Regulation and Use of Health Information Systems in Brazil and Abroad: Integrative Review

There is increasing debate about the importance of using information and communication technologies to strengthen health systems. Information systems are one of the most widespread technologies for this end in different healthcare contexts. The primary objective of this study was to highlight and discuss the main characteristics of the regulation and use of health information systems in Brazil and abroad. As a secondary objective, the main characteristics identified in Brazil were compared with the findings for other countries. A robust search strategy incorporated five electronic databases. The research question was defined using the SPIDER strategy, and thematic content analysis was applied. Fourteen articles composed the final sample, and three analytic categories were identified: "Use in the Context of Health Systems"; "Implications for Health Management"; and "Communication and Interoperability." The regulation and use of health information systems in different countries was directly related to their socioeconomic context. In Latin America and Africa, policy strengthening and implementation possibilities for health management were discussed. In the United States, Europe, and Asia, the discussions on interoperability between different services was emphasized. The complexity of the Brazilian health system leads to similarities in the data analysis with several countries from different regions and with distinct political configurations.

Practices of nurses in monitoring Chronic Non-communicable Diseases in Primary Health Care

Abstract Objective to analyze the Primary Health Care nurses' practices for monitoring the four main Chronic Non-communicable Diseases (circulatory system diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases) in a city in the interior of Santa Catarina State. Method single case study, qualitative approach. Data was collected through triangulation of techniques: focused interviews, document analysis, and online database, from January to July 2019. The analysis techniques were given by means of theoretical propositions and the construction of explanation regarding the nurses' practices. Results the nurse's practices for monitoring chronic diseases identified were: HiperDia Group; health education; tele-monitoring; welcoming; home visits; nursing consultation; care plan; self-monitoring and protocols. Conclusion and implications for the practice the nurses in the studied context perform several practices for the monitoring of chronic diseases, contributing to the effectiveness of policies for this condition and, possibly, with the drop in the mortality indicator for these causes.

Quality of transitional care of children with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Objective: To analyze which factors may be associated with the quality-of-care transition of children with chronic diseases from the hospital to their home. Method: A cross-sectional, quantitative study, carried out in two hospitals in Southern Brazil, from February to September 2019. Participants included 167 family members of children with chronic disease. Data collection took place through a demographic questionnaire, and the use of the Brazilian version of the Care Transitions Measure (CTM-15). Results: The average score for the quality of care transition was 90.1 (sd = 19.5) (0–100). Factor 1, “Health management preparation”, was the one with the highest self-perceived average, 92.3 (sd = 11.6), while Factor 4, “Care plan”, had the lowest average, 86.3 (sd = 21.3). The quality of care transition was higher for patients living in municipalities belonging to health regions other than the hospital’s. Conclusion: The quality of care transition for children with chronic diseases, perceived by the children’s family members, in the discharge process from the hospital to home, was considered high. Living in a health region other than the hospital’s region was associated with better perception of the quality of care transition.

Práticas do enfermeiro no monitoramento das Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis na Atenção Primária à Saúde

Resumo Objetivo analisar as práticas do enfermeiro da Atenção Primária à Saúde para o monitoramento das quatro principais Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (doenças do aparelho circulatório, câncer, diabetes e doenças respiratórias crônicas) em um município do interior do Estado de Santa Catarina. Método estudo de caso único, de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de triangulação de técnicas: entrevistas focadas, análise documental e banco de dados on-line, de janeiro a julho de 2019. As técnicas de análise deram-se por meio de proposições teóricas e da construção da explicação relativas às práticas dos enfermeiros. Resultados as práticas do enfermeiro para o monitoramento das doenças crônicas identificadas foram: Grupo HiperDia; educação em saúde; telemonitoramento; acolhimento; visita domiciliar; consulta de Enfermagem; plano de cuidados; automonitoramento e protocolos. Conclusão e implicações para a prática os enfermeiros do contexto estudado realizam práticas diversas para o monitoramento das doenças crônicas, contribuindo para a efetividade das políticas para esta condição e, possivelmente, com a queda no indicador de mortalidade por essas causas.

Mortalidade por suicídio em adolescentes, adultos e idosos, nas regiões do Brasil, entre 1996 e 2016

Objetivo: Verificar a tendência da taxa de mortalidade por suicídio em adolescentes, adultos e idosos, nas Regiões do Brasil, entre 1996 e 2016. Métodos: Estudo de séries temporais, incluindo óbitos por suicídio de adolescentes, adultos e idosos. Foram utilizados dados secundários, disponibilizados pelo Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade e pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. A análise de regressão linear segmentada foi adotada para calcular a variação anual percentual e alterações significativas na tendência. Resultados: Entre 1996 e 2016 ocorreram 195.440 óbitos por suicídio no Brasil. Houve aumento significativo na taxa de mortalidade por suicídio na região Nordeste em adolescentes e adultos do sexo feminino. As taxas aumentaram no Nordeste e reduziram significativamente no Sudeste e Sul para as idosas. O sexo masculino apresentou aumento da taxa de mortalidade por suicídio nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste para os adolescentes; aumento nas regiões Norte e Nordeste e, redução significativa da taxa na região Sul para os adultos. Para os idosos, houve aumento na região Norte e redução significativa da taxa na região Sul. Conclusão: Observou-se diferentes taxas de mortalidade por suicídio entre regiões, sexos e grupos etários.

