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Terrones-Fernandez I, Casino P, López A, Peiró S, Ríos S, Nardi-Ricart A, García-Montoya E, Asensio D, Marqués AM, Castilla R, Gamez-Montero PJ, Piqué N. Improvement of the Pour Plate Method by Separate Sterilization of Agar and Other Medium Components and Reduction of the Agar Concentration. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0316122. [PMID: 36625633 PMCID: PMC9927588 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03161-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the pour plate method is widely employed in microbiological quality control, it has certain drawbacks, including having to melt the culture medium before seeding. In this study, the preparation of the culture medium was modified by using a lower concentration of agar (10 g/L), which was separated from the nutrients during sterilization. The new protocol was assessed in media frequently used in microbiological quality control of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products, with tryptic soy agar (TSA), Sabouraud 4% dextrose agar (SDA), and violet red bile glucose agar (VRBG). In comparison with the conventionally produced media, the modifications significantly improved the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in SDA, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Candida albicans in TSA and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and ATCC 25922 and S. Typhimurium in VRBG. The modified VRBG was also more selective for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Regarding physicochemical properties, a significantly lower pH was observed in TSA and VRBG and lower strength values in TSA. Sterilizing agar separately from the other components of the medium and reducing the agar concentration to 10 g/L can improve microorganism growth and enhance the selectivity of differential media in the pour plate method. These modifications could facilitate the automation of this culture technique. IMPORTANCE In the era of rapid microbiological methods, there is a need to improve long-established culture techniques. Drawbacks of the pour plate method include having to melt each medium separately before seeding. For this technique, we demonstrate that separating the agar from the other components of commonly used media during sterilization and reducing the agar concentration to 10 g/L can enhance microbial growth. The new protocol could have advantages in routine laboratory practice because less agar is required and the same molten agar suspension can be used to prepare different media. Moreover, these modifications could facilitate the automation of the pour plate method.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Terrones-Fernandez
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CATMech. Department of Fluid Mechanics, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P. Casino
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A. López
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S. Peiró
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S. Ríos
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Biology Faculty, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A. Nardi-Ricart
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - E. García-Montoya
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - D. Asensio
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A. M. Marqués
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - R. Castilla
- CATMech. Department of Fluid Mechanics, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P. J. Gamez-Montero
- CATMech. Department of Fluid Mechanics, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Catalonia, Spain
| | - N. Piqué
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària de la UB (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Torrico M, Casino P, López A, Peiró S, Ríos M, Ríos S, Montes MJ, Guillén C, Nardi-Ricart A, García-Montoya E, Asensio D, Marqués AM, Piqué N. Improvement of Mueller-Kauffman Tetrathionate-Novobiocin (MKTTn) enrichment medium for the detection of Salmonella enterica by the addition of ex situ-generated tetrathionate. J Microbiol Methods 2022; 199:106524. [PMID: 35732231 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The detection of Salmonella in food is based on the use of a selective enrichment broth such as Muller-Kauffman Tetrathionate-Novobiocin (MKTTn), in which tetrathionate plays a key role by providing Salmonella with a growth advantage. As sodium tetrathionate is unstable, it is generated in situ by the addition of iodine (Lugol's solution) before seeding. This step is cumbersome as the solution is easily spilled, compromising the performance of the medium and hindering the work of technicians. The aim of this study was to optimize MKTTn broth by generating tetrathionate ex situ through an external reaction between iodine and thiosulphate followed by lyophilization. Quality control procedures were performed to compare the modified and original media, testing pure productivity (enrichment with 50-120 CFU of Salmonella Thyphimurim ATCC 14028 and Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076 