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Boden SA, McIntosh RA, Uauy C, Krattinger SG, Dubcovsky J, Rogers WJ, Xia XC, Badaeva ED, Bentley AR, Brown-Guedira G, Caccamo M, Cattivelli L, Chhuneja P, Cockram J, Contreras-Moreira B, Dreisigacker S, Edwards D, González FG, Guzmán C, Ikeda TM, Karsai I, Nasuda S, Pozniak C, Prins R, Sen TZ, Silva P, Simkova H, Zhang Y. Updated guidelines for gene nomenclature in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 2023; 136:72. [PMID: 36952017 PMCID: PMC10036449 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Here, we provide an updated set of guidelines for naming genes in wheat that has been endorsed by the wheat research community. The last decade has seen a proliferation in genomic resources for wheat, including reference- and pan-genome assemblies with gene annotations, which provide new opportunities to detect, characterise, and describe genes that influence traits of interest. The expansion of genetic information has supported growth of the wheat research community and catalysed strong interest in the genes that control agronomically important traits, such as yield, pathogen resistance, grain quality, and abiotic stress tolerance. To accommodate these developments, we present an updated set of guidelines for gene nomenclature in wheat. These guidelines can be used to describe loci identified based on morphological or phenotypic features or to name genes based on sequence information, such as similarity to genes characterised in other species or the biochemical properties of the encoded protein. The updated guidelines provide a flexible system that is not overly prescriptive but provides structure and a common framework for naming genes in wheat, which may be extended to related cereal species. We propose these guidelines be used henceforth by the wheat research community to facilitate integration of data from independent studies and allow broader and more efficient use of text and data mining approaches, which will ultimately help further accelerate wheat research and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Boden
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064 Australia
| | - R. A. McIntosh
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Plant Breeding Institute, 107 Cobbitty Road, Cobbitty, NSW 2570 Australia
| | - C. Uauy
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - S. G. Krattinger
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Dubcovsky
- Department of Plant Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - W. J. Rogers
- Departamento de Biología Aplicada, Facultad de Agronomía (CIISAS, CIC-BIOLAB AZUL, CONICET-INBIOTEC, CRESCA), Universidad Nacional del Centro de La Provincia de Buenos Aires, Av. República Italia 780, C.C. 47, (7300), Azul, Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - X. C. Xia
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South St, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - E. D. Badaeva
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 119991
| | - A. R. Bentley
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo Postal 6-641, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Brown-Guedira
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research, North Carolina State University, William Hall 4114A, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Caccamo
- NIAB, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - L. Cattivelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Via S. Protaso, 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda, PC Italy
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - P. Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004 India
| | - J. Cockram
- NIAB, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - S. Dreisigacker
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo Postal 6-641, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009 Australia
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - F. G. González
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), EEA Pergamino, y Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CITNOBA, CONICET-UNNOBA-UNSADA), Ruta 32. Km 4.5, CP 2700, Pergamino, Buenos Aires Argentina
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Guzmán
- Department of Genetics, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - T. M. Ikeda
- Agroecosystem and Crop Breeding Group, Western Region Agricultural Research Center, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 721-8514 Japan
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - I. Karsai
- Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, 2462 Martonvasar, Hungary
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Nasuda
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8224 Japan
| | - C. Pozniak
- Crop Development Centre and Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8 Canada
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Prins
- CenGen Pty Ltd., Worcester, 6850 South Africa
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602 South Africa
| | - T. Z. Sen
- Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA
- The Wheat Initiative, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - P. Silva
- Programa Nacional de Cultivos de Secano, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, 70006 Colonia, Uruguay
| | - H. Simkova
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 31, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Y. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
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Gyawali YP, Nasuda S, Endo TR. A cytological map of the short arm of rye chromosome 1R constructed with 1R dissection stocks of common wheat and PCR-based markers. Cytogenet Genome Res 2010; 129:224-33. [PMID: 20551617 DOI: 10.1159/000314556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The short arm of rye chromosome 1R (1RS) is introduced into many common wheat cultivars because of its agronomic importance. The gametocidal system has been used to produce dissection lines carrying segments of rye chromosome 1R. We focused on establishing more dissection lines for 1RS and on obtaining PCR-based markers specific to 1RS. We established 66 1RS dissection lines carrying 1RS segments of chromosome 1R derived from a common wheat cultivar 'Burgas 2' and obtained 27 markers. We conducted a PCR analysis using the dissection lines and markers, and divided 1RS into 17 regions separated by the breakpoints. Comparison of the 'Burgas 2' 1RS map with another map of 1RS derived from 'Imperial' rye implied a restructuring between the 2 1RS chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Gyawali
