G, Lens PNL. Sulfate reduction at pH 4 during the thermophilic (55°C) acidification of sucrose in UASB reactors. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 24:1278-89. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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