1
|
Knežević Ž, Stolarczyk L, Ambrožová I, Caballero-Pacheco MÁ, Davídková M, De Saint-Hubert M, Domingo C, Jeleń K, Kopeć R, Krzempek D, Majer M, Miljanić S, Mojżeszek N, Romero-Expósito M, Martínez-Rovira I, Harrison RM, Olko P. Out-of-Field Doses Produced by a Proton Scanning Beam Inside Pediatric Anthropomorphic Phantoms and Their Comparison With Different Photon Modalities. Front Oncol 2022; 12:904563. [PMID: 35957900 PMCID: PMC9361051 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.904563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2010, EURADOS Working Group 9 (Radiation Dosimetry in Radiotherapy) has been involved in the investigation of secondary and scattered radiation doses in X-ray and proton therapy, especially in the case of pediatric patients. The main goal of this paper is to analyze and compare out-of-field neutron and non-neutron organ doses inside 5- and 10-year-old pediatric anthropomorphic phantoms for the treatment of a 5-cm-diameter brain tumor. Proton irradiations were carried out at the Cyclotron Centre Bronowice in IFJ PAN Krakow Poland using a pencil beam scanning technique (PBS) at a gantry with a dedicated scanning nozzle (IBA Proton Therapy System, Proteus 235). Thermoluminescent and radiophotoluminescent dosimeters were used for non-neutron dose measurements while secondary neutrons were measured with track-etched detectors. Out-of-field doses measured using intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) were compared with previous measurements performed within a WG9 for three different photon radiotherapy techniques: 1) intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), 2) three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D CDRT) performed on a Varian Clinac 2300 linear accelerator (LINAC) in the Centre of Oncology, Krakow, Poland, and 3) Gamma Knife surgery performed on the Leksell Gamma Knife (GK) at the University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia. Phantoms and detectors used in experiments as well as the target location were the same for both photon and proton modalities. The total organ dose equivalent expressed as the sum of neutron and non-neutron components in IMPT was found to be significantly lower (two to three orders of magnitude) in comparison with the different photon radiotherapy techniques for the same delivered tumor dose. For IMPT, neutron doses are lower than non-neutron doses close to the target but become larger than non-neutron doses further away from the target. Results of WG9 studies have provided out-of-field dose levels required for an extensive set of radiotherapy techniques, including proton therapy, and involving a complete description of organ doses of pediatric patients. Such studies are needed for validating mathematical models and Monte Carlo simulation tools for out-of-field dosimetry which is essential for dedicated epidemiological studies which evaluate the risk of second cancers and other late effects for pediatric patients treated with radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Željka Knežević
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- *Correspondence: Željka Knežević,
| | - Liliana Stolarczyk
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAN, Krakow, Poland
| | - Iva Ambrožová
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CAS, Řež, Czechia
| | | | - Marie Davídková
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CAS, Řež, Czechia
| | | | | | - Kinga Jeleń
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAN, Krakow, Poland
- Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Renata Kopeć
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAN, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Maite Romero-Expósito
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Skandion Clinic, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Roger M. Harrison
- University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Paweł Olko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAN, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Majer M, Ambrožová I, Davídková M, De Saint-Hubert M, Kasabašić M, Knežević Ž, Kopeć R, Krzempek D, Krzempek K, Miljanić S, Mojżeszek N, Veršić I, Stolarczyk L, Harrison RM, Olko P. Out-of-field doses in pediatric craniospinal irradiations with 3D-CRT, VMAT and scanning proton radiotherapy - a phantom study. Med Phys 2022; 49:2672-2683. [PMID: 35090187 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) has greatly increased survival rates for patients with a diagnosis of medulloblastoma and other primitive neuroectodermal tumors. However, as it includes exposure of a large volume of healthy tissue to unwanted doses, there is a strong concern about the complications of the treatment, especially for the children. To estimate the risk of second cancers and other unwanted effects, out-of-field dose assessment is necessary. