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Lee C, Yoon SY, Hwang JH, Park SH, Kwon M, Yoon C, Lee K, Hahm MH, Park KS. External border zone may be correlated with radiation necrosis after radiosurgery in metastatic brain tumor. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)00532-1. [PMID: 38561029 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.03.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation necrosis (RN) after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in brain metastases has been extensively evaluated, and RN is correlated with various risk factors. However, no study comprehensively analyzed the correlation between RN and the border zones of the brain that are vulnerable to ischemia. We hypothesized that patients with tumors in the border zone are at high risk of RN. Hence, the current study aimed to assess the correlation between border zone lesions and RN, with consideration of other predetermined factors. METHODS This retrospective study included 117 patients with 290 lesions who underwent Gamma Knife® stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Radiological and clinical analyses were performed to identify factors possibly correlated with RN. Notably, the lesion location was classified into two groups (border zone and non-border zone) based on the blood supply. RESULTS In total, 22 (18.8%) patients with 22 (7.5%) lesions developed RN. Univariate analysis revealed a significant correlation between RN and external border zone lesions, second course of SRS administered at the same site of the previous SRS, prescribed dose, and tumor volume. Multivariate analysis showed that border zone lesions, second course of SRS at the same site of the previous SRS, and tumor volume were significantly correlated with RN. CONCLUSIONS Patients with tumors in the border zone are at high risk of RN. The potential risks of RN can be attributed hypothetically to hypoperfusion. Hence, the association between RN and border zone lesions seems reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaejin Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Minjae Kwon
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chaemin Yoon
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyungyoung Lee
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | | | - Ki-Su Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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Kim M, Kim BJ, Yoon SY, Kwak Y. Unexpected shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after unruptured aneurysm surgery-a case report. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad415. [PMID: 37489162 PMCID: PMC10363004 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A chronic hydrocephalus after unruptured aneurysm surgery is an extremely rare condition. Its etiology and pathophysiology are also unclear. We report a case of chronic hydrocephalus in a patient who underwent permanent shunt placement after unruptured aneurysm clipping surgery. A 65-year-old man developed chronic hydrocephalus requiring shunt placement after clipping surgery of left anterior cerebral artery aneurysm and right middle cerebral artery aneurysm. This case shows that chronic hydrocephalus is a possible complication of unruptured aneurysm surgery, which can be resolved with an appropriate shunt operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungsoo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseok Kwak
- Correspondence address: Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Chilgok, 807, Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea. Tel: 82-10-8475-2022; E-mail:
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3
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Lee C, Kim MS, Hwang JH, Park SH, Park KS, Yoon SY. Venous ectasia preceding intra-tumoral hemorrhage in a case of gliosarcoma with transverse sinus involvement. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad429. [PMID: 37525746 PMCID: PMC10387368 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although intratumoral hemorrhage is common in patients with malignant brain tumors, reports on its clinical course are scarce. This report presents a rare case of a patient with intratumoral hemorrhage with gliosarcoma invading the venus sinus. This invasion and a small draining vein were observed at diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging performed 1 week later showed new-onset venous ectasia, which caused intratumoral hemorrhage. This case provides insight into the mechanisms underlying intratumoral hemorrhage and highlights the emergence of new intratumoral vasculature as a potential warning sign for hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaejin Lee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mee-Seon Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ki-Su Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Correspondence address. Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, Korea. Tel: +82-10-9545-4515, Fax: +82-53-200-7239, E-mail:
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Kim B, Yang JU, Choi HJ, Yang J, Son W, Yoon SY, Park SH. Development of an angiography guide indicator for stereotactic radiosurgery for high precision. World Neurosurg 2023:S1878-8750(23)00732-5. [PMID: 37268189 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is effectively used for treating various cerebrovascular diseases, including arteriovenous malformations. As image-based surgery is the gold standard technique in SRS, the quality of stereotactic angiography images greatly influences the surgical approach for cerebrovascular diseases. Despite several studies in the relevant literature, research on auxiliary devices, including angiography indicators used for cerebrovascular disease surgeries, is limited. Thus, the development of angiographic indicators may provide meaningful data for stereotactic surgery. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop a stereotactic radiographic angiography guide indicator and evaluate its accuracy and precision. MATERIALS A centerline was drawn, and a guideline was attached such that the "+" and "X" centers of the existing angiography guide indicator intersect. Further, a guideline wire connecting "+" and "X" was fixed using a tape. Based on the presence or absence of the guide indicator, angiography anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral (LAT) images were taken 10 times each, and statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS The average and standard deviation of the conventional AP and LAT indicators were 10.22 ± 0.53 and 9.02 ± 0.33 mm, and those of the developed AP and LAT indicators were 10.3 ± 0.57 and 8.92 ± 0.23 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION The results confirmed that the use of the lead indicator developed in this study provides higher accuracy and precision compared to that of the use of the conventional indicator. Furthermore, the developed guide indicator may provide meaningful information during SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungmok Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130, Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ung Yang
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea Jung Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Yang
- Medical Device Reviewer Dental & Gastroenterology Devices Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Chungcheong buk-do, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsoo Son
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130, Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130, Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130, Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Kim B, Yang JU, Chang Y, Choi HJ, Jang K, Yoon SY, Park SH. Development of an Animal Stereotactic Device for Preclinical Research on Tumor Response After Stereotactic Radiosurgery. World Neurosurg 2022; 166:220-224. [PMID: 35953040 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In gamma knife radiosurgery, the tumor response to radiation is an important predictor of clinical treatment results. Since brain tumors have different characteristics and growth patterns, depending on the type, the tumors' response to radiation are also different. Compared with various other clinical treatments, there is a dearth of research on the development of gamma knife-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preclinical experimental equipment. Hence, the identification of preclinical equipment necessity for experimental animals will provide meaningful data for the provision of clinical assistance to humans. OBJECTIVES A device for stereotactic radiosurgery capable of MRI in small animals was developed. The feasibility of creating a preplan by means of small animal images was then assessed. METHODS A device for stereotaxic surgery of small animals using a 48-channel MRI coil was developed using a 3 dimensional printer. Rat brain-MRI images were obtained with a 3.0 T MRI scanner using a multi-channel coil. The acquired MRI images were transferred to a GammaPlan workstation to establish a preplan. RESULTS To gamma rays to the targeted site on animals, a positioning device combined with a G-frame was mounted on a gamma knife. Planning of radiosurgery based on MRI images became possible with GammaPlan workstations. CONCLUSIONS Preclinical experiments using small animals are possible with the use of stereotactic devices. In clinical treatment, preclinical experimental results will provide meaningful information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungmok Kim
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ung Yang
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Chang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea Jung Choi
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungeun Jang
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; AIRS Medical, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Kwak Y, Son W, Kim BJ, Kim M, Yoon SY, Park J, Lim J, Kim J, Kang DH. Frictional force analysis of stent retriever devices using a realistic vascular model: Pilot study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:964354. [PMID: 36090887 PMCID: PMC9449119 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.964354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To date, no vascular model to analyze frictional forces between stent retriever devices and vessel walls has been designed to be similar to the real human vasculature. We developed a novel in vitro intracranial cerebrovascular model and analyzed frictional forces of three stent retriever devices. Methods A vascular mold was created based on digital subtraction angiography of a patient's cerebral vessels. The vascular model was constructed using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, Dow Corning, Inc.) as a silicone elastomer. The vascular model was coated on its inner surface with a lubricating layer to create a low coefficient of friction (~0.037) to closely approximate the intima. A pulsatile blood pump was used to produce blood flow inside the model to approximate real vascular conditions. The frictional forces of Trevo XP, Solitaire 2, and Eric 4 were analyzed for initial and maximal friction retrieval forces using this vascular model. The total pulling energy generated during the 3 cm movement was also obtained. Results Results for initial retrieval force were as follows: Trevo, 0.09 ± 0.04 N; Solitaire, 0.25 ± 0.07 N; and Eric, 0.33 ± 0.21 N. Results for maximal retrieval force were as follows: Trevo, 0.36 ± 0.07 N; Solitaire, 0.54 ± 0.06 N; and Eric, 0.80 ± 0.13 N. Total pulling energy (N·cm) was 0.40 ± 0.10 in Trevo, 0.65 ± 0.10 in Solitaire, and 0.87 ± 0.14 in Eric, respectively. Conclusions Using a realistic vascular model, different stent retriever devices were shown to have statistically different frictional forces. Future studies using a realistic vascular model are warranted to assess SRT devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngseok Kwak
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Wonsoo Son
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Myungsoo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jaechan Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jongkyeong Lim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Joonwon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
- Joonwon Kim
| | - Dong-Hun Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Departement of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong-Hun Kang
