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Jones KL, Rafferty C, Hing S, Thompson RCA, Godfrey SS. Perturbations have minor impacts on parasite dynamics and body condition of an endangered marsupial. J Zool (1987) 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. L. Jones
- School of Veterinary & Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
| | | | - S. Hing
- School of Veterinary & Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
| | - R. C. A. Thompson
- School of Veterinary & Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
| | - S. S. Godfrey
- School of Veterinary & Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
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Cho YH, Craig ME, Januszewski AS, Benitez-Aguirre P, Hing S, Jenkins AJ, Donaghue KC. Higher skin autofluorescence in young people with Type 1 diabetes and microvascular complications. Diabet Med 2017; 34:543-550. [PMID: 27770590 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To test the hypothesis that non-invasive skin autofluorescence, a measure of advanced glycation end products, would provide a surrogate measure of long-term glycaemia and be associated with early markers of microvascular complications in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. METHODS Forearm skin autofluorescence (arbitrary units) was measured in a cross-sectional study of 135 adolescents with Type 1 diabetes [mean ± sd age 15.6 ± 2.1 years, diabetes duration 8.7 ± 3.5 years, HbA1c 72 ± 16 mmol/mol (8.7 ± 1.5%)]. Retinopathy, assessed using seven-field stereoscopic fundal photography, was defined as ≥1 microaneurysm or haemorrhage. Cardiac autonomic function was measured by standard deviation of consecutive RR intervals on a 10-min continuous electrocardiogram recording, as a measure of heart rate variability. RESULTS Skin autofluorescence was significantly associated with age (R2 = 0.15; P < 0.001). Age- and gender-adjusted skin autofluorescence was associated with concurrent HbA1c (R2 = 0.32; P < 0.001) and HbA1c over the previous 2.5-10 years (R2 = 0.34-0.43; P < 0.002). Age- and gender-adjusted mean skin autofluorescence was higher in adolescents with retinopathy vs those without retinopathy [mean 1.38 (95% CI 1.29, 1.48) vs 1.22 (95% CI 1.17, 1.26) arbitrary units; P = 0.002]. In multivariable analysis, retinopathy was significantly associated with skin autofluorescence, adjusted for duration (R2 = 0.19; P = 0.03). Cardiac autonomic dysfunction was also independently associated with skin autofluorescence (R2 = 0.11; P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Higher skin autofluorescence is associated with retinopathy and cardiac autonomic dysfunction in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. The relationship between skin autofluorescence and previous glycaemia may provide insight into metabolic memory. Longitudinal studies will determine the utility of skin autofluorescence as a non-invasive screening tool to predict future microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Cho
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - M E Craig
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - A S Januszewski
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - P Benitez-Aguirre
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - S Hing
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - A J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - K C Donaghue
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
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3
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Hing S, Narayan EJ, Thompson RCA, Godfrey SS. Identifying factors that influence stress physiology of the woylie, a critically endangered marsupial. J Zool (1987) 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Hing
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
| | - E. J. Narayan
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW Australia
| | - R. C. A. Thompson
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
| | - S. S. Godfrey
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
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Pham-Short A, C Donaghue K, Ambler G, K Chan A, Hing S, Cusumano J, E Craig M. Early elevation of albumin excretion rate is associated with poor gluten-free diet adherence in young people with coeliac disease and diabetes. Diabet Med 2014; 31:208-12. [PMID: 24117620 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There are conflicting data on microvascular complications in coexisting Type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease. We compared complications rates in youth with or without coeliac disease and examined the association between gluten-free diet adherence and complications. METHODS This was a comparative study of adolescents (2510 without coeliac disease, 129 with coeliac disease); 60 (47%) did not adhere to a gluten-free diet--defined as elevated anti-tissue transglutaminase or endomysial immunoglobulin A titres. Retinopathy was detected using 7-field fundal photography and albumin excretion rate by timed overnight urine collections, with early elevation defined as albumin excretion rate ≥ 7.5 μg/min. