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Hammack TS, Amaguaña RM, Andrews WH, Al-Hasani SM, Asmundson R, Battista K, Beatty SJ, Berges-Soubies VA, Bozicevich T, Brooks D, Case J, Coles C, Copeland F, Davis-Debella PE, Entis P, Feldsine P, Fourcade L, Garcia GR, Goins DG, Jackson T, Koch S, Lafogiannis JA, Lee J, Lerner I, McIntyre D, McKee B, McNally S, Muchnik V, Mui L, Pfundheller R, Raghubeer EV, Rains D, Ruscica G, Schmieg J, Sellers R, Smoot M, Sobol R, Thunberg R, Torres S, Trinidad LF, Tuncan E, Watson JM. Rappaport-Vassiliadis Medium for Recovery of Salmonellaspp. from Low Microbial Load Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Twenty-three laboratories participated in a collaborative study to compare the relative effectiveness of Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) medium incubated at 42°C, selenite cystine (SC) broth (35°C), and tetrathionate (TT) broth (35 and 43°C) for recovery of Salmonella from the following foods with a low microbial load: dried egg yolk, dry active yeast, ground black pepper, guar gum, and instant nonfat dry milk. For dry active yeast, lauryl tryptose (LT) broth, incubated at 35°C, was used instead of SC broth. All of the foods were artificially inoculated with single Salmonella serovars, that had been lyophilized before inoculation, at high and low target levels of 0.4 and 0.04 colony forming units/g food, respectively. For analysis of 870 test portions, representing all of the foods except yeast, 249 Salmonella-positive test portions were detected by RV medium, 265 by TT broth (43°C), 268 by TT broth (35°C), and 269 by SC broth (35°C). For analysis of 225 test portions of yeast, 79 Salmonella-positive test portions were detected by RV medium, 79 by TT broth (43°C), 84 by TT broth (35°C), and 68 by LT broth (35°C). RV medium was comparable to, or even more effective than, the other selective enrichments for recovery of Salmonella from all of the foods except guar gum. It is recommended that RV (42°C) and TT (35°C) be used with foods that have a low microbial load, except for guar gum for which SC (35°C) and TT (35°C) are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Hammack
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, HFS-516, 200 C St, SW, Washington, DC 20204
| | - R Miguel Amaguaña
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, HFS-516, 200 C St, SW, Washington, DC 20204
| | - Wallace H Andrews
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, HFS-516, 200 C St, SW, Washington, DC 20204
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Norman BM, Whitty JM, Beatty SJ, Reynolds SD, Morgan DL. Do they stay or do they go? Acoustic monitoring of whale sharks at Ningaloo Marine Park, Western Australia. J Fish Biol 2017; 91:1713-1720. [PMID: 29023767 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Whale sharks Rhincodon typus were monitored via acoustic transmitters at the northern end of Western Australia's Ningaloo Marine Park to establish the extent to which the species inhabits the region beyond the whale-shark ecotourism industry season, which usually extends from March to August in each year. Despite the vast majority (c. 98%) of photographic submissions of R. typus from Ningaloo Reef being between March and August, acoustic detections from the tagged R. typus at Ningaloo were recorded in all months of the year, but do not preclude the occurrence of extended absences. It is concluded that as a species, R. typus occurs year round at Ningaloo, where it generally remains in close proximity to the reef edge, but that some individuals move outside of the detection range of the array for extended periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Norman
- ECOCEAN Australia, Fremantle, WA, 6160, Australia
- Freshwater Fish Group & Fish Health Unit, Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - J M Whitty
- Freshwater Fish Group & Fish Health Unit, Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - S J Beatty
- Freshwater Fish Group & Fish Health Unit, Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - S D Reynolds
- ECOCEAN Australia, Fremantle, WA, 6160, Australia
- Franklin Eco-Laboratory, The School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - D L Morgan
- Freshwater Fish Group & Fish Health Unit, Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
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Morgan DL, Ebner BC, Allen MG, Gleiss AC, Beatty SJ, Whitty JM. Habitat use and site fidelity of neonate and juvenile green sawfish Pristis zijsron in a nursery area in Western Australia. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2017. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Beatty SJ, Morgan DL. Rapid proliferation of an endemic galaxiid following eradication of an alien piscivore (Perca fluviatilis) from a reservoir. J Fish Biol 2017; 90:1090-1097. [PMID: 27859224 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Following the complete eradication of the alien piscivorous perch Perca fluviatilis from a potable reservoir, the abundance of the endemic western minnow Galaxias occidentalis, which was previously undetectable prior to the initial eradication event, increased dramatically. The study reveals the potential of reservoirs to act as ecological refuges and has implications for understanding the relative effects of alien fishes v. habitat alteration on native freshwater fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Beatty
- Freshwater Fish Group & Fish Health Unit, Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research, School of Veterinary and Life Science, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - D L Morgan
- Freshwater Fish Group & Fish Health Unit, Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research, School of Veterinary and Life Science, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
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Morgan DL, Allen MG, Ebner BC, Whitty JM, Beatty SJ. Discovery of a pupping site and nursery for critically endangered green sawfish Pristis zijsron. J Fish Biol 2015; 86:1658-1663. [PMID: 25943152 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A pilot study targeting sawfishes in the southern Pilbara region of Western Australia, which is undergoing a major expansion in human activity, was conducted using gillnets during April and October 2011 in the Ashburton Estuary and adjacent mangrove creeks. Catch per unit effort was greatest in the Ashburton Estuary in October, due to an influx of green sawfish Pristis zijsron pups, and was orders of magnitude higher than previously reported for any Pristidae; the study sites contained P. zijsron up to almost 3 m total length. This study identified the first pupping site for P. zijsron in Western Australia, and the most southerly known nursery area for the species in Australian waters, and is potentially the most important globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Morgan
- Freshwater Fish Group & Fish Health Unit, Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research, School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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Abstract
In this study, 1429 fishes of 18 different species (12 native and six exotic) were sampled from 29 localities to compare the levels of parasitism between native and exotic fish species and to examine the relationship between environmental degradation and parasite diversity. Forty-four putative species of parasites were found and most of these appear to be native parasites, which have not previously been described. Two parasite species, Lernaea cyprinacea and Ligula intestinalis, are probably introduced. Both were found on or in a range of native fish species, where they may cause severe disease. Levels of parasitism and parasite diversity were significantly greater in native fishes than in exotic species, and this may contribute to an enhanced demographic performance and competitive ability in invading exotics. Levels of parasitism and parasite diversity in native fishes were negatively related to habitat disturbance, in particular to a suite of factors that indicate increased human use of the river and surrounding environment. This was due principally to the absence in more disturbed habitats of a number of species of endoparasites with complex life cycles, involving transmission between different host species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Lymbery
- Fish Health Unit, Centre for Fish and Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
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