and plating on Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar, XLD), mixed productivity (50-120 CFU of Salmonella strains and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli at ≥104 CFU and XLD plating) and selectivity (≥104 CFU of P. aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis and plating on Tryptone Casein Soy agar, TSA). The modified MKTTn medium (S/L) performed comparably with the original medium in terms of growth of both Salmonella strains (>300 colonies in XLD), alone or with P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Quantitative assays showed no statistically significant differences in the number of colonies grown on XLD after 10-5 dilution (p = 0.7015 with S. Thyphimurim ATCC 14028 and p = 0.2387 with S. enteritidis ATCC 13076; ANOVA test). MKTTn medium (S/L) was also selective against E. coli (≤100 colonies) and E. faecalis (<10 colonies). These results suggest that adding tetrathionate as a lyophilisate (S/L) is a feasible alternative to the use of Lugol's solution for the preparation of MKTTn enrichment broth and does not affect the properties of the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Torrico
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD). Josep Tura, 9H, polígon industrial Mas d'en Cisa, 08181 Sentmenat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P Casino
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD). Josep Tura, 9H, polígon industrial Mas d'en Cisa, 08181 Sentmenat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A López
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD). Josep Tura, 9H, polígon industrial Mas d'en Cisa, 08181 Sentmenat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Peiró
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD). Josep Tura, 9H, polígon industrial Mas d'en Cisa, 08181 Sentmenat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M Ríos
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Biology Faculty, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Ríos
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Biology Faculty, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M J Montes
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Guillén
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A Nardi-Ricart
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - E García-Montoya
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology research group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - D Asensio
- Department of Quality Control, Reactivos para Diagnóstico, S.L. (RPD). Josep Tura, 9H, polígon industrial Mas d'en Cisa, 08181 Sentmenat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A M Marqués
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - N Piqué
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària de la UB (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Martínez-Francés V, Rivera D, Obon C, Alcaraz F, Ríos S. Medicinal Plants in Traditional Herbal Wines and Liquors in the East of Spain and the Balearic Islands. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:713414. [PMID: 34658855 PMCID: PMC8513779 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.713414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homemade herbal preparations from the East of Spain are the witness of traditional medicine inherited from the ancient complex formulas of herbal teas and medicinal wines. In this study, we document the use of traditional alcoholic beverages, identify their ingredients, almost exclusively botanical, record the local medicinal uses of these mixtures, and discuss patterns of distribution of this knowledge in regions of eastern Spain, the Balearic Islands and Andorra. We determine marker species and relevant patterns of herbal formulas in the different regions of the territory. Homemade liquors and liqueurs are consumed for their digestive and tonic-restorative properties but they also play in some cases an important social role. The elderly remember other medicinal uses such as aperitif, emmenagogue, or antidiarrheal, for some of the most popular preparations. The herbal liqueur formulas include predominantly Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, and Apiaceae species. Herbs (58%), fruits (28%), and mixtures of both (12%) are ingredients of liquors and wines, being the aerial parts the most frequent in terms of species (30%) and records (49%). Dictamnus hispanicus, Santolina villosa, Salvia blancoana subsp. mariolensis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, and Clinopodium serpyllifolium subsp. fruticosum are the species most frequently used. Others species used to a lesser extent as Polygonatum odoratum, Thymus moroderi, and Saxifraga longifolia are restricted to locally homemade preparations because their collection and uses require special knowledge of the rare or endemic flora. Sustainability of these practices is strongly limited by the overall loss of local traditional knowledge and by the limited availability of most of the wild species; some of them are endangered or threatened mainly by the loss of their natural habitats. Cultivation and domestication are a promising alternative to collecting from wild populations. The cultivation of Thymus moroderi in the province of Alicante and Polygonatum odoratum in the province of Teruel are good examples. There is a notable decrease in the complexity of the formulas registered throughout the nearly 15 years of the study. This is interpreted as a consequence of a loss of knowledge, less accessibility to wild resources, and changes in traditions and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Martínez-Francés
