1
|
Gačnik J, Živković I, Ribeiro Guevara S, Kotnik J, Berisha S, Vijayakumaran Nair S, Jurov A, Cvelbar U, Horvat M. Calibration Approach for Gaseous Oxidized Mercury Based on Nonthermal Plasma Oxidation of Elemental Mercury. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8234-8240. [PMID: 35647905 PMCID: PMC9201811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Atmospheric mercury
measurements carried out in the recent decades
have been a subject of bias largely due to insufficient consideration
of metrological traceability and associated measurement uncertainty,
which are ultimately needed for the demonstration of comparability
of the measurement results. This is particularly challenging for gaseous
HgII species, which are reactive and their ambient concentrations
are very low, causing difficulties in proper sampling and calibration.
Calibration for atmospheric HgII exists, but barriers to
reliable calibration are most evident at ambient HgII concentration
levels. We present a calibration of HgII species based
on nonthermal plasma oxidation of Hg0 to HgII. Hg0 was produced by quantitative reduction of HgII in aqueous solution by SnCl2 and aeration. The
generated Hg0 in a stream of He and traces of reaction
gas (O2, Cl2, or Br2) was then oxidized
to different HgII species by nonthermal plasma. A highly
sensitive 197Hg radiotracer was used to evaluate the oxidation
efficiency. Nonthermal plasma oxidation efficiencies with corresponding
expanded standard uncertainty values were 100.5 ± 4.7% (k = 2) for 100 pg of HgO, 96.8 ± 7.3% (k = 2) for 250 pg of HgCl2, and 77.3 ± 9.4% (k = 2) for 250 pg of HgBr2. The presence of HgO,
HgCl2, and HgBr2 was confirmed by temperature-programmed
desorption quadrupole mass spectrometry (TPD-QMS). This work demonstrates
the potential for nonthermal plasma oxidation to generate reliable
and repeatable amounts of HgII compounds for routine calibration
of ambient air measurement instrumentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gačnik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Živković
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sergio Ribeiro Guevara
- Laboratorio de Análisis por Activación Neutrónica, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Av. Bustillo km 9.5, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Jože Kotnik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sabina Berisha
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sreekanth Vijayakumaran Nair
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrea Jurov
- Department of Gaseous Electronics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Cvelbar
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Gaseous Electronics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Labad F, Montemurro N, Berisha S, Thomaidis NS, Pérez S. One-step extraction and analysis of 45 contaminants of emerging concern using QuEChERS methodology and HR-MS in radish leaves and roots. MethodsX 2021; 8:101308. [PMID: 34434828 PMCID: PMC8374258 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The scarcity of freshwater has led to a considerable increase of the reuse of reclaimed wastewater for irrigation of field crops [1,2]. This practice potentially exposes agricultural produce to a large variety of xenobiotic compounds including contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) which have been widely recognized to be present in wastewater [3]. Common approaches for the extraction of CECs from crops rely on solid-liquid extraction [4], assisted solvent extraction [5], ultra-sound solvent extraction [6] and recently QuEChERS (QUick, Easy, CHeap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) [[7], [8]–9]. Here, eight QuEChERS-based methodologies were compared for their suitability to determine 45 CECs in roots and leaves of soil-grown radish. The key points of the method development were:The development of two single-step analytical methods specific for radish root and leaves, after testing eight different approaches using QuEChERS extraction for the quantitation of 45 CECs. The analytical methodology selected requires minimal time and solvent, making it cost-effective. Methods validation were performed at five concentrations levels (2, 5, 10, 50 and 200 ng g−1), with low limits of quantification between 0.01 and 0.32 ng g−1. The two optimized methodologies may be applied to identify large number of compounds of different families in radish crop. However, validation will be needed to quantify compounds different from the target compounds of this paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Labad
- ENFOCHEM Deptartment of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Montemurro
- ENFOCHEM Deptartment of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Berisha
- Deptartment of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou 157 84, Greece
| | - N S Thomaidis
- Deptartment of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou 157 84, Greece
| | - S Pérez
- ENFOCHEM Deptartment of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chouhan RS, Žitko G, Fajon V, Živković I, Pavlin M, Berisha S, Jerman I, Vesel A, Horvat M. A Unique Interactive Nanostructure Knitting based Passive Sampler Adsorbent for Monitoring of Hg 2+ in Water. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19153432. [PMID: 31387298 PMCID: PMC6696128 DOI: 10.3390/s19153432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the development of ultralight interwoven ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanosheets for use as a potential adsorbent in a passive sampler (PAS) designed to bind Hg2+ ions. The g-CN nanosheets were prepared from bulk g-CN synthesised via a modified high-temperature short-time (HTST) polycondensation process. The crystal structure, surface functional groups, and morphology of the g-CN nanosheets were characterised using a battery of instruments. The results confirmed that the as-synthesized product is composed of few-layered nanosheets. The adsorption efficiency of g-CN for binding Hg2+ (100 ng mL−1) in sea, river, rain, and Milli-Q quality water was 89%, 93%, 97%, and 100%, respectively, at natural pH. Interference studies found that the cations tested (Co2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Bi3+, Na+, and K+) had no significant effect on the adsorption efficiency of Hg2+. Different parameters were optimised to improve the performance of g-CN such as pH, contact time, and amount of adsorbent. Optimum conditions were pH 7, 120 min incubation time and 10 mg of nanosheets. The yield of nanosheets was 72.5%, which is higher compared to other polycondensation processes using different monomers. The g-CN sheets could also be regenerated up to eight times with only a 20% loss in binding efficiency. Overall, nano-knitted g-CN is a promising low-cost green adsorbent for use in passive samplers or as a transducing material in sensor applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghuraj S Chouhan