Práticas de enfermeiros de um hospital universitário na continuidade do cuidado para a atenção primária

Resumo Objetivo compreender as práticas dos enfermeiros de um hospital universitário na continuidade do cuidado para a atenção primária. Método estudo exploratório, descritivo e qualitativo, realizado entre agosto e novembro de 2019, em hospital universitário no Sul do Brasil, com 21 enfermeiros e a diretora de Enfermagem, aplicando-se, respectivamente, um instrumento on-line na plataforma Survey Monkey e uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo segundo Minayo. Resultados emergiram três categorias: práticas dos enfermeiros; fortalezas e fragilidades e competências para a continuidade do cuidado. Na admissão e alta, os enfermeiros realizam entrevista e exame físico do paciente. Os pontos positivos foram a comunicação e o conhecimento do contexto familiar da equipe multiprofissional hospitalar e os negativos, a falta de sistema informatizado, a integração dos profissionais do hospital com a atenção primária, o enfermeiro gestor de altas e o protocolo de contrarreferência. A continuidade do cuidado requer, dos enfermeiros, experiência profissional, conhecimento sobre a rede de atenção, habilidades de comunicação, liderança e tomada de decisão. Conclusão e implicações para a prática os enfermeiros compreendem a importância da continuidade do cuidado, entretanto, algumas fragilidades encontradas na instituição dificultam a realização dessas práticas.

Risk factors associated with mortality in young and long-lived older adults in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

This article aims to investigate risk factors associated with mortality in young (< 80 years) and long-lived (≥ 80 years) older adults in Florianópolis. A longitudinal population-based study of 1702 older adults participants of the EpiFloripa Ageing Study. Deaths were identified through searches in the Mortality Information System. The probability of survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank methods. The effect of risk factors for mortality was evaluated using Cox Regression models, adjusted for gender, family income, leisure physical activity, depressive symptoms, functional disability, falls, smoking, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. The overall survival probability was 89.9% and 52.6% for the young and long-lived older adults, respectively. For younger older adults, the risk of death was higher for males, ex-smokers and those with moderate/severe disability. For the long-lived older adults, only those with depressive symptoms had a higher risk of death. These results reveal different risk profiles of death among younger and older adults and the need for a differentiated look in the health care of this population.

Limitations and possibilities in university management performed by nursing managers

OBJECTIVE

Understand limitations and possibilities in university management performed by nursing managers of the undergraduate nursing course of a public university.

METHOD

A qualitative study with theoretical and methodological framework anchored in the Grounded Theory. Data collection took place between May and September 2016, and the studied scenario was the Nursing Department of a public university in southern Brazil.

RESULTS

The entrepreneurial profile and the leadership in interpersonal relations were highlighted among the possibilities, in addition to the co-responsibility in raising public resources to solve the university educational demands; as limitations, the scarcity of financial resources and the high demand for bureaucratic activities which have repercussions on the slowness of university public management processes.

CONCLUSION

The nursing manager experiences limitations through their actions and interactions with people, and recognizes possibilities in the structure and processes of coordinating issues of collective interest in the university educational context.

Integration in health: cooperation at triple international border Amazon

OBJECTIVE

To describe the scope and limitations of the main strategies of cooperation in health, adopted between 2005 and 2017, in the context of the triple border Brazil, Colombia and Peru.

METHOD

Single, explanatory, qualitative, integrated case study carried out in 2017, in the context of the triple Amazon border, Brazil, Colombia and Peru, in the city of Tabatinga, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Our sources of evidence were: documentary data; interviews with health managers of the State Health Secretariats of Amazonas and Municipal Health of Tabatinga, Municipal Health Council of Tabatinga and Consulate of Peru in Colombia; and direct observations in four health services of Tabatinga. Data were organized with MaxQDA12® software.

RESULTS

Data analyzed showed that, during the study period, the Brazilian federal government made several health cooperation agreements with both Peru and Colombia and that the state government of Amazonas undertook strategies to improve the health conditions of the dwellers of Tabatinga and the region of Alto Solimões, which indirectly reached the populations of neighboring countries, supporting the interrelationships between the countries of the region. Regarding the municipal government, we verified the existence of health integration agreements, established informally, to minimize the adversities of the local health.

CONCLUSION

The cooperation strategies in health adopted in the triple Amazon border have different purposes, benefits and limitations. It is noteworthy that the existence of cooperation agreements between the federal governments of Brazil, Colombia and Peru and the presence of informal cooperation agreements between the municipal governments of Tabatinga (Brazil), Leticia (Colombia) and Santa Rosa (Peru). The limitations of this study are the lack of knowledge of local managers about the cooperation agreements established between federal governments and the lack of legitimacy of the informal agreements established by the Tabatinga government.

