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López-Cerdá S, Molinaro G, Tello RP, Correia A, Künig S, Steinberger P, Jeltsch M, Hirvonen JT, Barreto G, Stöckl J, Santos HA. Study of the Synergistic Immunomodulatory and Antifibrotic Effects of Dual-Loaded Budesonide and Serpine1 siRNA Lipid-Polymer Nanoparticles Targeting Macrophage Dysregulation in Tendinopathy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:18643-18657. [PMID: 38564504 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal diseases involving tissue injury comprise tendon, ligament, and muscle injury. Recently, macrophages have been identified as key players in the tendon repair process, but no therapeutic strategy involving dual drug delivery and gene delivery to macrophages has been developed for targeting the two main dysregulated aspects of macrophages in tendinopathy, i.e., inflammation and fibrosis. Herein, the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of dual-loaded budesonide and serpine1 siRNA lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) are evaluated in murine and human macrophage cells. The modulation of the gene and protein expression of factors associated with inflammation and fibrosis in tendinopathy is demonstrated by real time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype and a decrease in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines are confirmed in macrophage cell lines and primary cells. The increase in the activity of a matrix metalloproteinase involved in tissue remodelling is proven, and studies evaluating the interactions of LPNs with T cells proved that dual-loaded LPNs act specifically on macrophages and do not induce any collateral effects on T cells. Overall, these dual-loaded LPNs are a promising combinatorial therapeutic strategy with immunomodulatory and antifibrotic effects in dysregulated macrophages in the context of tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra López-Cerdá
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Giuseppina Molinaro
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Rubén Pareja Tello
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Sarojinidevi Künig
- Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Jeltsch
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Helsinki One Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Jouni T Hirvonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Goncalo Barreto
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Orton Orthopedic Hospital, Tenholantie 10, Helsinki 00280, Finland
- Medical Ultrasonics Laboratory (MEDUSA), Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tittes J, Brell J, Fritz P, Jonak C, Stary G, Ressler JM, Künig S, Weninger W, Stöckl J. Regulation of the Immune Cell Repertoire in Psoriasis Patients Upon Blockade of IL-17A or TNFα. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2024; 14:613-626. [PMID: 38459237 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-024-01112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Targeting of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 17A (IL-17A) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) with the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) ixekizumab or adalimumab, respectively, is a successful therapy for chronic plaque psoriasis. The effects of these treatments on immune cell populations in the skin are largely unknown. METHODS In this study, we compared the composition of cutaneous, lesional and non-lesional immune cells and blood immune cells in ixekizumab- or adalimumab-treated patients with psoriasis. RESULTS Our data reveal that both treatments efficiently downregulate T cells, macrophages and different subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) in lesional skin towards levels of healthy skin. In contrast to lesional skin, non-lesional areas in patients harbor only few or no detectable DCs compared to the skin of healthy subjects. Treatment with neither ixekizumab nor adalimumab reversed this DC imbalance in non-lesional skin of psoriatic patients. CONCLUSION Our study shows that anti-IL-17A and anti-TNFα therapy rebalances the immune cell repertoire of lesional skin in psoriatic patients but fails to restore the disturbed immune cell repertoire in non-lesional skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tittes
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jennifer Brell
- Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 19, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pia Fritz
- Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 19, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Constanze Jonak
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Stary
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia M Ressler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarojinidevi Künig
- Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 19, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 19, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Puck A, Künig S, Modak M, May L, Fritz P, Battin C, Radakovics K, Steinberger P, Reipert BM, Crowe BA, Stöckl J. The soluble cytoplasmic tail of CD45 regulates T-cell activation via TLR4 signaling. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:3176-3185. [PMID: 34626426 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The soluble cytoplasmic tail of CD45 (ct-CD45) is a cleavage fragment of CD45, that is generated during the activation of human phagocytes. Upon release to the extracellular space, ct-CD45 binds to human T cells and inhibits their activation in vitro. Here, we studied the potential role of TLR4 as a receptor for ct-CD45. Treatment of Jurkat TLR4/CD14 reporter cells with ct-CD45 induced the upregulation of the reporter gene NFκB-eGFP and could be blocked by inhibitors of TLR4 signaling. Conversely, ct-CD45 did not promote the NFκB-controlled eGFP induction in reporter cells expressing TLR1, TLR2, and TLR6 transgenes and did not lead to the activation of the transcription factors NFκB, AP-1, and NFAT in a Jurkat reporter cell line expressing endogenous TLR5. Moreover, ct-CD45 binds to recombinant TLR4 in an in vitro assay and this association was reduced in the presence of oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine. Blockade of TLR4 with mAb HTA125 partially reversed the ct-CD45-mediated inhibition of T-cell proliferation. Interestingly, targeting of TLR4 with mAb W7C11 also suppressed T-cell proliferation. In summary, the results of this study demonstrate that ct-CD45 acts via a noncanonical TLR4 activation pathway on T cells, which modulates TCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Puck