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare out-of-field doses in pediatric CSI treatment using conventional and advanced photon radiotherapy (RT) and advanced proton therapy. To our knowledge, it is the first such comparison based on in-phantom measurements. Additionally, for out-of-field doses during photon RT in this and other studies, comparisons were made using analytical modeling. METHODS In order to describe the out-of-field doses absorbed in a pediatric patient during actual clinical treatment, an anthropomorphic phantom which mimics the 10-year-old child was used. Photon 3D-conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and two advanced, highly conformal techniques: photon volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and active pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton radiotherapy were used for CSI treatment. Radiophotoluminescent (RPL) and poly-allyl-diglycol-carbonate (PADC) nuclear track detectors were used for photon and neutron dosimetry in the phantom, respectively. Out-of-field doses from neutrons were expressed in terms of dose equivalent. A two-Gaussian model was implemented for out-of-field doses during photon RT. RESULTS The mean VMAT photon doses per target dose to all organs in this study were under 50% of the target dose (i.e., <500 mGy/Gy), while the mean 3D-CRT photon dose to oesophagus, gall bladder and thyroid, exceeded that value. However, for 3D-CRT, better sparing was achieved for eyes and lungs. The mean PBS photon doses for all organs were up to 3 orders of magnitude lower compared to VMAT and 3D-CRT and exceeded 10 mGy/Gy only for the oesophagus, intestine and lungs. The mean neutron dose equivalent during PBS for 8 organs of interest (thyroid, breasts, lungs, liver, stomach, gall bladder, bladder, prostate) ranged from 1.2 mSv/Gy for bladder to 23.1 mSv/Gy for breasts. Comparison of out-of-field doses in this and other phantom studies found in the literature showed that a simple and fast two-Gaussian model for out-of-field doses as a function of distance from the field edge can be applied in a CSI using photon RT techniques. CONCLUSIONS PBS is the most promising technique for out-of-field dose reduction in comparison to photon techniques. Among photon techniques, VMAT is a preferred choice for most of out-of-field organs and especially for the thyroid, while doses for eyes, breasts and lungs, are lower for 3D-CRT. For organs outside the field edge, a simple analytical model can be helpful for clinicians involved in treatment planning using photon RT but also for retrospective data analysis for cancer risk estimates and epidemiology in general. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Majer
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Iva Ambrožová
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Řež, CZ-250 68, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Davídková
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Řež, CZ-250 68, Czech Republic
| | | | - Mladen Kasabašić
- Osijek University Hospital, Osijek, 31000, Croatia.,Faculty of Medicine Osijek, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, 31000, Croatia
| | | | - Renata Kopeć
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, 31-342, Poland
| | - Dawid Krzempek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, 31-342, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Krzempek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, 31-342, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Mojżeszek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, 31-342, Poland
| | - Ivan Veršić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Liliana Stolarczyk
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, 31-342, Poland.,Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Roger M Harrison
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Paweł Olko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, 31-342, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gerić M, Gajski G, Mihaljević B, Miljanić S, Domijan AM, Garaj-Vrhovac V. Radioprotective properties of food colorant sodium copper chlorophyllin on human peripheral blood cells in vitro. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2019; 845:403027. [PMID: 31561900 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sodium copper chlorophyllin (CHL) is a food colorant that exhibits many beneficial properties, including potential for use in radiotherapy. Nevertheless, genotoxicity studies investigating radioprotective properties against γ-radiation on human cells are rather scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and induction of malondialdehyde formation on CHL pre-treated whole blood cells after an absorbed dose of 5 Gy γ-radiation. Irradiated whole blood cells pre-treated with 100, 500, and 1000 μg/mL CHL showed less DNA-strand breaks (10.92 ± 0.74%, 10.69 ± 0.68%, and 8.81 ± 0.69%, respectively) than untreated irradiated cells (12.58 ± 0.88%). At the same time, the level of malondialdehyde was lower in CHL pre-treated samples with 100, 500, and 1000 μg/mL CHL (14.11 ± 0.43, 16.35 ± 2.82, and 13.08 ± 1.03 μmol/L, respectively) compared to untreated irradiated samples (24.11 ± 0.25 μmol/L). Regarding cytotoxicity, no changes were observed in the samples tested. Another important finding is that CHL had no cyto/genotoxic properties toward human blood cells. Taken together, since CHL had no cyto/genotoxic effects and showed good radioprotective properties in human blood cells, further studies should be conducted in order to find its possible application in radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Gerić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Goran Gajski
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Saveta Miljanić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana-Marija Domijan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vera Garaj-Vrhovac