CONTINUITY OF HOSPITAL DISCHARGE CARE FOR PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: SPANISH PRACTICE

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand discharge plan and the facilities and difficulties for continuity of care in Primary Health Care. Method: a qualitative and exploratory study carried out in Madrid, Barcelona, Murcia, Seville and Granada, with 29 hospital liaison nurses working in university hospitals, between 2016 and 2018. For data collection, an online questionnaire was used with open and closed questions about the profile of nurses; work context; hospital discharge plan; communication between hospital nurses and primary care. All were analyzed based on Thematic Analysis. Results: hospital liaison nurses from Spain draw up a discharge plan at least 48 hours in advance. They offer a Continuity of Care Report, guide patients, families and caregivers to the necessary care after hospital discharge, coordinate consultations and referrals and carry out home visits. Communication with primary care occurs through the computerized system and telephone. Monitoring takes place using indicators and statistical reports. In cases of readmission, nurses are requested and contacted by nurses in primary care. Communication with primary care is among the facilities. Lack of liaison nurses is among the difficulties. Conclusion: hospital liaison nurses from Spain carry out a discharge plan and communicate with primary care. When patients are hospitalized, they are called when there is a need for continuity of care for primary care.

ROLE OF NURSES FOR CONTINUITY OF CARE AFTER HOSPITAL DISCHARGE

ABSTRACT Objective: to recognize the role of nurses to maintain continuity of care for users after hospital discharge. Method: an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The study was applied at hospital discharge originating from the most complex health center in Magallanes, the Hospital Clinico Magallanes, Chile. Data were collected through interviews with nurses, carried out between May and August 2018. To analyze the material, the content analysis technique was used. Results: three categories emerged, which bring together what nurses mention in their discourse: How they see the implementation of hospital nursing services, which facilitate continuity of care in the healthcare network of discharged patients (known as care networks); Who they identify in the nursing service for continuity of care after discharge (care networks), which these nursing professionals make and suggestions for their performance; and How care networks affect users in continuity of care after discharge. Conclusion: the role of nurses is key in patient discharge from hospital. With autonomy and competencies for comprehensive care, professionals facilitate the healthcare transition; manage hospital discharge, convening the institutional nursing network and the emerging networks with primary health care; aspire to develop strategies for an inter-level care network, with systematic participation.

Training and work process in Multiprofessional Residency in Health as innovative strategy

ABSTRACT Objectives: To reflect about education in health and work process on three programs of multiprofessional residency in Florianópolis/SC. Method: Reflexive study about Multiprofessional Residency Health Programs of Florianópolis. Results: Multiprofessional Residency characterizes training health professionals through service education. Developing these professionals’ specialization with assignments that promote professional exercise and magnifies multiprofessional work at the same time, for excellency in unabridged healthcare. Final Considerations: Multiprofessional Residency Programs make interdisciplinary education, sharing knowledge between residents and other professionals stimulating development of innovation skills.

Premature mortality caused by the main chronic noncommunicable diseases in the Brazilian states

OBJECTIVE

To verify the variation of the premature mortality rate caused the group of the main chronic noncommunicable diseases.

METHOD

This is a time-series ecological study, which used secondary data of the Mortality Information System, from 2006 to 2014, from the 26 federal units and from the Federal District. Deaths caused by circulatory system diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases were included. The trend of adjusted mortality rate was analyzed by segmented linear regression.

RESULTS

Premature mortality tended to be reduced in most states, except for Maranhão and Rio Grande do Norte, which presented a stable premature mortality rate. Bahia, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Roraima and all the states from the South, Southeast and Central-West Regions reached the goal of reducing 2% per year in premature mortality caused by main diseases.

CONCLUSION

Most of the states showed a reduced mortality rate and are reaching the proposed target.

The continuity of hospital nursing care for Primary Health Care in Spain

OBJECTIVE

To learn the profile and activities carried out by the Hospital Nurse Liaison for the continuity of care in Primary Health Care in Spain.

METHOD

An exploratory study with a qualitative approach developed in five University Hospitals in Madrid and three in Barcelona, with Hospital Nurse Liaisons who work in Hospitals in Madrid (8) and Barcelona (11). An online questionnaire was applied with open and closed questions for data collection. The data were analyzed by the content analysis technique in the thematic modality.

RESULTS

Nineteen (19) Hospital Nurse Liaisons participated in the study. The liaisons' ages ranged from 26 to 64 years old, the majority were women (94.73%) with experience between 21 and 30 years (52.63%), and had worked in this job between 6 months and 26 years. The Nurse Liasion is required to perform a clinical assessment of the patient prior to discharge and to contact the Nurse in the patient's area of origin by telephone or e-mail. It is necessary to have experience as an educator, to work in a team and have motivation.

CONCLUSION

Nurses in Spain perform care continuity for Primary Health Care, in which their activities encompass the availability of resources and experience in managing the care of complex patients and their families.

EVITABILIDADE DO ÓBITO INFANTIL E FETAL: INTERLOCUÇÃO ENTRE COMITÊ E ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE

Objetivo: evidenciar como ocorre a interlocução entre o Comitê de Prevenção do Óbito Materno, Infantil e Fetal e a Atenção Primária à Saúde no município de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina.Método: estudo de caso único, com abordagem qualitativa, que teve como contexto o referido Comitê, justificado pelo caso decisivo, o Distrito Sanitário Norte. Na coleta de dados foram utilizadas quatro fontes de evidência e, na análise, a técnica de construção da explanação.Resultados: evidenciou-se a implantação e organização do Grupo Técnico de Estudos sobre Mortalidade Materno-Infantil, como o agente interlocutor entre o Comitê e a atenção primária, que revisa condutas e processos de trabalho e propõe melhorias na assistência durante o pré-natal.Conclusão: as estratégias de gestão implementadas pelo Distrito Norte podem ser tomadas como exemplo para outros cenários, sobretudo para a promoção de uma interlocução efetiva com a atenção primária.