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Narayan VP, Yoon SY. Associations of Blood Caffeine and Genetically Predicted Coffee Consumption with Anthropometric Measures of Obesity: A Two Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:190-196. [PMID: 35166314 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In observational studies, caffeine has been associated with a lower risk of obesity. However, whether the associations are causal and apply to coffee, which is a mixture of chemical compounds is unclear. DESIGN Two sample Mendelian randomization study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Genetic instruments predicting caffeine were extracted from an existing GWAS of serum metabolites in 1960 individuals of European descent. For coffee consumption up to 91,462 individuals of European ancestry with top SNPs followed-up in ~30,062 coffee consumers and up to 375,833 individuals of European ancestry were taken from two separate studies. Genetic associations with obesity classes (n= 263,407), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (n=210,086), waist circumference (WC) (n= 231,355), and hip circumference (HC) (n=211,117) were obtained from summary statistics of individuals of European ancestry from the Genetic Investigation of Anthropocentric Traits (GIANT). METHODS The inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) was used as the main analysis. We also employed the weighted median approach (WM) and MR-Egger regression as sensitivity analyses. To gauge evidence of directional pleiotropy, we used Cochrane's Q test, and MR-PRESSO global test, as measures of heterogeneity between ratio estimates of variants. RESULTS There was little evidence to support an association between blood caffeine and any anthropometric measure of obesity in the primary and sensitivity analyses. However, genetically predicted coffee consumption was positively associated with higher class I obesity and WHR. Furthermore, this association was maintained after correction for multiple testing (P < 0.05/6 = 0.008). Results from the GWAS of coffee consumption were in tandem with results from the GWMA, but associations with class I obesity and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were not maintained after correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSION We found little evidence that caffeine or coffee consumption protects against obesity, adding to growing literature suggesting that previous observational studies may have been confounded. This study demonstrates the dangers of ignoring genetic testing for targeted interventions and basing dietary policy recommendations solely on observational studies restricted to specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Narayan
- Mr. Vikram Narayan, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia, E-mail:
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Seo H, Lee HW, Yoon SY, Chang SH, Park SH, Hwang JH, Park TI, Park KS. Effect of Cadherin-11 Expression on the Prognosis of a Newly Diagnosed Primary Glioblastoma. Brain Tumor Res Treat 2021; 9:63-69. [PMID: 34725986 PMCID: PMC8561220 DOI: 10.14791/btrt.2021.9.e16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cadherin-11, a cell-to-cell adhesion molecule, is associated with higher tumor grade and decreased patient survival. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of cadherin-11 expression in the progression and prognosis of a newly diagnosed primary glioblastoma (GBL). Methods Between 2007 and 2016, 52 out of 178 patients diagnosed with a GBL and satisfied the following criteria: 1) a new primary GBL, 2) gross-total resection, 3) immunohistochemically-available tissue, and 4) standardized adjuvant treatment. Results In terms of staining intensity, the low-intensity cadherin-11 group showed longer progression-free survival (PFS) than the high-intensity cadherin-11 group (median PFS, 12.0 months [95% CI, 11.1–12.9] vs. median PFS, 6.0 months [95% CI, 3.7–8.3]; p<0.001). The low-intensity cadherin-11 group revealed longer overall survival (OS) than the high-intensity cadherin-11 group (median OS, 20.0 months [95% CI, 11.8–16.6] vs. median OS, 15.0 months [95% CI, 11.8–18.2]; p=0.003). The staining intensity of cadherin-11 was a statistically significant factor in PFS and OS in terms of univariate and multivariate analyses (univariate analysis: p<0.001 and p=0.005; multivariate analysis: p<0.001 and p=0.005). Conclusion Our clinical study demonstrates high cadherin-11 expression may be associated with poor PFS and OS for a newly diagnosed primary GBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Seo
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae In Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ki-Su Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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Yoon SY, Kim SK, Phi JH. Bridging the intracranial pressure gap: a smooth transition strategy for slit ventricle syndrome. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab290. [PMID: 34276959 PMCID: PMC8282322 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Slit ventricle syndrome (SVS) is a well-known complication of long-standing shunts. Patients develop intermittent severe headache, vomiting with other symptoms of increased intra-cranial pressure. Brain computed tomography (CT) usually reveals slit-like ventricles with nearly obstructed proximal catheters. Treatment for SVS usually involves upgrading the shunt valve pressure setting. Currently, many patients carry programmable shunts and pressure setting can be adjusted noninvasively. However, when the programmable valve pressure setting is upgraded, some patients with SVS experience worsened symptoms. This is caused by the time gap between ICP increase and real ventricular expansion (and freeing proximal catheter) after shunt upgrading. Therefore, it is important to control a patient's symptoms during the transition period. We report our experience in controlling ICP in a patient with SVS using external ventricular drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Phi
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee C, Seo H, Yoon SY, Chang SH, Park SH, Hwang JH, Kang K, Kim CH, Hahm MH, Park E, Ahn JY, Park KS. Clinical significance of vitamin D in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2021; 163:1969-1977. [PMID: 33881606 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-021-04849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although recent studies show vitamin D deficiency is associated with cognitive decline, urinary incontinence, and gait instability, there has been no study on the effect of vitamin D on idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) characterized by the classic symptom triad of cognitive decline, urinary incontinence, and gait instability. We investigated the clinical significance of vitamin D in patients with iNPH. METHODS Between 2017 and 2020, 44 patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery were divided into low (< 15 ng/mL) and high (≥ 15 ng/mL) vitamin D groups according to the concentration of 25(OH)D, an effective indicator of vitamin D status. They were respectively evaluated according to clinical and radiological findings. RESULTS The low vitamin D group (n = 24) showed lower preoperative cognition compared to the high vitamin D group (n = 20) in terms of Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) and iNPH grading scale (iNPHGS) (K-MMSE: 20.5 ± 5.4 versus 24.0 ± 4.5, p = 0.041; iNPHGS cognitive score: 2 ± 0.9 versus 1 ± 0.6, p = 0.025). And the low vitamin D group showed pre- and postoperatively more severe urinary incontinence (preoperative iNPHGS urinary score: 1 ± 1.0 versus 0 ± 0.9, p = 0.012; postoperative iNPHGS urinary score:1 ± 1.0 versus 0 ± 0.9, p = 0.014). The score of narrow high-convexity sulci for the low vitamin D group was lower (low vitamin D group: 1 ± 0.7 versus high vitamin D group: 2 ± 0.4, p = 0.031). CONCLUSION Lower concentration of vitamin D in iNPH may be related to lower preoperative cognition, pre- and postoperative urinary incontinence, and brain morphological change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaejin Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Seo
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghun Kang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Hun Hahm
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Park
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yun Ahn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Su Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Cho J, Yeo J, Chang SH, Yoon SY, Park SH, Kang K, Kim CH, Hahm MH, Park E, Park KS. Transversus abdominis plane block for lumboperitoneal shunt surgery in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a case report. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab123. [PMID: 33927861 PMCID: PMC8055215 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is an ideal pain control method used in surgeries that require abdominal wall incisions through the injection of an anesthetic solution into the plane between the internal oblique muscle and transversus abdominis muscle. Herein, we report an 83-year-old man who was diagnosed with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and underwent lumboperitoneal shunt surgery (LPS). The TAP block was performed before LPS, and the numerical rating scale for pain was 0 at day 1 after the surgery. The patient was discharged early at day 3 after surgery despite the patient being extremely old, as he reported quick relief from the postoperative abdominal pain. The TAP block can hence be considered for use before LPS in elderly patients with iNPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinduck Cho
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseok Yeo
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghun Kang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Hun Hahm
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhee Park
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Su Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kim CH, Hahm MH, Lee DE, Choe JY, Ahn JY, Park SY, Lee SH, Kwak Y, Yoon SY, Kim KH, Kim M, Chang SH, Son J, Cho J, Park KS, Kim JK. Clinical usefulness of deep learning-based automated segmentation in intracranial hemorrhage. Technol Health Care 2021; 29:881-895. [PMID: 33682736 DOI: 10.3233/thc-202533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doctors with various specializations and experience order brain computed tomography (CT) to rule out intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Advanced artificial intelligence (AI) can discriminate subtypes of ICH with high accuracy. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical usefulness of AI in ICH detection for doctors across a variety of specialties and backgrounds. METHODS A total of 5702 patients' brain CTs were used to develop a cascaded deep-learning-based automated segmentation algorithm (CDLA). A total of 38 doctors were recruited for testing and categorized into nine groups. Diagnostic time and accuracy were evaluated for doctors with and without assistance from the CDLA. RESULTS The CDLA in the validation set for differential diagnoses among a negative finding and five subtypes of ICH revealed an AUC of 0.966 (95% CI, 0.955-0.977). Specific doctor groups, such as interns, internal medicine, pediatrics, and emergency junior residents, showed significant improvement with assistance from the CDLA (p= 0.029). However, the CDLA did not show a reduction in the mean diagnostic time. CONCLUSIONS Even though the CDLA may not reduce diagnostic time for ICH detection, unlike our expectation, it can play a role in improving diagnostic accuracy in specific doctor groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ho Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Myong Hun Hahm
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dong Eun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Young Choe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Yun Ahn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sin-Youl Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Suk Hee Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Youngseok Kwak
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine of Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Myungsoo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Son
- Department of Emergency Medicine College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | | | - Ki-Su Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong Kun Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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13
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Karki M, Cho J, Lee E, Hahm MH, Yoon SY, Kim M, Ahn JY, Son J, Park SH, Kim KH, Park S. CT window trainable neural network for improving intracranial hemorrhage detection by combining multiple settings. Artif Intell Med 2020; 106:101850. [PMID: 32593388 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2020.101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Window settings to rescale and contrast stretch raw data from radiographic images such as Computed Tomography (CT), X-ray and Magnetic Resonance images is a crucial step as data pre-processing to examine abnormalities and diagnose diseases. We propose a distant-supervised method for determining automatically the best window settings by attaching a window estimator module (WEM) to a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)-based lesion classifier and training them in conjunction. Aside from predicting a flexible window setting for each raw image, we statistically identify the top four window settings by calculating the mean and standard deviations for the entire dataset. Images are scaled on each of the top settings estimated by WEM and following lesion classifiers are subsequently trained. We study the effects of only using the flexible window, the single fixed window as either a known default window used by radiologists or an estimated mean value, and two different approaches to combine results from the top window settings to improve the detection of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) from brain CT images. Experimental results showed that using the top four window settings identified from the window estimator module and combining the results had the best performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eunmi Lee
- CAIDE Systems Inc., Lowell, MA, USA.
| | - Myong-Hun Hahm
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, South Korea.