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stolarczyk L, Trinkl S, Romero-Expósito M, Mojżeszek N, Ambrozova I, Domingo C, Davídková M, Farah J, Kłodowska M, Knežević Ž, Liszka M, Majer M, Miljanić S, Ploc O, Schwarz M, Harrison RM, Olko P. Dose distribution of secondary radiation in a water phantom for a proton pencil beam-EURADOS WG9 intercomparison exercise. Phys Med Biol 2018; 63:085017. [PMID: 29509148 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aab469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Systematic 3D mapping of out-of-field doses induced by a therapeutic proton pencil scanning beam in a 300 × 300 × 600 mm3 water phantom was performed using a set of thermoluminescence detectors (TLDs): MTS-7 (7LiF:Mg,Ti), MTS-6 (6LiF:Mg,Ti), MTS-N (natLiF:Mg,Ti) and TLD-700 (7LiF:Mg,Ti), radiophotoluminescent (RPL) detectors GD-352M and GD-302M, and polyallyldiglycol carbonate (PADC)-based (C12H18O7) track-etched detectors. Neutron and gamma-ray doses, as well as linear energy transfer distributions, were experimentally determined at 200 points within the phantom. In parallel, the Geant4 Monte Carlo code was applied to calculate neutron and gamma radiation spectra at the position of each detector. For the cubic proton target volume of 100 × 100 × 100 mm3 (spread out Bragg peak with a modulation of 100 mm) the scattered photon doses along the main axis of the phantom perpendicular to the primary beam were approximately 0.5 mGy Gy-1 at a distance of 100 mm and 0.02 mGy Gy-1 at 300 mm from the center of the target. For the neutrons, the corresponding values of dose equivalent were found to be ~0.7 and ~0.06 mSv Gy-1, respectively. The measured neutron doses were comparable with the out-of-field neutron doses from a similar experiment with 20 MV x-rays, whereas photon doses for the scanning proton beam were up to three orders of magnitude lower.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Stolarczyk
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland. Skandionkliniken, von Kraemers Allé 26, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden. Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Benković T, Kenđel A, Parlov-Vuković J, Kontrec D, Chiş V, Miljanić S, Galić N. Multiple dynamics of aroylhydrazone induced by mutual effect of solvent and light - spectroscopic and computational study. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.01.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
6
|
Benković T, Kenđel A, Parlov-Vuković J, Kontrec D, Chiş V, Miljanić S, Galić N. Aromatic hydrazones derived from nicotinic acid hydrazide as fluorimetric pH sensing molecules: Structural analysis by computational and spectroscopic methods in solid phase and in solution. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 190:259-267. [PMID: 28938170 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Structural analyses of aroylhydrazones were performed by computational and spectroscopic methods (solid state NMR, 1 and 2D NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR (ATR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrometry and spectrofluorimetry) in solid state and in solution. The studied compounds were N'-(2,3-dihydroxyphenylmethylidene)-3-pyridinecarbohydrazide (1), N'-(2,5-dihydroxyphenylmethylidene)-3-pyridinecarbohydrazide (2), N'-(3-chloro-2-hydroxy-phenylmethylidene)-3-pyridinecarbohydrazide (3), and N'-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl-methylidene)-3-pyridinecarbohydrazide (4). Both in solid state and in solution, all compounds were in ketoamine form (form I, CONHNC), stabilized by intramolecular H-bond between hydroxyl proton and nitrogen atom of the CN group. In solid state, the CO group of 1-4 were involved in additional intermolecular H-bond between closely packed molecules. Among hydrazones studied, the chloro- and methoxy-derivatives have shown pH dependent and reversible fluorescence emission connected to deprotonation/protonation of salicylidene part of the molecules. All findings acquired by experimental methods (NMR, IR, Raman, and UV-Vis spectra) were in excellent agreement with those obtained by computational methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Benković
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Kenđel
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - D Kontrec
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, PO Box 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Chiş
- Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - S Miljanić
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Galić
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Majer M, Knežević Ž, Liu H, Hršak H, Miljanić S, Zhuo W, Heinrich Z. Paediatric organ doses from CT-simulation in brain tumour GK radiosurgery treatment – Phantom study. RADIAT MEAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
8
|
Schneider CW, Newhauser WD, Wilson LJ, Schneider U, Kaderka R, Miljanić S, Knežević Ž, Stolarcyzk L, Durante M, Harrison RM. A descriptive and broadly applicable model of therapeutic and stray absorbed dose from 6 to 25 MV photon beams. Med Phys 2017; 44:3805-3814. [PMID: 28429827 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a simple model of therapeutic and stray absorbed dose for a variety of treatment machines and techniques without relying on proprietary machine-specific parameters. METHODS Dosimetry measurements conducted in this study and from the literature were used to develop an analytical model of absorbed dose from a variety of treatment machines and techniques in the 6 to 25 MV interval. A modified one-dimensional gamma-index analysis was performed to evaluate dosimetric accuracy of the model on an independent dataset consisting of measured dose profiles from seven treatment units spanning four manufacturers. RESULTS The average difference between the calculated and measured absorbed dose values was 9.9% for those datasets on which the model was trained. Additionally, these results indicate that the model can provide accurate calculations of both therapeutic and stray radiation dose from a wide variety of radiotherapy units and techniques. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a simple analytical model of absorbed dose from external beam radiotherapy treatments in the 6 to 25 MV beam energy range. The model has been tested on measured data from multiple treatment machines and techniques, and is broadly applicable to contemporary external beam radiation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Schneider
