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Hashem M, AlMohaini RA, Alharbi TM, Aljurfi MM, Alzmamy SA, Alhussainan FS. Impact of Musculoskeletal Pain on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adults in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e57053. [PMID: 38681335 PMCID: PMC11051673 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is widely recognized as a prevalent public health issue that affects individuals of various genders and age groups. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of musculoskeletal pain on the quality of life (QoL) of adult individuals living in Saudi Arabia. Method This is a cross-sectional study using an online-administered questionnaire that was distributed via online platforms in Saudi Arabia for the duration between January and August 2023. Three questionnaire instruments were used in this study. The 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36), The 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L), and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of better QoL and having mild to moderate disability. Results A total of 8359 participants were involved in this study. The most commonly reported sites of musculoskeletal pain were the lower back, neck, and shoulder, accounting for 36.8% (n= 3072), 30.5% (n= 2549), and 30.1% (n= 2514), respectively. The mean pain score for the study participants was 4.3 (SD: 2.3), which indicates mild degree of pain. The median EQ-5D-5L index value for the study participants was 0.827 (0.756-1.00), which demonstrates a high quality of life. The mean SF-36 score for the study participants was 63.11 (17.4), which demonstrates moderate quality of life. The median Roland-Morris Disability score for the study participants was 1.00 (0.00-7.00), which demonstrates a low level of pain-related disability. Male gender, younger age (30-39 years), having higher education attainment, having higher monthly income (more than SAR 20000), and having lower BMI (less than 25.8 kg/cm2) were predictors of better QoL (p<0.05). Conclusion Musculoskeletal pain is a multifactorial condition influenced by structural, physical, psychological, social, lifestyle, and comorbid health elements. It ranges from acute to chronic pain and, despite rarely being fatal, has a significant impact on QoL. Musculoskeletal discomfort varies in terms of intensity, affected regions, and demographic and lifestyle factors. This study sheds light on the multifaceted nature of MSP, its impact on QoL, and the significance of early intervention and individualized management strategies to improve the QoL of those affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdi Hashem
- Surgery, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Turki Melfi Alharbi
- Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Muhamad Muslim Aljurfi
- Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Saad Abdullah Alzmamy
- Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
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Qutob RA, Alhusaini BA, Alzmamy SA, Alfozan OA, Alsaleh AA, Alhudayris FS, Alshuaibi LK, Almajed FA, Alghamdi AH, Alaryni A, Alammari YM, Al Harbi KM, AlHussaini KI, Alanazi AM, Hakami OA. Knowledge and Awareness About Risk Factors, Clinical Manifestations, and Prevention of Thyroid Disorders in the Era of COVID-19 and Their Association With Socioeconomic Status Among the General Population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e48878. [PMID: 38106726 PMCID: PMC10724758 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid dysfunction represents the most commonly observed endocrine illness within the population of Saudi Arabia. Thyroid cancer has been recognized as the second most commonly occurring malignant neoplasm among women in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, there is evidence suggesting that COVID-19 and, to a certain degree, immunization may have an impact on thyroid function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of public knowledge, awareness, and attitudes pertaining to the manifestations and risk factors of thyroid disease. Additionally, the study sought to examine the potential role of COVID-19 as a risk factor and explore preventive measures in the context of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted targeting the Saudi population living in Riyadh aged 18 years and older. A self-administered questionnaire constructed on Google Forms was distributed to the general population using an online platform. The questionnaire consisted of five sections: demographic data, risk factors for thyroid disorders, clinical manifestations, prevention, and history of thyroid disease. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of better knowledge of thyroid diseases. Results Among the 693 participants enrolled, 57.7% were female, and 31.7% were aged between 18 and 25 years. The overall mean knowledge score was 12.2 (SD = 6.57) out of 23 points. Poor knowledge of the risk factors, clinical manifestations, and prevention was observed in 50.4% of the participants. A total of 27.6% had moderate knowledge, and 22.1% had good knowledge levels. Furthermore, only 33.9% of the participants believed that COVID-19 infection was a risk factor. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals within the age range of 36-45 years, females, and students had a significantly higher level of knowledge compared to other participants (p<0.05). Conclusion This study revealed that the general population of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, lacked adequate knowledge, awareness, and attitudes regarding the risk factors, clinical symptoms, and prevention of thyroid problems. However, middle-aged individuals, females, and those who were enrolled as students showed a higher level of knowledge. Regarding the pathogenesis of COVID-19, it was observed that all participants had a limited understanding and a lack of awareness. Insufficient public awareness may result in misunderstandings, insufficient identification, and potential oversight of COVID-19-infected patients with thyroid dysfunction. Therefore, it is imperative that healthcare authorities intensify their efforts to broaden the dissemination of information throughout the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Abubakker Qutob
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Abdullah Hussien Alghamdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abdullah Alaryni
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Yousef Mohammed Alammari
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Khalid M Al Harbi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Khalid I AlHussaini