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between complications and explanatory variables, including coeliac disease vs. no coeliac disease, gluten-free diet adherence vs. non-adherence, diabetes duration and HbA1c . RESULTS Median age at last assessment was 16.5 years. Those with coeliac disease vs. those without were younger at diabetes diagnosis (7.1 vs. 8.6 years, P < 0.001) and had longer diabetes duration (9.3 vs. 7.2 years, P < 0.001). HbA1c was lower in those with coeliac disease vs. those without (67 vs. 70 mmol/mol, 8.3 vs. 8.6%, P = 0.04) and adherence to a gluten-free diet vs. non-adherence (66 vs. 72 mmol/mol, 8.2 vs. 8.7%, P = 0.003). There were no differences in complication rates between those with coeliac disease vs. those without (retinopathy 22 vs. 23%, elevated albumin excretion rate 31 vs. 28%). Non-adherence to a gluten-free diet was associated with elevated albumin excretion rate (40 vs. 23%, P = 0.04). In multivariable logistic regression, elevated albumin excretion rate was associated with non-adherence to a gluten-free diet (odds ratio 2.37, 95% CI 1.04-5.40, P = 0.04) and diabetes duration (odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.25, P = 0.03), but not HbA1c . CONCLUSIONS While glycaemic control is better in patients with coeliac disease, non-adherence to a gluten-free diet is associated with elevated albumin excretion rate. The possible protection of a gluten-free diet on complications warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pham-Short
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney
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Hing S, Othman N, Nathan SKSS, Fox M, Fisher M, Goossens B. First parasitological survey of Endangered Bornean elephants Elephas maximus borneensis. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2013. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Wilson JW, Ott CM, zu Bentrup KH, Ramamurthy R, Quick L, Porwollik S, Cheng P, McClelland M, Tsaprailis G, Radabaugh T, Hunt A, Fernandez D, Richter E, Shah M, Kilcoyne M, Joshi L, Nelman-Gonzalez M, Hing S, Parra M, Dumars P, Norwood K, Bober R, Devich J, Ruggles A, Goulart C, Rupert M, Stodieck L, Stafford P, Catella L, Schurr MJ, Buchanan K, Morici L, McCracken J, Allen P, Baker-Coleman C, Hammond T, Vogel J, Nelson R, Pierson DL, Stefanyshyn-Piper HM, Nickerson CA. Space flight alters bacterial gene expression and virulence and reveals a role for global regulator Hfq. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:16299-304. [PMID: 17901201 PMCID: PMC2042201 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0707155104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive analysis of both the molecular genetic and phenotypic responses of any organism to the space flight environment has never been accomplished because of significant technological and logistical hurdles. Moreover, the effects of space flight on microbial pathogenicity and associated infectious disease risks have not been studied. The bacterial pathogen Salmonella typhimurium was grown aboard Space Shuttle mission STS-115 and compared with identical ground control cultures. Global microarray and proteomic analyses revealed that 167 transcripts and 73 proteins changed expression with the conserved RNA-binding protein Hfq identified as a likely global regulator involved in the response to this environment. Hfq involvement was confirmed with a ground-based microgravity culture model. Space flight samples exhibited enhanced virulence in a murine infection model and extracellular matrix accumulation consistent with a biofilm. Strategies to target Hfq and related regulators could potentially decrease infectious disease risks during space flight missions and provide novel therapeutic options on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. W. Wilson
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - C. M. Ott
- Habitability and Environmental Factors Division and
| | | | - R. Ramamurthy
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - L. Quick
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology
| | - S. Porwollik
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, San Diego, CA 92121
| | - P. Cheng
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, San Diego, CA 92121
| | | | - G. Tsaprailis
- Center for Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - T. Radabaugh
- Center for Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - A. Hunt
- Center for Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | | | - E. Richter
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology
| | - M. Shah
- Center for Glycoscience Technology
| | | | - L. Joshi
- Center for Glycoscience Technology
| | | | - S. Hing
- Ames Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Moffett Field, CA 94035
| | - M. Parra
- Ames Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Moffett Field, CA 94035
| | - P. Dumars
- Ames Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Moffett Field, CA 94035
