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Kolipaka R, Magesh I, Bharathy MA, Karthik S, Saranya I, Selvamurugan N. A potential function for MicroRNA-124 in normal and pathological bone conditions. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:687-694. [PMID: 38577015 PMCID: PMC10990750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells produce short single-stranded non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) called microRNAs (miRNAs), which actively regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Several miRNAs have been observed to exert significant impacts on bone health and bone-related disorders. One of these, miR-124, is observed in bone microenvironments and is conserved across species. It affects bone cell growth and differentiation by activating different transcription factors and signaling pathways. In-depth functional analyses of miR-124 have revealed several physiological and pathological roles exerted through interactions with other ncRNAs. Deciphering these RNA-mediated signaling networks and pathways is essential for understanding the potential impacts of dysregulated miRNA functions on bone biology. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of miR-124's involvement in bone physiology and pathology. We highlight the importance of miR-124 in controlling transcription factors and signaling pathways that promote bone growth. This review reveals therapeutic implications for the treatment of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushil Kolipaka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Induja Magesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M.R. Ashok Bharathy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I. Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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Parveen HS, Karthik S, M S K. Neural harmony: revolutionizing thyroid nodule diagnosis with hybrid networks and genetic algorithms. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38647355 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2024.2341969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
In the contemporary world, thyroid disease poses a prevalent health issue, particularly affecting women's well-being. Recognizing the significance of maternal thyroid (MT) hormones in fetal neurodevelopment during the first half of pregnancy, this study introduces the HNN-GSO model. This groundbreaking hybrid approach, utilizing the MT dataset, integrates ResNet-50 and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) within a Glow-worm Swarm Optimization (GSO) framework for optimal parameter tuning. With a comprehensive methodology involving dataset preprocessing and Genetic Algorithm (GA) for feature selection, our model leverages ResNet-50 for feature extraction and ANN for classification tasks. Implemented in Python, the HNN-GSO model outperforms existing models, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), ResNet, GoogleNet, and ANN, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of 98%. This success underscores the effectiveness of our approach in complex classification tasks within machine learning (ML) and pattern recognition, specifically tailored to the Thyroid Ultrasound Images (TUI) Dataset. To provide a comprehensive understanding of performance, additional statistical measures such as precision, recall, and F1 score were considered. The HNN-GSO model consistently outperformed competitors across these metrics, showcasing its superiority in MT classification. The HNN-GSO model seamlessly combines ResNet-50's feature extraction, ANN's classification robustness, and GSO's optimization for unparalleled performance. This research offers a promising framework for advancing ML methodologies, enhancing accuracy, and efficiency in classification tasks related to MT health.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Summia Parveen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, Coimbatore-641202
| | - S Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - Kavitha M S
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
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Karthik S, Mohan S, Magesh I, Bharathy A, Kolipaka R, Ganesamoorthi S, Sathiya K, Shanmugavadivu A, Gurunathan R, Selvamurugan N. Chitosan nanocarriers for non-coding RNA therapeutics: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130361. [PMID: 38395284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-based therapies entail delivering ncRNAs to cells to regulate gene expression and produce proteins that combat infections, cancer, neurological diseases, and bone abnormalities. Nevertheless, the therapeutic potential of these ncRNAs has been limited due to the difficulties in delivering them to specific cellular targets within the body. Chitosan (CS), a biocompatible cationic polymer, interacts with negatively charged RNA molecules to form stable complexes. It is a promising biomaterial to develop nanocarriers for ncRNA delivery, overcoming several disadvantages of traditional delivery systems. CS-based nanocarriers can protect ncRNAs from degradation and target-specific delivery by surface modifications and intracellular release profiles over an extended period. This review briefly summarizes the recent developments in CS nanocarriers' synthesis and design considerations and their applications in ncRNA therapeutics for treating various diseases. We also discuss the challenges and limitations of CS-based nanocarriers for ncRNA therapeutics and potential strategies for overcoming these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karthik
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sahithya Mohan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Induja Magesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok Bharathy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rushil Kolipaka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srinidhi Ganesamoorthi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Sathiya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abinaya Shanmugavadivu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghav Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Karthikeyan N, Gugan I, Kavitha M, Karthik S. An effective ontology-based query response model for risk assessment in urban flood disaster management. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-223000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The drastic advancements in the field of Information Technology make it possible to analyze, manage and handle large-scale environment data and spatial information acquired from diverse sources. Nevertheless, this process is a more challenging task where the data accessibility has been performed in an unstructured, varied, and incomplete manner. The appropriate extraction of information from diverse data sources is crucial for evaluating natural disaster management. Therefore, an effective framework is required to acquire essential information in a structured and accessible manner. This research concentrates on modeling an efficient ontology-based evaluation framework to facilitate the queries based on the flood disaster location. It offers a reasoning framework with spatial and feature patterns to respond to the generated query. To be specific, the data is acquired from the urban flood disaster environmental condition to perform data analysis hierarchically and semantically. Finally, data evaluation can be accomplished by data visualization and correlation patterns to respond to higher-level queries. The proposed ontology-based evaluation framework has been simulated using the MATLAB environment. The result exposes that the proposed framework obtains superior significance over the existing frameworks with a lesser average query response time of 7 seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Karthikeyan
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I. Gugan
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Dr NGP Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - M.S. Kavitha
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lakshmana Kumar R, Subramanian R, Karthik S. A novel approach to improve network validity using various soft computing techniques. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-212450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) in modern research have many optimal energy conservation mechanisms that can be deployed easily and in a faster manner. The routing approaches associated with energy consumption play a dominant role in routing the data packets between the mobile sensor nodes within the range of optimization. However, major challenges associated with energy consumption in MANETs include reduced lifetime of sensor nodes, poor coverage, and throughput. Most methods tend to reduce the interference of data while traversing between the sensor nodes and increase the capacity of the network. This results in delays while transmitting the packets across the network, and this may result in failure of packets being transmitted. To resolve this issue, in this paper, we propose an ant colony optimization combined with a flower pollination algorithm for minimal energy consumption and throughput maximisation in MANETs. This hybrid meta-heuristic model resolves the issues, including delays, poor coverage, and reduced network lifetime. This hybrid model uses the estimation of neighbourhood distance among the nodes for optimal placement of nodes for effective location. The estimation of location is found using a flower pollination algorithm with a levy flight mechanism. The estimation is carried out in a hyper sphere model that helps in finding the coverage area of the sensor nodes. Depending upon the estimation of neighbourhood distance among the sensor nodes, the consumption of energy among the sensor nodes in MANETs is reduced. The simulation was conducted between the proposed hybrid approach and conventional soft computing heuristics, where the results show that the proposed model achieves a higher rate of energy conservation and reduces delay than other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Lakshmana Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sreejith S, Subramanian R, Karthik S. Using patching asymmetric regions to assess ischemic stroke lesion in neuro imaging. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-212457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a universal ailment that endangers the life of patients and makes them bedridden until death. Over a decade, doctors and radiologists have been dissecting patient status straightforwardly from the printouts of the slice images delivered by different diagnostic imaging modalities. Computed Tomography (CT) is a frequently used imaging strategy for therapeutic analysis and neuroanatomical investigations. The main objective of the paper is to develop a simple technique with less architectural complication and power consumption. The proposed work is to section the ischemic stroke lesion more efficiently from multi-succession CT images using patching the asymmetric region. The Hough transform segment and extracts the features from the asymmetric region of the CT image and finally, the random forest is implemented to classify the unusual tissues from the CT image dependent on their pathological properties. RF classifier has been trained for different parts of the cerebrum for fragmenting the stroke lesion. The acquired outcomes produce better segmentation accuracy when compared with different strategies. The overall efficiency of the proposed method determines the Ischemic stroke with an accuracy of 95% with an RF classifier. Hence this method can be used in the segmentation process of stroke lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sreejith
- Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
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Chithra K, Shunmughanaathan V, Karthik S, Srihari K. Enhanced energy efficient routing scheme based ant colony optimization. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-212913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are independent of central administration or any infrastructure, hence it is flexible in nature. Though, the network is self organizing, the mobile nodes have some resource constraints. There is always a requirement forefficient routing protocol to manage the energy consumption and reduce the energy wastages in MANETWith that in mind, this article proposes Ant Colony Optimization for Enhanced Energy Efficient Routing (EEER-ACO). Furthermore, the network design balances the Transition Probability Standard (TPS)offset Coefficient to maximize navigation processing effectiveness and decrease path finding packets. Furthermore, the Surviving route lifespan is calculated based upon that node’s position and speed rate. Through incorporating the Residual Node Lifetime (RNL) and the Residual Link Lifetime (RLL), the Residual Node Lifetime (RNL), the ACO based pheromone has been designed. Further, the algorithm involves in choosing an optimal quality route for assuring continuous and efficient data packet transmission over the defined MANET. The investigation took into account the energy consumption of nodes as well as associated motility. Furthermore, the results indicate that the EEER-ACO algorithm improves network durability by reducing end-to-end delay, data packet loss, and path discovery rate. In comparison to previous algorithms, the proposed study has demonstrated that it achieves a 35 percent better performance than traditional protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Chithra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - V.K. Shunmughanaathan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K. Srihari
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
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Karthika A, Subramanian R, Karthik S. Using a recurrent neural network with S2 characteristics, efficient identification of localised cortical dysplasia. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-212463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is an inborn anomaly in brain growth and morphological deformation in lesions of the brain which induces focal seizures. Neurosurgical therapies were performed for the detection of FCD. Furthermore, it can be overcome through the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. The surgical result is attained basically through the output of the presurgical output. In preprocessing the process of increasing true positives with the decrease in false negatives occurs which results in an effective outcome. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) outputs are efficient to predict the FCD lesions through T1- MPRAGE and T2- FLAIR efficient output can be obtained. In our proposed work we extract the S2 features through the testing of T1, T2 images. Using RNN-LSTM (Recurrent neural network-Long short-term memory) test images were trained and the FCD lesions were segmented. The output of our work is compared with the proposed work yields better results compared to the existing system such as artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and convolution neural network (CNN). This approach obtained an accuracy rate of 0.195% (ANN), 0.20% (SVM), 0.14% (CNN), specificity rate of 0.23% (ANN), 0.15% (SVM), 0.13% (CNN) and sensitivity rate of 0.22% (ANN), 0.14% (SVM), 0.08% (CNN) respectively in comparison with RNN-LSTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Karthika
- Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu
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9
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Zarei A, Karthik S, Chowdhury F, Patel C, Scarsbrook A, Vaidyanathan S. Multimodality imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:e401-e416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Prema S, Karthikeyan N, Karthik S. Ultra-Low Power and High Sensitivity of Joint Clock Gating Based Dual Feedback Edge Triggered Flip Flop for Biomedical Imaging Applications. j med imaging hlth inform 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2021.3919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To adapt to varied working situations, the latest biomedical imaging applications require low energy consumption, high performance, and extensive energy-performance scalability. State-of-the-art electronics with higher sensitivity, higher counting rate, and finer time resolution are
required to create higher precision, higher temporal resolution, and maximum contrast biomedical images. In recent days, the system’s power consumption is important critically in modern VLSI circuits particularly for the low power application. In order to decrease the power, a power
optimization technique must be used at various design levels. The low power use of logic cells is a proficient technique for decreasing the circuit level power. Dual Feedback edge triggered Flip Flop (DFETFF) is considered for biomedical imaging applications in the proposed system. Initially,
the high dynamic range voltage is given as input signal. The comparator output is then retried at the comparator end. The integration capacitor is employed for storing remaining voltage signal. The comparator voltage is then given to the capacitor reset block. In the proposed work, a capacitor-reset
block that employs clock signal takes up a dual-feedbackedge-triggered Flip-flop as an alternative of a conventional type for reducing the final output signals errors. Dual feedback loops assure that feedback loops do not tri-state at the time of SET restoration, a scheme that could lead to
SEUs in latches if a single delay component and a single feedback loop are used. In digital system, Clock gating is a competent method of lessening the overall consumption of power along with deactivating the clock signal selectively and is useful for controlling the usage of clock signal
asynchronously in reference to input-signal current. The integration-control (Vint) signal is employed in controlling the integration time. On the termination of integration, the signal level phase is kept, also similar one is send to arrangement all through read period. As a result,
the simulation was carried out after the design layout and the estimations of performance were made and are compared with traditional approaches to prove the proposed mechanism effectiveness for future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Prema
- Research Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore 641035, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N. Karthikeyan
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore 641107, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore 641035, Tamilnadu, India
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Kathiresan V, Karthik S. Efficient Detection Using Soft Computing Approach of Modified Fuzzy C-Means Based Outlier Detection in Electronics Patient Records Systems. j med imaging hlth inform 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2021.3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Outliers are the data objects or data elements which are deviated from the observation or population in the dataset. Normally outliers are considered as noise data but in recent days outliers are taken vital role in the applications like healthcare systems to energetically check for
any malignant, irregular, or abnormal behaviour. Accuracy of the outlier detection is purely based upon the efficiency of outlier detection methods and application where the outlier detection is involved. In this paper we design hybrid three phase modified fuzzy c-means and diverse distance
based outlier detection method for distributed dataset to detect the unusual usage of data and illegitimate approach in large-scale integral networks, especially in healthcare sectors (EPR systems). The proposed algorithm combining the features of modified C-Means Fuzzification, Z-score and
Manhattan distance in outlier identification. The proposed algorithm provides efficiency in outlier detection on univariate EPRdata. This paper also mainly focuses the application intrusion detection in healthcare data. The algorithm is tested on real world dataset of machine learning database
repository (UCIML).
