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Srichawla BS, Kipkorir V, Manan MR, Dhali A, Diebel S, Sawant T, Zia S, Carrion-Alvarez D, Suteja RC, Nurani K, Găman MA. Stealth invaders: unraveling the mystery of neurotropic viruses and their elusive presence in cerebrospinal fluid - a comprehensive review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:2761-2766. [PMID: 37363567 PMCID: PMC10289609 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotropic viruses are a threat to human populations due to ongoing zoonosis. A wide array of neurological manifestations can occur most often including parkinsonism, encephalitis/encephalopathy, flaccid myelitis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neuroinvasion occurs through: transneural transmission, blood brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, and 'trojan horse' mechanism or infected immune cell trafficking into the central nervous system (CNS). Transneural transmission occurs through virus mediated hijacking of intracellular transport proteins allowing retrograde viral transport. BBB dysfunction occurs through cytokine storm increasing membrane permissibility. Increased chemokine expression allows leukocyte trafficking to the BBB. Virally infected leukocytes may successfully pass through the BBB allowing the pathogen to infect microglia and other CNS cell types. We define cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) nondetection as a virus' ability to evade direct CSF detection but still causing significant neurological symptoms and disease. Mechanisms of CSF nondetection include: transneuronal propagation through trans-synaptic transmission, and synaptic microfusion, as well as intrathecal antibody synthesis and virus neutralization. Direct virus detection in CSF is associated with an increased neurological disease burden. However, the lack of CSF detection does not exclude CNS involvement due to possible neuroevasive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent Kipkorir
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, University Way, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Arkadeep Dhali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Diebel
- Department of Family Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Tirtha Sawant
- Department of Neurology, Spartan Health Sciences University, Spartan Drive St. Jude’s Highway, St. Lucia
| | - Subtain Zia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Massachusetts, Chan Medical School, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Diego Carrion-Alvarez
- Departmento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Regional de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Richard C. Suteja
- Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Kampus BukitKabupaten Badung, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Khulud Nurani
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, University Way, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucuresti, Romania
- Romania and Department of Hematology, Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Soseaua Fundeni 258, Bucuresti, Romania
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Găman MA, Cozma MA, Manan MR, Srichawla BS, Dhali A, Ali S, Nahian A, Elton AC, Simhachalam Kutikuppala LV, Suteja RC, Diebel S, Găman AM, Diaconu CC. Budd-Chiari syndrome in myeloproliferative neoplasms: A review of literature. World J Clin Oncol 2023; 14:99-116. [PMID: 37009527 PMCID: PMC10052333 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v14.i3.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are defined as clonal disorders of the hematopoietic stem cell in which an exaggerated production of terminally differentiated myeloid cells occurs. Classical, Philadelphia-negative MPNs, i.e., polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis, exhibit a propensity towards the development of thrombotic complications that can occur in unusual sites, e.g., portal, splanchnic or hepatic veins, the placenta or cerebral sinuses. The pathogenesis of thrombotic events in MPNs is complex and requires an intricate mechanism involving endothelial injury, stasis, elevated leukocyte adhesion, integrins, neutrophil extracellular traps, somatic mutations (e.g., the V617F point mutation in the JAK2 gene), microparticles, circulating endothelial cells, and other factors, to name a few. Herein, we review the available data on Budd-Chiari syndrome in Philadelphia-negative MPNs, with a particular focus on its epidemiology, pathogenesis, histopathology, risk factors, classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest 022328, Romania
| | - Matei-Alexandru Cozma
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania
| | | | - Bahadar S Srichawla
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, United States
| | - Arkadeep Dhali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Department of Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi 75600, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Nahian
- California Baptist University-Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Riverside, CA 92504, United States
| | - Andrew C Elton
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - L V Simhachalam Kutikuppala
- Department of General Surgery, Dr NTR University of Health Sciences, Andhra Pradesh, Vijayawada 520008, India
| | - Richard Christian Suteja
- Department of Undergraduate Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University Denpasar, Bali 80232, Indonesia
| | - Sebastian Diebel
- Department of Family Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine Timmins, Ontario 91762, Canada
| | - Amelia Maria Găman
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania & Clinic of Hematology, Filantropia City Hospital, Craiova 200143, Romania
| | - Camelia Cristina Diaconu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania & Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest 105402, Romania
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Woo W, Kipkorir V, Marza AM, Hamouri S, Albawaih O, Dhali A, Kim W, Udwadia ZF, Nashwan AJ, Shaikh N, Belletti A, Landoni G, Palumbo D, Swed S, Sawaf B, Buonsenso D, Pimenta I, Gonzalez FA, Fiorentino G, Rashid Ali MRS, Quincho-Lopez A, Javanbakht M, Alhakeem A, Khan MM, Shah S, Rafiee MJ, Padala SRAN, Diebel S, Song SH, Kang DY, Moon DH, Lee HS, Yang J, Flower L, Yon DK, Lee SW, Shin JI, Lee S. Prognosis of Spontaneous Pneumothorax/Pneumomediastinum in Coronavirus Disease 2019: The CoBiF Score. J Clin Med 2022; 11:7132. [PMID: 36498706 PMCID: PMC9739102 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum are associated with high mortality in invasively ventilated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients; however, the mortality rates among non-intubated patients remain unknown. We aimed to analyze the clinical features of COVID-19-associated pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum in non-intubated patients and identify risk factors for mortality. Methods: We searched PubMed Scopus and Embase from January 2020 to December 2021. We performed a pooled analysis of 151 patients with no invasive mechanical ventilation history from 17 case series and 87 