| | - K. Norwood
- Space Life Sciences Laboratory, Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920
| | - R. Bober
- Space Life Sciences Laboratory, Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920
| | - J. Devich
- Space Life Sciences Laboratory, Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920
| | - A. Ruggles
- Space Life Sciences Laboratory, Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920
| | - C. Goulart
- BioServe, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - M. Rupert
- BioServe, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - L. Stodieck
- BioServe, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
| | | | - L. Catella
- Space Life Sciences Laboratory, Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, FL 32920
| | - M. J. Schurr
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
- University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262
| | - K. Buchanan
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Oklahoma City University, Oklahoma City, OK 73106
| | - L. Morici
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - J. McCracken
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Section of General Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - P. Allen
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70112; and
| | - C. Baker-Coleman
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70112; and
| | - T. Hammond
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70112; and
| | - J. Vogel
- RNA Biology Group, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Nelson
- Center for Combinatorial Sciences, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | | | - H. M. Stefanyshyn-Piper
- Astronaut Office, Johnson Space Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Houston, TX 77058
| | - C. A. Nickerson
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at:
The Biodesign Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, 1001 South McAllister Avenue, Tempe, AZ 85287. E-mail:
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Abstract
AIM To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with secondary glaucoma postcongenital cataract surgery. METHODS All children diagnosed as having congenital cataracts in a major children's hospital between 1985 and 2005 were included in a retrospective case series. Medical records of 423 eyes among 283 patients who underwent cataract surgery with or without intraocular lens implantation at age </=16 for congenital cataract were reviewed. The main outcome measure was presence or absence of secondary glaucoma and time to glaucoma postsurgery. The following risk factors were evaluated: age at cataract surgery, presence of systemic anomalies, microcornea, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV), primary capsulotomy/anterior vitrectomy, primary intraocular lens implantation, secondary membrane surgery and duration of postoperative observation. RESULTS The statistical methods were the use of Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis. The mean follow-up was 6.3 (SD 5.0) years (median 4.6 years; range 0.5 to 20.3 years). Glaucoma developed in 36 of 234 patients (15.4%). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identified age less than 9 months at time of surgery (RR 2.9, 95% CI 1.3 to 7.7; p = 0.03), microcornea (RR 3.7, 95% CI 2.0 to 7.0; p<0.001), and follow-up time as important predictors of glaucoma. PHPV (RR 1.4, 95% CI 0.7 to 2.7; p = 0.41) and primary posterior capsulotomy/anterior vitrectomy (RR 2.2, 95% CI 0.9 to 5.5; p = 0.17) were not significantly associated with secondary glaucoma in the multivariate model. The mean time to glaucoma after congenital cataract surgery was 4.9 years (range 2 weeks to 16.8 years). CONCLUSION Secondary glaucoma is an important sequela in patients who undergo surgery for congenital cataracts. It is imperative that these patients get lifelong surveillance, as glaucoma can occur years after the initial operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Swamy
- MBBS FRANZCO, Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Campus of Sydney Eye Hospital, GPO Box 4337 Sydney NSW 2001, Australia
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8
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Strefford JC, Worley H, Barber K, Wright S, Stewart ARM, Robinson HM, Bettney G, van Delft FW, Atherton MG, Davies T, Griffiths M, Hing S, Ross FM, Talley P, Saha V, Moorman AV, Harrison CJ. Genome complexity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia is revealed by array-based comparative genomic hybridization. Oncogene 2007; 26:4306-18. [PMID: 17237825 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal abnormalities are important for the classification and risk stratification of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, approximately 30% of childhood and 50% of adult patients lack abnormalities with clinical relevance. Here, we describe the use of array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) to identify copy number alterations (CNA) in 58 ALL patients. CNA were