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Kathiresan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641109, TamilNadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, S.N.S College of Technology, Coimbatore 641035, TamilNadu, India
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Shanthini J, Arunkumar P, Karthik S, Karthikeyan N. Interpretation of Gait Supervising Mechanism Using Sensor Integrated Makeshift and Analysing Pattern by K-Means Clustering Algorithm. j med imaging hlth inform 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2021.3847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human mobility or walking pattern(gait) is described as the interpreter movements of the rotatory body to achieve extensive range of locomotion. Gait analysis is foremost widely used technique for identifying abnormalities in the lower extremities and gait characteristics essentially
support HAT (Head, Arm & Trunk). The act of walking is unconscious when there are no dysfunctions, but for ambulated the continuous monitoring is required. The existing clinical analysis method couldn’t achieve the daily walking routine within the confinement of a room.The proposed
method focuses on developing an ambulatory system on daily routines by incorporating feasible techniques for achieving the gait pattern which is not confined to a room atmosphere where all possibilities of walking pattern can’t be reached.This system has expounded an ideology, to interpret
the gait parameters using an insole type shoe integrated sensor system. Here, a wearable gait system which is incorporated with force resistive sensors, piezo sensors, inertial sensors and IR sensors are interfaced to the ESP 32. The corresponding sensors extract the data of kinematic angles,
kinetics, foot pressure, step count and foot stride investigations.The system proved to be efficient in finding the phases and orientation of the individual by interpreting values from the device. Acquired data can be clustered together to find the abnormal and normal values by applying K-Means
clustering algorithm, later the values are utilized in biomechanics for rectifying posture or movement related problems.The device will have several applications in sports, rehabilitation medicine and post-surgery treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Shanthini
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore 641035, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P. Arunkumar
- Department of Bio Medical Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore 641035, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore 641035, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N. Karthikeyan
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore 641035, Tamilnadu, India
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Alyethodi RR, Sirohi AS, Karthik S, Tyagi S, Perumal P, Singh U, Sharma A, Kundu A. Role of seminal MDA, ROS, and antioxidants in cryopreservation and their kinetics under the influence of ejaculatory abstinence in bovine semen. Cryobiology 2021; 98:187-193. [PMID: 33476643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite many cryopreservation techniques in bovine semen, various stressors' detrimental effects remain a significant issue. The present study targeted to assess the role of semen quality parameters, sperm function tests, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and different antioxidants in the cryopreservation of bovine semen. Further, the kinetics of lipid peroxidation, ROS, and antioxidants on repeated semen collection under short ejaculatory abstinence were studied. We designed a comparative study where bulls were grouped into good and low freezable semen groups (Freeze-groups) based on their post-thaw motility. All the bulls included had similar initial motility and qualified minimum standards for initial semen parameters viz. semen volume and sperm concentration. The present study detected a higher lipid peroxidation and ROS viz. superoxide anions (•O2-) and a lower total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the low freeze-group compared to the good freeze-group. The ROS and antioxidants showed unique kinetics on repeated semen collection at short intervals, and no significant change was detected in semen volume, sperm motility, and sperm concentration. This study detected higher head abnormalities and poor acrosome integrity in the low freeze-groups. The present study results indicated that the sperm head might be the most vulnerable part of the sperm to cryopreservation stress. The present study finds significantly higher lipid peroxidation and ROS levels and reduced antioxidant capacity as the primary reasons for low cryopreservability. Further, repeated semen collection with a shorter or lack of abstinence does not impose any significant change in the semen volume and sperm concentration; moreover, it could be beneficial for higher antioxidant levels and lower lipid peroxidation levels. As seminal plasma has both inhibitory and stimulatory roles in sperm function and cryopreservation, identifying the critical role players of seminal plasma and identifying sperm related changes in cryopreservation could predict the cryopreservability potential of semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafeeque R Alyethodi
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, A&N, India.
