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Salama M, Ali A, Ibrahim FAR, Elabd S. Citalopram, an antipsychotic agent, induces G1/G0 phase cell cycle arrest and promotes apoptosis in human laryngeal carcinoma HEP-2 cells. Med Oncol 2024; 41:105. [PMID: 38573558 PMCID: PMC10994997 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02338-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Human laryngeal squamous carcinoma (LSCC) is a common malignant tumor in the head and neck. Despite the recently developed therapies for the treatment of LSCC, patients' overall survival rate still did not enhance remarkably; this highlights the need to formulate alternative strategies to develop novel treatments. The antitumor effects of antidepressant drugs such as citalopram have been reported on several cancer cells; however, they have yet to be investigated against LSCC. The current study was directed to explore the possible antitumor effects of citalopram on human laryngeal carcinoma cell lines (HEP-2). HEP-2 cells were cultured and treated with different doses of citalopram (50-400 µM) for 24, 48, and 72 h. The effects of citalopram on the viability of cancer cells were determined by the MTT assay. In addition, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis were performed by flow cytometry. Moreover, evaluation of the expression of proapoptotic and apoptotic proteins, such as cytochrome c, cleaved caspases 3 and 9, Bcl-2, and BAX, was performed by western blotting analysis. Our results revealed that citalopram significantly suppressed the proliferation of HEP-2 cells through the upregulation of p21 expression, resulting in the subsequent arrest of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, citalopram treatment-induced HEP-2 cell apoptosis; this was indicated by the significant increase of cytochrome c, cleaved caspases 3 and 9, and BAX protein expression. On the contrary, Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly downregulated following treatment with citalopram. The ultrastructure studies were in accordance with the protein expression findings and showed clear signs of apoptosis with ring chromatin condensation upon treatment with citalopram. These findings suggest that citalopram's anti-tumor activities on HEP-2 cells entailed stimulation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which was mediated via Bcl-2 suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salama
- Department of Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horeya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Abeer Ali
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fawziya A R Ibrahim
- Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Seham Elabd
- Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165 Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
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Elabd S, Pauletto E, Solozobova V, Eickhoff N, Padrao N, Zwart W, Blattner C. TRIM25 targets p300 for degradation. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202301980. [PMID: 37770115 PMCID: PMC10539465 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202301980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
p300 is an important transcriptional co-factor. By stimulating the transfer of acetyl residues onto histones and several key transcription factors, p300 enhances transcriptional initiation and impacts cellular processes including cell proliferation and cell division. Despite its importance for cellular homeostasis, its regulation is poorly understood. We show that TRIM25, a member of the TRIM protein family, targets p300 for proteasomal degradation. However, despite TRIM25's RING domain and E3 activity, degradation of p300 by TRIM25 is independent of TRIM25-mediated p300 ubiquitination. Instead, TRIM25 promotes the interaction of p300 with dynein, which ensures a microtubule-dependent transport of p300 to cellular proteasomes. Through mediating p300 degradation, TRIM25 affects p300-dependent gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Elabd
- Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe, Germany
- https://ror.org/00mzz1w90 Human Physiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eleonora Pauletto
- Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Valeria Solozobova
- Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nils Eickhoff
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nuno Padrao
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Blattner
- Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Shawki MM, El Sadieque A, Elabd S, Moustafa ME. Synergetic Effect of Tumor Treating Fields and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Cell Apoptosis and Genotoxicity of Three Different Human Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:4384. [PMID: 35889257 PMCID: PMC9322763 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, despite extraordinary progress. So, new cancer treatment modalities are needed. Tumor-treating fields (TTFs) use low-intensity, intermediate-frequency alternating electric fields with reported cancer anti-mitotic properties. Moreover, nanomedicine is a promising therapy option for cancer. Numerous cancer types have been treated with nanoparticles, but zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) exhibit biocompatibility. Here, we investigate the activity of TTFs, a sub-lethal dose of ZnO NPs, and their combination on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), the colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29), and breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The lethal effect of different ZnO NPs concentrations was assessed by sulforhodamine B sodium salt assay (SRB). The cell death percent was determined by flow cytometer, the genotoxicity was evaluated by comet assay, and the total antioxidant capacity was chemically measured. Our results show that TTFs alone cause cell death of 14, 8, and 17% of HepG2, HT-29, and MCF-7, respectively; 10 µg/mL ZnO NPs was the sub-lethal dose according to SRB results. The combination between TTFs and sub-lethal ZnO NPs increased the cell death to 29, 20, and 33% for HepG2, HT-29, and MCF-7, respectively, without reactive oxygen species increase. Increasing NPs potency using TTFs can be a novel technique in many biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh M. Shawki
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (A.E.S.); (M.E.M.)
| | - Alaa El Sadieque
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (A.E.S.); (M.E.M.)