identified in 83% of cases, and most frequently involved chromosomes 21 (n=42), 9 (n=21), 6 (n=16), 12 (n=11), 15 (n=11), 8 (n=10) and 17 (n=10). Deletions of 6q (del(6q)) were heterogeneous in size, in agreement with previous data, demonstrating the sensitivity of aCGH to measure CNA. Although 9p deletions showed considerable variability in both the extent and location, all encompassed the CDKN2A locus. Six patients showed del(12p), with a common region encompassing the ETV6 gene. Complex CNA were observed involving chromosomes 6 (n=2), 15 (n=2) and 21 (n=11) with multiple regions of loss and gain along each chromosome. Chromosome 21 CNA shared a common region of gain, with associated subtelomeric deletions. Other recurrent findings included dim(13q), dim(16q) and enh(17q). This is the first report of genome-wide detection of CNA in ALL patients using aCGH, and it has demonstrated a higher level of karyotype complexity than anticipated from conventional cytogenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Strefford
- Leukaemia Research Cytogenetics Group, Cancer Sciences Division, University of Southampton, UK.
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9
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Hing S, Lu YJ, Summersgill B, King-Underwood L, Nicholson J, Grundy P, Grundy R, Gessler M, Shipley J, Pritchard-Jones K. Gain of 1q is associated with adverse outcome in favorable histology Wilms' tumors. Am J Pathol 2001; 158:393-8. [PMID: 11159177 PMCID: PMC1850292 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63982-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Although several genes/genetic loci involved in the etiology of Wilms' tumor have been identified, little is known of the molecular changes associated with relapse. We therefore undertook an analysis by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) of 58 tumor samples of favorable histology Wilms' tumor taken at initial diagnosis and/or relapse. Tumors with anaplastic histology were excluded as this is known to be associated with p53 mutation and a poor prognosis. A control group of 21 Wilms' tumors that did not relapse was also analyzed. The overall frequency of gains or losses of genetic material detected by CGH was similar in both groups (77% in relapsing tumors and 70% in the nonrelapse group) as was the median number of changes per tumor (relapse group: n = 4, range, 1 to 19; nonrelapse group: n = 3, range, 1 to 8). However, gain of 1q was significantly more frequent in the relapse series [27 of 46 (59%) versus 5 of 21 (24%), P: = 0.019]. In 12 matched tumor pairs, the CGH profiles, including 1q gain, were similar at diagnosis and relapse, with little evidence for further copy number changes being involved in clonal evolution. The results suggest that 1q gain at diagnosis could be used to identify patients with favorable histology Wilms' tumor at increased risk of relapse who might benefit from early treatment intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hing
- Sections of Paediatrics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
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Donaghue KC, Fung AT, Hing S, Fairchild J, King J, Chan A, Howard NJ, Silink M. The effect of prepubertal diabetes duration on diabetes. Microvascular complications in early and late adolescence. Diabetes Care 1997; 20:77-80. [PMID: 9028699 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.20.1.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the significance of prepubertal diabetes duration in the development of diabetic microvascular complications in adolescents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Study A compares complications in 38 prepubertal (PreP) and 140 pubertal (Pub) subjects of the same age (10-14 years) and diabetes duration (3-12 years) to determine if the absence of puberty itself confers a lower risk of complications. Study B examines the importance of prepubertal and pubertal diabetes duration in 193 older adolescents (ages 15-22 years) with prepubertal onset of diabetes. Retinopathy status was assessed using stereoscopic fundus photography of seven fields per eye. Albumin excretion rate (AER) was assessed by three consecutive overnight urine collections, using a polyclonal radioimmunoassay. RESULTS In study A, there were no significant differences between the PreP and Pub groups for retinopathy (27 vs. 29%, P = 0.8) or differences in elevated AER (17 vs. 31%, P = 0.1). In study B, longer prepubertal diabetes duration improved the prediction for retinopathy over postpubertal duration alone (P < 0.0005). No relationship with duration was found for elevated AER (> 7.5, > 15, and > 30 micrograms/min). CONCLUSIONS Prepubertal subjects with diabetes did not have less retinopathy or elevated albumin excretion compared with pubertal subjects of the same age. Prepubertal diabetes duration is significantly related to the presence of retinopathy in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Donaghue
- Ray Williams Institute of Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Westmead, Australia.
