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Jaju A, Hwang EI, Kool M, Capper D, Chavez L, Brabetz S, Billups C, Li Y, Fouladi M, Packer RJ, Pfister SM, Olson JM, Heier LA. MRI Features of Histologically Diagnosed Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors and Pineoblastomas in Correlation with Molecular Diagnoses and Outcomes: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group ACNS0332 Trial. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1796-1803. [PMID: 31601576 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors and pineoblastomas have traditionally been grouped together for treatment purposes. Molecular profiling of these tumors has revealed a number of distinct entities and has led to the term "CNS-primitive neuroectodermal tumors" being removed from the 2016 World Health Organization classification. The purpose of this study was to describe the MR imaging findings of histologically diagnosed primitive neuroectodermal tumors and pineoblastomas and correlate them with molecular diagnoses and outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Histologically diagnosed primitive neuroectodermal tumors and pineoblastomas were enrolled in this Children's Oncology Group Phase III trial, and molecular classification was retrospectively completed using DNA methylation profiling. MR imaging features were systematically studied and correlated with molecular diagnoses and survival. RESULTS Of the 85 patients enrolled, 56 met the inclusion criteria, in whom 28 tumors were in pineal and 28 in nonpineal locations. Methylation profiling revealed a variety of diagnoses, including pineoblastomas (n = 27), high-grade gliomas (n = 17), embryonal tumors (n = 7), atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (n = 3), and ependymomas (n = 2). Thus, 39% overall and 71% of nonpineal tumor diagnoses were discrepant with histopathology. Tumor location, size, margins, and edema were predictors of embryonal-versus-nonembryonal tumors. Larger size and ill-defined margins correlated with poor event-free survival, while metastatic disease by MR imaging did not. CONCLUSIONS In nonpineal locations, only a minority of histologically diagnosed primitive neuroectodermal tumors are embryonal tumors; therefore, high-grade glioma or ependymoma should be high on the radiographic differential. An understanding of molecularly defined tumor entities and their relative frequencies and locations will help the radiologist make more accurate predictions of the tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jaju
- From the Department of Radiology (A.J.), Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois .,Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (A.J.), Chicago, Illinois
| | - E I Hwang
- Brain Tumor Institute (E.I.H., R.J.P.), Children's National Health System, Washington, DC
| | - M Kool
- Department of Pediatric Neurooncology (M.K., S.B., S.M.P.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - D Capper
- Department of Pediatric Neuropathology (D.C.), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - L Chavez
- Department of Medicine (L.C.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - S Brabetz
- Department of Pediatric Neurooncology (M.K., S.B., S.M.P.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - C Billups
- Department of Biostatistics (C.B., Y.L.), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Y Li
- Department of Biostatistics (C.B., Y.L.), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - M Fouladi
- Brain Tumor Center (M.F.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - R J Packer
- Brain Tumor Institute (E.I.H., R.J.P.), Children's National Health System, Washington, DC
| | - S M Pfister
- Department of Pediatric Neurooncology (M.K., S.B., S.M.P.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - J M Olson
- Fred Hurtchinson Cancer Research Center (J.M.O.), Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - L A Heier
- Department of Radiology (L.A.H.), New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
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Ecker J, Oehme I, Selt F, Kool M, Schnölzer M, Warnken U, Brabetz S, Wechsler-Reya R, Kulozik AE, Pfister SM, Witt O, Milde T. Targeting the interaction of HDAC2 and MYC in Group 3 medulloblastoma. Klin Padiatr 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Godin-Heymann N, Brabetz S, Murillo MM, Saponaro M, Santos CR, Lobley A, East P, Chakravarty P, Matthews N, Kelly G, Jordan S, Castellano E, Downward J. Tumour-suppression function of KLF12 through regulation of anoikis. Oncogene 2016; 35:3324-34. [PMID: 26455320 PMCID: PMC4929484 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Suppression of detachment-induced cell death, known as anoikis, is an essential step for cancer metastasis to occur. We report here that expression of KLF12, a member of the Kruppel-like family of transcription factors, is downregulated in lung cancer cell lines that have been selected to grow in the absence of cell adhesion. Knockdown of KLF12 in parental cells results in decreased apoptosis following cell detachment from matrix. KLF12 regulates anoikis by promoting the cell cycle transition through S phase and therefore cell proliferation. Reduced expression levels of KLF12 results in increased ability of lung cancer cells to form tumours in vivo and is associated with poorer survival in lung cancer patients. We therefore identify KLF12 as a novel metastasis-suppressor gene whose loss of function is associated with anoikis resistance through control of the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Godin-Heymann
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - S Brabetz
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - M M Murillo
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - M Saponaro
- Mechanisms of Gene Transcription Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - C R Santos
- Translational Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - A Lobley
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - P East
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - P Chakravarty
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - N Matthews
- Advanced Sequencing Facility, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - G Kelly
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - S Jordan
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - E Castellano
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - J Downward
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Brabetz S, Seker-Cin H, Grobner SN, Hovestadt V, Jones DTW, Northcott PA, Milde T, Rusert JM, Pedro K, Bloom K, Li XN, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Olson JM, Pfister SM, Kool M. PM-09 * ESTABLISHMENT AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PATIENT-DERIVED XENOGRAFT MODELS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov061.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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