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
The satellite sequences (AGGGAG)(n) and Ty3/gypsy-like retrotransposons are known to localize at the barley centromeres. Using a gametocidal system, which induces chromosomal mutations in barley chromosomes added to common wheat, we obtained an isochromosome for the short arm of barley chromosome 7H (7HS) that lacked the barley-specific satellite sequence (AGGGAG)(n). Two telocentric derivatives of the isochromosome arose in the progeny: 7HS* with and 7HS** without the pericentromeric C-band. FISH analysis demonstrated that both telosomes lacked not only the barley-specific centromeric (AGGGAG)(n) repeats and retroelements but also any of the known wheat centromeric tandem repeats, including the 192-bp, 250-bp, and TaiI sequences. Although they lacked these centromeric repeats, 7HS* and 7HS** both showed normal mitotic and meiotic transmission. Translocation of barley centromeric repeats to a wheat chromosome 4A did not generate a dicentric chromosome. Indirect immunostaining revealed that all tested centromere-specific proteins (rice CENH3, maize CENP-C, and putative barley homologues of the yeast kinetochore proteins CBF5 and SKP1) and histone H3 phosphorylated at serines 10 and 28 localized at the centromeric region of 7HS*. We conclude that the barley centromeric repeats are neither sufficient nor obligatory to assemble kinetochores, and we discuss the possible formation of a novel centromere in a barley chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nasuda
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Kawabe A, Nasuda S. Structure and genomic organization of centromeric repeats in Arabidopsis species. Mol Genet Genomics 2004; 272:593-602. [PMID: 15586291 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-004-1081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2004] [Accepted: 10/05/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Centromeric repetitive sequences were isolated from Arabidopsis halleri ssp. gemmifera and A. lyrata ssp. kawasakiana. Two novel repeat families isolated from A. gemmifera were designated pAge1 and pAge2. These repeats are 180 bp in length and are organized in a head-to-tail manner. They are similar to the pAL1 repeats of A. thaliana and the pAa units of A. arenosa. Both A. gemmifera and A. kawasakiana possess the pAa, pAge1 and pAge2 repeat families. Sequence comparisons of different centromeric repeats revealed that these families share a highly conserved region of approximately 50 bp. Within each of the four repeat families, two or three regions showed low levels of sequence variation. The average difference in nucleotide sequence was approximately 10% within families and 30% between families, which resulted in clear distinctions between families upon phylogenetic analysis. FISH analysis revealed that the localization patterns for the pAa, pAge1 and pAge2 families were chromosome specific in A. gemmifera and A. kawasakiana. In one pair of chromosomes in A. gemmifera, and three pairs of chromosomes in A. kawasakiana, two repeat families were present. The presence of three families of centromeric repeats in A. gemmifera and A. kawasakiana indicates that the first step toward homogenization of centromeric repeats occurred at the chromosome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kawabe
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
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5
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Abstract
A gametocidal chromosome derived from Aegilops triuncialis (3C) induces chromosome mutations in gametes lacking the 3C chromosome in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). We combined 3C with chromosome 1R of rye (Secale cereale L.) in a common wheat line to know how efficiently 3C induces transfers of small 1R segments to wheat. In the 811 progeny of this wheat line, we found five wheat chromosomes (2A, 2D, 3D, 5D and 7D) carrying segments of the 1R satellite. Wheat plants carrying these translocations were tested for the presence of a storage protein locus Sec-1 and a cluster of resistance genes for wheat rust diseases, Sr31, Lr26 and Yr9. The 2A and 2D translocations had the Sec-1 and three rust resistance loci. The 3D and 5D translocations had Sr31, Lr26 and Yr9 but not Sec-1. The 7D translocation lacked Sec-1, Lr26 and Yr9, but the presence of Sr31 in this translocation was not determined. This showed that the translocation points fell into three regions of the 1R satellite, namely, proximal to Sec-1, between Sec-1 and the rust resistance loci, and distal to the rust resistance loci. Thus, the 3C gametocidal system was demonstrated to be effective in transferring small rye chromosome segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Masoudi-Nejad
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
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6
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Abstract
We conducted AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) analysis with the six wheat-barley chromosome addition lines of common wheat cultivar Chinese Spring. We analyzed the AFLP fingerprints generated by 36 combinations of selective-amplification primers to find 103 markers specific to the barley chromosomes (2.9 markers per combination on average). The numbers of AFLP markers mapped to the barley chromosomes varied (one to 16) depending of the primer combinations. Each barley chromosome had 10 to 27 AFLP markers (17.2 markers on average). We identified the chromosome arms in which these markers are located using the barley telocentric addition lines (one to 20 markers per chromosome arm). The AFLP markers were not distributed evenly among chromosomes and chromosome arms. We could not determine the chromosome-arm locations for some of the barley-specific markers, either because such markers were found in both the short- and long-arm telocentric lines, or in neither line.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Serizawa
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
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7