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Freeman RB, Sanchez H, Lewis WD, Sherburne B, Dzik WH, Khettry U, Hing S, Zeldis JB, Jenkins RL. Serologic and DNA follow-up data from HBsAg-positive patients treated with orthotopic liver transplantation. Transplantation 1991; 51:793-7. [PMID: 1901676 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199104000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive patients treated with orthotopic liver transplantation were studied to determine whether any clinical, serologic, or histologic data were predictive for recurrent hepatitis B infection leading to graft failure. Six patients died early, one due to primary graft nonfunction and the remaining five due to septic complications. There were nine patients surviving longer than two months, eight of whom are alive at a mean follow-up of 556 days. HBsAg and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) reappeared in the sera of all survivors after a variable transient period of clearance. One patient died 3 months posttransplant of fungal sepsis and was found to have histologic evidence for recurrent hepatitis and positive immunoperoxidase staining postmortem. The remaining eight survivors are home and clinically well, with no histologic evidence of hepatitis. Seven of these eight patients have hepatitis B viral DNA in their sera. We conclude that while there is a high early mortality, usually from sepsis, none of the serologic, histologic, or DNA data analyzed can be used to predict graft loss from recurrent hepatitis. No grafts have been lost due to recurrent hepatitis B in this series, and therefore we believe that HBsAg positive patients should not be excluded from transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Freeman
- Department of Surgery, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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12
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Wilson-Holt N, Hing S, Taylor DS. Bilateral blinding uveitis in a child after secondary intraocular lens implantation for unilateral congenital cataract. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1991; 28:116-8. [PMID: 2051289 DOI: 10.3928/0191-3913-19910301-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 3-year-old boy underwent secondary implantation of an iris supported intraocular lens following extraction of a unilateral congenital cataract. Eight months later, he developed a bilateral plastic uveitis which, in spite of intensive medical treatment, resulted in NPL (no perception of light) in the implanted eye and 2/60 vision in the fellow eye. Sympathetic ophthalmia possibly played a role in the pathogenesis of the uveitis.
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13
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Abstract
Three children developed endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. Each had signs and symptoms of either nasolacrimal duct obstruction or upper respiratory infection at the time of surgery. The causative organisms were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Final visual acuities were 6/24, LP, and NLP, respectively. Endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in infants has never been reported. These three cases drawn from two pediatric ophthalmology practices represent an incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis of 0.45%. Although this incidence report is potentially spurious, it indicates that postoperative endophthalmitis is a very real threat in infants. We recommend a thorough systems review and exam of upper airways and lacrimal system before undertaking intraocular surgery in young children. We also caution against simultaneous bilateral surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- W V Good
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco
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Abstract
Three infants presented with the onset of hemifacial spasm after birth and at the age of 10 months. One patient was found to have occlusion of the straight sinus and large collateral veins at the base of the brain, presumably due to venous sinus thrombosis, supporting the concept of vascular compression of the facial nerve at its exit from the brain stem as a mechanism for the production of hemifacial spasm. The other patients each had an intrinsic mass compressing the fourth ventricle, located in the lower pons and extending into the cerebellar vermis and right cerebellar peduncle in one; in the other patient, the mass involved the cerebellar vermis and right middle cerebellar peduncle alone. These patients widen the etiologic spectrum of the syndrome and show that serious intracranial diseases may underlie hemifacial spasm in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Flüeler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospitals for Sick Children, London, England
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Abstract
We report an infant with bilateral complete cryptophthalmos as part of Fraser Syndrome. Clinical examination and recordings of the electroretinogram and flash visual evoked potential showed a functional visual pathway at retinal and post-retinal levels. Anatomical considerations and the possible complications of surgery made reconstruction of the lids and palpebral fissures inappropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital for Sick Children, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Abstract