| | - Ajayvir Singh Sirohi
- Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - S Karthik
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, A&N, India
| | - S Tyagi
- Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - P Perumal
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, A&N, India
| | - Umesh Singh
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - A Kundu
- Animal Science Division, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, A&N, India
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Kumar R, Gupta RP, Bera BC, Anand T, Bhatia S, Kumar N, Sood R, Pavulraj S, Mathew MK, Balena V, Karthik S, Sansanwal R, Tripathi BN, Virmani N. Pathological and immunological protection induced by inactivated reverse genetics-based H3N8 equine influenza vaccine candidate in murine model. Acta Virol 2021; 64:359-374. [PMID: 32985215 DOI: 10.4149/av_2020_314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Equine influenza (EI) is an important viral respiratory disease of equines caused by influenza A virus (IAV). The antigenic drift in IAVs necessitates regular updating and harmonization of vaccine strain with the circulating virus. The reverse genetics-based recombinant viruses could be easy instrument in generating vaccine against circulating virus in a quick and effective manner. Present study has been envisaged to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of inactivated recombinant equine influenza virus (rgEIV) vaccine candidate having six segments from H1N1 virus (A/WSN/33/H1N1) and HA (hemaglutinin) and NA (neuraminidase) segments from H3N8 equine influenza virus [(A/eq/Jammu-Katra/06/08) of clade 2 of Florida sublineage] generated through reverse genetic engineering. BALB/c mice were immunized with inactivated rgEIV adjuvanted with aluminium hydroxide gel and challenged with H3N8 virus (A/eq/Jammu-Katra/06/08). The protective efficacy was evaluated through serology, cytokine profiling, clinical signs, gross and histopathological changes, immunohistochemistry and residual virus quantification. Immunizations induced robust humoral immune response as estimated through hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI). The antibodies were isotyped and the predominant subclass was IgG1. The vaccine candidate produced mixed Th1 and Th2 responses through stimulation of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 expression. Immunization protected mice against challenge as reflected through reduction in clinical signs and body weight loss, early recovery, mild pathological changes (gross and histopathological lesions) as evident through scoring of lesions, low residual virus in nasopharynx and lungs quantified through egg titration and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). The study demonstrates that inactivated recombinant EIV generated through reverse genetic approach provides equivalent protection to that observed with inactivated whole H3N8 EIV vaccine. Keywords: equine influenza; reverse genetics; vaccine; pathology; murine model.
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Karthik S, Kumar AA. A novel non-disjoint partitioning algorithm for inter-cluster communication in wireless sensor networks. IJCNDS 2021. [DOI: 10.1504/ijcnds.2021.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Raj P, Karthik S, Arif SM, Varshney U, Vijayan M. Plasticity, ligand conformation and enzyme action of Mycobacterium smegmatis MutT1. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2020; 76:982-992. [PMID: 33021500 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798320010992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium smegmatis MutT1 (MsMutT1) is a sanitation enzyme made up of an N-terminal Nudix hydrolase domain and a C-terminal domain resembling a histidine phosphatase. It has been established that the action of MutT1 on 8-oxo-dGTP, 8-oxo-GTP and diadenosine polyphosphates is modulated by intermolecular interactions. In order to further explore this and to elucidate the structural basis of its differential action on 8-oxo-NTPs and unsubstituted NTPs, the crystal structures of complexes of MsMutT1 with 8-oxo-dGTP, GMPPNP and GMPPCP have been determined. Replacement soaking was used in order to ensure that the complexes were isomorphous to one another. Analysis of the structural data led to the elucidation of a relationship between the arrangements of molecules observed in the crystals, molecular plasticity and the action of the enzyme on nucleotides. The dominant mode of arrangement involving a head-to-tail sequence predominantly leads to the generation of NDPs. The other mode of packing arrangement appears to preferentially generate NMPs. This work also provides interesting insights into the dependence of enzyme action on the conformation of the ligand. The possibility of modulating the enzyme action through differences in intermolecular interactions and ligand conformations makes MsMutT1 a versatile enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Raj
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, India
| | - S Karthik
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, India
| | - S M Arif
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, India
| | - U Varshney
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, India
| | - M Vijayan
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, India
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Padmapriya C, Pushkarapriya S, Shanmugapriya N, Sushmitha KP, Karthik S, Rajanandh MG. Effect of sertraline in patients with newly diagnosed depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus or hypertension: An observational study from south India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:1065-1068. [PMID: 32645649 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with either type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or hypertension (HTN) are more prone to develop depression when compared with the general population. Along with comorbid of either T2DM or HTN, treatment of depression may become an even bigger challenge. The present study aimed to observe the effect of sertraline in newly diagnosed depression patients with T2DM or HTN. METHODS A prospective, observational study was conducted in the T2DM or HTN patients who were newly diagnosed as depression patients. Parameters such as, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) score for depression were measured before and after initiating sertraline therapy (50 mg, twice daily). Paired t-test was used to find out the statistical significance. RESULT Of the 546 enrolled patients, 291 patients were in T2DM and 255 patients with HTN. No statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed between baseline and 12th week of comparison with respect to HbA1c, SBP and DBP values. While at the end of treatment, the number of patients suffered from depression in severe state were improved to moderate to a mild state of depression. Statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed in both T2DM and HTN groups when comparing the total score of HAM-D before and after sertraline treatment. CONCLUSION Sertraline is effective in the management of newly diagnosed depression among T2DM or HTN patients. However, the results should be confirmed by a double blinded placebo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Padmapriya
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, India
| | - S Pushkarapriya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Shanmugapriya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K P Sushmitha
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Karthik
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M G Rajanandh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600 116, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Karthik S, Bhatt A, Babu T. Sodium thiosulfate dressings facilitate healing of refractory cutaneous ulcers of calcinosis cutis. J Postgrad Med 2020; 65:123-124. [PMID: 31036781 PMCID: PMC6515782 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_500_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Karthik