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Myungsoo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Yun Ahn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Jeongwoo Son
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, South Korea.
| | - Ki-Hong Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine of Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Sinyoul Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine of Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea.
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14
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Yoon SY, Park K, Park SH, Hwang SK. Progressively enlarging childhood chronic subdural hematoma surgically treated 26 years after diagnosis. Childs Nerv Syst 2019; 35:2431-2434. [PMID: 31435730 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-019-04350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a relatively common disorder. Treatment often requires burr hole drainage or subduroperitoneal shunt placement; some patients are managed conservatively. However, the long-term outcome of untreated pediatric CSDH is unknown. The authors report a case of a huge, progressively enlarging subdural granuloma that was surgically treated 26 years after the initial diagnosis of CSDH. This 30-year-old male patient presented with worsening intermittent atonic seizure-like movements, which had been noted since he was 4 years old. At that time, the patient was diagnosed with CSDH at an outside hospital, but an operation was refused by the parents. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed at 23 years of age showed a huge subdural mass on the right frontoparietal region and a smaller mass on the left side with a significant midline shift. Upon presentation at the age of 30, MRI revealed worsening of the right subdural mass and midline shift. Subsequently, the patient underwent craniotomy and subtotal removal of the mass and capsule. The volume of the content was approximately 430 cc. Untreated pediatric CSDH can grow progressively, even over several decades. Patients with CSDH, especially those managed conservatively, should be closely monitored for worsening symptoms over a long-term follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University, 807, Hoguk-ro, Daegu, Buk-gu, 41404, South Korea
| | - Kisu Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University, 807, Hoguk-ro, Daegu, Buk-gu, 41404, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University, 807, Hoguk-ro, Daegu, Buk-gu, 41404, South Korea
| | - Sung Kyoo Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University, 807, Hoguk-ro, Daegu, Buk-gu, 41404, South Korea.
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15
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Lee C, Park SH, Yoon SY, Park KS, Hwang JH, Hwang SK. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery Using Co-Registration with PET-CT and MRI for Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with Previous Radiotherapy : A Single Center 14-Year Experience. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2019; 63:397-405. [PMID: 31775216 PMCID: PMC7218195 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2019.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in patients who previously underwent radiotherapy, and analyzed the treatment outcomes over 14 years.
Methods Ten patients with recurrent NPC who had previously received radiotherapy underwent stereotactic radiosurgery using a Gamma Knife® (Elekta Inc, Atlanta, GA, USA) between 2005 and 2018. The median target volume was 8.2 cm3 (range, 1.7–17.8), and the median radiation dose to the target was 18 Gy (range, 12–30). The median follow-up period was 18 months (range, 6–76 months). Overall and local failure-free survival rates were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results The NPCs recurred at the primary cancer site in seven patients (70%), as distant brain metastasis in two (20%), and as an extension into brain in one (10%). The recurrent tumors in seven of the 10 patients (70%) were found on the routine follow-up imaging studies. Two patients presented with headache and one with facial pain. Local failure after GKS occurred in five patients (50%) : two of whom died eight and 6 months after GKS, respectively. No adverse radiation effects were noted after GKS. The 1- and 3-year overall survival rates after GKS were 90% and 77%, respectively. The local failure-free survival rates at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years after GKS were 80%, 48%, and 32%, respectively. The median interval from GKS to local failure was 8 months (range, 6–12). Univariate analysis revealed that using co-registration with positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was associated with a lower local failure rate of recurrent NPC (p=0.027).
Conclusion GKS is an acceptable salvage treatment option for patients with recurrent NPC who previously received radiation therapy. PET-CT and MRI co-registration for dose planning can help achieve local control of recurrent NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaejin Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ki-Su Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung-Kyoo Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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16
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Lee SH, Hosseindoust A, Laxman Ingale S, Rathi PC, Yoon SY, Choi JW, Kim JS. Thermostable xylanase derived from Trichoderma citrinoviride increases growth performance and non-starch polysaccharide degradation in broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2019; 61:57-62. [PMID: 31559842 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1673316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this trial was to determine the optimal supplementation level of a xylanase enzyme from Trichoderma citrinoviride on growth performance, apparent ileal and total tract nutrient retention, intestinal morphology, and intestinal concentration of volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.2. A total of 600 broiler chickens (Ross 308) of mixed sex were randomly allotted to four treatments, on the basis of similar body weight. The dietary treatments were made from a corn-wheat-soy based diet supplemented with either 0, 3750, 7500, or 11 250 XU/kg xylanase and were fed to 32 d of age.3. A linear response to increasing dietary xylanase was demonstrated for overall weight gain (P < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and gross energy, and the coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CIAD) of N and soluble non-starch polysaccharides were linearly improved when xylanase was added to the diet (P < 0.05). Moreover, a linear increase (P < 0.05) was observed in the CIAD of Arg, Lys, and Try with increasing dietary levels of xylanase.4. The viscosity of digesta in ileum was linearly decreased when dietary xylanase level increased (P < 0.05).5. An increase in villus height of the duodenum and jejunum were observed with increasing dietary levels of xylanase (linear, P < 0.05).6. Overall, the results showed that the effects of dietary xylanase supplementation on broiler performance was determined through effects on nutrient availability and intestinal morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Swine Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - A Hosseindoust
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - P C Rathi
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd., Thane, India
| | - S Y Yoon
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J W Choi
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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17
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Kim ST, Kang JH, Lee J, Lee HW, Oh SY, Jang JS, Lee MA, Sohn BS, Yoon SY, Choi HJ, Hong JH, Kim MJ, Kim S, Park YS, Park JO, Lim HY. Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin versus gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin as first-line therapy for advanced biliary tract cancers: a multicenter, open-label, randomized, phase III, noninferiority trial. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:788-795. [PMID: 30785198 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) has shown modest activity and tolerable toxicity in a phase II trial for biliary tract cancers (BTCs). Meanwhile, gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin (GEMOX) has been the reference arm in recent phase II and III trials for BTCs. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of XELOX versus GEMOX as first-line therapy for advanced BCTs. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this open-label, randomized, phase III, noninferiority trial, we randomly selected patients with metastatic BCTs to receive GEMOX (gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, and oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 on day 1) or XELOX (capecitabine 1000 mg/m2, twice daily, on days 1-14 and oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 on day 1) as first-line treatment, given every 3 weeks, totaling eight cycles. The primary end point was to prove the noninferiority of XELOX to GEMOX in terms of 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate. RESULTS In total, 114 patients randomly received GEMOX and 108 randomly received XELOX. The median PFS was 5.3 months for the GEMOX group and 5.8 months for the XELOX group. The 6-month PFS rate was 44.5% for the GEMOX group and 46.7% for the XELOX group. The 95% confidence interval of the 6-month PFS rate difference between both groups was -12% to 16%, meeting the criteria for noninferiority of XELOX to GEMOX. There was no difference in objective response (P=0.171) and median overall survival (P=0.131) between both groups. The most common grade three to four adverse events were neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. No patient died of treatment-related causes. The XELOX group had significantly lower frequencies of hospital visits than the GEMOX group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION XELOX showed significant noninferiority to GEMOX in terms of 6-month PFS rate. Thus, XELOX could be an alternative first-line treatment of BCTs. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT01470443).
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Kim
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J H Kang
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju
| | - J Lee
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - H W Lee
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon
| | - S Y Oh
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Dong-A University School of Medicine, Busan
| | - J S Jang
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M A Lee
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Catholic University, Seoul
| | - B S Sohn
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Y Yoon
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul
| | - H J Choi
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J H Hong
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Incheon St Mary's Hospital, Catholic University, Incheon
| | - M-J Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y S Park
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J O Park
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul.
| | - H Y Lim
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul.