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803-4001, USA
| | - Wayne D Newhauser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803-4001, USA.,Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, 4950 Essen Lane, Baton Rouge, LA, 70809, USA
| | - Lydia J Wilson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803-4001, USA
| | - Uwe Schneider
- Faculty of Science, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Radiotherapy, Hirslanden Medical Center, Rain 34, 5000, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Robert Kaderka
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Department of Biophysics, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany
| | - Saveta Miljanić
- Ruder Bošković Institute, Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, Bijenićka 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željka Knežević
- Ruder Bošković Institute, Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, Bijenićka 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Liliana Stolarcyzk
- Bronowice Cyclotron Centre, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marco Durante
- Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA), National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Roger M Harrison
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rühm W, Fantuzzi E, Harrison R, Schuhmacher H, Vanhavere F, Alves J, Bottollier Depois JF, Fattibene P, Knežević Ž, Lopez MA, Mayer S, Miljanić S, Neumaier S, Olko P, Stadtmann H, Tanner R, Woda C. EURADOS strategic research agenda: vision for dosimetry of ionising radiation. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2016; 168:223-34. [PMID: 25752758 PMCID: PMC4884873 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Since autumn 2012, the European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) has been developing its Strategic Research Agenda (SRA), which is intended to contribute to the identification of future research needs in radiation dosimetry in Europe. The present article summarises-based on input from EURADOS Working Groups (WGs) and Voting Members-five visions in dosimetry and defines key issues in dosimetry research that are considered important for the next decades. The five visions include scientific developments required towards (a) updated fundamental dose concepts and quantities, (b) improved radiation risk estimates deduced from epidemiological cohorts, (c) efficient dose assessment for radiological emergencies, (d) integrated personalised dosimetry in medical applications and (e) improved radiation protection of workers and the public. The SRA of EURADOS will be used as a guideline for future activities of the EURADOS WGs. A detailed version of the SRA can be downloaded as a EURADOS report from the EURADOS website (www.eurados.org).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Rühm
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - E Fantuzzi
- Radiation Protection Institute, ENEA, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - H Schuhmacher
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - F Vanhavere
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - J Alves
- Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), CTN, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J F Bottollier Depois
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - P Fattibene
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Ž Knežević
- Ruđer Bošković Institute (RBI), Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M A Lopez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Mayer
- Paul Scherer Institut (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S Miljanić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute (RBI), Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Neumaier
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - P Olko
- Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej (IFJ), Krakow, Poland
| | - H Stadtmann
- Seibersdorf Labor GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - R Tanner
- Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, UK
| | - C Woda
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Farah J, Mares V, Romero-Expósito M, Trinkl S, Domingo C, Dufek V, Klodowska M, Kubancak J, Knežević Ž, Liszka M, Majer M, Miljanić S, Ploc O, Schinner K, Stolarczyk L, Trompier F, Wielunski M, Olko P, Harrison RM. Measurement of stray radiation within a scanning proton therapy facility: EURADOS WG9 intercomparison exercise of active dosimetry systems. Med Phys 2015; 42:2572-84. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4916667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
11
|
Alves J, Bottollier-Depois JF, Fantuzzi E, Fattibene P, Lopez MA, Mayer S, Miljanić S, Olko P, Rühm W, Schuhmacher H, Stadtmann H, Vanhavere F. Letter to the editor. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2015; 163:268. [PMID: 24854851 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Alves
- Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), CTN, Portugal
| | - J F Bottollier-Depois
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - E Fantuzzi
- ENEA, Radiation Protection Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Fattibene
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - M A Lopez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) Madrid, Spain
| | - S Mayer
- Paul Scherer Institut (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S Miljanić
- Rud̄er Bošković Institute (RBI), Zagreb, Croatia
| | - P Olko
- Instytut Fizyki Ja¸drowej (IFJ), Krakow, Poland
| | - W Rühm
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - H Schuhmacher