case reports. Subsequently, we developed a novel scoring system to predict in-hospital mortality; the system was further validated in multinational cohorts from ten countries (n = 133). Results: Clinical scenarios included pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum at presentation (n = 68), pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum onset during hospitalization (n = 65), and pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum development after recent COVID-19 treatment (n = 18). Significant differences were not observed in clinical outcomes between patients with pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax (±pneumomediastinum). The overall mortality rate of pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum was 23.2%. Risk factor analysis revealed that comorbidities bilateral pneumothorax and fever at pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum presentation were predictors for mortality. In the new scoring system, i.e., the CoBiF system, the area under the curve which was used to assess the predictability of mortality was 0.887. External validation results were also promising (area under the curve: 0.709). Conclusions: The presence of comorbidity bilateral pneumothorax and fever on presentation are significantly associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum. The CoBiF score can predict mortality in clinical settings as well as simplify the identification and appropriate management of patients at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongi Woo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Vincent Kipkorir
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Adina Maria Marza
- Department of Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Shadi Hamouri
- Department of General Surgery & Urology, King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Department of General Surgery and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al- Balqa’ Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Omar Albawaih
- Department of General Surgery & Urology, King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Arkadeep Dhali
- Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata 700020, India
| | - Wooshik Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Abdulqadir J. Nashwan
- Critical Care Department, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital (HMGH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha 576214, Qatar
| | - Nissar Shaikh
- Surgical Intensive Care Department, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha 576214, Qatar
| | - Alessandro Belletti
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Palumbo
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo 15310, Syria
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 576214, Qatar
| | - Danilo Buonsenso
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Inês Pimenta
- Intensive Care Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, 2805-267 Almada, Portugal
| | | | - Giuseppe Fiorentino
- Sub-Intensive Care Unit and Respiratory Physiopathology Department, Cotugno-Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alvaro Quincho-Lopez
- Unidad de Investigación en Bibliometría, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima 15024, Peru
| | - Mohammad Javanbakht
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran
| | | | | | - Sangam Shah
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Moezedin Javad Rafiee
- Babak Imaging Center, Tehran 1415943953, Iran
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | - Sebastian Diebel
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Seung Hwan Song
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - Du-young Kang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul 03063, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk Hwan Moon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Yang
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Luke Flower
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoo Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Diebel S, Carrion-Alvarez D, Senyuy WP, Shatskikh M, Puyana JC, Bonilla-Escobar FJ. Advancing Research Through Early-Career Scientists' Publications and Training the Next Generation of Medical Editors: The First 10-Years of the International Journal of Medical Students. Int J Med Stud 2022; 10:341-343. [PMID: 38031594 PMCID: PMC10686320 DOI: 10.5195/ijms.2022.1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Diebel
- Department of Family Medicine, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Timmins, Ontario Canada
| | | | - Wah Praise Senyuy
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon
| | | | - Juan C. Puyana
- School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Professor of Surgery, Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Translational Science, Director for Global Health-Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Editorial Board Member, IJMS
| | - Francisco J. Bonilla-Escobar
- Department of Ophthalmology; Institute for Clinical Research Education (ICRE), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. CEO, Fundación Somos Ciencia al Servicio de la Comunidad, Fundación SCISCO/Science to Serve the Community Foundation, SCISCO Foundation, Cali, Colombia. Grupo de investigación en Visión y Salud Ocular, VISOC, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia. Editor in Chief, IJMS
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Diebel S, Boissonneault E, Perreault L, Lapierre R. PP17 Differential rater function over time (DRIFT) is not appreciated in paramedic raters using the global rating scale (GRS) during paramedic student simulations. J Accid Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2022-999.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe field of paramedicine continues to advance in scope. Simulation training is frequently used to teach and evaluate students. Simulation examinations are often evaluated using a standardized global rating scale (GRS) that is reliable and valid. However, the effects of differential rater function over time (DRIFT) have not been evaluated on the GRS during simulations. This study aimed to assess if DRIFT exists during a GRS.MethodsData was collected at Collège Boréal, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada during the 6 simulation evaluations within the scholastic year. Raters were randomly assigned to evaluate several students at the same station. Each station lasted 12-minutes in length and there was a total of 11-stations. A model to test the scores of DRIFT was created and was tested against both a leniency and perceptual model to explain DRIFT.ResultsAmongst the explored alternatives, a model that included students, the rater, and the dimensions had the greatest evidence (-3151 Bayes Factors). This model was then tested against leniency (K= -9.1 dHart) and perceptual models (K= -7.1 dHart) suggesting a substantial finding against DRIFT, however, the tested models used a wide parameter, therefore, the possibility of a minor effect is not fully excluded.ConclusionDRIFT was not found; however, further studies with multiple centres and longer evaluations should be conducted.