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18
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Yoon SY, Choi YJ, Park SH, Hwang JH, Hwang SK. Traumatic Brain Injury in Children under Age 24 Months: Analysis of Demographic Data, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Post-traumatic Seizure. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2017; 60:584-590. [PMID: 28881122 PMCID: PMC5594624 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2016.0707.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children under age 24 months has characteristic features because the brain at this age is rapidly growing and sutures are opened. Moreover, children this age are completely dependent on their parents. We analyzed the demographic data and risk factors for outcomes in TBI patients in this age group to elucidate their clinical characteristics. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and radiological films of children under 24 months who were admitted to Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 2004 to December 2013 for TBI. Specifically, we analyzed age, cause of injury, initial Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, radiological diagnosis, seizure, hydrocephalus, subdural hygroma, and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score, and we divided outcomes into good (GOS 4-5) or poor (GOS 1-3). We identified the risk factors for post-traumatic seizure (PTS) and outcomes using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS The total number of patients was 60, 39 males and 21 females. Most common age group was between 0 to 5 months, and the median age was 6 months. Falls were the most common cause of injury (n=29, 48.3%); among them, 15 were falls from household furniture such as beds and chairs. Ten patients (16.7%) developed PTS, nine in one week; thirty-seven patients (61.7%) had skull fractures. Forty-eight patients had initial GCS scores of 13-15, 8 had scores of 12-8, and 4 had scored 3-7. The diagnoses were as follows: 26 acute subdural hematomas, 8 acute epidural hematomas, 7 focal contusional hemorrhages, 13 subdural hygromas, and 4 traumatic intracerebral hematomas larger than 2 cm in diameter. Among them, two patients underwent craniotomy for hematoma removal. Four patients were victims of child abuse, and all of them had PTS. Fifty-five patients improved to good-to-moderate disability. Child abuse, acute subdural hematoma, and subdural hygroma were risk factors for PTS in univariate analyses. Multivariate analysis found that the salient risk factor for a poor outcome was initial GCS on admission. CONCLUSION The most common cause of traumatic head injury in individuals aged less than 24 months was falls, especially from household furniture. Child abuse, moderate to severe TBI, acute subdural hematoma, and subdural hygroma were risk factors for PTS. Most of the patients recovered with good outcomes, and the risk factor for a poor outcome was initial mental status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Kyoo Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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19
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Yoon SY, Kwak Y, Park J. Adjustable Ghajar Guide Technique for Accurate Placement of Ventricular Catheters: A Pilot Study. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2017; 60:604-609. [PMID: 28881125 PMCID: PMC5594620 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2016.1011.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective An adjustable Ghajar guide is presented to improve the accuracy of the original Ghajar guide technique. The accuracy of the adjustable Ghajar guide technique is also investigated. Methods The coronal adjustment angle from the orthogonal catheter trajectory at Kocher’s point is determined based on coronal head images using an electronic picture archiving and communication system. For the adjustable Ghajar guide, a protractor is mounted on a C-shaped basal plate that is placed in contact with the margin of a burrhole, keeping the central 0° line of the protractor orthogonal to the calvarial surface. A catheter guide, which is moved along the protractor and fixed at the pre-determined adjustment angle, is then used to guide the ventricular catheter into the frontal horn adjacent to the foramen of Monro. The adjustable Ghajar guide technique was applied to 20 patients, while a freehand technique based on the surface anatomy of the head was applied to another 47 patients. The accuracy of the ventricular catheter placement was then evaluated using postoperative computed tomography scans. Results For the adjustable Ghajar guide technique (AGT) patients, the bicaudate index ranged from 0.23 to 0.33 (mean±standard deviation [SD]: 0.27±0.03) and the adjustment angle ranged from 0° to 10° (mean±SD: 5.2°±3.2°). All the AGT patients experienced successful cerebrospinal fluid diversion with only one pass of the catheter. Optimal placement of the ventricular catheter in the ipsilateral frontal horn approximating the foramen of Monro (grade 1) was achieved in 19 patients (95.0%), while a suboptimal trajectory into a lateral corner of the frontal horn passing along a lateral wall of the frontal horn (grade 3) occurred in 1 patient (5.0%). Thus, the AGT patients experienced a significantly higher incidence of optimal catheter placement than the freehand catheterized patients (95.0% vs. 68.3%, p=0.024). Moreover, none of the AGT patients experienced any tract hemorrhages along the catheter or procedure-related complications. Conclusion The proposed adjustable Ghajar guide technique, using angular adjustment in the coronal plane from the orthogonal trajectory at Kocher’s point, facilitates accurate freehand placement of a ventricular catheter for hydrocephalic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery and Research Center for Neurosurgical Robotic Systems, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Youngseok Kwak
- Department of Neurosurgery and Research Center for Neurosurgical Robotic Systems, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jaechan Park
- Department of Neurosurgery and Research Center for Neurosurgical Robotic Systems, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Yoon SY, Park TH, Eun NL, Park YG. The cutoff value of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) for early diagnosis of myelopathy using somatosensory evoked potential in cervical OPLL patients. Spinal Cord 2017; 55:606-611. [PMID: 28220819 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to find out whether ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) characteristics, including size, shape and subtype, can be used to diagnose myelopathy using somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in cervical OPLL patients. SETTING Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 153 cervical OPLL patients who underwent SEP study. OPLL anterior-posterior (AP) diameter, area and involved longitudinal vertebral level were measured. OPLL was classified into subtypes according to longitudinal continuity and shape. Correlation analysis and receiver operating curve were used. RESULTS Tibial SEP latency was significantly correlated with OPLL AP diameter (P=0.001), diameter occupying ratio (P=0.019), area (P=0.007), area occupying ratio (P=0.008), involved longitudinal vertebral level (P=0.028) and space available for the spinal cord (P=0.019). The cutoff values that were diagnostic for SEP prolongation suggesting myelopathy were 4.91 mm for OPLL AP diameter, 6.02 mm for space available for the spinal cord, 44.5% for diameter occupying ratio, 63.4 mm2 for area, 36.1% for area occupying ratio and level 2 for the involved longitudinal vertebral level. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that tibial SEP latency was significantly correlated with OPLL size and suggested cutoff values of OPLL diameter (4.91 mm, 44.5%) and area (63.4 mm2, 36.1%) for early diagnosis of myelopathy. These results can help to establish treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Yoon
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - N L Eun
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yoon SY, Park SH, Hwang JH, Hwang SK. Multiple Cerebral Infarctions due to Unilateral Traumatic Vertebral Artery Dissection after Cervical Fractures. Korean J Neurotrauma 2016; 12:34-7. [PMID: 27182500 PMCID: PMC4866564 DOI: 10.13004/kjnt.2016.12.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of multiple symptomatic cerebral infarctions from a traumatic vertebral artery dissection (VAD) after cervical fractures. A 73-year-old man was admitted with stuporous mentality and left hemiparesis after a motor-vehicle accident. A brain computed tomography (CT) scan at admission showed a traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage on the left parietal lobe. A cervical CT scan showed left lateral mass fractures on C2, C5, and C6, involving the transverse foramen. Cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed loss of signal void on the left vertebral artery. Neck CT angiography showed left VAD starting at the C5 level. Brain MRI revealed acute, multiple cerebral infarctions involving the pons, midbrain, thalamus, corpus callosum, and parietal and frontal lobes on diffusion weighted images. The patient was treated conservatively at the intensive care unit in the acute stage to prevent extent of stroke. Aspirin was started for antiplatelet therapy in the chronic stage. The possibility of symptomatic cerebral infarctions due to traumatic VAD following cervical fracture should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Youl Yoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung-Kyoo Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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Kwon SG, Roh DH, Yoon SY, Choi SR, Choi HS, Moon JY, Kang SY, Kim HW, Han HJ, Beitz AJ, Oh SB, Lee JH. Role of peripheral sigma-1 receptors in ischaemic pain: Potential interactions with ASIC and P2X receptors. Eur J Pain 2016; 20:594-606. [PMID: 26358747 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of peripheral sigma-1 receptors (Sig-1Rs) in normal nociception and in pathologically induced pain conditions has not been thoroughly investigated. Since there is mounting evidence that Sig-1Rs modulate ischaemia-induced pathological conditions, we investigated the role of Sig-1Rs in ischaemia-induced mechanical allodynia (MA) and addressed their possible interaction with acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and P2X receptors at the ischaemic site. METHODS We used a rodent model of hindlimb thrombus-induced ischaemic pain (TIIP) to investigate their role. Western blot was performed to observe changes in Sig-1R expression in peripheral nervous tissues. MA was measured after intraplantar (i.pl.) injections of antagonists for the Sig-1, ASIC and P2X receptors in TIIP rats or agonists of each receptor in naïve rats. RESULTS Sig-1R expression significantly increased in skin, sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglia at 3 days post-TIIP surgery. I.pl. injections of the Sig-1R antagonist, BD-1047 on post-operative days 0-3 significantly attenuated the development of MA during the induction phase, but had no effect on MA when given during the maintenance phase (days 3-6 post-surgery). BD-1047 synergistically increased amiloride (an ASICs blocker)- and TNP-ATP (a P2X antagonist)-induced analgesic effects in TIIP rats. In naïve rats, i.pl. injection of Sig-1R agonist PRE-084 alone did not produce MA; but it did induce MA when co-administered with either an acidic pH solution or a sub-effective dose of αβmeATP. CONCLUSION Peripheral Sig-1Rs contribute to the induction of ischaemia-induced MA via facilitation of ASICs and P2X receptors. Thus, peripheral Sig-1Rs represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ischaemic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - D H Roh