- Biological Research Station-Botanical Garden of Torretes, Institute of Biodiversity CIBIO, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - D Rivera
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - C Obon
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO), EPSO, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - F Alcaraz
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - S Ríos
- Biological Research Station-Botanical Garden of Torretes, Institute of Biodiversity CIBIO, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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Martínez-Francés V, Rivera D, Heinrich M, Obón C, Ríos S. An ethnopharmacological and historical analysis of "Dictamnus", a European traditional herbal medicine. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 175:390-406. [PMID: 26387739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE AND BACKGROUND "Dictamnus" was a popular name for a group of medicinal herbaceous plant species of the Rutaceae and Lamiaceae, which since the 4th century have been used for gynaecological problems and other illnesses BCE and still appear in numerous ethnobotanical records. AIMS This research has as four overarching aims: Determining the historical evolution of medical preparations labelled "Dictamnus" and the different factors affecting this long-standing herbal tradition. Deciphering and differentiating those medicinal uses of "Dictamnus" which strictly correspond to Dictamnus (Rutaceae), from those of Origanum dictamnus and other Lamiaceae species. Quantitatively assessing the dependence from herbal books, and pharmaceutical tradition, of modern Dictamnus ethnobotanical records. Determining whether differences between Western and Eastern Europe exist with regards to the Dictamnus albus uses in ethnopharmacology and ethnomedicine. METHODS An exhaustive review of herbals, classical pharmacopoeias, ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological literature was conducted. Systematic analysis of uses reported which were standardized according to International Classification of Diseases - 10 and multivariate analysis using factorial, hierarchical and neighbour joining methods was undertaken. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The popular concept "Dictamnus" includes Origanum dictamnus L., Ballota pseudodictamnus (L.) Benth. and B. acetabulosa (L.) Benth. (Lamiaceae), as well as Dictamnus albus L. and D. hispanicus Webb ex Willk. (Rutaceae), with 86 different types of uses. Between 1000 and 1700 CE numerous complex preparations with "Dictamnus" were used in the treatment of 35 different pathologies. On biogeographical grounds the widespread D. albus is a far more likely prototypical "Dictamnus" than the Cretan endemic Origanum dictamnus. However both form integral parts of the "Dictamnus" complex. Evidence exists for a sufficiently long and coherent tradition for D. albus and D. hispanicus, use to treat 47 different categories of diseases. CONCLUSIONS This approach is a model for understanding the cultural history of plants and their role as resources for health care. "Dictamnus" shows how transmission of traditional knowledge about materia medica, over 26 centuries, represents remarkable levels of development and innovation. All this lead us to call attention to D. albus and D. hispanicus which are highly promising as potential herbal drug leads. The next steps of research should be to systematically analyse phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical evidence and to develop safety, pharmacology and toxicology profiles of the traditional preparations.
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MESH Headings
- Dictamnus
- Ethnopharmacology
- Europe
- History, 15th Century
- History, 16th Century
- History, 17th Century
- History, 18th Century
- History, 19th Century
- History, 20th Century
- History, 21st Century
- History, Ancient
- History, Medieval
- Humans
- Medicine, Traditional/history
- Phytotherapy/history
- Plant Preparations/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- V Martínez-Francés
- Biological Research Station - Botanical Garden of Torretes, Institute of Biodiversity CIBIO, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
| | - D Rivera
- Department Plant Biology (Botany), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - M Heinrich
- Research Cluster Biodiversity and Medicines/Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - C Obón
- Depto. De Biología Aplicada, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela. Ctra. Beniel, Km 3,2. Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain.