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarojinidevi Künig
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Madhura Modak
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lara May
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pia Fritz
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claire Battin
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Radakovics
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit M Reipert
- Department of Immunology, Drug Discovery Austria, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brian A Crowe
- Department of Immunology, Drug Discovery Austria, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Jennifer B, Berg V, Modak M, Puck A, Seyerl-Jiresch M, Künig S, Zlabinger GJ, Steinberger P, Chou J, Geha RS, Öhler L, Yachie A, Choe H, Kraller M, Stockinger H, Stöckl J. Transferrin receptor 1 is a cellular receptor for human heme-albumin. Commun Biol 2020; 3:621. [PMID: 33110194 PMCID: PMC7591885 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for living cells. Uptake of iron-loaded transferrin by the transferrin receptor 1 (CD71, TFR) is a major but not sufficient mechanism and an alternative iron-loaded ligand for CD71 has been assumed. Here, we demonstrate that CD71 utilizes heme-albumin as cargo to transport iron into human cells. Binding and endocytosis of heme-albumin via CD71 was sufficient to promote proliferation of various cell types in the absence of transferrin. Growth and differentiation of cells induced by heme-albumin was dependent on heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) function and was accompanied with an increase of the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP). Import of heme-albumin via CD71 was further found to contribute to the efficacy of albumin-based drugs such as the chemotherapeutic Abraxane. Thus, heme-albumin/CD71 interaction is a novel route to transport nutrients or drugs into cells and adds to the emerging function of CD71 as a scavenger receptor. Brell, Berg et al find that iron enters cells not only through iron-transferrin uptake by the transferrin receptor (CD71) but also through uptake of heme-albumin by this receptor and that heme-albumin stimulates proliferation in a manner dependent on heme oxygenase 1. This study presents a new route for iron uptake in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brell Jennifer
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Berg
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Madhura Modak
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Puck
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Seyerl-Jiresch
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarojinidevi Künig
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard J Zlabinger
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children´s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children´s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Leopold Öhler
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Josef Hospital, 1130, Vienna, Austria
| | - Akihiro Yachie
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hyeryun Choe
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Markus Kraller
- Institute of Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Stockinger
- Institute of Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Berg V, Modak M, Brell J, Puck A, Künig S, Jutz S, Steinberger P, Zlabinger GJ, Stöckl J. Iron Deprivation in Human T Cells Induces Nonproliferating Accessory Helper Cells. Immunohorizons 2020; 4:165-177. [PMID: 32284314 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron uptake via the transferrin receptor (CD71) is a pivotal mechanism for T cell proliferation. Yet, it is incompletely understood if targeting of CD71 also affects the differentiation and functional polarization of primary human T cells. In this study, we demonstrate that inhibition of iron ingestion with blocking mAbs against CD71 induces nonproliferating T cells, which release high amounts of IL-2. Targeting of CD71 with blocking or nonblocking mAbs did not alter major signaling pathways and the activation of the transcription factors NF-κB, NFAT, or AP-1 as analyzed in Jurkat T cells. Growth arrest in iron-deficient (Fe-def) T cells was prevented upon addition of exogenous iron in the form of ferric ammonium citrate but was not reversible by exogenous IL-2. Surprisingly, protein synthesis was found to be intact in Fe-def T cells as demonstrated by comparable levels of CD69 upregulation and cytokine production with iron-sufficient T cells upon stimulation with CD3 plus CD28 mAbs. Indeed, high amounts of IL-2 were detectable in the supernatant of Fe-def T cells, which was accompanied with a reduced cell surface expression of IL-2R. When we used such Fe-def T cells in allogeneic MLRs, we observed that these cells acquired an accessory cell function and stimulated the proliferation of bystander T cells by providing IL-2. Thus, the results of our study demonstrate that iron deprivation causes nonproliferating, altruistic T cells that can help and stimulate other immune cells by providing cytokines such as IL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Berg
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Madhura Modak
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jennifer Brell
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Puck
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarojinidevi Künig
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabrina Jutz
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard J Zlabinger
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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