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yoon
- Pain Cognitive Function Research Center, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - S R Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - H S Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - J Y Moon
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - H W Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain Research, Chungnam National University Medical School, Daejeon, Korea
| | - H J Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - A J Beitz
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, USA
| | - S B Oh
- Pain Cognitive Function Research Center, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
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Ng PS, Wen WX, Fadlullah MZH, Yoon SY, Lee SY, Thong MK, Yip CH, Mohd Taib NA, Teo SH. Identification of germline alterations in breast cancer predisposition genes among Malaysian breast cancer patients using panel testing. Clin Genet 2016; 90:315-23. [PMID: 26757417 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although an association between protein-truncating variants and breast cancer risk has been established for 11 genes, only alterations in BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53 and PALB2 have been reported in Asian populations. Given that the age of onset of breast cancer is lower in Asians, it is estimated that inherited predisposition to breast cancer may be more significant. To determine the potential utility of panel testing, we investigated the prevalence of germline alterations in 11 established and 4 likely breast cancer genes in a cross-sectional hospital-based cohort of 108 moderate to high-risk breast cancer patients using targeted next generation sequencing. Twenty patients (19%) were identified to carry deleterious mutations, of whom 13 (12%) were in the BRCA1 or BRCA2, 6 (6%) were in five other known breast cancer predisposition genes and 1 patient had a mutation in both BRCA2 and BARD1. Our study shows that BRCA1 and BRCA2 account for the majority of genetic predisposition to breast cancer in our cohort of Asian women. Although mutations in other known breast cancer genes are found, the functional significance and breast cancer risk have not yet been determined, thus limiting the clinical utility of panel testing in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Ng
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.,University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W X Wen
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.,University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - S Y Yoon
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Y Lee
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M K Thong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C H Yip
- Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N A Mohd Taib
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S H Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. .,University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Lee JH, Yang TU, Lee HW, Yoon SY, Lim CS. Bacteraemia caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum: a clinical approach to Lemierre's syndrome. Br J Biomed Sci 2016; 72:203-5. [PMID: 26738404 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2015.11665754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhao JM, Park WU, Hwang KH, Lee JK, Yoon SY. Biomimetic Deposition of Hydroxyapatite by Mixed Acid Treatment of Titanium Surfaces. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:2552-2555. [PMID: 26413704 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.10266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A simple chemical method was established for inducing bioactivity of Ti metal. In the present study, two kinds of mixed acid solutions were used to treat Ti specimens to induce Ca-P formation. Following a strong mixed acid activation process, Ca-P coatings successfully formed on the Ti surfaces in the simulated body fluid. Strong mixed acid etching was used to increase the roughness of the metal surface, because the porous and rough surfaces allow better adhesion between Ca-P coatings and substrate. Nano-scale modification of titanium surfaces can alter cellular and tissue responses, which may benefit osseointegration and dental implant therapy. Some specimens were treated with a 5 M NaOH aqueous solution, and then heat treated at 600 °C in order to form an amorphous sodium titanate layer on their surface. This treated titanium metal is believed to form a dense and uniform bone-like apatite layer on its surface in a simulated body fluid (SBF). This study proved that mixed acid treatment is not only important for surface passivation but is also another bioactive treatment for titanium surfaces, an alternative to alkali treatment. In addition, mixed acid treatment uses a lower temperature and shorter time period than alkali treatment.
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Jang JW, Cho CH, Kim JY, Koh YE, Woo MK, Kim KA, Yoon SY, Lim MS, Han ET, An S SA, Lim CS. Rapid genotyping of Plasmodium vivax Pvs25 and Pv38 genes by using mismatch specific endonuclease. Trop Biomed 2014; 31:600-606. [PMID: 25776585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mismatch specific endonuclease (MSE) method was used to detect natural polymorphisms in Pvs25 and Pv38 genes of Plasmodium vivax. Eighty seven patients with P. vivax were recruited in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Pvs25 and Pv38 genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the PCR amplicons were mixed with reference DNA sequences. Following the denaturation and gradual annealing, the product mixtures were cleaved by the MSE. Heteroduplex types were readily detected by gel electrophoresis, where extra bands with shorter sizes would appear from the cleavage. After MSE cleavage of 657- bp product from Pvs25 mixtures, three genotypes were detected, while Pv38 mixtures with 1220-bp products presented two genotypes in ROK isolates. After the MSE cleavage, the mismatched samples of Pvs25 and Pv38 were completely sequenced, and the results were in complete agreement with the MSE analyses. In conclusion, genotyping of Pvs25 and Pv38 with MSE cleavage could be a potential method for the high-throughput screening of the large field samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - C H Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y E Koh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M K Woo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K A Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Lim
- BioMedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - E T Han
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - S A An S
- College of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Kyungwon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - C S Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Moon JY, Roh DH, Yoon SY, Choi SR, Kwon SG, Choi HS, Kang SY, Han HJ, Beitz AJ, Oh SB, Lee JH. σ1 receptors activate astrocytes via p38 MAPK phosphorylation leading to the development of mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:5881-97. [PMID: 25158784 PMCID: PMC4290724 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Spinal astrocytes have emerged as important mechanistic contributors to the genesis of mechanical allodynia (MA) in neuropathic pain. We recently demonstrated that the spinal sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 (σ1 receptor) modulates p38 MAPK phosphorylation (p-p38), which plays a critical role in the induction of MA in neuropathic rats. However, the histological and physiological relationships among σ1, p-p38 and astrocyte activation is unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We investigated: (i) the precise location of σ1 receptors and p-p38 in spinal dorsal horn; (ii) whether the inhibition of σ1 receptors or p38 modulates chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced astrocyte activation; and (iii) whether this modulation of astrocyte activity is associated with MA development in CCI mice. KEY RESULTS The expression of σ1 receptors was significantly increased in astrocytes on day 3 following CCI surgery. Sustained intrathecal treatment with the σ1 antagonist, BD-1047, attenuated CCI-induced increase in GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes, and the treatment combined with fluorocitrate, an astrocyte metabolic inhibitor, synergistically reduced the development of MA, but not thermal hyperalgesia. The number of p-p38-ir astrocytes and neurons, but not microglia was significantly increased. Interestingly, intrathecal BD-1047 attenuated the expression of p-p38 selectively in astrocytes but not in neurons. Moreover, intrathecal treatment with a p38 inhibitor attenuated the GFAP expression, and this treatment combined with fluorocitrate synergistically blocked the induction of MA. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Spinal σ1 receptors are localized in astrocytes and blockade of σ1 receptors inhibits the pathological activation of astrocytes via modulation of p-p38, which ultimately prevents the development of MA in neuropathic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Moon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - D H Roh
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, Kyung Hee University School of DentistrySeoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yoon
- Laboratory of Molecular Signal Transduction, Center for Neural Science, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul, Korea
| | - S R Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - S G Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - H S Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Meridian Research Group, Medical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon, Korea
| | - H J Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - A J Beitz
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of MinnesotaSt Paul, MN, USA
| | - S B Oh
- Pain Cognitive Function Research Center, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences College of Natural Sciences, Dental Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
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Park WU, Zhao JM, Hwang KH, Kim TS, Kim JH, Yoon SY, Lee JK. Evaluation of the bonding strength of dental zirconia with veneering porcelains. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2014; 14:7843-7846. [PMID: 25942878 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.9408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of thermo-cycling treatment on the bond strength and flexural strength of porcelain veneered zirconia was evaluated. After thermo-cycling treatment between 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C, porcelain-zirconia bond strength and zirconia flexural strength was not significantly affected. In the phase analyses using XRD after thermo-cycling treatment, both the experimental group and the control group showed only tetragonal phases. That is, the porcelain-zirconia bond strength and zirconia flexural strength were not affected by low temperature degradation. So low temperature aging treatment did not reduce the flexural strength and the effect of temperature applied to the aging treatment could beignorable.