Counter-referral in Emergency Care Units: discourse of the collective speech

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the facilities and difficulties of the counter-referral of an Emergency Care Unit in Santa Catarina State. Method: Descriptive, qualitative study, with the participation of three nurses and 17 physicians. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview and analyzed using the Discourse of the Collective Subject technique. For the theoretical basis, the Política Nacional de Atenção às Urgências (National Policy of Emergency Care) and the Rede de Atenção às Urgências (Network of Care to the Emergencies) was used. Results: The facilities of the counter-referral correspond to the strategies of communication with the Primary Care: embracement; good interpersonal relationships; and electronic medical record network. The difficulties are related to the deficiencies of Primary Care and specialized services, such as the insufficient number of physicians and the delay in scheduling consultations and more complex exams. Final considerations: The difficulties highlighted indicate significant challenges of the local health system in the search for integration between emergency care points.

ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA MEETINGS: AN INDISPENSABLE TOOL FOR LOCAL PLANNING

ABSTRACT Objective: to demonstrate the structure, functioning and contributions of the Estratégia Saúde da Família work meetings regarding local health planning. Method: a single case study with five integrated units of analysis, represented by the coordinator of the Health Centre and four Estratégia Saúde da Família teams. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation and documentary research from October to December 2014. Data were triangulated, organized with MaxQDA®Plus software, and analyzed according to the explanatory construction technique. Results: three analytical categories were identified: Structure and functioning of the Estratégia Saúde da Família work meetings; Participation of professionals in the Estratégia Saúde da Família work meetings for local planning; Processes that contribute to local health planning. Conclusion: work meetings are essential for the construction of local health planning. They provide professional integration through discussions, and facilitate decision-making and information exchange.

Healthcare networks: trends of knowledge development in Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the trend of scientific production about Healthcare Networks in thesis and dissertations in Brazil. Methods: documental, descriptive and exploratory study, with a quantitative approach, on the published between 2013 and 2016. The data collection was based on the catalog of theses and dissertations of Brazilian Personnel Improvement Coordination of Superior Level, during January 2018. Results: The 190 papers founded were distributed in four main classes: Integrated Healthcare Networks Management; Thematic health networks; Primary Healthcare as network Ordinator; and Professional education in healthcare networks. Conclusion: It is trend in the scientific knowledge production the study of Primary Healthcare as the ordinator of network and its interface with the other levels, the professional education in healthcare networks, the continuing education in health, focused on the healthcare networks management.

O PROCESSO DE ANÁLISE DA EVITABILIDADE DOS CASOS DE ÓBITO INFANTIL E FETAL: ESTUDO DE CASO ÚNICO

RESUMO Objetivo: evidenciar o processo de análise da evitabilidade dos casos de óbito infantil e fetal realizado por um Comitê municipal de uma capital do Sul do Brasil. Método: estudo de caso único com duas unidades integradas de análise, realizado com nove representantes institucionais de um comitê de prevenção de óbito infantil e fetal. A coleta dos dados ocorreu de forma triangulada por entrevista focada, observação direta não participante e pesquisa documental durante janeiro e abril de 2016. A análise foi realizada com técnica de construção da explanação. Resultados: o resumo do caso de óbito infantil e fetal evidencia-se como um instrumento de discussão. Os fatores que contribuem para a ocorrência do óbito infantil e fetal e as situações que desencadeiam os óbitos sintetizam o processo de análise do caso de óbito na perspectiva da evitabilidade. No processo de análise são utilizadas informações sobre percurso da gestante e da criança dentro da rede e nos três níveis de atenção à saúde. Conclusão: o processo de análise da evitabilidade dos casos de óbito infantil e fetal permite a compreensão dos fatores e situações que levam à sua ocorrência, possibilitando propor ações de saúde que possam contribuir para redução das taxas de mortalidade.

Classification of patients and nursing staff's sizing: contributions of a management technology

OBJECTIVE

Applying PRAXIS® technology resources for patient classification and nursing professional sizing in university hospital inpatient unit.

METHOD

Convergent Care Research following the design and instrumentation phases - defined the research theme and purpose, performed in a medical clinic hospital unit involving 633 participants; scrutiny - classification of patients during 30 days of June 2016, followed by sizing, analysis and interpretation of the results - elaborated with the support of the management theorization in hospital nursing.

RESULTS

Amongst the total of 633 classifications made, 29.38% were patients in minimal care, 35.71% were intermediate care patients, 33.02% were highly dependent, 1.42% were semi-intensive and 0.47% were in intensive care. Two references were used to carry out the sizing; in both the available team showed to be in deficit.

CONCLUSION

The classification of patients and the sizing of nursing professionals are directly related, they are indispensable for management in nursing and difficult to perform daily. Computerized technologies are useful for performing these activities.

University management nurse: a grounded theory

OBJECTIVE

to understand the meaning of the university management performed by nurses managers of the nursing undergraduate course of a public university.

METHOD

this is a qualitative research, based on the grounded theory. Data collection took place between May and September 2016, with open interviews, in the scenario of a federal public university. The technique of constant comparative analysis of the data was followed, obtaining a theoretical sample with 19 nurses, in two sample groups.