- Department of Endocrinology, Silverline Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - A Bhatt
- Department of Podiatry & Plastic Surgery, Silverline Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - T Babu
- Department of Endocrinology, Silverline Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Karthikeyan VG, Thangaraj P, Karthik S. Towards developing hybrid educational data mining model (HEDM) for efficient and accurate student performance evaluation. Soft comput 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-020-05075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Gokulalakshmi A, Karthik S, Karthikeyan N, Kavitha MS. ICM-BTD: improved classification model for brain tumor diagnosis using discrete wavelet transform-based feature extraction and SVM classifier. Soft comput 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-020-05096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Paul M, Karthik S, Joseph J, Sivaprakasam M, Kumutha J, Leonhardt S, Hoog Antink C. Non-contact sensing of neonatal pulse rate using camera-based imaging: a clinical feasibility study. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:024001. [PMID: 32148333 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ab755c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neonates and infants are patients who would benefit from less invasive vital sign sensing, especially from fewer cables and the avoidance of adhesive electrodes. Photoplethysmography imaging (PPGI) has been studied for medical applications in recent years: it is possible to assess various vital signs remotely, non-invasively, and without contact by using video cameras and light. However, studies on infants and especially on neonates in clinical settings are still rare. Hence, we conducted a single-center study to assess heart activity by estimating the pulse rate (PR) of 19 neonates. APPROACH Time series were generated from tracked regions of interest (ROIs) and PR was estimated via a joint time-frequency analysis using a short-time Fourier transform. Artifacts, for example, induced by movement, were detected and flagged by applying a signal quality index in the frequency domain. MAIN RESULTS The feasibility of PR estimation was demonstrated using visible light and near-infrared light at 850 nm and 940 nm, respectively: the estimated PR was as close as 3 heartbeats per minute in artifact-free time segments. Furthermore, an improvement could be shown when selecting the best performing ROI compared to the ROI containing the whole body. The main challenges are artifacts from motion, light sources, medical devices, and the detection and tracking of suitable regions for signal retrieval. Nonetheless, the PR extracted was found to be comparable to the contact-based photoplethysmography reference and is, therefore, a viable replacement if robust signal retrieval is ensured. SIGNIFICANCE Neonates are seldom measured by PPGI and studies reporting measurements on darker skin tones are rare. In this work, not only a single camera was used, but a synchronized camera setup using multiple wavelengths. Various ROIs were used for signal extraction to examine the capabilities of PPGI. In addition, qualitative observations regarding camera parameters and noise sources were reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paul
- Medical Information Technology (MedIT), Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, Aachen, 52074, Germany
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Alyethodi RR, Karthik S, Muniswamy K, Ravi SK, Perumal P, Bhattacharya D, Bala PA, De AK, Sujatha T, Sunder J, Kundu A. Assessment of Protein Profiles of RNAlater Stored and Fresh PBMC Cells Using Different Protein Extraction Buffers. Protein J 2020; 39:291-300. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-020-09888-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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23
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Ananthi M, Sabitha R, Karthik S, Shanthini J. FSS-SDD: fuzzy-based semantic search for secure data discovery from outsourced cloud data. Soft comput 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-020-04701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mathew OC, Dhanapal R, Visalakshi P, Parthiban KG, Karthik S. Distributed Security Model for Remote Healthcare (DSM-RH) Services in Internet of Things Environment. j med imaging hlth inform 2020. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2020.2845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Arjun S, Karthik S, Arjunan K, Hariharan S, Seenivasan P, Sankar V. Preparation and Evaluation of Rosuvastatin Calcium Nanosuspension and Solid Dispersion Tablets by Wet Granulation and Direct Compression Techniques using Tamarind Gum as a Binder. Indian J Pharm Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Suriyaprabha R, Balu KS, Karthik S, Prabhu M, Rajendran V, Aicher WK, Maaza M. A sensitive refining of in vitro and in vivo toxicological behavior of green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles from the shells of Jatropha curcas for multifunctional biomaterials development. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 184:109621. [PMID: 31520953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) possess a wide range of biological functions in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications due to their excellent antimicrobial, optical and UV protective properties. This study first reports the toxicological assessment of ZnO NPs green synthesized from Jatropha curcas shells for multifunctional biomedical applications. The hot water extract of J.curcas shells is utilized as a chelating agent for the reduction of zinc acetate and then, the prepared ZnO NPs are broadly characterized using X-ray spectroscopic and electron microscopic observations. The prepared ZnO NPs acquire high purity (100%) wurtzite crystal with hexagonal structure with the average particle size of 53 nm. In vitro and in vivo toxicity evaluation against human tumor cell lines and zebrafish embryos have ascertained the purpose of ZnO NPs in clinical research. Toxic effects of ZnO NPs were observed by a dose-dependent reduction of bacterial growth at ≥1 μg ml-1, by teratogenicity and genotoxicity in zebrafish embryos (from 3 to 90 μg ml-1) and by a significant nanoparticle uptake (0.5 ng μl-1) by a fish serum. In contrast, ZnO NPs fail to reduce the proliferation of human bladder tumor cells (UC6) and cell viability of A549 cells in vitro up to 500 μg ml-1. All these observations limit the unobstructed application of ZnO NPs at higher concentrations. Thus, abundantly used metal oxide nanoparticles like ZnO NPs examined in our present study in different animal models under in vitro and in vivo conditions will be the significant screening strategy to determine the nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Suriyaprabha
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K S Balu
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Karthik
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Prabhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mahendra Institute of Technology Mahendhirapuri, 637503, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Rajendran
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology Tiruchengode, 637215, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Research, Dr. N. G. P. Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, 641048, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Wilhelm K Aicher
- Department of Urology, University of Tübingen Hospital, Waldhörnlestr. 22, 72072, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Malik Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, PO Box 722, Somerset West, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