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Jung SW, Kim DS, Yu YD, Ji WB, Park PJ, Choi SB, Park JW, Yoon SY, Han HJ, Song TJ, Choi SY, Suh SO. Does procurement technique affect posttransplant graft function in deceased donor liver transplantation? Transplant Proc 2014; 45:2880-5. [PMID: 24156997 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various techniques have been described deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) procurement. One is a technique whereby almost total dissection is done in the porta hepatis and perihepatic detachment is carried out before cross-clamping the donor aorta. In another approach, after the donor aorta is cross-clamped, rapid and minimal en bloc dissection is performed with minimal manipulation. We evaluated early posttransplant graft function among liver procurement techniques. METHOD Between January 2008 and August 2012, we performed 45 consecutive adult DDLTs. One patient was excluded from this analysis due to early death from sepsis after transplantation. The 44 included patients were divided into two cohorts according to the procurement technique: A warm dissection (n = 23; 52%) and a cold dissection group (n = 21; 48%). We compared early posttransplant graft function using the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (T-bil), and prothrombin time (PT) values of the two groups from the first to seventh postoperative day. RESULT The AST values in the warm group were significantly greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 3 and 5. In addition, the ALT values in the warm group were greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 4, 5, and 6. Moreover, the T-bil values in the warm group were greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. However, there were no differences in PT values. CONCLUSION During liver procurement for DDLT, rapid en bloc procurement with minimal manipulation after clamping the donor aorta achieved better early graft function posttransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Jung
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yoon SY, Kim TB, Baek S, Kim S, Kwon HS, Lee YS, Lee T, Jang AS, Chang YS, Cho SH, Choi BW, Park JW, Nham DH, Yoon HJ, Cho YJ, Park CS, Moon HB, Cho YS. The impact of total antioxidant capacity on pulmonary function in asthma patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:1036-42. [PMID: 23044449 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, mediated by an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of asthma. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) on the pulmonary function of Korean asthma patients. METHOD A total of 104 adult asthma patients enrolled from the COREA (Cohort for Reality and Evolution of Adult Asthma in Korea) programme participated in the study. Baseline clinical parameters at enrolment, and the results of pulmonary function tests at baseline and 1 and 2 years after enrolment were collected. TAC at baseline was measured using a Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity assay. Patients were divided into two groups based on TAC levels, and various clinical parameters were compared. RESULT Serum TAC levels correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) at baseline (r = 0.22, P = 0.03). The group with higher baseline TAC levels maintained greater mean FEV(1) both 1 and 2 years after enrolment, even after adjusting for sex, age, height, weight, body mass index and smoking status. CONCLUSION These results suggest an important link between serum TAC levels and pulmonary function, indicating that higher TAC levels may be a biomarker for favourable prognosis in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Yoon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Yoon SY, Park HS, Yoon HS, Chung JH, Cho S. Utility of epithelial membrane antigen immunostaining in the differentiation between palmoplantar pustulosis and pompholyx. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012; 27:1054-6. [PMID: 22988903 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04702.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yoon SY, Bennett GM. Effects of a stimulus-stimulus pairing procedure on conditioning vocal sounds as reinforcers. Anal Verbal Behav 2012; 17:75-88. [PMID: 22477215 DOI: 10.1007/bf03392957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of stimulus-stimulus pairing on conditioning vocal sounds as reinforcers. Four preschoolers with severe language and communication delays participated. In Experiment 1, an attempt was made to condition vocal sounds as a reinforcer by pairing a specific vocal sound with a reinforcing event (e.g., physical interaction). Results indicated that presentation of a stimulus-stimulus pairing was effective in conditioning the target vocal sounds as reinforcers, which increased the occurrence of vocalizations of those sounds by the participants. Experiment 2 compared the effects of the pairing procedure with those of echoic training. The pairing procedure was identical to that in Experiment 1. In the echoic training condition, the experimenter produced the target vocal sound and gave the participant an opportunity to echo. The same reinforcing stimulus (e.g., physical interaction) was provided contingent upon the occurrence of the target vocal sound emitted by the participant. Results showed that the pairing procedure was more effective than the echoic training. Findings from this study suggest that for these participants, who had no vocal imitation skills, the stimulus-stimulus pairing was an effective procedure for conditioning vocal sounds as reinforcers and increased the probability of occurrence of the vocalization without a direct reinforcement contingency.
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Hwang S, Ahn CS, Kim KH, Moon DB, Ha TY, Song GW, Jung DH, Park GC, Namgoong JM, Yoon SY, Jung SW, Lee SG. Standardization of modified right lobe grafts to minimize vascular outflow complications for adult living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:457-9. [PMID: 22410043 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After >2000 adult living donor liver transplants (LDLTs), we observed minimization of the complication rate using case-by-case modification of venous outflow reconstruction in right liver graft (RLG), standardization seeking intend to provide a hemodynamic- based, regeneration-compliant hepatic outflow reconstruction. METHODS We retrospectively examined 100 consecutive adult LDLT using modified RLG before and after application of RLG standardization to compare the 6-month incidences of vascular outflow complications. RESULT The right hepatic vein stenting rate for first 6 months was 5% in the customized group and 1% in the standardized group (P=.212). The middle hepatic vein stenting rate for first 6 months was 9% in the customized group and 4% in the standardized group (P=.373). The inferior right hepatic vein stenting rate for first 6 months was 12.8% in the customized group and 7.1% in the standardized group (P=.472). The overall 6-month patient survival rate was 94% in the customized group and 95% in the standardized group (P=.867). The overall incidence of significant RLG venous outflow complications was 19% in the customized group and 8% in the standardized group (P=.023). CONCLUSION Standardization as a universal graft model seemed to be more effective and feasible than conventional graft customization requiring individualized case-by-case modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Park HW, Hwang S, Ahn CS, Kim KH, Moon DB, Ha TY, Song GW, Jung DH, Park GC, Namgoong JM, Yoon SY, Park CS, Park YH, Lee HJ, Lee SG. De novo malignancies after liver transplantation: incidence comparison with the Korean cancer registry. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:802-5. [PMID: 22483500 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE De novo malignancy is not uncommon after liver transplantation (OLT). We have compared the incidence of novo malignancy following OLT with those among the general Korean population. METHODS Between January 1998 and December 2008, 1952 adult OLT were performed, including 1714 living donor and 238 deceased donor grafts whose medical records were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Among the 1952 patients, 44 (2.3%) showed de novo malignancies after a mean posttransplant period of 41 months. Among the 14 types of malignancy the most frequent was stomach cancer (n = 11; 25.0%), colorectal cancer (n = 9; 20.5%), breast cancer (n = 4; 9.1%), and thyroid cancer (n = 3; 6.8%). These patients underwent aggressive treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, except for one patient with an aggressive primary liver cancer. Over a mean follow-up of 45 months after diagnosis of de novo malignancy, 13 patients (29.5%) died; the overall 3-year patient survival rate was 67.5%. The relative risk of malignancy following OLT was 7.7-fold higher in men and 7.3-fold higher in women than the Korean general population. CONCLUSIONS OLT recipients must be checked periodically for de novo malignancy throughout their lives, especially for cancers common in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Park
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park J, Chung S, An H, Kim J, Seo J, Kim DH, Yoon SY. Haloperidol and clozapine block formation of autophagolysosomes in rat primary neurons. Neuroscience 2012; 209:64-73. [PMID: 22390943 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Early intervention and maintenance treatment for schizophrenia patients may prolong the duration of exposure to antipsychotic agents; however, there have been few studies on the neurotoxicity of these agents. Here, we investigated the effects of antipsychotics on cell viability and autophagy in rat primary neurons. Cultured cortical neurons obtained from rat embryos were treated with various concentrations of haloperidol and clozapine, and the neuronal toxicity was assessed by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. Autophagosomes were quantitated by measuring the level of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3-II) by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Autophagic flux was assayed using bafilomycin A1 and GFP-mCherry-LC3 transfection. Haloperidol and clozapine decreased the viability of neurons in vitro in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. We also observed increased accumulation of autophagosomes after antipsychotic treatment. Using bafilomycin A1 and GFP-mCherry-LC3 transfection, we discovered that haloperidol and clozapine inhibited autophagosome turnover resulting in a dysfunctional autophagic process, including impaired lysosomal fusion. Together, these results suggest that haloperidol and clozapine negatively affect neuronal viability, possibly by blocking autophagolysosome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Park
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Taib NA, Woo YL, Yoon SY, Kartini R, Thong MK, Yip CH, Teo SH. Early experience in a breast and ovarian cancer risk management clinic in Malaysia. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2012. [PMCID: PMC3327290 DOI: 10.1186/1897-4287-10-s2-a58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kang MW, Lee ES, Yoon SY, Jo J, Lee J, Kim HK, Choi YS, Kim K, Shim YM, Kim J, Kim H. AKR1B10 is associated with smoking and smoking-related non-small-cell lung cancer. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:78-85. [PMID: 21672310 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This prospective study explored the relationship between expression of AKR1B10 mRNA and various clinical parameters in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in terms of its validation as a marker for NSCLC. Tumour tissue samples were collected from 229 patients with NSCLC. Tissue samples from adjacent non-malignant lung tissue (> 5 cm from the tumour) of 89 of these patients and samples from 20 patients with benign lung disease were used as controls. Quantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction showed significantly higher levels of AKR1B10 mRNA expression in NSCLC tumour tissue than in adjacent non-malignant lung tissue and benign lung tissue. Statistically significant factors for AKR1B10 mRNA over-expression were found to be male gender, smoking, squamous cell carcinoma and moderate or poor cell differentiation. It is concluded that AKR1B10 seems to have potential as a prognostic marker for NSCLC and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-W Kang
