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Gaur G, Damm S, Passon M, Lo HK, Schieber A, Gänzle MG. Conversion of hydroxycinnamic acids by Furfurilactobacillus milii in sorghum fermentations: Impact on profile of phenolic compounds in sorghum and on ecological fitness of Ff. milii. Food Microbiol 2023; 111:104206. [PMID: 36681402 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of phenolic compounds by lactobacilli in food fermentations contributes to food quality. The metabolism of phenolics by lactobacilli has been elucidated in the past years but information on the contribution of specific enzymes in food fermentations remains scarce. This study aimed to address this gap by disruption of genes coding for the hydroxycimmanic acid reductase Par1, the hydroxycinnamic acid decarboxylase Pad, the hydrocinnamic esterase EstR, and strains with disruption of all three genes in Furfurilactobacillus milii FUA3583. The conversion of phenolics by Ff. milii and its isogenic mutants in sorghum fermentations was studied by LC-UV and LC-UV-MS/MS analyses. Ff. milii FUA3583 converted hydroxycinnamic acids predominantly with Par1. Vinylphenols were detected only in mutants lacking par1. A phenotype for the estR defective mutant was not identified. The formation of pyrano-3-deoxyanthocyanidins was observed only after fermentation with strains expressing Pad. Specifically, formation of these compounds was low with Ff. milii FUA3583, substantially increased in the Par1 mutant and abolished in all mutants with disrupted pad. Competition experiments with Ff. milii FUA3583 and its isogenic mutants demonstrated that expression of one of the two metabolic pathways for hydroxycinnamic acids increases the ecological fitness of the strain. Disruption of EstR in a Δpar1Δpar2Δpad background improved ecological fitness, indirectly demonstrating a phenotype of the esterase in Ff. milii. The documentation of the functionality of genes coding for conversion of hydroxycinnamic acids may support the selection of starter cultures for improved quality of fermented cereal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Gaur
- University of Alberta, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sandra Damm
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maike Passon
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hiu Kwan Lo
- University of Alberta, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andreas Schieber
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael G Gänzle
- University of Alberta, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Hensen JP, Hoening F, Weilack I, Damm S, Weber F. Influence of Grape Cell Wall Polysaccharides on the Extraction of Polyphenols during Fermentation in Microvinifications. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:9117-9131. [PMID: 35839340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grape cell wall polysaccharides influence the extraction of phenolic compounds during winemaking and consequently polyphenol concentrations in the final wine. During ripening, both compound groups undergo pronounced structural and compositional changes, resulting in a dynamic change of extractability. Grape cell wall polysaccharides from different ripe grapes were added to fermentations of Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot noir grapes. Polyphenol-polysaccharide interactions affected the concentrations of tannins and monomeric flavanols in the wines depending on the maturity of the added polysaccharides. With higher polysaccharide maturity, the effects became more pronounced. Polysaccharides protected monomeric flavanols and tannin in Pinot noir, thereby increasing the concentrations, but they precipitated or masked these compounds in Cabernet Sauvignon. The added polysaccharides affected the concentrations in anthocyanins and polymeric pigments much less compared to the ripening status of the grapes. It was concluded that structural changes of polysaccharides during ripening affect the extraction of tannins and monomeric flavanols the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Peter Hensen
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Fiona Hoening
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingrid Weilack
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Damm
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Weber
- Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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Hinić V, Seth-Smith HMB, Damm S, Amico P, Khanna N, Egli A, Bättig V. Unexpected Mycoplasma hominis infection in two renal transplant recipients traced back to the same donor by whole-genome sequencing. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 40:1097-1102. [PMID: 33367958 PMCID: PMC8084823 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-04116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hominis is a common colonizer of the lower genitourinary tract. Although its clinical relevance for causing urogenital infections in immunocompetent individuals is controversial, this bacterium has been involved in severe invasive infections in allograft recipients. In this report, we describe two cases of M. hominis infection in two young renal transplant recipients within the first month post-transplant. Although at first no epidemiological link between the two cases had been suspected, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis showed that both isolates were identical, highly suggestive of an origin with the common organ donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hinić
