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Harrasser M, Gohil SH, Lau H, Della Peruta M, Muczynski V, Patel D, Miranda E, Grigoriadis K, Grigoriadis A, Granger D, Evans R, Nathwani AC. Inducible localized delivery of an anti-PD-1 scFv enhances anti-tumor activity of ROR1 CAR-T cells in TNBC. Breast Cancer Res 2022; 24:39. [PMID: 35659040 PMCID: PMC9166313 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-022-01531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells can induce powerful immune responses in patients with hematological malignancies but have had limited success against solid tumors. This is in part due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) which limits the activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) including CAR-T cells. We have developed a next-generation armored CAR (F i-CAR) targeting receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), which is expressed at high levels in a range of aggressive tumors including poorly prognostic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The F i-CAR-T is designed to release an anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor upon CAR-T cell activation within the TME, facilitating activation of CAR-T cells and TILs while limiting toxicity. Methods To bolster potency, we developed a F i-CAR construct capable of IL-2-mediated, NFAT-induced secretion of anti-PD-1 single-chain variable fragments (scFv) within the tumor microenvironment, following ROR1-mediated activation. Cytotoxic responses against TNBC cell lines as well as levels and binding functionality of released payload were analyzed in vitro by ELISA and flow cytometry. In vivo assessment of potency of F i-CAR-T cells was performed in a TNBC NSG mouse model. Results F i-CAR-T cells released measurable levels of anti-PD-1 payload with 5 h of binding to ROR1 on tumor and enhanced the cytotoxic effects at challenging 1:10 E:T ratios. Treatment of established PDL1 + TNBC xenograft model with F i-CAR-T cells resulted in significant abrogation in tumor growth and improved survival of mice (71 days), compared to non-armored CAR cells targeting ROR1 (F CAR-T) alone (49 days) or in combination with systemically administered anti-PD-1 antibody (57 days). Crucially, a threefold increase in tumor-infiltrating T cells was observed with F i-CAR-T cells and was associated with increased expression of genes related to cytotoxicity, migration and proliferation. Conclusions Our next-generation of ROR1-targeting inducible armored CAR platform enables the release of an immune stimulating payload only in the presence of target tumor cells, enhancing the therapeutic activity of the CAR-T cells. This technology provided a significant survival advantage in TNBC xenograft models. This coupled with its potential safety attributes merits further clinical evaluation of this approach in TNBC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13058-022-01531-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Harrasser
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.,Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Free NHS Trust Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Satyen Harish Gohil
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Hiu Lau
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Marco Della Peruta
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Vincent Muczynski
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.,Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Free NHS Trust Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK.,NovalGen Ltd, University College London, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Dominic Patel
- Biobank and Pathology Translational Technology Platform, CRUK-UCL Centre, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
| | - Elena Miranda
- Biobank and Pathology Translational Technology Platform, CRUK-UCL Centre, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
| | - Kristiana Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - David Granger
- NovalGen Ltd, University College London, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Rachel Evans
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.,Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Free NHS Trust Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK.,Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Amit Chunilal Nathwani
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, WC1E 6DD, UK. .,Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Free NHS Trust Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK. .,NovalGen Ltd, University College London, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
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Pedersen CB, Dam SH, Barnkob MB, Leipold MD, Purroy N, Rassenti LZ, Kipps TJ, Nguyen J, Lederer JA, Gohil SH, Wu CJ, Olsen LR. cyCombine allows for robust integration of single-cell cytometry datasets within and across technologies. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1698. [PMID: 35361793 PMCID: PMC8971492 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining single-cell cytometry datasets increases the analytical flexibility and the statistical power of data analyses. However, in many cases the full potential of co-analyses is not reached due to technical variance between data from different experimental batches. Here, we present cyCombine, a method to robustly integrate cytometry data from different batches, experiments, or even different experimental techniques, such as CITE-seq, flow cytometry, and mass cytometry. We demonstrate that cyCombine maintains the biological variance and the structure of the data, while minimizing the technical variance between datasets. cyCombine does not require technical replicates across datasets, and computation time scales linearly with the number of cells, allowing for integration of massive datasets. Robust, accurate, and scalable integration of cytometry data enables integration of multiple datasets for primary data analyses and the validation of results using public datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bligaard Pedersen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet-Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Helweg Dam
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mike Bogetofte Barnkob
- Centre for Cellular Immunotherapy of Haematological Cancer Odense (CITCO), Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael D Leipold
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Noelia Purroy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Laura Z Rassenti
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J Kipps
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Arthur Lederer
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Satyen Harish Gohil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lars Rønn Olsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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Gohil SH, Maciocia N, Patrick P, Roberts T, Counsell N, Smith P, Clifton-Hadley L, Cwynarski K, Pettitt A, Nathwani AC. LenD: a study to establish the safety and efficacy of lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 59:1730-1733. [PMID: 29164978 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1399311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Dexamethasone/administration & dosage
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Humans
- Lenalidomide/administration & dosage
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/mortality
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Recurrence
- Retreatment
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyen Harish Gohil
- a Department of Academic Haematology , University College London Cancer Institute , London , UK
- b Department of Haematology , University College London Hospital, University College Hospital , London , UK
| | - Nicola Maciocia
- b Department of Haematology , University College London Hospital, University College Hospital , London , UK
| | - Pip Patrick
- c CRUK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre , London , UK
| | | | | | - Paul Smith
- c CRUK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre , London , UK
| | | | - Kate Cwynarski
- b Department of Haematology , University College London Hospital, University College Hospital , London , UK
| | - Andrew Pettitt
- d North West Cancer Research Centre , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - Amit Chunilal Nathwani
- a Department of Academic Haematology , University College London Cancer Institute , London , UK
- b Department of Haematology , University College London Hospital, University College Hospital , London , UK
- e National Health Services Blood and Transplant , Watford , Hertfordshire , UK
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Gohil SH, Paredes-Moscosso SR, Harrasser M, Vezzalini M, Scarpa A, Morris E, Davidoff AM, Sorio C, Nathwani AC, Della Peruta M. An ROR1 bi-specific T-cell engager provides effective targeting and cytotoxicity against a range of solid tumors. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1326437. [PMID: 28811962 PMCID: PMC5543882 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1326437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a humanized bi-specific T-cell engager (BiTE) targeting receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), a cell surface antigen present on a range of malignancies and cancer-initiating cells. Focusing initially on pancreatic cancer, we demonstrated that our ROR1 BiTE results in T cell mediated and antigen-specific cytotoxicity against ROR1-expressing pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro at exceedingly low concentrations (0.1 ng/mL) and low effector to target ratios. Our BiTE prevented engraftment of pancreatic tumor xenografts in murine models and reduced the size of established subcutaneous tumors by at least 3-fold. To validate its wider therapeutic potential, we next demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against ovarian cancer in an in vitro and in vivo setting and T-cell-mediated killing of a range of histologically distinct solid tumor cell lines. Overall, our ROR1 BiTE represents a promising immunotherapy approach, because of its ability to target a broad range of malignancies, many with significant unmet therapeutic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyen Harish Gohil
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Micaela Harrasser
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.,Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, London, UK
| | - Marzia Vezzalini
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona Medical School, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona Medical School, Verona, Italy
| | - Emma Morris
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London, UK
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Claudio Sorio
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona Medical School, Verona, Italy
| | - Amit Chunilal Nathwani
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.,Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, London, UK.,National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Oak House, Reeds Crescent, Watford, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Marco Della Peruta
- Department of Academic Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
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