- Institute "Jožef Stefan", Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Gregor Žitko
- Institute "Jožef Stefan", Department of Surface Engineering, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Fajon
- Institute "Jožef Stefan", Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Živković
- Institute "Jožef Stefan", Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Majda Pavlin
- Institute "Jožef Stefan", Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Ivan Jerman
- Institute "Jožef Stefan", Department of Surface Engineering, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Milena Horvat
- Institute "Jožef Stefan", Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Berisha S, Skudnik M, Vilhar U, Sabovljević M, Zavadlav S, Jeran Z. Trace elements and nitrogen content in naturally growing moss Hypnum cupressiforme in urban and peri-urban forests of the Municipality of Ljubljana (Slovenia). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:4517-4527. [PMID: 27943157 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We monitored trace metals and nitrogen using naturally growing moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. in urban and peri-urban forests of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. The aim of this study was to explore the differences in atmospheric deposition of trace metals and nitrogen between urban and peri-urban forests. Samples were collected at a total of 44 sites in urban forests (forests within the motorway ring road) and peri-urban forests (forests outside the motorway ring road). Mosses collected in urban forests showed increased trace metal concentrations compared to samples collected from peri-urban forests. Higher values were significant for As, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl and V. Within the motorway ring road, the notable differences in element concentrations between the two urban forests were significant for Cr, Ni and Mo. Factor analysis showed three groups of elements, highlighting the contribution of traffic emissions, individual heating appliances and the resuspension of contaminated soils and dust as the main sources of trace elements in urban forests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Berisha
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Skudnik
- Department of Forest and Landscape Planning and Monitoring, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - U Vilhar
- Department of Forest Ecology, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Sabovljević
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - S Zavadlav
- Department of Forest Yield and Silviculture and Department of Forest Physiology and Genetics, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Z Jeran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salihu S, Sejflja O, Gjinolli F, Prekazi M, Heta N, Berisha S, Arifl H, Uka S, Baftiu N. O.518 Ten-years survival with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-5182(08)71642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
6
|
Dinter DJ, Niedergethmann M, Aramin N, Weisser G, Singer C, Berisha S, Schönberg SO. Stellt die Signalintensitätskurve der dynamischen MRT einen Indikator der Pankreastextur vor Pankreaskopfresektion dar? ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1073439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
Haemodynamic monitoring was performed within the first 48 hours after the onset of symptoms in basal conditions, during volume loading, and during infusion of glyceryl trinitrate in 41 patients who fulfilled the diagnostic electrocardiographic and haemodynamic criteria of right ventricular infarction. In most patients an increase of mean right atrial pressure up to 10-14 mm Hg was followed by an increase in right ventricular stroke work index. But raising the mean right atrial pressure above 14 mm Hg was almost always accompanied by a reduction in right ventricular stroke work index. When the mean right atrial pressure was reduced by intravenous glyceryl trinitrate to less than 14 mm Hg the right ventricular stroke index increased. The same response was seen with cardiac and stroke index. The mean (SD) values of optimal right atrial and pulmonary capillary pressures were 11.7 (2.1) and 16.5 (2.7) mm Hg respectively. Thus cardiac and stroke index increased and the right ventricle reached its maximum stroke work index when the filling pressure was 10-14 mm Hg. These values may be regarded as the optimal level of right ventricular filling pressure in patients with right ventricular infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Berisha
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital 1, Tirana, Albania
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Berisha S, Goda A, Kastrati A, Frasheri A, Popa Y. Acute haemodynamic effects of nifedipine in patients with ventricular septal defect. Br Heart J 1988; 60:149-55. [PMID: 3415874 PMCID: PMC1216538 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.60.2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The haemodynamic effects of nifedipine were studied in 14 patients (aged 8-14 years, seven male and seven female) with ventricular septal defect with and without pulmonary hypertension. All underwent left and right heart catheterisation. In each patient the pressures and heart rate were measured and blood samples were taken for oximetry before and after sublingual administration of 10 mg nifedipine. In eight patients with ventricular septal defect without pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure less than 20 mm Hg) nifedipine significantly reduced the mean aortic pressure and systemic vascular resistance, and significantly increased heart rate. The other haemodynamic indices did not change significantly. In six patients with ventricular septal defect complicated by pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 20 mm Hg) nifedipine significantly increased systemic output, stroke volume, and heart rate, and significantly reduced systemic vascular resistance and the pulmonary to systemic flow ratio. The other haemodynamic indices did not change significantly. Nifedipine had a beneficial effect in patients with ventricular septal defect complicated by pulmonary hypertension. It reduced the left to right shunt and increased the stroke volume. This effect was not seen in patients with ventricular septal defect uncomplicated by pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Berisha
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital 1, Tirana, Albania
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|