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Rajan J, Gaur G, Karthik S, Adinarayanan S. Theta dominance in the power spectra of eeg in chronic neurogenic pain. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jahnavi Basu U, Iqbal A, Karthik S. Re-audit compliance with British Thyroid Association (BTA) characterisation for thyroid nodules found on ultrasound (US). Clin Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.09.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) are one of the mainstay drugs in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been well-documented that these class of drugs cause allergic reactions. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a blistering skin condition commonly associated with many drugs. Here, we report a case of probable DPP-4i-induced BP in an elderly man, which resolved on discontinuation of the drug. Although this adverse drug reaction has been documented in Western world and Japanese ethnicity, this seems to be the first case report of such occurrence in Indian ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karthik
- Department of Endocrinology, Silverline Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - P E Joseph
- Department of Dermatology, Silverline Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - T Babu
- Department of Endocrinology, Silverline Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Al-Chalabi H, Karthik S, Vaidyanathan S. Radiological-pathological correlation of the British Thyroid Association ultrasound classification of thyroid nodules: a real-world validation study. Clin Radiol 2019; 74:702-711. [PMID: 31272599 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the real-world performance of the British Thyroid Association (BTA) U classification, specifically focusing on radiology-pathology correlation and to glean learning points. METHODS AND MATERIALS Adults undergoing a neck ultrasound for thyroid nodules were reviewed over a period of 1-year. Data including demographics, nodule characteristics, BTA grading, and cytology/histopathology were retrieved with a minimum 24-month follow-up. RESULTS Of 1,225 graded nodules in 964 patients, cytology and/or histology were available for 300 (24%). 57 cancers were detected. Of 24 (2%) U5 nodules, 14 were malignant, of 51 (4%) U4, 22 were malignant, of 256 (21%) U3, 20 were malignant, and from 894 (73%) U2 nodules, one cancer was discovered. BTA U grading with fine-needle aspiration (FNA)/core biopsy achieved 96.5% sensitivity, 93.7% specificity, and 93.9% accuracy compared to excision. There was no association between nodule size and rate of malignancy. CONCLUSION This is the first study to validate the use of the BTA U-grading system in UK clinical practice. The BTA U-grading system is a robust and reliable method of evaluating the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules with a high negative predictive value. Key learning points gleaned from the study were accurate assessment of nodule echogenicity, careful evaluation of solid-cystic nodules, optimising ultrasound technique, and the low-risk nature of U3 nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Al-Chalabi
- Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK; Department of Radiology, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wigginton Road, York, YO31 8HE, UK
| | - S Karthik
- Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - S Vaidyanathan
- Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
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Kannan B, Karthik S, Pal GK, Menon V. Gender Variation in the Prevalence of Internet Addiction and Impact of Internet Addiction on Reaction Time and Heart Rate Variability in Medical College Students. J Clin Diagn Res 2019. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2019/40839.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Karthik S, Mandal PK, Thirugnanasambandam A, Gautham N. Crystal structures of disordered Z-type helices. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2018; 38:279-293. [PMID: 30588873 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2018.1517883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray crystal structures of a decamer sequence d(CGCGTACGCG)2 and a tetradecamer sequence d(CGCGCGTACGCGCG)2 are presented here. Both sequences are alternating pyrimidine-purine repeat sequences and they form disordered, pseudo-continuous left handed Z-type helices. They demonstrate interesting variants of the 'bundles of columns of helices' mode of packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karthik
- a Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras, Guindy Campus , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - P K Mandal
- a Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras, Guindy Campus , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - A Thirugnanasambandam
- a Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras, Guindy Campus , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - N Gautham
- a Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras, Guindy Campus , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
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Ilamaran M, Sriram Raghavan S, Karthik S, Sanjay Nalawade K, Samvedna S, Routray W, Kamini NR, Saravanan P, Ayyadurai N. A facile method for high level dual expression of recombinant and congener protein in a single expression system. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 156:1-7. [PMID: 30562573 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein engineering is an emerging field for developing novel therapeutic proteins and commercial enzymes, along with a major impact on the global market. In recent decades, advanced methods employing protein modification through expansion of the genetic code have led to the development of proteins with new biochemical and physical properties. These techniques have produced engineered proteins with improved attribute comprising substrate relaxation, protein drug conjugation and high stability under extreme conditions of high temperatures, pH and organic solvents. Furthermore, residue specific incorporation is the simplest method for the global incorporation of non-canonical amino acid (NCAA) for protein modification; however it has the major drawbacks of high production cost and manpower requirement. In the present study, we developed a method for the incorporation of single NCAA in two different proteins by using Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression system. For that, the dual protein expressing Escherichia coli JW2581 strain was constructed by transforming pQE80L and pD881-PpiBT vectors with different promoters, selectable markers and AnnexinV, GFPHS gene. To modify the protein, the 3,4 dihydroxy phenyl alanine (DOPA) was globally incorporated into the GFPHS and Annexin V protein using dual protein expression system. The incorporation efficiency during the dual protein expression was achieved through optimized concentrations of amino acids, carbohydrate and inducers in minimal medium. This method for the incorporation of single NCAA into two different proteins using a single expression host system saves the production cost, manpower and time substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ilamaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India
| | - S Sriram Raghavan
- Department of Crystallography and Biophysics, Madras University, Chennai, India
| | - S Karthik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India
| | | | - S Samvedna
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering Collage, Chennai, India
| | - W Routray
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India
| | - N R Kamini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India
| | - P Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering Collage, Chennai, India
| | - N Ayyadurai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai, India.