The medical records of 224 children who had lens surgery performed at the Hospital for Sick Children during the 10-year period 1978-88 were reviewed. There were 12 children with ectopia lentis; these patients achieved a mean postoperative acuity of 0.68 (6/8.8), and no operative or postoperative complications were noted. Two hundred and twelve children had lens surgery for cataracts or for retrolental abnormalities with a clear lens. Children with bilateral congenital cataracts achieved a mean acuity in the better eye of 0.32 (6/18). In a series of carefully controlled unilateral congenital cataracts the visual results were poor. The postoperative complication rate for cataract and clear lens surgery was 4.6%. Because visual results are probably better with early surgery we emphasise that every newborn baby should be tested for media opacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hing
- Hospitals for Sick Children, London
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Temple IK, Hurst JA, Hing S, Butler L, Baraitser M. De novo deletion of Xp22.2-pter in a female with linear skin lesions of the face and neck, microphthalmia, and anterior chamber eye anomalies. J Med Genet 1990; 27:56-8. [PMID: 2308156 PMCID: PMC1016883 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.27.1.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A female infant is described with an unusual combination of eye and skin findings. Raw linear skin lesions on the face and neck were present at birth, healing to leave pigmented streaks. In addition she had left sided microphthalmia and bilateral sclerocornea. Chromosome analysis showed a terminal deletion of the short arm of the X chromosome (Xp22.2--pter). Clinical findings were similar to three previously described children with translocations involving Xp22.3. The condition probably represents a new syndrome distinct from incontinentia pigmenti and Goltz syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Temple
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Hospitals for Sick Children, London
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18
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Moore G, Hedge PJ, Rider SH, Xu W, Hing S, Palmer R, Sheer D, Solomon E. Multiple tandem 18-kb sequences clustered in the region of the acute promyelocytic leukemia breakpoint on chromosome 17. Genomics 1989; 4:152-61. [PMID: 2737676 DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(89)90294-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the cloning of an 18-kb sequence present in approximately 30 copies on chromosome 17. Most of these are clustered in the region of the breakpoint associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). These copies map both above and below the breakpoint, and pulsed field gel analysis indicates that the majority of these sequences lie within a region of approximately 2 megabases. The organization of these sequences appears to be that of large imperfect palindromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Moore
- Somatic Cell Genetics Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London, United Kingdom
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19
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Hing S, Day AJ, Linton SJ, Ripoche J, Sim RB, Reid KB, Solomon E. Assignment of complement components C4 binding protein (C4BP) and factor H (FH) to human chromosome 1q, using cDNA probes. Ann Hum Genet 1988; 52:117-22. [PMID: 2977721 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1988.tb01086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Using cDNA probes for Factor H (FH) and C4 binding protein (C4BP) on a panel of somatic cell hybrids, we show that both of these genes map to the long arm of chromosome 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hing
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
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20
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Solomon E, Palmer RW, Hing S, Law SK. Regional localization of CD18, the beta-subunit of the cell surface adhesion molecule LFA-1, on human chromosome 21 by in situ hybridization. Ann Hum Genet 1988; 52:123-8. [PMID: 3073708 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1988.tb01087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The gene coding for the beta-subunit of the cell surface adhesion glycoprotein LFA-1 has been localized to the tip of the long arm of chromosome 21 at 21q22.1-qter.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Solomon
- Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
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21
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Hing S, Bencsik AF, Marks MC. A report of three cases, two simulating ruptured ectopic gestation. Med J Aust 1966; 1:297-9. [PMID: 5906946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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