RESULTS

there were three categories emerged that shaped the phenomenon: Articulating complex collectives through university management for the qualified training of new nurses. The categories included: a) conditions, defined by perceiving the commitment to the collective, previous experiences, and training for health management, as motivations to be a teacher manager; b) actions/interactions, delimited by Knowing and recognizing, in practice, the university management process, limits and possibilities in the coordination of complex collective subjects; and, c) consequences, such as Improving teaching work and taking responsibility for university education.

CONCLUSION

the nurses teaching managers to explain university management as a set of individual and collective actions that, articulated in a complex social environment, promote conditions for the training of critical and reflexive nurses with the demands of society.

A integração de saúde entre fronteiras internacionais: uma revisão integrativa

Resumo Objetivo: Evidenciar os tipos e a finalidade dos acordos de integração de atenção à saúde que ocorrem em regiões de fronteiras internacionais. Métodos: Revisão integrativa de literatura, na qual foram selecionados estudos publicados entre 2006 a 2015, indexados nas bases eletrônicas CINAHL, Clinics Collection, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus e SocINDEX. Foram incluídos 13 estudos. Resultados: Demonstram que os acordos de integração em regiões de fronteiras entre países são dos tipos formais e informais, formalizadas por governos federais ou legislações internacionais. Como finalidade destes acordos, prevalecem os de monitoramento, detecção e controle de doenças em regiões fronteiriças. Conclusão: Os acordos estudados objetivam a cooperação para o enfrentamento de dificuldades regionais. As ações de integração tendem a minimizar as assimetrias de saúde das populações fronteiriças.

Trends in the job market of nurses in the view of managers

OBJECTIVE

to identify and interpret the main trends of the labor market for nurses in Rio Grande do Norte, based on the opinion of managers of training institutions and employers.

METHOD

Data were collected through interviews with key informants, organized using Atlas.ti software resources and examined under the thematic content review.

RESULTS

the study showed six trends in the labor market of nurses: availability of professionals to the market; worsening working conditions with precariousness; indication for insertion in employment; unemployment for nurses; shortage of nurses; and the existence of a cooperative of nursing professionals.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

the current scenario of growth in the number of registered nurses without the expansion of the job supply has remained, unemployment tends to increase and work conditions will worsen.

O ESTUDO DE CASO COMO MÉTODO DE PESQUISA EM ENFERMAGEM: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a aplicação do estudo de caso como método de pesquisa pela enfermagem nas publicações científicas nacionais e internacionais. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura realizada nas bases bibliográficas eletrônicas PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS e SciELO, utilizando os descritores estudo de caso, pesquisa e enfermagem. Foram incluídos artigos originais disponíveis na íntegra no formato on-line, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, no recorte temporal de 2010 a 2015. Resultados: foram encontrados 624 estudos, dos quais 50 atenderam ao objetivo. Os autores Yin e Stake foram os pesquisadores cujos referenciais metodológicos de estudo de caso se destacaram no contexto da pesquisa na área da enfermagem. A aplicação do método abrangeu os diferentes campos de atuação da profissão: educação, assistência/cuidado e gestão/administração. Conclusão: o estudo de caso como método de pesquisa mostrou-se uma importante metodologia que pode ser amplamente utilizada pela enfermagem nos seus diversos campos de atuação ao buscar compreender fenômenos relacionados a indivíduos, grupos ou organizações.

Rede regionalizada de atenção à saúde no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, entre 2011 e 2015: sistema de governança e a atenção à saúde bucal

Resumo: Objetivou-se descrever o sistema de governança empreendido na estruturação da rede regionalizada de atenção à saúde no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, baseando-se na Comissão Intergestores Bipartite (CIB), tendo como foco a estruturação da atenção à saúde bucal. Trata-se de um estudo de cunho qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, do tipo documental, tendo por base os fundamentos da governança como ferramenta analítica, por meio da identificação das dimensões atores, normas, pontos nodais e processos. Dados secundários foram coletados em atas de reuniões realizadas pela CIB entre janeiro de 2011 e dezembro de 2015. A análise mostra fragilidades na governança empreendida pela CIB catarinense no que concerne à estruturação da atenção à saúde bucal de forma regionalizada e sob a perspectiva de rede. A estruturação da atenção à saúde bucal ocorre de forma paralela a outras redes temáticas no estado e apresenta a expansão dos serviços odontológicos, principalmente de média complexidade, como efeito do processo de governança vigente. As relações estabelecidas entre os gestores e os processos decisórios identificados permitiram reconhecer a “prescrição” dessa rede, visto que há pouca negociação e demanda local, sendo mais restrita ao seguimento de recomendações e incentivos da esfera federal/estadual, estes intermediados por técnicos da secretaria estadual. Dessa forma, a definição de agenda propícia à formulação de política voltada para a atenção à saúde bucal dos catarinenses torna-se fragilizada e apresenta um posicionamento periférico frente às demais ações de saúde.