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - H Stadtmann
- Seibersdorf Labor GmbH. Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - F Vanhavere
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Mol, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Miljanić S, Bordy JM, d'Errico F, Harrison R, Olko P. Out-of-field dose measurements in radiotherapy – An overview of activity of EURADOS Working Group 9: Radiation protection in medicine. RADIAT MEAS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
13
|
Stolarczyk L, Knežević Ž, Adamek N, Algranati C, Ambrozova I, Domingo C, Dufek V, Farah J, Fellin F, Klodowska M, Kubancak J, Liszka M, Majer M, Mares V, Miljanić S, Ploc O, Romero-Expósito M, Schinner K, Schwarz M, Trinkl S, Trompier F, Wielunski M, Harrison R, Olko P. Comparison of passive dosimeters for secondary radiation measurements in scanning proton radiotherapy. Phys Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2014.07.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
14
|
Miljanić S, Hršak H, Knežević Ž, Majer M, Heinrich Z. Peripheral doses in children undergoing Gamma Knife radiosurgery and second cancer risk. RADIAT MEAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
15
|
Miljanić S, Bibić J, Blagus S, Mihaljević B, Vekić B. Dose reassessment of LiF:Mg,Ti detectors in the mixed fields. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
16
|
Knežević Ž, Beck N, Milković Đ, Miljanić S, Ranogajec-Komor M. Characterisation of RPL and TL dosimetry systems and comparison in medical dosimetry applications. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
17
|
Gajski G, Milković D, Ranogajec-Komor M, Miljanić S, Garaj-Vrhovac V. Application of dosimetry systems and cytogenetic status of the child population exposed to diagnostic X-rays by use of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay. J Appl Toxicol 2010; 31:608-17. [PMID: 21089162 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Low-dose ionizing radiation used for medical purposes is one of the definite risk factors for cancer development, and children exposed to ionizing radiation are at a relatively greater cancer risk as they have more rapidly dividing cells than adults and have longer life expectancy. Since cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN Cyt) assay has become one of the standard endpoints for radiation biological dosimetry, we used that assay in the present work for the assessment of different types of chromosomal damage in children exposed to diagnostic X-ray procedures. Twenty children all with pulmonary diseases between the ages of 4 and 14 years (11.30 ± 2.74) were evaluated. Absorbed dose measurements were conducted for posterior-anterior projection on the forehead, thyroid gland, gonads, chest and back. Doses were measured using thermoluminescence and radiophotoluminescent dosimetry systems. It was shown that, after diagnostic X-rays, the mean total number of CBMN Cyt assay parameters (micronucleus, nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds) was significantly higher than prior to diagnostic procedure and that interindividual differences existed for each monitored child. For the nuclear division index counted prior and after examination, no significant differences were noted among mean group values. These data suggest that even low-dose diagnostic X-ray exposure may induce damaging effect in the somatic DNA of exposed children, indicating that immense care should be given in both minimizing and optimizing radiation exposure to diminish the radiation burden, especially in the youngest population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goran Gajski
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Järvinen H, Buls N, Clerinx P, Jansen J, Miljanić S, Nikodemová D, Ranogajec-Komor M, d'Errico F. Overview of double dosimetry procedures for the determination of the effective dose to the interventional radiology staff. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 129:333-339. [PMID: 18483007 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncn082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In interventional radiology, for an accurate determination of effective dose to the staff, measurements with two dosemeters have been recommended, one located above and one under the protective apron. Such 'double dosimetry' practices and the algorithms used for the determination of effective dose were reviewed in this study by circulating a questionnaire and by an extensive literature search. The results indicated that regulations for double dosimetry almost do not exist and there is no firm consensus on the most suitable calculation algorithms. The calculation of effective dose is mainly based on the single dosemeter measurements, in which either personal dose equivalent, directly, (dosemeter below the apron) or a fraction of personal dose equivalent (dosemeter above the apron) is taken as an assessment of effective dose. The most recent studies suggest that there might not be just one double dosimetry algorithm that would be optimum for all interventional radiology procedures. Further investigations in several critical configurations of interventional radiology procedures are needed to assess the suitability of the proposed algorithms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Järvinen
- Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK), PO Box 14, FIN-00881 Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Miljanić S, Ranogajec-Komor M, Blagus S, Pálfalvi J, Pázmándi T, Deme S, Szántó P. Response of radiophotoluminescent dosimeters to neutrons. RADIAT MEAS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
21
|
|
22
|
Abstract