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Zhang H, Nasuda S, Endo TR. Identification of AFLP markers on the satellite region of chromosome 1BS in wheat. Genome 2000; 43:729-35. [PMID: 11081961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The satellite region on the short arm of chromosome 1B in wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42) carries many agronomically important genes; i.e., genes conferring fungal disease resistance, seed storage proteins, and fertility restoration. To find molecular markers located on the satellite region, we applied the fluorescent AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) technique to aneuploids and deletion stocks of the cultivar T. aestivum 'Chinese Spring'. Out of 6017 fragments amplified with 80 primer combinations in normal 'Chinese Spring', 24 were assigned to 1BS. Twelve of them clustered within a small region of the satellite known to be rich in RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) markers. AFLPs in 1BS and in the whole genome were calculated between 'Chinese Spring' and T. spelta var. duhamelianum. The polymorphism rates in the satellite region (58.3%) and in the 1BS arm (45.8%) were much higher than the average rate for the whole genome (10.7%). Seven of the 12 AFLP markers in the satellite region were revealed to be specific to 'Chinese Spring' and could potentially be useful for genetic mapping in a segregation population of 'Chinese Spring' x T. spelta.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
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8
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Nasuda S, Friebe B, Gill BS. Gametocidal genes induce chromosome breakage in the interphase prior to the first mitotic cell division of the male gametophyte in wheat. Genetics 1998; 149:1115-24. [PMID: 9611219 PMCID: PMC1460171 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/149.2.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Male gametogenesis was cytologically analyzed in wheat lines homozygous or hemizygous for gametocidal (Gc) factors with different modes of action. The first and second meiotic divisions in all lines were cytologically normal. The postmeiotic mitoses were normal in the homozygous lines; however, chromosome fragments and bridges were observed in the mitoses of the hemizygous lines. The morphology of the chromosome fragments suggests that the Gc genes induce chromosome breaks in the G1 phase prior to DNA synthesis of the first postmeiotic mitosis. The age of an anther was correlated with the frequency of aberrant second mitosis. Younger anthers contained a higher number of pollen undergoing normal second mitosis. This observation suggests that the arresting of the cell cycle occurs as the result of chromosome breaks during the first mitosis. Because chromosome bridges were more frequent than fragments in the second mitosis, breakage-fusion-bridge cycles possibly occurred during gametogenesis, which led to further chromosomal rearrangements. The Gc factors located on chromosomes 2S of Aegilops speltoides and 4Ssh of Ae. sharonensis induce severe chromosome breakage in pollen lacking them. However, the Gc factor on telosome 2CcL of Ae. cylindrica only induced chromosome breaks at a low frequency. The observed partial fertility of Gc lines is presumably due to cell cycle arrest and the competition among gametes with and without chromosome breakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nasuda
- Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-5502, USA
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9
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Abstract
The structural genes for the omega-secalins of rye (Secale cereale) are located in the Sec-1 locus on the short arm of rye chromosome 1R. We applied PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to detect the Sec-1 locus in a wheat genomic background. A primer set we designed based on a published sequence of a omega-secalin gene amplified not only the omega-secalin sequence, but also a putative omega-gliadin sequence. We determined partial sequences of both PCR-amplified fragments and designed different primers for the specific amplification of the omega-secalin sequence. One of the new primer sets amplified DNA fragments only in rye and wheat lines carrying chromosome 1R or telosome 1RS; no amplification occurred in either euploid wheats or 1RS deletion lines. This PCR-based method would provide efficient screening for the Sec-1 locus in progeny of wheat lines carrying chromosome 1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shimizu
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
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10
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Jiang J, Nasuda S, Dong F, Scherrer CW, Woo SS, Wing RA, Gill BS, Ward DC. A conserved repetitive DNA element located in the centromeres of cereal chromosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:14210-3. [PMID: 8943086 PMCID: PMC19519 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.24.14210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Repetitive DNA sequences have been demonstrated to play an important role for centromere function of eukaryotic chromosomes, including those from fission yeast, Drosophila melanogaster, and humans. Here we report on the isolation of a repetitive DNA element located in the centromeric regions of cereal chromosomes. A 745-bp repetitive DNA clone pSau3A9, was isolated from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). This DNA element is located in the centromeric regions of all sorghum chromosomes, as demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Repetitive DNA sequences homologous to pSau3A9 also are present in the centromeric regions of chromosomes from other cereal species, including rice, maize, wheat, barley, rye, and oats. Probe pSau3A9 also hybridized to the centromeric region of B chromosomes from rye and maize. The repetitive nature and its conservation in distantly related plant species indicate that the pSau3A9 family may be associated with centromere function of cereal chromosomes. The absence of DNA sequences homologous to pSau3A9 in dicot species suggests a faster divergence of centromererelated sequences compared with the telomere-related sequences in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jiang
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
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Gill KS, Nasuda S, Gill BS. Isolation, cloning and gel blot analysis of high molecular weight wheat DNA. Biotechniques 1996; 21:572-3, 576. [PMID: 8891201 DOI: 10.2144/96214bm01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K S Gill
- Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA.