Atividades desenvolvidas pelos comitês de prevenção do óbito infantil e fetal: revisão integrativa

RESUMO Objetivo Sistematizar o conhecimento sobre as atividades desenvolvidas por comitês que atuam com a prevenção do óbito infantil e fetal. Método Revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada no mês de novembro de 2015, nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, LILACS, BDEnf e SciELO, utilizando as palavras-chave e descritores mortalidade infantil, óbito infantil, óbitos infantis, óbito fetal, óbitos fetais, mortalidade fetal, mortalidade neonatal, comitê de profissionais, comissão, comissões, comitês consultivos. Os 34 estudos selecionados foram organizados e analisados com auxílio do Microsoft Excel®. Resultados Há comitês de âmbito internacional, nacional, regional, estadual e municipal que analisam óbitos e realizam atividades para qualificar a assistência materno-infantil e alimentar os sistemas de informação em saúde. Conclusão Os comitês de prevenção do óbito infantil e fetal desenvolvem atividades de coleta, produção, análise e divulgação de informações relacionadas ao óbito com a finalidade de reduzir taxas de mortalidade infantil e fetal.

Normative grounds of health care practice in Brazilian nursing

Objective:

to understand the normative grounds of health care practice in Brazilian nursing.

Method:

qualitative study with the use of document research, carried out based on resolutions of the Federal Nursing Council. From a total of 263 resolutions, in the period from 1975 to 2015, 38 which were in accordance with the objective of the study were selected.

Results:

three analytical categories were systematized: Normative grounds of health care practice by the nursing team, under coordination/supervision of the nurse; Normative grounds of the care performed privately by the nurse; and Management and administrative aspects which affect and permeate the practice of health care in nursing.

Conclusion:

the set of normative grounds of health care practice by the nursing team leads to the reflection on the possible overlapping of attributions between professional levels and requires expansion to the other fields of nursing which are coherent with the health care network model.

Educational topics for school from the perspective of professionals in the Mobile Emergency Service

OBJECTIVE

To systematize, with professionals from the Mobile Emergency Care Service of Santa Catarina municipality, the main issues for the development of an educational tool of attention to the emergency room, dedicated to the school-age population.

METHOD

Qualitative study, conducted through meetings in the focus group format, with 19 professionals who develop their activities in the city Emergency Mobile Emergency Service. Data were categorized and analyzed using thematic analysis technique.

RESULTS

The contents discussed at the meetings were grouped into four thematic categories: The Mobile Emergency Service and the school: education and health promotion for children; As the Mobile Emergency Care Service works: What is important to know ?; Something's wrong, what now? and; We are nearly finished, give your opinion.

CONCLUSIONS

The specific issues arising from the meetings contributed to the production of an educational tool on the activities of the Mobile Emergency Service, which may be used by the School Health Program to promote health education in the care area to the emergency room with the population schoolchildren.

OBJETIVO

Sistematizar, junto aos profissionais do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência de um município catarinense, os principais temas para a elaboração de um instrumento educativo sobre atenção às urgências, dedicado à população em idade escolar.

MÉTODO

Estudo qualitativo, realizado por meio de encontros no formato de grupo focal, com 19 profissionais que desenvolvem suas atividades no Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência municipal. Os dados foram categorizados e analisados com a técnica de análise temática.

RESULTADOS

Os conteúdos debatidos nos encontros foram agrupados em quatro categorias temáticas: O Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência e a escola: educação e promoção da saúde para as crianças; Como o Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência funciona: o que é importante saber?; Tem algo errado, e agora? e; Estamos quase concluindo, dê sua opinião.

CONCLUSÃO

Os temas específicos resultantes dos encontros contribuíram para a produção de um instrumento educacional sobre as atividades do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência, que poderá ser utilizado pelo Programa Saúde na Escola para promover educação em saúde na área de atenção às urgências junto à população em idade escolar.

[Oral health care in the health network and the regionalization process]

The scope of this article is to outline the construction of the regionalized health network, focusing on oral health care and identifying the problems and the progress in its implementation. The context was the proposed national network model in the policies that underpin the Unified Health System. This is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach methodologically supported by Grounded Theory. Interviews were conducted with managers, health professionals and teachers graduated in Dentistry, forming three sample groups. The core category was named "Enhancing the interaction of oral health care in the health network in the regionalization process." In the proposed theoretical model, the enhancement of interaction arises from conditions such as: the characterization of oral health care in the regionalized health network; the identification of difficulties in the implementation process; and the analysis of the operation of the oral health care network. The inclusion of oral health in the network is at an early stage, sometimes detached from the set of relations that constitutes the health network, which is also being consolidated. Evidence gathered in this study indicates the structuring of the regionalized health care network as a prerequisite to raise oral health care and assistance to a new level.

NURSING CARE IN BLOOD TRANSFUSION: A TOOL FOR PATIENT MONITORING

ABSTRACT Qualitative study, developed through discussion groups, with the objective to elaborate, along with nurses, a tool to monitor patients submitted to blood transfusion. Study participants were 11 nursing professionals, being three nursing technicians and eight nurses. Data were analyzed with the content analysis technique, resulting in two categories: Quality of nursing care for patients undergoing blood transfusion and monitoring of patients submitted to blood transfusion. It was identified that professionals are able to understanding the concept of quality and seek to implement actions to achieve a good standard of patient care. In line with the current regulations, the professionals have structured a tool for recording information on blood transfusion, serving as a tool to monitor patients who are receiving this therapy. This research is intended to help identify and intervene early in the onset of transfusion reactions.