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Regan R, Kaleeswari G, Sowmya R, Bharkavi A, Karthik S, Gomathi P. Reliability and validity of the CONFbal scale in patients with hemiparesis following stroke. Int J Adv Med Health Res 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_41_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Kriplani A, Mahey R, Kachhawa G, Karthik S, Kriplani I. Laparoscopic Peritoneal Vaginoplasty in Mayer Rokitansky Kuster Hauser Syndrome – An Experience at Tertiary Care Center. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.08.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Karthik S, Rao S. PREDICTION OF TRANSMITTED WAVE HEIGHT OF TANDEM BREAKWATER USING PSO-SVM. IJSC 2017. [DOI: 10.21917/ijsc.2017.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Karthik S, Thirugnanasambandam A, Mandal PK, Gautham N. Comparison of X-ray crystal structures of a tetradecamer sequence d(CCCGGGTACCCGGG) 2 at 1.7 Å resolution. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2017; 36:343-354. [PMID: 28387634 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2017.1287378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We present here a comparison of three different X-ray crystal structures of DNA tetradecamer sequence d(CCCGGGTACCCGGG)2 all at about 1.7 Å resolution. The sequence was designed as an attempt to form a DNA four-way junction with A-type helical arms. However, in the presence of zinc, magnesium, and in the absence of any metal ion, it does not take up the junction structure, but forms an A-type double helix. This allowed us to study possible conformational changes in the double helix due to the presence of metal ions. Upon addition of the zinc ion, there is a change in the space group from P41212 to P41. The overall conformation of the duplex remains the same. There are small changes in the interaction of the metal ions with the DNA. In the zinc-bound structure, there are two zinc ions that show direct interaction with the N7 atoms of terminal G13 bases at either end of the molecule. There are small changes in the interhelical contacts. The consequence of these differences is to break some of the symmetry and change the space group.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karthik
- a CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - A Thirugnanasambandam
- a CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - P K Mandal
- a CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - N Gautham
- a CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics , University of Madras , Guindy Campus, Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India
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Chandrika RR, Karthikeyan N, Karthik S. Simplified Contrast Enhancement Fuzzy Technique in Digital Mammograms for Detecting Suspicious Cells. j med imaging hlth inform 2017. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2017.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Karthik S, Holla B, Bharath R, Venkatasubramaniyan G, Benegal V. Alcohol-related cue-reactivity predicts abstinence duration in individuals with severe alcohol-use disorders. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is an important global public health problem with complex aetiology and relapsing remitting course. Clinical measures of alcohol dependence severity and alcohol-craving, are largely unreliable in identifying individuals at high-risk for relapse. Functional human neuroimaging methods that employ symptom provocation paradigms have shown promise in identifying critical brain regions with cue-elicited alcohol-craving response.ObjectiveThe present study aimed at examining the utility of fMRI cue-reactivity (CR) in predicting relapse risk.MethodsThe study was conducted on inpatients of a tertiary care neuropsychiatric hospital. Thirty-two treatment-seeking right-handed men were recruited for the study after informed consent. Following detoxification and 3-day drug-washout period, they underwent a task-based fMRI while viewing images of alcohol-related and control cues presented to them using a previously validated fMRI paradigm. All patients received anti-craving medications (baclofen: 60–80 mg/d, n = 16; naltrexone: 50–100 mg/d, n = 16) and were prospectively followed-up till their first alcohol lapse.ResultsRandom-effect analysis using one-sample test revealed significant CR to alcohol-related cues (relative to implicit baseline) with activation in salience-reward related regions [insula, cingulate, dorsal striatum (DS)], visual-attention regions [occipito-temporal] and deactivation of default-mode regions [posterior cingulate (PCC)] (all significant at PFWE < 0.05, whole-brain corrected). Cox-proportional hazard regressions revealed that greater CR in Insula (Chi2 = 10.33; P = 0.001; HR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.5–6.3) and DS (Chi2 = 10.87; P = 0.001; HR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.5–5.2) predicts faster subsequent time to first drink after accounting for the role of clinical measures.ConclusionThese findings indicate that CR can serve as potential marker to identify individuals at high-risk for relapse. Further examination of intervention-related CR change may aid in personalizing treatment of AUD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Karthik S, Jana A, Selvakumar M, Venkatesh Y, Paul A, Shah SS, Singh NDP. Coumarin polycaprolactone polymeric nanoparticles: light and tumor microenvironment activated cocktail drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1734-1741. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02944b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Highly sensitive hypoxia (H2O2)-activated photoresponsive polymeric nanoparticles for cocktail delivery of anticancer drugs doxorubicin (Dox) and chlorambucil (Cbl) were developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Karthik
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | - Avijit Jana
- Biomaterials Group
- Division of Natural Product Chemistry
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500007
| | - M. Selvakumar
- Rubber Technology Centre
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | - Yarra Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | - Amrita Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | - Sk. Sheriff Shah
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
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Venkatesh Y, Karthik S, Rajesh Y, Mandal M, Jana A, Singh NDP. Three-Arm, Biotin-Tagged Carbazole-Dicyanovinyl-Chlorambucil Conjugate: Simultaneous Tumor Targeting, Sensing, and Photoresponsive Anticancer Drug Delivery. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3482-3486. [PMID: 27706928 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yarra Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 West Bengal India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 West Bengal India
| | - Y. Rajesh
- School of Medical Science and Technology; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 West Bengal India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 West Bengal India
| | - Avijit Jana
- Biomaterials Group; Division of Natural Products Chemistry; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
| | - N. D. Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 West Bengal India
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Venkatesh Y, Rajesh Y, Karthik S, Chetan AC, Mandal M, Jana A, Singh NDP. Photocaging of Single and Dual (Similar or Different) Carboxylic and Amino Acids by Acetyl Carbazole and its Application as Dual Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11168-11175. [PMID: 27754672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A new fluorescent photoremovable protecting group (FPRPG) based on acetylcarbazole framework has been explored for the first time release of single and dual (similar or different) substrates from single chromophore. Mechanistic studies of the photorelease process revealed that photorelease of two (similar or different) substrates from acetyl carbazole proceeds via a stepwise pathway. Further, we constructed photoresponsive dual drug delivery system (DDS) to release two different anticancer drugs (caffeic acid and chlorambucil, 1 equiv each). In vitro study reveals that our DDS exhibit excellent properties like biocompatibility, cellular uptake, and photoregulated dual drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarra Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , 721302 West Bengal, India.,Biomaterials Group, ⊥Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Y Rajesh
- Department of Chemistry, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , 721302 West Bengal, India.,Biomaterials Group, ⊥Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - S Karthik
- Department of Chemistry, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , 721302 West Bengal, India.,Biomaterials Group, ⊥Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - A C Chetan