- Alexandria University Cancer Research Cluster, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Seham Elabd
- Physiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt;
| | - Maisa E. Moustafa
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt; (A.E.S.); (M.E.M.)
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Shawki MM, Elabd S. Tumor treating fields (TTFs) using uninsulated electrodes induce cell death in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells. AIMS Biophysics 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/biophy.2021011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Elabd S, Jabeen NA, Gerber V, Peravali R, Bourdon JC, Kancherla S, Vallone D, Blattner C. Delay in development and behavioural abnormalities in the absence of p53 in zebrafish. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220069. [PMID: 31323059 PMCID: PMC6641203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
p53 is well-known for its tumour-suppressive activity. However, in the past decade it became clear that p53 is also involved in other processes including stem cell proliferation, differentiation and animal development. To investigate the role of p53 in early embryonic development, we targeted p53 by CRISPR/Cas9 to make a p53 knock-out zebrafish (Danio rerio). Our data show developmental and behavioural effects in p53-deficient zebrafish embryos and larvae. Specifically, we found that early development of zebrafish was clearly delayed in the absence of p53. However, after 1 day (1 dpf), the p53-deficient embryos appeared to recover, as evidenced by a similar level of pigmentation at 26 hpf, similar size of the eye at 4 dpf and only a minor difference in body size at 4 dpf compared to p53 wild-type siblings. The recovery of development after 1 dpf in p53-deficient embryos could be due to a compensatory mechanism involving other p53 family members. p63 and p73 were found over-expressed with respect to wild-type siblings. However, despite this adaptation, the hatching time remained delayed in p53-/- zebrafish. In addition to differences in development, p53-null zebrafish embryos also showed differences in behaviour. We observed an overall reduced activity and a reduced travel distance under non-stressed conditions and after exposing the larvae to vibration. We also observed a longer latency until the larvae started to move after touching with a needle. Overall, these data indicate that p53 is involved in early development and locomotion activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Elabd
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Human Physiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nuzhat Amna Jabeen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Gerber
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ravindra Peravali
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jean-Christoph Bourdon
- Dundee Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Shilpa Kancherla
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Daniela Vallone
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christine Blattner
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Despite increasing interest in human amniotic fluid cells, very little is known about the regulation and function of p53 in this cell type. In this study, we show that undifferentiated human amniotic fluid cells express p53, yet at lower levels than in cancer cells. The p53 protein in amniotic fluid cells is mainly localized in the nuclei, however, its antiproliferative activity is compromised in these cells. Igf2, a maternal imprinted gene, and c-jun, a proto-oncogene, are regulated by p53 in these cells. DNA damage leads to an increase in p53 abundance in human amniotic fluid cells and to transcriptional activation of its target genes. Interestingly, cell differentiation toward the neural lineage leads to p53 induction as differentiation progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G. d' Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ivana Antonucci
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G. d' Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Centre of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Seham Elabd
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shilpa Kancherla
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Centre of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G. d' Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Christine Blattner
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G. d' Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
- Centre of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (Ce.S.I.-Me.T.), G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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Zhang P, Kratz AS, Salama M, Elabd S, Heinrich T, Wittbrodt J, Blattner C, Davidson G. Expression screening using a Medaka cDNA library identifies evolutionarily conserved regulators of the p53/Mdm2 pathway. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:92. [PMID: 26450685 PMCID: PMC4599741 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The p53 tumor suppressor protein is mainly regulated by alterations in the half-life of the protein, resulting in significant differences in p53 protein levels in cells. The major regulator of this process is Mdm2, which ubiquitinates p53 and targets it for proteasomal degradation. This process can be enhanced or reduced by proteins that associate with p53 or Mdm2 and several proteins have been identified with such an activity. Furthermore, additional ubiquitin ligases for p53 have been identified in recent years. Nevertheless, our understanding of how p53 abundance and Mdm2 activity are regulated remains incomplete. Here we describe a cell culture based overexpression screen to identify evolutionarily conserved regulators of the p53/Mdm2 circuit. The results from this large-scale screening method will contribute to a better understanding of the regulation of these important proteins. METHODS Expression screening was based on co-transfection of H1299 cells with pools of cDNA's from a Medaka library together with p53, Mdm2 and, as internal control, Ror2. After cell lysis, SDS-PAGE/WB analysis was used to detect alterations in these proteins. RESULTS More than one hundred hits that altered the abundance of either p53, Mdm2, or both were identified in the primary screen. Subscreening of the library pools that were identified in the primary screen identified several potential novel regulators of p53 and/or Mdm2. We also tested whether the human orthologues of the Medaka genes regulate p53 and/or Mdm2 abundance. All human orthologues regulated p53 and/or Mdm2 abundance in the same manner as the proteins from Medaka, which underscores the suitability of this screening methodology for the identification of new modifiers of p53 and Mdm2. CONCLUSIONS Despite enormous efforts in the last two decades, many unknown regulators for p53 and Mdm2 abundance are predicted to exist. This cross-species approach to identify evolutionarily conserved regulators demonstrates that our Medaka unigene cDNA library represents a powerful tool to screen for these novel regulators of the p53/Mdm2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Present address: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Anne Sophie Kratz
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Present address: Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mohammed Salama
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Seham Elabd
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Heinrich
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8865, Japan.
| | - Joachim Wittbrodt
- Department of Developmental Biology and Physiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christine Blattner
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Gary Davidson
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Elabd S, Sabry I. Two Birds with One Stone: Possible Dual-Role of Oxytocin in the Treatment of Diabetes and Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:121. [PMID: 26322016 PMCID: PMC4530313 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT), a hormone most commonly associated with labor and lactation, may have a wide variety of physiological and pathological functions, which makes OT and its receptor potential targets for drug therapy. In this review, we highlight the newly discovered metabolic role of OT in diabetes and its complication, such as diabetic osteopathy. OT may have positive metabolic effects; this is based on the change in glucose metabolism, lipid profile, and insulin sensitivity. It may modify glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity both through direct and indirect effects. It may also cause regenerative changes in diabetic pancreatic islet cells. Moreover, it has an anabolic effect on the bone biology. So, the activation of the OT receptor pathway by infusion of OT, OT analogs, or OT agonists may represent a promising approach for the treatment of diabetes and some of its complications, including diabetic osteopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Elabd
- Human Physiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Seham Elabd, Department of Human Physiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt,
| | - Ismail Sabry
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Elabd S, Ghoniem G, Elsharaby M, Emran M, Elgamasy A, Felfela T, Elshaer A. Use of endoscopy in the management of postoperative ureterovaginal fistula. Int Urogynecol J 1997; 8:185-90. [PMID: 9449293 DOI: 10.1007/bf02765810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate endourological techniques in the management of iatrogenic ureterovaginal fistula. Seventeen patients referred to us after gynecologic surgery were diagnosed as having iatrogenic ureterovaginal fistula. First, retrograde double-J stenting was tried. If this failed, percutaneous nephrostomy using an antegrade double-J stent was performed. If this also failed, open surgical repair was performed. The retrograde double-J stent bypassed the fistula in 2 patients (11.8%). Percutaneous nephrostomy was performed in the remaining 15. The antegrade double-J stent bypassed the fistula in another 2 of these patients (11.8%). Open surgical repair was performed in the remaining 13 patients (67.5%) (direct ureteroneocystostomy) with nipple valve in 11 patients and Boari flap with psoas hitch in 2 patients). Of all patients, 2 had ureteral stricture, one after antegrade double-J stenting and the other after open repair. It was concluded that early intervention is recommended in the treatment of iatrogenic uretrovaginal fistula, causing minimal morbidity and discomfort, and being less expensive.
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