| | - S Ríos
- Biological Research Station - Botanical Garden of Torretes, Institute of Biodiversity CIBIO, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
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Nurra C, Torras C, Clavero E, Ríos S, Rey M, Lorente E, Farriol X, Salvadó J. Biorefinery concept in a microalgae pilot plant. Culturing, dynamic filtration and steam explosion fractionation. Bioresour Technol 2014; 163:136-142. [PMID: 24801364 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A 53 m(3) microalgae pilot plant with semi-closed photobioreactors has been operated in batch mode at Tarragona, where proper climatic conditions exist. Operations carried-out were microalgae culturing, concentration, cell disruption and lipid extraction. Culturing was performed with and without CO2 fertilization. pH was used to control CO2 dosing. With CO2 fertilization best microalgae concentrations were obtained. Productivities up to 19.9 g/m(2)/day were reached. Although sedimentation and centrifugation was performed, studies focused on dynamic membrane filtration as improved technique compared with conventional one. Significant fouling reduction was obtained by using a vibrational membrane setup. Cell disruption including product pre-extraction was performed by using steam explosion at moderate conditions, as novel technique for this application. Lipid extraction was performed by using conventional techniques with and without exploded material. The amount of lipids obtained from exploded material was higher than with non-exploded material, which shows that steam explosion provides a clear enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nurra
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Torras
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - E Clavero
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Ríos
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M Rey
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - E Lorente
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - X Farriol
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J Salvadó
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, Marcel·lí Domingo 2, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain; Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Pérez-Rodríguez C, Ríos S, Martín IR, Martín LL, Haro-González P, Jaque D. Upconversion emission obtained in Yb(3+)-Er(3+) doped fluoroindate glasses using silica microspheres as focusing lens. Opt Express 2013; 21:10667-10675. [PMID: 23669923 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.010667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An intensity enhancement of the green upconversion emission from a codoped Er(3+)-Yb(3+) fluoroindate glass has been obtained by coating the glass surface with silica microspheres (3.8 µm diameter). The microspheres focus an incoming beam (λ ≈ 950 nm) on the surface of the fluoroindate glass. The green emission (λ ≈ 545 nm) of the Er(3+) ions located in the microsphere focus was measured with a microscope in reflection mode, being the peak intensity 4.5 times the emission of the bare substrate. The transversal FWHM of the upconversion spot was experimentally determined by deconvolution with the experimental Point Spread Function of the system, obtaining a value of 309 nm. This value is in good agreement with Finite-Difference Time-Domain simulations taking into account the magnification of the image due to the microsphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pérez-Rodríguez
- Dpto Física Fundamental y Experimental, Electrónica y Sistemas, Universidad de La Laguna, Av Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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Martinez-Galan J, Torres-Torres B, Delgado J, Núñez M, Ríos S. 27P Quantitative Analysis by Real-Time Pcr for ESR1 Gene Copy Number in Serum in Breast Cancer Samples. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(19)65673-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Martínez-Galan J, Torres-Torres B, Del Moral R, Núñez MI, Ríos S, Ballesteros P, Delgado JR. Methylation RE in serum of patients with breast cancer and relation with molecular phenotype and worse prognostic factors. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.27_suppl.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
224 Background: To determine whether Estrogen Receptor (ESR1) (+) and ESR1(-) status relates to epigenetic changes in breast cancer-related genes and to correlate with molecular breast cancer subtypes. Methods: Since January/02 to June/05, we quantified methylation levels ERS1 gene in serum of 92 pts breast cancer. A PCR quantitative technique was used to analyze levels of methylation gene. We also examined and correlationed the expression of ESR1 in tumors by immunohistochemistry with molecular phenotype. Results: Median age was 58 years (32-88); 69% were postmenopausal women. Nodal involvement (N0; 63%, N1; 30%, N2; 7%), tumor size (T1; 58%, T2; 35%, T3; 4%, T4; 4%) and grade (G1; 20%, G2; 37%, G3; 30%). Of the cases, 37 pts (40%) were Luminal A (LA), 32 pts (33%) Luminal B (LB), 14 pts (15%) Triple-negative (TN) and 9pts (10%) HER2+. The methylated ESR1 in serum was significantly associated with ESR1(-) in breast tumors >80% (p=0.0179). Methylation ESR1 was preferably associated with TN (80%) and HER2+ (60%) subtype. Nevertheless unmethylation ESR1 was found more frequently in LA (71%) and LB (59%) phenotype. With a median follow up of 5 years, we found worse overall survival (OS) with more frequent ESR1 methylation gene (p>0.05), Luminal A; ESR1 Methylation OS at 5 years 81% vs 93% when was ESR1 Unmethylation. Luminal B; ESR1 Methylation 86% SG at 5 years vs 92% in Unmethylation ESR1. Triple negative; ESR1 Methylation SG at 5 years 75% vs 80% in unmethylation ESR1. HER2; ESR1 Methylation SG at 5 years was 66.7% vs 75% unmethylation ESR1. Conclusions: Gene promoter region hypermethylation is a significant event in primary breast cancer. However, its impact on tumor progression and potential predictive implications remain relatively unknown. Our study identifies the presence of variations in global levels of methylation promoters ESR1 genes in breast cancer with different phenotype classes and shows that these differences have clinical significance. Although numerous issues remain to be resolved, quantitative measurement of circulating methylated DNA may be of significance in the assessment and search of targeted therapy resistance related to ESR1 and HER2 status by epigenetic or transcriptional cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Martínez-Galan
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterapia, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - B. Torres-Torres
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterapia, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - R. Del Moral
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterapia, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - M. I. Núñez
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterapia, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - S. Ríos
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterapia, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - P. Ballesteros
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterapia, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - J. R. Delgado
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Oncología Radioterapia, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Radiología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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Martínez-Galan J, Delgado JR, Torres-Torres B, Del Moral R, Ballesteros P, Ortega JA, Peñalver J, Garcia J, Ríos S, Núñez MI. The prognostic value of hypermethilation 14-3-3 sigma promoter in breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e13577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ríos S. Observation of the second percolation threshold during recrystallization in amorphous pyrochlore. Acta Crystallogr A 2006. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767306096085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Soto M, Acosta E, Ríos S. Performance analysis of curvature sensors: optimum positioning of the measurement planes. Opt Express 2003; 11:2577-2588. [PMID: 19471371 DOI: 10.1364/oe.11.002577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Curvature sensors are used to measure wave-front aberrations in a number of different applications ranging from adaptive optics to optical testing. In practice, their performance is limited not only by the quality of the detector used for irradiance measurements but also by the separation between measurement planes used for the calculation of the axial derivative of intensity. This work resolves the problem of determining the separation between intensity measurement planes thus optimizing the variance in experimental measurements. To do this, the variance of the local curvature of the phase will be analyzed as a function of the noise level in the measurements and the separation between planes. Moreover, error bounds will be established for experimental measurements.
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Alvarez-Otero E, Madariaga G, Peral I, Folcia CL, Ríos S. Structural study of the low-temperature phase of TlH2PO4 at 180 K. Acta Crystallogr B 2002; 58:750-9. [PMID: 12324687 DOI: 10.1107/s0108768102010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2001] [Accepted: 06/06/2002] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The low-temperature phase of TlH(2)PO(4) has been studied by X-ray diffraction. A structural model is proposed with space group P1. This model is compared with the structure of the antiferroelectric phase of TlD(2)PO(4) at room temperature to analyze the expected isomorphism at low temperature. Given the structural distortion of TlH(2)PO(4), such isomorphism present in the common high-temperature phase is not recovered in this phase. Through the analysis of the displacements of the PO(4) groups there is some evidence that the ordering of the H atoms responsible for the appearance of antiferroelectricity seems to be incomplete. An exhaustive study of the detected ferroelastic domains is also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Alvarez-Otero
- Materia Kondentsatuaren Fisika Saila, Zientzi-Fakultatea, Euskal-Herriko Unibertsitatea, 644 Postakutxa-48080, Bilbo, Euskadi, Spain