HEALTH SURVEILLANCE AND PAP TEST COVERAGE: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

ABSTRACT This integrative review aimed to evidence in the literature health surveillance activities that contribute to the increased coverage of the cervical Pap smear. The search was undertaken between April and May 2014 in the databases LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE and Scopus, using the keywords health surveillance, cervix neoplasm prevention, and Papanicolaou test, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. We selected 341 articles, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. In studies, the actions have been identified and grouped according to two main control practices of cervical cancer adopted in Brazil: primary prevention and secondary prevention, with emphasis on health promotion and prevention actions that contributed to the increased coverage of the cervical Pap smear.

Care management in nursing within emergency care units

OBJECTIVE

Understand the conditions involved in the management of nursing care in emergency care units.

METHODOLOGY

Qualitative research using the methodological framework of the Grounded Theory. Data collection occurred from September 2011 to June 2012 through semi-structured interviews with 20 participants of the two emergency care units in the city of Florianopolis, Brazil.

RESULTS

Hindering factors to care management are: lack of experience and knowledge of professionals in emergency services; inadequate number of professionals; work overload of emergency care units in the urgent care network; difficulty in implementing nursing care systematization, and need for team meetings. Facilitating factors are: teamwork; importance of professionals; and confidence of the nursing technicians in the presence of the nurse.

CONCLUSION

Whereas the hindering factors in care management are related to the organizational aspects of the emergency care units in the urgency care network, the facilitating ones include specific aspects of teamwork.

INDICATORS AND INFORMATION IN LOCAL HEALTH PLANNING: THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE FAMILY HEALTH STRATEGY NURSES

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the use of health indicators from the Primary Care Information System by Family Health Strategy nurses in the planning of local health action. It is a multiple case study, whose data were collected by documentary research, nonparticipant observation and semistructured interviews held with eight nurses from the teams selected, analyzed using the technique of combined thematic summary. The results evidenced the health indicators used, the health information, and criticisms made of the computerized information system. The nurses use the health indicators in planning activities related to the Family Health Strategy, but use other sources of data in order to complement the information. For them, the instrument is restricted and limited, as it is necessary to broaden the information referent to the health indicators and regionalize the instrument in order to better attend the community.

[Control mechanisms for the integration of teaching and service in the Pró-Saúde nursing programme]

OBJECTIVE

To characterize and analyze the control mechanisms of institutional relations for the integration of health education and services linked to the Pro-Saúde programme, according to the professors and nurses of health centres in Florianópolis.

METHOD

A qualitative approach based on a single case study. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in the second semester of 2012 at eight health centres where nursing students carry out practical activities and internships in primary health care. The data were subjected to content analysis with the comparison of responses from both segments.

RESULTS

Three categories were created: Characterization of control mechanisms; Influences of control mechanisms; and, Suggestions for the improvement of control mechanisms for the integration of teaching and services.

CONCLUSION

A greater understanding of the control mechanisms for the integration of teaching and services proportionally leads to better management of inter-organizational cooperation and the subsequent improvement of the care provided to users.

Topics of pre-hospital care for schoolchildren: the perspective of professionals of the Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU)

This study aimed to investigate from the perspective of professional SAMU, the main themes of pre-hospital care (PHC), as subsidies for development of an educational tool focused on the school population. A qualitative study, four meetings in the focus group format, with 19 professional SAMU, in a municipality of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Data were categorized and analyzed with thematic analysis. The results highlighted the main issues or health problems of urgent and emergency tool for modeling and possible application in the context of the School Health Program. It was concluded that the selected topics are critical in the context of the APH, the potential severity and the possibility they involve children, even within the school environment.

ACOLHIMENTO COM CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE RISCO: UM INDICADOR DA DEMANDA EMERGENCIAL DE UM SERVIÇO HOSPITALAR

Este estudo objetivou caracterizar e analisar a porta de entrada e possíveis estratégias para organizaçãodo Serviço de Emergência de um Hospital Universitário, considerando o acolhimento com classificação de risco,a Rede de Atenção às Urgências e a Rede de Atenção à Saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde. Estudo descritivo,transversal, realizado entre nove de abril e oito de junho de 2012. Obteve-se um total de 3.078 casos deacolhimento. Os dados foram coletados por meio de observação participante e de consulta documental, analisadospor temática e estatística descritiva. Os resultados mostraram que 63,55% dos acolhidos acessaram o referidoserviço devido a casos não emergenciais. Após caracterização, discutiram-se alguns elementos para organizaçãoda demanda emergencial na perspectiva de rede de atenção. O estudo mostrou que apesar da classificação derisco ser uma estratégia inovadora, por si só não soluciona os problemas de excesso de demanda não emergencial. 

[Inter-organizational relationship in the integration teaching-nursing service at the primary health care]

This study aimed to characterize the stages of the inter-organizational relationships between educational and caring aspects of Nursing, operating in the context of primary health care in a municipality of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The qualitative approach of the case study was used by deliberately selecting the cooperation between two organizations. Eight teaching nurses and eight assistant nurses were interviewed. The data were submitted to content analysis, and the results demonstrated a number of elements in the phases of interaction (negotiation, commitment and execution of activities), as well as the variability of their content over time. It was concluded that the interaction, at an operational level, is characterized by dynamics that happen during relationship cycles, usually spanning through the school-semester, producing new negotiations and commitments for the following semester.