- Cancer Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yang YX, Guo J, Jin Z, Yoon SY, Choi JY, Wang MH, Piao XS, Kim BW, Chae BJ. Lysine restriction and realimentation affected growth, blood profiles and expression of genes related to protein and fat metabolism in weaned pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 93:732-43. [PMID: 19138351 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of lysine restriction and subsequent realimentation on growth performance, blood profiles and gene expression of leptin and myostatin, 128 weaned pigs [initial body weight (BW) 6.96 ± 1.07 kg, 26 ± 2 days of age] were randomly allotted to four treatments. The starter diets during the first 2 weeks (P1) contained 100%, 80%, 70% or 60% of recommended lysine levels (National Research Council, 1998). Then, common grower 1 and 2 diets were offered for 2 weeks (P2 and P3) each. During P1, average daily gain (ADG) was linearly reduced (p < 0.05) with the increasing levels of lysine restriction. Growth rate was greater in pigs previously fed lysine-restricted diets than well-fed pigs although it did not reach a significant level during realimentation. However, the final BW and overall ADG were the lowest (p < 0.05) and F/G was poor in pigs fed 60% lysine diet. Relative visceral organ weights and composition of skeletal muscle were similar (p > 0.05) among the treatment. Blood triglyceride and glucose levels were increased (p < 0.05) during P1, while blood urine nitrogen, total protein and albumin levels were decreased (p < 0.05) during P2 with the reduction in dietary lysine levels. The abundance of myostatin mRNA in skeletal muscle and leptin mRNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue were lower (p < 0.05) in lysine-restricted pigs than in pigs fed non-restricted diets. In conclusion, 80% and 70% lysine restriction of starter diets resulted in inferior growth and compensatory growth effect was noted during realimentation, while 60% lysine restriction had a negative influence on growth performance. Moreover, the changes in myostatin and leptin mRNA abundance caused by nutritional manipulations may be involved in the regulation of protein and fat deposition in young pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Yang
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Taylor SL, Yoon SY, Morshedi MS, Lacey DR, Jellerette T, Fissore RA, Oehninger S. Complete globozoospermia associated with PLCζ deficiency treated with calcium ionophore and ICSI results in pregnancy. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 20:559-64. [PMID: 20133201 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Globozoospermia is an infrequent pathology in which spermatozoa lack acrosomes. Patients are considered sterile without IVF augmented with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), as fertilization is impaired due to absence of oocyte activation. As far as is known, this is the first study to report results of a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation, aneuploidy, transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting and immunofluorescence for detection of phospholipase C zeta (PLCzeta), as well as ICSI outcome, of an affected patient. Morphological evaluation and transmission electron microscopy revealed complete globozoospermia with significant duplicate heads and tails. Analysis for DNA damage revealed fragmentation rates of approximately 80% in semen and 15-23% in swim-up fractions. PLCzeta was not detected by immunofluorescence or Western blotting. Aneuploidy rates were within normal ranges. ICSI followed by oocyte activation with calcium ionophore resulted in high rates of fertilization, and an ongoing pregnancy was established after transfer of cryopreserved-thawed embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Taylor
- The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Yang YX, Guo J, Yoon SY, Jin Z, Choi JY, Piao XS, Kim BW, Ohh SJ, Wang MH, Chae BJ. Early energy and protein reduction: effects on growth, blood profiles and expression of genes related to protein and fat metabolism in broilers. Br Poult Sci 2009; 50:218-27. [PMID: 19373723 DOI: 10.1080/00071660902736706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. A total of 320-d-old Ross broilers were used in a 6-week study to investigate the effects of feeding lower energy and protein diets from d 8 to 14 on growth performance, blood profiles, and gene expression of leptin and myostatin. 2. Broilers were randomly allotted to 4 treatments, each treatment applied to 4 pens with 20 birds in each. During first week, all the birds were fed on a common starter diet (13.4 MJ ME/kg, 230 g/kg CP and 11.0 g/kg lysine). The birds were then subjected to their respective treatment diets from d 8 to 14. Treatment diets comprised two ME levels, 13.4 and 12.0 MJ/kg, each with two levels of CP, 230 and 184 g/kg. This was followed by feeding common starter and finisher diets for the last 4 weeks. 3. Dietary protein reduction resulted in poor performance and feed efficiency while energy reduction resulted in poor feed efficiency between d 8 and 14. From d 14 to 42 birds previously fed diets lower in energy and protein showed similar body weight gain and feed intake to well-fed birds. Moreover from d 8 to 14, birds fed on energy and protein-reduced diets had lower nutrient metabolisability coefficients. 4. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and relative weights of heart and breast muscle were lower in birds fed protein-reduced diets while energy reduction resulted in lower plasma glucose, abdominal fat and intestinal weight at d 14. At d 42, birds fed on the protein-reduced diets had lower BUN, breast muscle weight and small intestine length, while feeding on the energy-reduced diets resulted in lower abdominal fat. 5. Upregulated myostatin mRNA expression in breast muscle and downregulation of leptin mRNA expression in abdominal fat were observed in birds fed on protein and energy-reduced diets, respectively. 6. In conclusion, early nutrient reduction affected growth performance and produced lesser abdominal fat in broilers. Moreover, early energy and/or protein reduction could change muscle and fat metabolism by regulating the expressions of myostatin and leptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Yang
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Yang YX, Guo J, Jin Z, Yoon SY, Choi JY, Piao XS, Wang MH, Ohh SJ, Kim BW, Chae BJ. Effects of metabolizable energy and lysine restrictions on growth performance, blood profiles, and expression of myostatin and leptin genes in broilers. Can J Anim Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas08042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of metabolizable energy and lysine restriction on performance, and gene expression of leptin and myostatin, three hundred twenty day-old Ross broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four treatments. Birds were subjected to their respective diets comprising two levels of ME (3200; 2880 kcal kg-1) and two levels of lysine (1.10; 0.88%) during days 8 to 21. The dietary crude protein levels were reduced with the proportion to the lysine levels, while ratios of essential amino acids relative to lysine were similar for all diets. During restriction, weight gain, breast muscle and abdominal fat yield were lower in birds fed lysine-restricted diets. Relative myostatin mRNA abundance was increased in breast muscle of lysine-restricted birds, while expression of leptin mRNA in abdominal fat was downregulated by energy and lysine restriction. During realimentation, birds previously fed with energy and/or lysine-restricted diets had comparable performance as birds fed unrestricted diets. At day 42, energy and lysine restriction increased relative myostatin mRNA expression in breast muscle and birds previously fed diet restricted in both energy and lysine had the highest relative myostatin mRNA expression (energy × lysine interaction, P < 0.001). The relative leptin mRNA abundance was significantly lower in birds previously fed energy-restricted diets. These results indicated that early energy and lysine restriction from day 8 to 21 exhibited growth compensation during realimentation. In addition, myostatin and leptin mRNA expression in breast muscle and abdominal fat were modulated by nutritional treatments and were closely associated with changes in breast muscle yield and abdominal fat deposition. Key words: Metabolizable energy, lysine, myostatin, leptin, broiler
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Yang YX, Heo S, Jin Z, Yun JH, Choi JY, Yoon SY, Park MS, Yang BK, Chae BJ. Effects of lysine intake during late gestation and lactation on blood metabolites, hormones, milk composition and reproductive performance in primiparous and multiparous sows. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 112:199-214. [PMID: 18547756 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Modern genotype primiparous and multiparous sows (Yorkshire x Landrace, n=48) were used to evaluate effects of dietary lysine intake during late gestation and lactation, and their interaction on reproductive performance. Sows were randomly allotted to two gestation lysine (G, 0.6% or 0.8% lysine) treatments based on parity in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, and each treatment had 12 replicates comprising 1 sow. Then all the sows were assigned to two lactation lysine (L, 1.0% or 1.3% lysine) treatments within parity and gestation treatments in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design, and each treatment comprised six replicates with 1 sow/replicate during lactation. Feeding higher lysine level during gestation increased sow body weight and backfat thickness (P=0.001) and body condition was better (P=0.001) in multiparous than that of primiparous sows. Both of the lysine levels during lactation and parity influenced sow body condition and reproductive performance (P<0.05). Higher lysine intake during lactation increased the concentrations of total solids (P=0.024), protein (P=0.001) and solids not-fat (P=0.042) in colostrum and total solids (P=0.001), protein (P=0.001), fat (P=0.001) and solids not-fat (P=0.005) in milk. Protein concentration of milk was greater (P=0.001) in multiparous sows than that of primiparous sows. Feeding of high lysine diets resulted in an increment of plasma urea N (P=0.010; P=0.047) and a decrease of creatinine (P=0.045; P=0.002) on the day of postfarrowing and weaning, respectively. Furthermore, as lysine intake increased, the secretions of insulin, FSH, and LH were increased (P<0.05) and multiparous sows showed higher (P<0.05) concentrations of FSH and LH pulses on the day of postfarrowing and weaning, respectively. These results indicated that higher lysine intake than that recommended by NRC [NRC, 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Swine, 10th ed. National Academy Press, 458 Washington, DC] could improve sow performance during late gestation and lactation. Furthermore primiparous sows need higher lysine intake than multiparous sows. Moreover, nutritional impacts on reproduction may be mediated in part through associated effects on circulating LH concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Yang