- Division of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - H M B Seth-Smith
- Division of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Damm
- Clinic for Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Amico
- Clinic for Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - N Khanna
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Egli
- Division of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - V Bättig
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Bergmann T, Rach J, Damm S, DeSalle R, Schierwater B, Hadrys H. The potential of distance-based thresholds and character-based DNA barcoding for defining problematic taxonomic entities by CO1 and ND1. Mol Ecol Resour 2013; 13:1069-81. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Bergmann
- ITZ Ecology & Evolution; TiHo Hannover; Bünteweg 17d; D-30559; Hannover; Germany
| | - J. Rach
- ITZ Ecology & Evolution; TiHo Hannover; Bünteweg 17d; D-30559; Hannover; Germany
| | - S. Damm
- ITZ Ecology & Evolution; TiHo Hannover; Bünteweg 17d; D-30559; Hannover; Germany
| | - R. DeSalle
- American Museum of Natural History; The Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics; New York; NY; 10024; USA
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Damm S, Hadrys H. A dragonfly in the desert: genetic pathways of the widespread Trithemis arteriosa (Odonata: Libellulidae) suggest male-biased dispersal. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-012-0079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Modern taxonomy requires an analytical approach incorporating all lines of evidence into decision-making. Such an approach can enhance both species identification and species discovery. The character-based DNA barcode method provides a molecular data set that can be incorporated into classical taxonomic data such that the discovery of new species can be made in an analytical framework that includes multiple sources of data. We here illustrate such a corroborative framework in a dragonfly model system that permits the discovery of two new, but visually cryptic species. In the African dragonfly genus Trithemis three distinct genetic clusters can be detected which could not be identified by using classical taxonomic characters. In order to test the hypothesis of two new species, DNA-barcodes from different sequence markers (ND1 and COI) were combined with morphological, ecological and biogeographic data sets. Phylogenetic analyses and incorporation of all data sets into a scheme called taxonomic circle highly supports the hypothesis of two new species. Our case study suggests an analytical approach to modern taxonomy that integrates data sets from different disciplines, thereby increasing the ease and reliability of both species discovery and species assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Damm
- ITZ, Ecology & Evolution, TiHo Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
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Damm S, Dijkstra KDB, Hadrys H. Red drifters and dark residents: the phylogeny and ecology of a Plio-Pleistocene dragonfly radiation reflects Africa's changing environment (Odonata, Libellulidae, Trithemis). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2009; 54:870-82. [PMID: 20004729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Revised: 12/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the last few million years, tropical Africa has experienced pronounced climatic shifts with progressive aridification. Such changes must have had a great impact on freshwater biota, such as Odonata. With about forty species, Trithemis dominates dragonfly communities across Africa, from rain-pools to streams, deserts to rainforests, and lowlands to highlands. Red-bodied species tend to favor exposed, standing and often temporary waters, have strong dispersal capacities, and some of the largest geographic ranges in the genus. Those in cooler habitats, like forest streams, are generally dark-bodied and more sedentary. We combined molecular analyses of ND1, 16S, and ITS (ITSI, 5.8S, and ITSII) with morphological, ecological, and geographical data for 81% of known Trithemis species, including three Asian and two Madagascan endemics. Using molecular clock analyses, the genus's origin was estimated 6-9Mya, with multiple lineages arising suddenly around 4Mya. Open stagnant habitats were inferred to be ancestral and the rise of Trithemis may have coincided with savannah-expansion in the late Miocene. The adaptation of red species to more ephemeral conditions leads to large ranges and limited radiation within those lineages. By contrast, three clades of dark species radiated in the Plio-Pleistocene, each within distinct ecological confines: (1) lowland streams, (2) highland streams, and (3) swampy habitats on alternating sides of the Congo-Zambezi watershed divide; together giving rise to the majority of species diversity in the genus. During Trithemis evolution, multiple shifts from open to more forested habitats and from standing to running waters occurred. Allopatry by habitat fragmentation may be the dominant force in speciation, but possibly genetic divergence across habitat gradients was also involved. The study demonstrates the importance of combining ecological and phylogenetic data to understand the origin of biological diversity under great environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Damm
- ITZ, Ecology & Evolution, TiHo Hannover, Bünteweg 17d, D-30559 Hannover, Germany.