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Ahmed Z, Lau CH, Poole M, Arshinoff D, El-Andari R, White A, Johnson G, Doucet VM, Yilmaz R, Shi G, Natheir S, Hampshire J, Fazlollahi AM, Ramazani F, Elfaki L, Wang L, Desrosiers T, Lee M, Nisar M, Parapini ML, Larrivée S, White A, Dhillon J, Deng SX, Balamane S, Lee-Wing V, White A, Lee D, Gibert Y, Gervais V, Daniel R, Minor S, Ko G, Nguyen MA, Zablotny S, Lemieux V, Roach E, Ho J, Aggarwal I, Solish M, Lee JM, Rajendran L, Datta S, Gariscsak P, Johnson G, Del Fernandes R, Daud A, Fahey B, Zafar A, Worrall AP, Kheirelseid E, McHugh S, Moneley D, Naughton P, Fazlollahi AM, Bakhaidar M, Alsayegh A, Yilmaz R, Del Maestro RF, Harley JM, Ungi T, Fichtinger G, Zevin B, Stolz E, Bozso SJ, Kang JJ, Adams C, Nagendran J, Li D, Turner SR, Moon MC, Zheng B, Vergis A, Unger B, Park J, Gillman L, Petropolis CJ, Winkler-Schwartz A, Mirchi N, Fazlollahi A, Natheir S, Del Maestro R, Wang E, Waterman R, Kokavec A, Ho E, Harnden K, Nayak R, Malthaner R, Qiabi M, Christie S, Yilmaz R, Winkler-Schwarz A, Bajunaid K, Sabbagh AJ, Werthner P, Del Maestro R, Bratu I, Noga M, Bakhaidar M, Alsayegh A, Winkler-Schwartz A, Harley JM, Del Maestro RF, Côté D, Mortensen-Truscott L, McKellar S, Budiansky D, Lee M, Henley J, Philteos J, Gabinet-Equihua A, Horton G, Levin M, Saleem A, Monteiro E, Lin V, Chan Y, Campisi P, Meloche-Dumas L, Patocskai E, Dubrowski A, Beniey M, Bélanger P, Khondker A, Kangasjarvi E, Simpson J, Behzadi A, Kuluski K, Scott TM, Sidhu R, Karimuddin AA, Beaudoin A, McRae S, Leiter J, Stranges G, O’Brien D, Singh G, Zheng B, Moon MC, Turner SR, Salimi A, Zhu A, Tsang M, Greene B, Jayaraman S, Brown P, Zelt D, Yacob M, Keijzer R, Shawyer AC, Muller Moran HR, Ryan J, Mador B, Campbell S, Turner S, Ng K, Behzadi A, Benaskeur YI, Kasasni SM, Ammari N, Chiarella F, Lavallée J, Lê AS, Rosca MA, Semsar-Kazerooni K, Vallipuram T, Grabs D, Bougie É, Salib GE, Bortoluzzi P, Tremblay D, Kruse CC, McKechnie T, Eskicioglu C, Posel N, Fleiszer D, Berger-Richardson D, Brar S, Lim DW, Cil TD, Castelo M, Greene B, Lu J, Brar S, Reel E, Cil T, Diebel S, Nolan M, Bartolucci D, Rheault-Henry M, Abara E, Doyon J, Lee JM, Archibald D, Wadey V, Maeda A, Jackson T, Okrainec A, Leclair R, Braund H, Bunn J, Kouzmina E, Bruzzese S, Awad S, Mann S, Appireddy R, Zevin B, Gariscsak P, Liblik K, Winthrop A, Mann S, Abankwah B, Weinberg M, Cherry A, Lemieux V, Doyon J, Hamstra S, Nousiainen M, Wadey V, Marini W, Nadler A, Khoja W, Stoehr J, Aggarwal I, Liblik K, Mann S, Winthrop A, Lowy B, Vergis A, Relke N, Soleas E, Lui J, Zevin B, Nousiainen M, Simpson J, Musgrave M, Stewart R, Hall J. Canadian Conference for the Advancement of Surgical Education (C-CASE) 2021: Post-Pandemic and Beyond Virtual Conference AbstractsBlended learning using augmented reality glasses during the COVID-19 pandemic: the present and the futureActivating emotions enhance surgical simulation performance: a cluster analysisTraining in soft-tissue resection using real-time visual computer navigation feedback from the Surgery Tutor: a randomized controlled trialSonoGames: delivering a point of care ultrasound curriculum through gamificationTeaching heart valve surgery techniques using simulators: a reviewPortable, adjustable simulator for cardiac surgical skillsDesign and validity evidence for a unique endoscopy simulator using a commercial video gameComparison of a novel silicone flexor tendon repair model to a porcine tendon repair modelAssessment system using deep learningChallenges addressed with solutions, simulation in undergraduate and postgraduate surgical education, innovative education or research in surgical educationMachine learning distinguishes between skilled and less-skilled psychological performance in virtual neurosurgical performanceA powerful new tool for learning anatomy as a medical studentDevelopment and effectiveness of a telementoring approach for neurosurgical simulation training of medical studentsA team based learning approach to general otolaryngology in undergraduate medical educationStudent-led surgery interest group outreach for high school mentorship: a diversity driven initiativeRetrospective evaluation of novel case-based teaching series for first year otolaryngology residentsHarassment in surgery: assessing differences in perceptionFactors associated with medical student interest in pursuing a surgical residency: a cross-sectional survey studyUnderstanding surgical education experiences: an examination of 2 mentorship modelsLeadership development programs for surgical residents: a narrative review of the