- Department of Chemistry, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , 721302 West Bengal, India.,Biomaterials Group, ⊥Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , 721302 West Bengal, India.,Biomaterials Group, ⊥Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Avijit Jana
- Department of Chemistry, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , 721302 West Bengal, India.,Biomaterials Group, ⊥Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - N D Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, ‡School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , 721302 West Bengal, India.,Biomaterials Group, ⊥Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500007, India
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Suresh
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College; Thiruvannamalai 606603 Tamilnadu India
| | - S. Karthik
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College; Thiruvannamalai 606603 Tamilnadu India
| | - A. Arun
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College; Thiruvannamalai 606603 Tamilnadu India
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Vakees E, Suresh J, Kayalvizhi M, Thangaraj V, Karthik S, Arun A. Triblock Copolymers Based on Monohydroxy Polystyrene with Crystallizable Amide Segments: Synthesis and Characterization. Adv Polym Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Vakees
- P.G. and Research Department of Chemistry; Government Arts College; Tiruvannamalai 606 603 India
| | - J. Suresh
- P.G. and Research Department of Chemistry; Government Arts College; Tiruvannamalai 606 603 India
| | - M. Kayalvizhi
- P.G. and Research Department of Chemistry; Government Arts College; Tiruvannamalai 606 603 India
| | - V. Thangaraj
- P.G. and Research Department of Chemistry; Government Arts College; Tiruvannamalai 606 603 India
| | - S. Karthik
- P.G. and Research Department of Chemistry; Government Arts College; Tiruvannamalai 606 603 India
| | - A. Arun
- P.G. and Research Department of Chemistry; Government Arts College; Tiruvannamalai 606 603 India
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Vinoth M, Suriyaprabha R, Arunmetha S, Karthik A, Karthik S, Paramasivam P, Prabu P, Manivasakan P, Saminathan K, Rajendran V. Synthesis of Nothapodytes Nimmoniana Leaf Nanoparticles for Antireflective and Self-Cleaning Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2015.1040164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Vinoth
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - R. Suriyaprabha
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - S. Arunmetha
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - A. Karthik
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - P. Paramasivam
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - P. Prabu
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - P. Manivasakan
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - K. Saminathan
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
| | - V. Rajendran
- Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
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Paul A, Jana A, Karthik S, Bera M, Zhao Y, Singh NDP. Photoresponsive real time monitoring silicon quantum dots for regulated delivery of anticancer drugs. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:521-528. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02045j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescent silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) decorated using o-nitrobenzyl (ONB) derivative as a phototrigger for real-time monitoring of chlorambucil (Cbl) based on Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | - Avijit Jana
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | - Manoranjan Bera
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
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Kabade S, Venkatesh Y, Karthik S, Kumar V. Comparative study of granisetron versus pethidine for the prevention of perioperative shivering under spinal Anesthesia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/2394-6954.190769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Al-Ameri A, Malhotra P, Thygesen H, Vaidyanathan S, Karthik S, Scarsbrook A, Callister M. S74 Assessing the diagnostic accuracy of the British Thoracic Society algorithm for investigation of solid pulmonary nodules. Thorax 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207770.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Shinto AS, Kamaleshwaran KK, Chakraborty S, Vyshakh K, Thirumalaisamy SG, Karthik S, Nagaprabhu VN, Vimalnath KV, Das T, Banerjee S. Radiosynovectomy of Painful Synovitis of Knee Joints Due to Rheumatoid Arthritis by Intra-Articular Administration of (177)Lu-Labeled Hydroxyapatite Particulates: First Human Study and Initial Indian Experience. World J Nucl Med 2015; 14:81-8. [PMID: 26097417 PMCID: PMC4455177 DOI: 10.4103/1450-1147.153908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of Radiosynovectomy (RSV) using 177Lu-labeled hydroxyapatite (177Lu-HA) in the treatment of painful synovitis and recurrent joint effusion of knee joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ten patients, diagnosed with RA and suffering from chronic painful resistant synovitis of the knee joints were referred for RSV. The joints were treated with 333 ± 46 MBq of 177Lu-HA particles administered intra-articularly. Monitoring of activity distribution was performed by static imaging of knee joint and whole-body gamma imaging. The patients were evaluated clinically before RSV and at 6 months after the treatment by considering the pain improvement from baseline values in terms of a 100-point visual analog scale (VAS), the improvement of knee flexibility and the pain remission during the night. RSV response was classified as poor (VAS < 25), fair (VAS ≥ 25-50), good (VAS ≥ 50-75) and excellent (VAS ≥ 75), with excellent and good results considered to be success, while fair and poor as failure and also by range of motion. Three phase bone scan (BS) was repeated after 6 months and changes in the second phase of BS3 were assessed visually, using a four-degree scale and in the third phase, semiquantitatively with J/B ratio to see the response. Biochemical analysis of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen was repeated after 48 h, 4 and 24 weeks. In all 10 patients, no leakage of administered activity to nontarget organs was visible in the whole-body scan. Static scans of the joint at 1 month revealed complete retention of 177Lu-HA in the joints. All patients showed decreased joint swelling and pains, resulting in increased joint motion after 6 months. The percentage of VAS improvement from baseline values was 79.5 ± 20.0% 6 months after RS and found to be significantly related to patients' age (P = 0.01) and duration of the disease (P = 0.03). Knees with Steinbrocker's Grades 0 and I responded better than those with more advanced changes (Steinbrocker's Grades III and IV) in terms of VAS improvement (75% vs. 45.8%) (P < 0.001). The overall success rate (VAS ≥ 50) was 80%. Remission of pain during the night was achieved in 100%, and knee flexibility was improved in 80%. The changes in the blood pool phase before RSV were 3.2 ± 0.7 and after the therapy 1.4 ± 0.7 (P < 0.001). The J/B ratio was: Before RSV 2.4 ± 0.3; after treatment 1.0 ± 0.2 (P < 0.05). CRP concentration 4 and 24 weeks after the therapy was significantly lower than before treatment. The fibrinogen level was not different before and after RSV. RSV side-effects assessed for the whole follow-up period were minor and not significant. RSV with 177Lu-HA was safe and effective in patients with knee joint chronic painful synovitis of rheumatoid origin. It exhibited significant therapeutic effect after 6 months follow-up period with no significant side-effects. The preliminary investigations reveal that 177Lu-labeled HA particles hold considerable promise as a cost-effective agent for RSV. More elaborate and controlled clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the agent compared with the treatment with other radionuclides and glucocorticosteroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit S Shinto
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, KMCH, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sudipta Chakraborty
- Department of Isotopes Applications and Radiopharmaceuticals Division, BARC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Vyshakh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, KMCH, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - S Karthik
- Department of S.K. Global Ortho and Trauma Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V N Nagaprabhu
- Department of Rheumatology, PSGIMSR, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K V Vimalnath
- Department of Isotopes Applications and Radiopharmaceuticals Division, BARC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Department of Isotopes Applications and Radiopharmaceuticals Division, BARC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sharmila Banerjee
- Department of Isotopes Applications and Radiopharmaceuticals Division, BARC, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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