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Rodríguez JP, Montecinos L, Ríos S, Reyes P, Martínez J. Mesenchymal stem cells from osteoporotic patients produce a type I collagen-deficient extracellular matrix favoring adipogenic differentiation. J Cell Biochem 2000; 79:557-65. [PMID: 10996846 DOI: 10.1002/1097-4644(20001215)79:4<557::aid-jcb40>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), precursor cells resident in the bone marrow, have the capacity to differentiate into bone, cartilage, fat, and connective tissue. We have recently reported that MSCs from "healthy" donors differ from cells obtained from osteoporotic postmenopausal women in their proliferation rate, mitogenic response to osteogenic growth factors, and potential to mineralize. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that explain the differential capacity of MSCs derived from "healthy" control and osteoporotic postmenopausal women to support mineralization. In addition, we examined the factors that regulate the differentiation of osteoporotic cells into adipocytes. For this purpose, we isolated MSCs from bone marrow of donors and analyzed the synthesis and deposition of type I collagen, the main component of bone extracellular matrix, the time course of gelatinolytic activity expression, the deposition of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and the ability of cells to differentiate into adipocytes. Our results indicate that cells derived from osteoporotic donors synthesized 50% less type I collagen than normal cells and maintained higher levels of gelatinolytic activity under differentiation conditions (70% versus 15% after 14 days in culture). MSCs derived from osteoporotic women produced 60-65% less TGF-beta and expressed higher adipogenic capacity. We conclude that the capacity of MSCs derived from osteoporotic postmenopausal women to generate and maintain type I collagen-rich extracellular matrix is decreased, favoring their adipogenic differentiation. These observations may explain the decreased mineralization previously observed in these types of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Abstract
The crystal structure of the antiferroelectric phase of TlD2PO4, deuterated thallium dihydrogenphosphate, has been determined from single-crystal neutron diffraction data collected at room temperature. The para-antiferroelectric transition (T_c^d = 353 K) of TlD2PO4 is analysed from a structural point of view and compared with the phase transition of TlH2PO4 at TI
= 357 K, already characterized. The distinct phase sequences observed in the two compounds when decreasing temperature from that of the high-temperature prototype phase (prototype phase/room-temperature phase/low-temperature phase) are discussed and associated with the different ordering of the two crystallographically inequivalent H (D) atoms existing in the prototype phase.
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Acosta E, Bará S, Rama MA, Ríos S. Determination of phase mode components in terms of local wave-front slopes: an analytical approach. Opt Lett 1995; 20:1083-1085. [PMID: 19859432 DOI: 10.1364/ol.20.001083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An analytical formulation that relates the modal expansion coefficients of a given wave front to its local transverse phase derivatives is proposed. The modal coefficients are calculated as a weighted integral over the wave-front slopes. The weighting functions for each mode are the components of a two-dimensional vector whose divergence equals the corresponding mode function. This approach is useful for analytical phase reconstruction from the input data provided by shearing interferometers or Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensors. Numerical results for a simulated experiment in terms of a set of Zernike polynomials are given.
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Ríos S, Pedregosa AM, Fernández Monistrol I, Laborda F. Purification and molecular properties of an alpha-galactosidase synthesized and secreted by Aspergillus nidulans. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1993; 112:35-41. [PMID: 8405947 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
alpha-Galactosidases from mycelial extract and culture filtrate of Aspergillus nidulans have been purified to homogeneity and utilised to obtain polyclonal antibodies anti-alpha-galactosidase. The enzymatic characteristics and the cross reactivity of the antibodies suggest that alpha-galactosidases isolated from the two sources were the same enzyme. Thus, A. nidulans synthesized and secreted only one enzymatic form of alpha-galactosidase which is a multimeric enzyme of 370 kDa composed of four monomers of 87 kDa and a pI of 6.3. The optimum temperature of activity was 50 degrees C and the optimum pH 4-5. The enzyme was stable over a wide range of pH but quite unstable to temperature. alpha-Galactosidase of A. nidulans is a very specific enzyme, it is active only on p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-galactoside (PNPG), melibiose and raffinose. When PNPG was utilised as substrate melibiose, raffinose, galactose and glucose were competitive inhibitors of the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ríos
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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