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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Jin Z, Yang YX, Choi JY, Shinde PL, Yoon SY, Hahn TW, Lim HT, Park Y, Hahm KS, Joo JW, Chae BJ. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Gogu valley) protein as a novel antimicrobial agent in weanling pigs. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1562-72. [PMID: 18344303 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2007-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 280 weaned pigs (Landrace x Yorkshire x Duroc) were used in a 28-d growth study to investigate the effect of feeding different levels of potato proteins on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, small intestinal morphology, and bacterial populations in feces and large intestine. Pigs (initially 6.42 +/- 0.74 kg of BW and 23 +/- 3 d of age) were randomly allotted to 5 treatments on the basis of BW, each treatment composed of 4 pens, each pen having 14 pigs. Dietary treatments included positive control (PC; basal diet + 150 mg/kg apramycin and 10 mg/ kg colistin sulfate); and potato protein (PP), consisting of the basal diet with 0, 0.25, 0.50, or 0.75% of potato protein. Diets were fed in 2 phases: phase I (d 0 to 14 postweaning) and phase 2 (d 14 to 28 postweaning). Potato protein was extracted from a value-added type of the new potato variety, Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Gogu valley, and was shown to have a minimum inhibitory concentration of 300 to 500 mug/mL. Performance of PC was compared with 0.25 to 0.75% PP, whereas linear and quadratic trends of increasing PP (0 to 0.75% PP) were tested. Over the 28-d trial, pigs fed the PC diets showed improved overall ADG (P < 0.05) and G:F (P = 0.090) compared with pigs fed PP, whereas increasing levels of PP linearly improved ADG (P < 0.05), ADFI (P = 0.052), and G:F (P = 0.098). The digestibility of DM and CP in both the phases was greater in PC than PP, and feeding of PP linearly improved the DM digestibility (P < 0.05) in phase II. The bacterial populations in the feces of pigs fed PC and PP were comparable, except for total bacteria and coliform bacteria in the feces at d 14 and 28, which were decreased in PC; and feeding of PP was effective in linearly reducing the populations of microbes in feces and contents of cecum, colon, and rectum. There was linear increase (P < 0.10) in skin-fold thickness in response to phytohemagglutinin with an increase in PP levels. Haemagglutinin titers on d 21 were greater (P = 0.054) in PC, and at d 28 the haemagglutinin titers were quadratically affected in pigs fed PP (P = 0.070). There was a trend toward a decrease in crypt depth (P = 0.068) and a greater villus height:crypt depth ratio (P = 0.082) of ileum in PC compared with PP. These results suggest that PP may be an alternative to medicated feed with antibiotics because it showed antimicrobial activity by effectively reducing the population of coliform bacteria and also improved the performance of weanling pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Jin
- Division of Animal Resources Science, Research Centre for Proteineous Materials, Chosun University, Kwangju, Republic of Korea
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Kim JY, Yoon SY, Park J, Kim YS. Mycophenolic Acid Induces Islet Apoptosis by Regulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:3277-9. [PMID: 17175248 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.10.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor, is widely used as an immunosuppressive drug after transplantations including those of pancreas islet cells. However, recent reports have indicated that MPA has apoptotic effects on islet cells in vitro. To study the effect of MPA on islet cells and determine its mechanism, we used an insulin secreting cell-line, HIT-T15. We examined mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation after MPA treatment, and determining cell death levels using methylthiazdetetrazolium assays. The activations of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK and caspase-3 cleavage were measured by Western blotting. MPA (1, 10, 30 micromol/L) increased cell death and caspase-3 cleavage within 24 hours. Exogenous 500 micromol/L guanosine reversed the MPA-induced islet cell death, but exogenous adenosine did not. MPA 10 micromol/L induced cell apoptosis and increased the activations of JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK. Furthermore, exogenous guanosine, but not exogenous adenosine, reversed these effects induced by MPA. This study demonstrated that MPA may induce islet apoptosis in HIT-T15 cells by increasing activations of JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK in a guanosine-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
Malnutrition is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Daily losses of proteins and amino acids (AAs) into dialysate contribute to this problem. Previous metabolic balance study demonstrated that treatment with 1.1% AA-based dialysis solution is safe and may improve protein malnutrition in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients ingesting low protein intake. Other prospective studies also showed that AA solution can provide nutritional benefit for malnourished PD patients resulting in a significant improvement in some biochemical and/or anthropometric nutritional parameters. However, there are other studies showing no particular improvement in nutritional parameters after long-term use of AA solution. This may be related to the differences in the study design, sample size, methods used to assess nutritional status, and other factors such as dietary intake and comorbidities of study subjects. Published data will be reviewed to further emphasize the nutritional benefit of long-term use of AA solution in malnourished PD patients along with a brief discussion on the various reasons that may partly explain the different study results. We will also present the results of a longitudinal observational study evaluating changes in nutritional parameters following use of one exchange of 1.1% AA solution in malnourished Korean PD patients. A significant improvement of somatic protein status such as lean body mass (LBM) and hand grip strength was observed. No significant change in serum albumin level was noted. Patients with a positive estimated coefficient for LBM in the fitted regression model to the repeated observations over 1 year were classified as responders and patients with neutral or negative coefficient were considered as non-responders. Thirty-one out of 43 malnourished patients (72%) showed nutritional benefit based on the change of LBM. Hand grip strength and back lift strength were significantly higher in responders at baseline. Other baseline parameters did not differ between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Park
- Baxter Asia Pacific Renal, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon S, Yoon SY, Kim Y. Continuously varying exponents in A+B-->0 reaction with long-ranged attractive interaction. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006; 74:021109. [PMID: 17025395 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.74.021109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate kinetics of A+B-->0 reaction with long-range attractive interaction V(r) approximately -r(-2sigma) between A and B or with drift velocity v approximately r(-sigma) in one dimension, where r is the closest distance between A and B . It is analytically shown that dynamical exponents for density of particles (rho) and size of domains (l) continuously vary with sigma when sigma < sigma(c) = 1/2 , while that for the distance between adjacent opposite species (l(AB)) varies when sigma < sigma(c)AB = 7/6 . For sigma > sigma(c)AB diffusive motions dominate the kinetics. These anomalous behaviors with the two crossover values of sigma are supported by numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungchul Kwon
- Department of Physics and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Kwon S, Yoon SY, Kim Y. Anomalous kinetics of attractive A + B-->0 reactions. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006; 73:025102. [PMID: 16605379 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.025102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2005] [Revised: 01/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the kinetics of the A + B-->0 reaction with the attractive interaction between opposite species in one spatial dimension. The attractive interaction leads to isotropic diffusions inside segregated single species domains, and accelerates the reactions of opposite species at the domain boundaries. At equal initial densities of and , we analytically and numerically show that the density of particles (rho), the size of domains (l), the distance between the closest neighbor of same species (lAA), and the distance between adjacent opposite species (lAB) scale in time as rho approximately t(-1/3), lAA approximately t(1/3), and l approximately lAB approximately lAB(2/3), respectively. These dynamical exponents define critical behavior distinguished from the class of uniformly driven systems of hard-core particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungchul Kwon
- Department of Physics and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Abstract
A 64-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of an asymptomatic mass involving the lower lip. Histopathological examination showed a well-circumscribed tumour composed of many lobules separated by thin, fibrous connective tissue. Individual lobules were composed of round or polyhedral tumour cells, which had a characteristic finely granular and vacuolated cytoplasm and eccentric hyperchromatic nuclei. Positive staining was observed with Periodic acid-Shiff, and immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and S-100 protein resulting in a final diagnosis of acinic cell carcinoma. Acinic cell carcinoma represents a well-established, although uncommon, entity in the classification of neoplasms of salivary gland origin. The parotid salivary gland is the most frequent site of acinic cell carcinoma, whereas the lip is a particularly unusual site. The unusual presentation of this tumour may lead to confusion with a mucocele. Given these findings, we suggest that acinic cell carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any mucocele-like mass on the lower lip.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Our Lady of Mercy Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim Y, Yoon SY. Roughness of two-dimensional surfaces with global constraints. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2005; 72:012601. [PMID: 16090016 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.72.012601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2004] [Revised: 01/03/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We study dynamical scaling properties of the two-dimensional surface growth models with global constraints. These include the growth model from a partition function Z = sigma{(h(r)Pi(h = h)(min) (h(max)) 1/2 (1 + z (n(h))), multiparticle-correlated surface growth models and dissociative Q-mer growth models. The equilibrium surfaces of all the models except the dimer model show the same dynamical scaling behavior W2 (L,t) = (1/2piK(G)) ln [L g (t/L(z(W)))] with z(W) = 2.5 and K(G) = 0.916 , whereas the surface in the dimer model has a correction to the scaling. The growing (eroding) surfaces have two phases. The models with z > or = 0 show the normal Kardar-Parisi-Zhang scaling behavior. In contrast the models with -1 < or = z < 0 and multiparticle-correlated growth model manifest grooved surface structures with alpha = 1. The growing surfaces of Q -mer models form rather complex facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yup Kim
- Department of Physics and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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