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12
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Delaney DE, Nasuda S, Endo TR, Gill BS, Hulbert SH. Cytologically based physical maps of the group 3 chromosomes of wheat. Theor Appl Genet 1995; 91:780-782. [PMID: 24169916 DOI: 10.1007/bf00220959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/1995] [Accepted: 03/31/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cytologically based physical maps for the group 3 chromosomes of wheat were constructed by mapping 25 Triticum aestivum deletion lines with 29 T. tauschii and T. aestivum RFLP probes. The deletion lines divide chromosomes 3A, 3B, and 3D into 31 discrete intervals, of which 18 were tagged by marker loci. The comparison of the consensus physical map with a consensus RFLP linkage map of the group 3 chromosomes of wheat revealed a fairly even distribution of marker loci on the long arm, and higher recombination in the distal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Delaney
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 4024 Throckmorton Hall, 66506, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Delaney DE, Nasuda S, Endo TR, Gill BS, Hulbert SH. Cytologically based physical maps of the group-2 chromosomes of wheat. Theor Appl Genet 1995; 91:568-573. [PMID: 24169882 DOI: 10.1007/bf00223281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/1994] [Accepted: 01/27/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have constructed cytologically based physical maps (CBPMs), depicting the chromosomal distribution of RFLP markers, of the group-2 chromosomes of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell). Twenty-one homozygous deletion lines for 2A, 2B, and 2D were used to allocate RFLP loci to 19 deletion-interval regions. A consensus CBPM was colinearily aligned with a consensus genetic map of group-2 chromosomes. The comparison revealed greater frequency of recombination in the distal regions. Several molecularly tagged chromosome regions were identified which may be within the resolving power of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The CBPMs show that the available probes completely mark the group-2 chromosomes, and landmark loci for sub-arm regions were identified for targeted-mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Delaney
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 66506, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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14
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Nasuda S, Liu YG, Sakamoto A, Nakayama T, Iwabuchi M, Tsunewaki K. Chromosomal locations of the genes for histones and a histone gene-binding protein family HBP-1 in common wheat. Plant Mol Biol 1993; 22:603-614. [PMID: 8343598 DOI: 10.1007/bf00047401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The chromosomal locations of the genes in common wheat that encode the five histones and five members of the HBP (histone gene-binding protein)-1 family were determined by hybridizing their cloned DNAs to genomic DNAs of nullitetrasomic and telosomic lines of common wheat, Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring. The H1 and H2a genes are located on different sets of homoeologous chromosomes or chromosome arms, namely, 5A, 5B and 5D, and 2AS, 2BS and 2DS, respectively. Genes for the other histones, H2b, H3 and H4, are found in high copy number and are dispersed among a large number of chromosomes. The genes for all members of the HBP-1 family are present in small copy numbers. Those for HBP-1a(1) are located on six chromosome arms, 3BL, 5AL, 5DL, 6AL, 6BS and 7DL, whereas those for each HBP-1a(c14), 1a(17), 1b(c1), and 1b(c38) are on a single set of homoeologous chromosome arms; 4AS, 4BL, 4DL; 6AS, 6BS, 6DS; 3AL, 3BL, 3DL; and 3AS, 3BS, 3DS, respectively. The genes for histones H1 and H2a, and for all members of the HBP-1 family except HBP-1a(1) are assumed to have different phylogenetic origins. The genes for histone 2a and HBP-1a(17) are located in the RFLP maps of chromosomes 2B and 6A, respectively. Gene symbols are proposed for all genes whose chromosomal locations have been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nasuda
- Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
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