Determination of gamma ray dose in mixed neutron+gamma ray fields is still a demanding task. Dosemeters used for gamma ray dosimetry are usually in some extent sensitive to neutrons and their response variations depend on neutron energy i.e., on neutron spectra. Besides, it is necessary to take into account the energy dependence of dosemeter responses to gamma rays. In this work, several types of thermoluminescent detectors (TLD) placed in different holders used for gamma ray dose determination in the mixed fields were examined. Dosemeters were from three different institutions: Ruder Bosković Institute (RBI), Croatia, JoZef Stefan Institute (JSI), Slovenia and Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear (ARN), Argentina. All dosemeters were irradiated during the International Intercomparison of Criticality Accident Dosimetry Systems at the SILENE Reactor, Valduc, June 2002. Three accidental scenarios were reproduced and in each irradiation the dosemeters were exposed placed on the front of phantom and 'free in air'. Following types of TLDs were used: 7LiF (TLD-700), CaF2:Mn and Al2O3:Mg,Y-all from RBI; CaF2:Mn from JSI and 7LiF (TLD-700) from ARN. Reported doses were compared with the reference values as well as with the values obtained from the results of all participants. The results show satisfactory agreement with other dosimetry systems used in the Intercomparison. The influence of different types of holders and applied corrections of dosemeters' readings are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saveta Miljanić
- Ruder Bosković Institute, Bijenicka 54 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Miljanić S, Razem D. Neutron response of the chlorobenzene-ethanol-trimethylpentane dosimetry system. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2007; 126:198-205. [PMID: 17522040 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncm042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The dosimetric use of the chemical solution chlorobenzene-ethanol-trimethylpentane (CET) is based on the radiolytic formation of hydrochloric acid, which protonates a pH indicator thymolsulphonphthalein. On the basis of the CET solution, an accident and emergency personal dosemeter was designed allowing doses in the range 0.2-15 Gy can be measured. Radiation-chemical yields, G(HCl), for the CET system, and the responses of dosemeters in different neutron fields, ranging from 0.35 to 19.3 MeV mean energy neutrons, are summarised. The relation of G(HCl) to linear energy transfer (LET) of incident heavy charged particles is also evaluated on the basis of the previously published data. The response of the CET system to monoenergetic neutrons was calculated from the measured dependence of the G value upon LET of heavy charged particles and data about the LET distribution for monoenergetic neutrons. A very good agreement between this calculation and the experimental results was obtained. These results enable predictions of the response to be made in radiation fields with the known LET distributions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Miljanić
- Ruder Bosković Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Stuhec M, Zorko B, Vekić B, Miljanić S, Ban R, Basić B. Harmonization of individual dosimetry quality control within metrology system of a small country. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2007; 125:117-20. [PMID: 17606480 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncm198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A programme of harmonization of individual dosimetry quality control organized in the framework of a distributed metrology system is presented as seen from the experiences gained in Slovenia. As a part of the programme intercomparison of dosimetry services was organized and basic characteristics of dosimetry systems compared. Results are discussed with suggestions for further improvements of quality assurance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Stuhec
- JoZef Stefan Institute Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vekić B, Ban R, Miljanić S. [Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory at the Ruder Bosković Institute, Zagreb]. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2006; 57:189-94. [PMID: 16832975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory at the Ruder Bosković Institute (SSDL), Zagreb, Croatia, was set up over the last few years with a strong support by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) through the Technical Cooperation Project CRO/1/004, Establishing Calibration Services. The SSDL occupies two calibration rooms, each 9.6 m long and 6 m wide and each with proper air conditioning. Their walls are concrete and 1 m thick, and the entrance doors are plated with lead to protect the control rooms and the surroundings against radiation. In the first calibration room in the basement, there are two sealed sources which share the same, 6 m long calibration bench. A 30 TBq 60Co source on one side of the bench is used for calibrating ionising chambers and other high-dose radiation equipment. The irradiation unit on the other side of the bench combines two sealed sources, that is, a 740 MBq 137Cs source and a 185 MBq 60Co source, and is used for radiation protection purposes. It has three attenuators with nominal attenuations of x10, x100, and x1000. The second calibration room, which is just above the first, accommodates an X-ray unit (ISOVOLT 420, 40 kV to 300 kV, 1 mA to 20 mA) with a 5 m long calibration bench, aperture wheel assembly designed to modify the X-ray beam diameter to meet various configuration requirements for calibration instruments, a set of filter assemblies to control beam definition according to ISO 4037-3, and a half-value layer kit.