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Sundstedt M, Jonason T, Ahrén T, Damm S, Wesslén L, Henriksen E. Left ventricular volume changes during supine exercise in young endurance athletes. Acta Physiol Scand 2003; 177:467-72. [PMID: 12648164 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-201x.2003.01098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The primary objective of the study was to measure the relative left ventricular volumes and the changes in left ventricular ejection fraction during supine position from rest to exercise in young endurance athletes. The secondary objective was to examine if there were gender differences regarding the volume reply and ejection fraction with exercise. METHOD Sixty-five (35 female and 30 males) young healthy Swedish orienteers participated in the study. Left ventricular volume and ejection fraction changes between rest and submaximal supine bicycle exercise were measured with radionuclide ventriculography. RESULTS The mean left ventricular end-diastolic volume increased by 13% (P < 0.001) but there was no change in end-systolic volume. Stroke volume was found to increase by 21% (P < 0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction increased significantly (>0.04 units) in 54% of the athletes from rest to exercise; 5% of the athletes showed a decrease in ejection fraction. A negative correlation was found between ejection fraction at rest and the difference in ejection fraction from rest to exercise (r = -0.38, P = 0.002). There were no gender differences in the left ventricular volume changes or ejection fraction. CONCLUSION During submaximal supine exercise, the adjustments in cardiac volumes in endurance athletes were small. There were no gender disparities concerning the left ventricular volume reply during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sundstedt
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Central Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
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Bergkvist L, Frisell J, Liljegren G, Celebioglu F, Damm S, Thörn M. Multicentre study of detection and false-negative rates in sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer. Br J Surg 2001; 88:1644-8. [PMID: 11736980 DOI: 10.1046/j.0007-1323.2001.01948.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sentinel node biopsy has recently evolved as a means of staging the axilla in breast cancer with minimal surgical trauma. The aim of this prospective multicentre study was to identify factors that influenced the detection and false-negative rates during the learning phase. METHODS Data on all 498 sentinel node biopsies performed between August 1997 and December 1999 in Sweden were collected. RESULTS A sentinel node was found in 450 patients (90 per cent). Preoperative scintigraphy visualized 83 per cent of all sentinel nodes. The detection rate was higher with same-day injection of tracer than with injection the day before (96 versus 86 per cent; P < 0.01). Dye injected less than 5 min or more than 30 min before the start of the operation lowered the detection rate (less than 60 per cent versus more than 65 per cent; P = 0.02). The detection rate varied from 61 to 100 per cent between surgeons. The false-negative rate was 11 per cent. The presence of multiple tumour foci and a high S-phase fraction increased the risk of a false-negative sentinel node, whereas the number of operations performed by each surgeon was less important. CONCLUSION Training of the individual surgeon influenced the detection rate, as did timing of tracer and dye injection. The false-negative rate seemed to be related to biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bergkvist
- Department of Surgery and Centre for Clinical Research Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Frisell J, Bergqvist L, Liljegren G, Thörn M, Damm S, Rydman H, Danielsson R. Sentinel node in breast cancer--a Swedish pilot study of 75 patients. Eur J Surg 2001; 167:179-83. [PMID: 11316401 DOI: 10.1080/110241501750099311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find out if the sentinel node can be detected in sufficient numbers of women with breast cancer to be useful as a prognostic sign, whether it reflects that state of the entire axilla, and whether it detects micrometastases that would otherwise be missed. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING 3 teaching hospitals, Sweden. SUBJECTS 75 patients with breast cancer who were listed to have axillary dissection as well as resection of their tumour. INTERVENTIONS Injection of 99Tc nanocolloid 0.4 ml and patent blue dye 1 ml around the tumour or under the skin above the tumour, followed by preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and then identification of the sentinel node during operation either because it had turned blue or with a gamma probe. Removal of the sentinel node and complete axillary dissection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Identification of the sentinel node and presence of metastatic nodes in the axilla. RESULTS The sentinel node was identified in 69/75 (92%). It correctly predicted the state of the axilla in 66/69 (96%), and detected metastases in 24 of the 27 with invaded nodes in the axilla (89%). The false negative rate was 11%. In 14/27 with axillary metastases (52%) the sentinel node was the only involved node. In 3/24, metastases were detected by immunohistochemistry alone. CONCLUSION Biopsy of the sentinel node predicted the presence or absence of axillary metastases with acceptable accuracy. However, before axillary node dissection is rejected in favour of sentinel node biopsy alone, large multicentre studies are needed to establish the true false negative rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Frisell
- Department of Surgery at Huddinge Hospital, Sweden
