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Pörtner HO, Scholes RJ, Arneth A, Barnes DKA, Burrows MT, Diamond SE, Duarte CM, Kiessling W, Leadley P, Managi S, McElwee P, Midgley G, Ngo HT, Obura D, Pascual U, Sankaran M, Shin YJ, Val AL. Overcoming the coupled climate and biodiversity crises and their societal impacts. Science 2023; 380:eabl4881. [PMID: 37079687 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl4881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Earth's biodiversity and human societies face pollution, overconsumption of natural resources, urbanization, demographic shifts, social and economic inequalities, and habitat loss, many of which are exacerbated by climate change. Here, we review links among climate, biodiversity, and society and develop a roadmap toward sustainability. These include limiting warming to 1.5°C and effectively conserving and restoring functional ecosystems on 30 to 50% of land, freshwater, and ocean "scapes." We envision a mosaic of interconnected protected and shared spaces, including intensively used spaces, to strengthen self-sustaining biodiversity, the capacity of people and nature to adapt to and mitigate climate change, and nature's contributions to people. Fostering interlinked human, ecosystem, and planetary health for a livable future urgently requires bold implementation of transformative policy interventions through interconnected institutions, governance, and social systems from local to global levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-O Pörtner
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - R J Scholes
- Global Change Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A Arneth
- Atmospheric Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - D K A Barnes
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK
| | - M T Burrows
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, UK
| | - S E Diamond
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C M Duarte
- Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computational Bioscience Research Centre (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - W Kiessling
- Geozentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Leadley
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - S Managi
- Urban Institute, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - P McElwee
- Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - G Midgley
- Global Change Biology Group, Botany and Zoology Department, University of Stellenbosch, 7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - H T Ngo
- Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), Bonn, Germany
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, Rome, Italy
| | - D Obura
- Coastal Oceans Research and Development-Indian Ocean (CORDIO) East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya
- Global Climate Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - U Pascual
- Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Leioa, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science (Ikerbasque), Bilbao, Spain
- Centre for Development and Environment, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Sankaran
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Y J Shin
- Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Montpellier, Insititut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - A L Val
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, 69080-971 Manaus, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dasgupta
- Professor Emeritus, Department of Economics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 9DD, UK.
| | - A Duraiappah
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - S Managi
- Departments of Urban and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - E Barbier
- College of Business Economics and Finance Department, University of Wyoming, East Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - R Collins
- MIT Engineering Systems Division, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - B Fraumeni
- Central University for Finance and Economics, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410006, China
| | - H Gundimeda
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | - G Liu
- Statistics Norway, N-0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - K J Mumford
- Department of Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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