Collapse
|
26
|
Miljanić S, Ranogajec-Komor M, Knezević Z, Stuhec M, Prokić M. Comparative study of LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si and Li2B4O7:Cu,Ag,P TL detectors. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 119:191-6. [PMID: 16709712 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two new types of 'tissue equivalent' thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs) have aroused attention: LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si and Li2B4O7:Cu,Ag,P. In this work the characteristics of both detectors were compared with the characteristics of the well-known type LiF:Mg,Ti detector, TLD-100. The following properties were investigated: the glow curve structures, relative sensitivity, batch homogeneity and uniformity, detection threshold, reproducibility of the response, linearity in the wide dose range and fading. Also, the energy dependence for medium and low energy X rays was determined in the range of mean energies between 33 and 116 keV. The results confirmed 'tissue equivalency' of both new types in the investigated range of photon energies. LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si detector has very high sensitivity (approximately 75 times higher than that of TLD-100) and is convenient for use in a very low range of doses. Li2B4O7:Cu,Ag,P detector shows some improvements in comparison with the previously prepared types of lithium borate. The most important is the five times higher sensitivity than that of TLD-100. This detector is also very promising, especially in medical dosimetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Miljanić
- Ruder Bosković Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zorko B, Miljanić S, Vekić B, Stuhec M, Gobec S, Ranogajec-Komor M. Intercomparison of dosimetry systems based on CaF2:Mn TL detectors. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 119:300-5. [PMID: 16735564 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The responses of readings by the TL dosimetry system MR200 TL developed in-house and used at JSI and the TOLEDO TL system used at RBI are compared. Ten measurements at different doses ranging from 0.01 mSv to 5 Sv were carried out. A set of 36 dosemeters with three pellets of CaF2:Mn were irradiated in radiation fields of 137Cs and 60Co. Analysis of the measured results shows that at doses below 0.1 Sv, readers' outputs do not differ >5% from each other. At doses >1 Sv, the results obtained by the MR200 reader must be corrected with a known factor. Finally, the reproducibility of the results from the MR200 was tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Zorko
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Stuhec M, Zorko B, Mitić D, Miljanić S, Ranogajec-Komor M. Quality assurance of environmental gamma radiation monitoring in Slovenia. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 121:191-4. [PMID: 16410289 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental gamma radiation monitoring established in Slovenia consists of a network of multifunctional gamma monitors (MFMs) based on pairs of Geiger-Müller counters and a network of measuring sites with high-sensitive thermoluminiscence dosemeters. The measuring points are evenly spread across Slovenia, located at the meteorological stations and more densely on additional locations around the Krsko NPP. The MFM network has a 2-fold function with one sensor used for the purpose of early warning system in near surroundings of the NPP and the other, more sensitive, for natural radiation monitoring. The paper summarises activities to establish quality assurance of the environmental gamma radiation measurements in Slovenia, with a critical view of the results in comparison with the international standards and recommendations. While the results of linearity and energy dependence tests were satisfying, on-field intercomparison showed that the inherent signal of one of the monitors (MFM) has to be taken into account in the range of environmental background radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Stuhec
- JoZef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Miljanić S, Ilijas B. Chemical dosimetry system for criticality accidents. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2004; 110:477-481. [PMID: 15353694 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ruder Bosković Institute (RBI) criticality dosimetry system consists of a chemical dosimetry system for measuring the total (neutron + gamma) dose, and a thermoluminescent (TL) dosimetry system for a separate determination of the gamma ray component. The use of the chemical dosemeter solution chlorobenzene-ethanol-trimethylpentane (CET) is based on the radiolytic formation of hydrochloric acid, which protonates a pH indicator, thymolsulphonphthalein. The high molar absorptivity of its red form at 552 nm is responsible for a high sensitivity of the system: doses in the range 0.2-15 Gy can be measured. The dosemeter has been designed as a glass ampoule filled with the CET solution and inserted into a pen-shaped plastic holder. For dose determinations, a newly constructed optoelectronic reader has been used. The RBI team took part in the International Intercomparison of Criticality Accident Dosimetry Systems at the SILENE Reactor, Valduc, June 2002, with the CET dosimetry system. For gamma ray dose determination TLD-700 TL detectors were used. The results obtained with CET dosemeter show very good agreement with the reference values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saveta Miljanić
- Ruder Bosković Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ranogajec-Komor M, Miljanić S, Blagus S, Knežević Ž, Osvay M. Selective assessment of the fast neutron component in mixed neutron–gamma field using TLD activation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-806x(03)00109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
31
|