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Andersson LG, Henriksen E, Damm S, Jonason T, Niklasson U, Wesslén L, Nyström-Rosander C, Maripuu E, Ringqvist I, Rolf C, Hedenstierna G, Friman G. Thallium-201 myocardial imaging at rest in male orienteers and other endurance athletes. Ups J Med Sci 2001; 106:59-66. [PMID: 11817564 DOI: 10.3109/2000-1967-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the period 1979 to 1992, 16 sudden unexpected cardiac deaths were known to have occurred in young Swedish orienteers. Autopsy indicated myocarditis to be the most frequent finding, most often combined with extensive myocardial fibrosis. The aim of the present investigation was to explore whether young male orienteers show a higher frequency than other young elite endurance athletes (controls) in the occurrence of Thallium-201 myocardial perfusion defects at rest, suggestive of fibrosis evoked by myocarditis. Thallium-201 perfusion abnormalities at rest were more frequently found in the controls than in the orienteers (26% vs. 12%, p=0.03). Uneven Tl-201 perfusion was associated with left ventricular mass (r=0.32, r=0.24, p<0.01, p=0.02) and body weight (r=0.30, r=0.31, p<0.01, p=0.03) in orienteers and controls, respectively. Echocardiographic left ventricular wall motion abnormalities were found in 11 athletes (9 orienteers and 2 controls) but only two displayed an abnormal Thallium-201 perfusion scan at rest. Perfusion abnormalities at rest did not occur more frequently in the orienteers but were commonly found in both groups of apparently healthy athletes making it futile to discern abnormals from normals. Thallium-201 perfusion aberrations were not associated with left ventricular wall motion abnormalities obtained by echocardiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Andersson
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden
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12
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Damm S, Andersson LG, Henriksen E, Niklasson U, Jonason T, Ahrén T, Wesslén L, Nyström-Rosander C, Rolf C, Hedenstierna G, Ringqvist I, Friman G. Wall motion abnormalities in male elite orienteers are aggravated by exercise. Clin Physiol 1999; 19:121-6. [PMID: 10200893 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2281.1999.00156.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During the period 1979-92, 16 (15 men and one woman) sudden unexpected cardiac deaths occurred among young Swedish orienteers. This finding indicated a sharp increase in the death rate of orienteers, and necropsy demonstrated that myocarditis was a common histopathological finding. Therefore, an extensive non-invasive cardiac investigation was performed. A total of 59 male élite orienteers (mean age 23 years) and 36 cross-country skiers and middle-distance runners (mean age 22 years), serving as controls, were examined by both echocardiography at rest and radionuclide ventriculography at rest and during exercise. Wall motion abnormalities were found in eight orienteers using echocardiography. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the group of orienteers with wall motion abnormalities found using echocardiography had a smaller increase in ejection fraction from rest to exercise using radionuclide ventriculography than the rest of the orienteers and the controls, indicating an aggravation of the wall motion abnormalities during exercise. There were no significant differences in the ejection fraction at rest between the groups. In the orienteers with wall motion abnormalities (group 1), 62% (five out of eight) had less than a 0.05 unit increase in left ventricular ejection fraction compared with 27% (14 out of 51) of the remaining orienteers (group 2) and 19% (7 out of 36) of the controls (group 3). A comparison of athletes in group 1 with those in groups 2 and 3 combined revealed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The divergent response in left ventricular ejection fraction during exercise suggests an aggravation of the wall motion abnormalities with exercise. Both the echocardiographic and the radionuclide ventriculographic findings indicate that the orienteers in group 1 had concealed left ventricular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Damm
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Central Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
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Englund DE, Damm S, Hemmingsson E, Linden M, Ljungblad U, Nilsen T, Risberg B, Schnittger A. F084 Endometrial histology, in long-cycle HRT, for three years. Maturitas 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(97)81048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Whitehead S, Damm S, Cimolai N, Members of the Microbiology Program. Utility of direct genetic probes for the rapid presumptive identification of positive blood cultures. Clin Biochem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-9120(95)91484-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gall MA, Mathiesen ER, Skøtt P, Musaeus L, Damm S, Beck-Nielsen H, Parving HH. Effect of multiple insulin injections with a pen injector on metabolic control and general well-being in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res 1989; 11:97-101. [PMID: 2515935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The long-term (1) effect of multiple insulin injections in clinical practice was evaluated prospectively in 168 unselected consecutive insulin-dependent diabetic patients, age 31 (10-77) yr, attending a diabetic clinic. All patients received three or more daily injections of short acting insulin using a pen injector (NovoPen) plus one injection of intermediate acting insulin at bedtime. Haemoglobin A1c remained nearly unchanged, baseline: 8.6 (5.7-11.8)%, and after intensified treatment for 12 months: 8.3 (5.7-12.3)%. The frequency of keto-acidosis (0.08 (conventional treatment) versus 0.02 episodes/patient/yr, p less than 0.05) and severe hypoglycaemia (0.69 (conventional treatment) versus 0.38 episodes/patient/yr, p less than 0.005) diminished during intensified treatment. Ninety percent of the patients reported improvement in general well-being and only three percent felt worse. We conclude that multiple insulin injections with a pen injector applied in clinical practice improves general well-being, diminishes the risk of acute metabolic complications, while the overall metabolic control as reflected by haemoglobin A1c remains unaltered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Gall
- Hvidöre Hospital, Klampenborg, Denmark
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17
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