Cuidado às mulheres em situação de violência conjugal: importância do psicólogo na Estratégia de Saúde da Família

A violência conjugal compromete a saúde mental das mulheres, estando associada à baixa autoestima e depressão. No fomento de ações para enfrentamento desse agravo, destaca-se a atuação dos psicólogos. Objetivou-se compreender o significado do apoio psicológico à mulher em situação de violência conjugal, no âmbito da Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 52 profissionais que atuam em unidades de saúde em Santa Catarina, Brasil. A coleta e análise de dados basearam-se na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Os profissionais de saúde significam que as mulheres em vivência de violência conjugal necessitam de apoio psicológico e as referenciam para o psicólogo, por considerá-los mais bem preparados para o empoderamento da mulher no sentido de romper com a situação de violência. Todavia, queixam-se do número limitado de psicólogos, considerando a demanda na comunidade. Sinaliza-se para a necessidade de repensar as ações em saúde no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde, a partir da integração e articulação intersetorial a fim de que seja assegurado às mulheres o apoio psicológico necessário para o enfrentamento da violência conjugal.

Cooperation and the relationship between education and healthcare institutions: the nursing pró-saúde project

This qualitative study used a case study approach with the aim of analyzing the cooperation between the Nursing Course of the Federal University of Santa Catarina and the Municipal Health Secretariat of Florianópolis, from the Pró-Saúde I Project. The data, from documentary sources and interviews, were analyzed using the directed content analysis technique, and interpreted considering the Cooperative Interorganizational Relationships Model. The results show commitment to formalize the project between both institutions, at a strategic level, followed by negotiations and commitments, culminating with a modified project and a new agreement regulating the partnership. For its implementation, the Management Committee was responsible for making effective, in a cyclic way, the relationship for the proposed activities. It is concluded that there was approximation between the institutions at different levels, reflected in the cooperation within the healthcare units for education-service integration, with the aim of redirecting the nursing training.

Governanca em enfermagem: revisao integrativa da literatura

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e caracterizar os tipos de governança em enfermagem, destacando seu impacto na prática dos enfermeiros e no cuidado em saúde. Trata-se de revisão integrativa a partir das bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS e na biblioteca eletrônica SciELO, de 2007 a 2011, com os descritores Governança /Governance e Enfermagem/ Nursing, totalizando 25 artigos. Foram identificados três modelos de governança, estudados principalmente nos Estados Unidos e Inglaterra: governança compartilhada, governança clínica e governança pública. Entre os impactos desses modelos, destacam-se: melhoria da qualidade assistencial, maior autonomia profissional dos enfermeiros, melhoria da articulação entre os serviços de saúde e maior satisfação profissional entre enfermeiros. Pontua-se a necessidade da realização de estudos sobre a temática na América Latina, com o intuito de avaliar sua aplicabilidade em diferentes contextos.

Vacinação contra influenza: construção de um instrumento educativo para maior adesão dos profissionais de enfermagem

Este estudo objetivou construir um instrumento educativo, na modalidade de cartilha, com o intuito de sensibilizar e promover maior adesão dos profissionais de enfermagem à vacinação contra Influenza. Trata-se de uma pesquisa construtivista, com participação de profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário, nas etapas de elaboração e validação dos conhecimentos. A cartilha impressa "Influenza/Gripe - O profissional da saúde precisa saber" foi disponibilizada no site www.hu.ufsc.br, por ocasião da campanha de vacinação 2011. Confirmou-se desinformação sobre o tema; ampla consulta ao site, pelo número de acessos e possíveis leituras; sua importância para a sensibilização dos profissionais de enfermagem; e contribuição para ações educativas na instituição. A Cartilha é um instrumento que pode permitir o alcance de níveis adequados de adesão à vacinação, proporcionando assistência segura ao paciente, e proteção da saúde do profissional, da família e da comunidade.

Políticas públicas de saúde face à epidemia da AIDS e a assistência às pessoas com a doença

Objetivou-se identificar as principais políticas públicas sobre HIV/AIDS no cenário brasileiro, a partir de 1980 e refletir sobre seu impacto na assistência às pessoas que convivem com HIV/AIDS. A partir dos descritores políticas públicas de saúde, Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida e assistência integral à saúde, obtive-se uma amostra de 23 artigos, nas bases de dados Medline e Lilacs. Após análise, verificaram-se dois momentos: o primeiro, do surgimento das políticas públicas em resposta à epidemia da AIDS; e o segundo, de melhoria da assistência às pessoas que convivem com HIV/AIDS. Apesar dos reconhecidos avanços conquistados em termos de políticas públicas de saúde no país, há ainda um complexo caminho em busca da qualidade da assistência às pessoas com HIV/AIDS.

User embracement as a good practice in primary health care

The purpose of this study was to understand user embracement as a good practice for use in primary health care, according to the perceptions of administrators, health professionals and patients, considering the dimensions of dialogue, attitude and reorganization of health services. It consists of a descriptive-analytical investigation, of a qualitative nature. The Grounded Theory was used as the theoretical-methodological referential. Data were obtained through interviews performed with seven coordinators, ten professionals and twelve patients of the Health Centers of Florianópolis-SC. Under the perspective of good practices, user embracement becomes a point of intersection between different subjects and primary health care practices, unfolding the dimensions of embracement-dialogue, embracement-attitude and embracement-reorganization of services. User embracement triggers transformations in the working process, in the relationships established in the care spaces and in the organizational scope of the services. The interconnection of this triad reconfigures and changes the actions in primary health care and contributes to the consolidation of this health care model.