Miljanić S, Knezević Z, Stuhec M, Ranogajec-Komor M, Krpan K, Vekić B. Energy dependence of new thermoluminescent detectors in terms of HP(10) values. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2003; 106:253-256. [PMID: 14690327 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine energy dependence characteristics in terms of values of the personal dose equivalent, HP(10). The following types of thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs) were investigated: (a) two new types based on lithium borate, Li2B4O7:Cu,In and Li2B4O7:Cu,In,Ag; (b) two types based on the highly sensitive material LiF:Mg,Cu,P, TLD-700H and GR 200A; (c) two well-known types of LiF:Mg,Ti detector, TLD-100 and TLD-700 and (d) highly sensitive Al2O3:C detectors. TLDs previously calibrated with 137Cs gamma rays were simultaneously irradiated with X ray beams in the range of mean energies between 33 and 116 keV. The irradiations were performed with detectors in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) holders placed on a 30 cm x 30 cm x 15 cm water phantom with PMMA walls (ISO phantom). Measured energy responses were compared with calculated data for HP(10) values. The results confirmed the satisfactory tissue equivalent characteristics of all investigated TLDs except Al2O3:C, which (due to its large energy dependence) is suitable for personal dosimetry only with an appropriate filter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Miljanić
- Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine important dosimetric characteristics of several types of the most interesting tissue-equivalent thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs). Special attention was given to the determination of energy dependence for medium and low energy X rays. The following types of TLDs were investigated: (a) two new types based on lithium borate: Li2B4O7:Cu,In and Li,B4O7:Cu,In,Ag; (b) two types of the recently developed highly sensitive LiF:Mg,Cu,P material: TLD-700H and GR 200A and (c) two well known types of LiF:Mg,Ti detectors: TLD-100 and TLD-700. In order to determine their photon energy response characteristics, TLDs previously calibrated with 137Cs gamma rays were simultaneously irradiated with X ray beams in the range of effective energies between 33 and 116 keV. Measured energy responses (relative to air), normalised to those to 137Cs photons were compared with calculated data. Although the deviations of the measured data from the 'theoretical' predictions are different for all the investigated TLDs, there is no large difference in 'tissue-equivalency' between them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Miljanić
- Ruder Bosković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Garaj-Vrhovac V, Kopjar N, Razem D, Vekić B, Miljanić S, Ranogajec-Komor M. Application of the alkaline comet assay in biodosimetry: assessment of in vivo DNA damage in human peripheral leukocytes after a gamma radiation incident. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2002; 98:407-416. [PMID: 12120668 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The alkaline comet assay was employed in the assessment of DNA damage in leukocytes of a worker incidently exposed to gamma radiation (221 mSv, 60Co source). The comet tail lengths and tail moments were studied. By using the alkaline comet assay immediately after accidental exposure a high level of DNA damage was recorded. The highest levels of DNA damage were recorded one day and one week after the radiation incident. Later on, a decrease in both comet parameters was observed. Although the level of DNA damage was diminished during a one year period, it was still elevated compared to normal values recorded in leukocytes of a healthy, unexposed person. The results obtained indicate that the alkaline comet assay is a rapid and sensitive microdosimetric technique and is suitable for in vivo human biomonitoring, especially in cases of incidental exposure to ionising radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Garaj-Vrhovac
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Several types of thermoluminescent dosimeters (LiF:Mg, Ti, Al2O3:Mg,Y and CaF2:Mn) were irradiated at different depths in a water phantom placed at a distance of 2.5 m from a panoramic 60Co source. Detectors were encapsulated in Plexiglas holders with a wall thickness of 0.5 cm. Reference dosimetry was carried out using a Fricke dosimeter and an ionization chamber. The experimental data were compared with the predictions of the general cavity theory for gamma ray spectra at different depths of water. The suitability of parameters of the cavity theory proposed by different authors was evaluated in the analysis of the experimental results. The results show that there is no need for any modification to the original and simple Burlin expression which gives very good agreement with the experimental values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Miljanić
- Ruder Bosković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Miljanić S, Ražem D. The effects of size and shape of the irradiation vessel on the response of some chemical dosimetry systems to photon irradiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0969-806x(95)00061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
36
|
Abstract
We reported earlier that human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells exposed to 30 fractions of 0.5 Gy gamma-rays became resistant to cisplatin, methotrexate and vincristine, but retained the same sensitivity to gamma-rays and ultraviolet light. The aim of this study was to examine whether a small number of gamma-ray fractions, with a lower daily dose, may also change the sensitivity of preirradiated cells to different cytotoxic drugs. Using the modified MTT staining procedure, we found that cells preirradiated with 5 or 10 daily fractions of only 0.17 Gy gamma-rays did not alter their sensitivity to mitomycin, cisplatin, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, etoposide and doxorubicin. However, 10 fractions of gamma-rays induced resistance to vincristine and vinblastine. Our immunocytochemical experiments using monoclonal antibody JSB-1 show that the plasma membrane P-glycoprotein is involved in the induced resistance to Vinca alkaloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Osmak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Bosković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Miljanić S, Ražem D, Dvornik I. Energy independence of the radiation chemical yield, G(Cl-), of ethanol—chlorobenzene dosimeter solutions for ionizing photon irradiations. Appl Radiat Isot 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0969-8043(93)90137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|