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Osamah Ahmad Hakami
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City in Holy Capital (KAMC-HC), Makkah, SAU
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Alghamdi A, Alsaleh AA, Alfozan OA, Qutob R, Alaryni A, Bukhari A, Hakami OA, Alhusaini BA, Alzmamy SA, Alhudayris FS, Alshuaibi LK, Alenazi AM, Alhosaini LS, Aljarba NK, AlShammari SH. Awareness, Attitude, and Beliefs Regarding Organ Donation Among the General Public in Saudi Arabia. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4973-4989. [PMID: 37928959 PMCID: PMC10625388 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s434589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Organ donation is a lifesaving option to rescue many patients with end-stage organ failure from possible morbidities and mortalities. Unfortunately, due to a shortage of donors, many patients suffering from their illnesses are waiting for an organ. This study aimed to determine the awareness, attitude, and beliefs toward organ donation among the Saudi population. Patients and Methods This is an online cross-sectional survey that was conducted in Saudi Arabia between July and September 2022. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the general public using an online platform. The questionnaire consists of two sections: the first is about demographic data, and the second is about questions to assess awareness, attitude, and beliefs regarding organ donation. The Chi-squared test was used to examine the differences in participants' awareness, attitude, and beliefs towards organ donation. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of a positive attitude towards organ donation. Results A total of 3507 individuals participated in this study. Around 68.1% were aged between 18 and 30 years. Twenty-four percent of them knew of the legislative body for organ donation; 58.5% believed that organ donation should be promoted; and 66.1% had a positive attitude toward donating body organs. Younger age (31-50 years), male gender, being unemployed or working in a government job, and being married were factors that decreased the likelihood of having a positive attitude towards organ donation. Conclusion Although there was a positive attitude and belief about organ donation, awareness was suboptimal. Younger age, male gender, being unemployed or working in a government job, and being married were factors that decreased the likelihood of having a positive attitude towards organ donation. It is necessary to address the gaps in knowledge, and social media as well as mass media may have an important role in bridging the gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Rayan Qutob
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alaryni
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Bukhari
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osamah A Hakami
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saad Abdullah Alzmamy
- Faculty of medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Lama Khalid Alshuaibi
- Faculty of medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahad Marei Alenazi
- Faculty of medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama Shaya Alhosaini
- Faculty of medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najd Khalid Aljarba
- Faculty of medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Qutob RA, Aljarba NK, Alhusaini BA, Alzaid ON, Alghamdi AH, Alaryni AA, Bukhari AI, Alburakan A, Alanazi AM, Alsolamy EN, Alfozan OA, Alzmamy SA, Ababtain AA, Elhazmi A, Hakami OA. The Perspective of the General Population in Saudi Arabia towards Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) Orders: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2073. [PMID: 37510514 PMCID: PMC10378939 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the event of cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure used to maintain the heart and lungs functional simultaneously. The do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order prohibits CPR and is therefore legally required. Despite this, a DNR remains a delicate and contentious issue that places physicians in morally ambiguous situations. This study aimed to assess Saudi citizens' understanding of DNR orders, prior exposure to them, and preferences for DNR conversations. METHODS This was an online cross-sectional study that was conducted between January and April 2023 and aimed to assess the knowledge regarding DNR orders among Saudi populations. This study adapted a previously developed questionnaire tool by Al Ahmadi et al., which examined the knowledge and attitude toward do-not-resuscitate among patients and their relatives visiting outpatient clinics. Binary logistic regression analysis was the mean knowledge score for the study participants. RESULTS A total of 920 participants were involved in this study. Almost half of the study participants (49.6%) reported that they had heard of DNR before. The most commonly reported source of their information on DNR was healthcare providers (58.2%). The mean knowledge score of the study participants was 1.9 (1.3) out of 6, which is equal to 31.7% of the total maximum score. This demonstrates the weak level of knowledge about DNR among the general public. Females, divorced, and those who had a post-graduate level of education were more likely to be knowledgeable of DNR compared to others (p < 0.05). Around one-quarter of the study participants showed agreement with DNR. More than half of them (59.5%) believe that physicians should be involved in DNR decision making. CONCLUSIONS Saudi Arabia's general community has limited knowledge of DNR. It is recommended that healthcare professionals increase patients' and caregivers' understanding of this concept. This will improve the planning and the provision of end-of-life care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Abubakker Qutob
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najd Khalid Aljarba
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Omar Nasser Alzaid
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Ahmed Alburakan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Eysa Nahar Alsolamy
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Abdulaziz Alfozan
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Abdullah Alzmamy
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdalmohsen A Ababtain
- Critical Care Department, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alyaa Elhazmi
- College of Medicine, AlFaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osamah A Hakami
- College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
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