literatureValidation of knee arthroscopy simulator scoring system against subjective video analysis scoringCharacterizing the level of autonomy in Canadian cardiac surgery residentsMentorship patterns among medical students successfully matched to a surgical specialityStaying safe with laparoscopic cholecystectomy: the use of landmarking and intraoperative time-outsEndovascular aneurysm repair has changed the training paradigm of vascular residentsImplementation of a standardized handover in pediatric surgeryProcedure-specific assessment in cardiothoracic and vascular surgery: a scoping reviewLongitudinal mentorship-based programs for junior medical students increases exposure, confidence, and interest in surgeryCreating a green-shift in surgical education: a scoping review of initiatives and methods to make perioperative care more sustainableA novel plastic surgery residency bootcamp: structure and utilityVideo-based coaching for surgical residents: a systematic review and meta-analysisVirtual patient cases aligned with EPAs provide innovative e-learning strategiesAchieving competency in the CanMEDS roles for surgical trainees in the COVID-19 era: What have we learned and where do we go?Profiles of burnout and response to the COVID-19 pandemic among general surgery residents at a large academic training programLearner-driven telemedicine curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemicCentralized basic orthopaedic surgery virtual examinations — assessment of examination environmentEffects of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical resident training: a nationwide survey of Canadian program directorsExploring the transition to virtual care in surgery and its impact on clinical exposure, teaching, and assessment during the COVID-19 pandemiecImpact of COVID-19 on procedural skills training and career preparation of medical studentsVirtual surgical shadowing for undergraduate medical students amidst the COVID-19 pandemicEducational impact of the COVID-19 third wave on a competency-based orthopedic surgery programVirtualization of postgraduate residency interviews: a ransforming practice in health care educationAn informational podcast about Canadian plastic surgery training programs: “Doctority Canada: Plastic Surgery.”Virtual versus in-person suture training: an evaluation of synchronous and asynchronous teaching paradigmsMerged virtual reality teaching of the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery: a randomized controlled trialShould surgical skills be evaluated during virtual CaRMS residency interviews? A Canadian survey of CaRMS applicants and selection committee members during the COVID-19 pandemicImpact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical education for medical students: perspectives from Canada’s largest faculty of medicine. Can J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8628843 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.018821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Diebel S, Boissonneault E. A Pan-Canadian Narrative Review on the Protocols for COVID-19 and Canadian Emergency Departments. Int J Med Students 2021. [DOI: 10.5195/ijms.2021.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
First described in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, The World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a global pandemic on March 11th, 2020. Canada identified its first positive COVID-19 patient on January 25th, 2020. The Canadian government and heath care system immediately started discussing how best to respond to this pandemic. It was hypothesized that potentially positive and confirmed positive COVID-19 patients would present to emergency departments across the country. It has now been over a year since the first positive patient was identified in Canada, and there has yet to be a narrative review that explores how Canadian emergency departments have responded to the novel COVID-19 virus. This narrative review will discuss measures that were taken thus far, including pre-hospital care, the use and implementation of virtual care, the importance of simulation training, protocols regarding patient screening at presentation to the emergency department, the use of personal protective equipment, and lastly rural emergency department response. This narrative review may be beneficial as the COVID-19 pandemic continues, by providing a concise summary of measures that were taken in various emergency departments across Canada to prevent the spread of the virus.
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