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Van Puyvelde S, de Block T, Sridhar S, Bawn M, Kingsley RA, Ingelbeen B, Beale MA, Barbé B, Jeon HJ, Mbuyi-Kalonji L, Phoba MF, Falay D, Martiny D, Vandenberg O, Affolabi D, Rutanga JP, Ceyssens PJ, Mattheus W, Cuypers WL, van der Sande MAB, Park SE, Kariuki S, Otieno K, Lusingu JPA, Mbwana JR, Adjei S, Sarfo A, Agyei SO, Asante KP, Otieno W, Otieno L, Tahita MC, Lompo P, Hoffman IF, Mvalo T, Msefula C, Hassan-Hanga F, Obaro S, Mackenzie G, Deborggraeve S, Feasey N, Marks F, MacLennan CA, Thomson NR, Jacobs J, Dougan G, Kariuki S, Lunguya O. A genomic appraisal of invasive Salmonella Typhimurium and associated antibiotic resistance in sub-Saharan Africa. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6392. [PMID: 37872141 PMCID: PMC10593746 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease manifesting as bloodstream infection with high mortality is responsible for a huge public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is the main cause of iNTS disease in Africa. By analysing whole genome sequence data from 1303 S. Typhimurium isolates originating from 19 African countries and isolated between 1979 and 2017, here we show a thorough scaled appraisal of the population structure of iNTS disease caused by S. Typhimurium across many of Africa's most impacted countries. At least six invasive S. Typhimurium clades have already emerged, with ST313 lineage 2 or ST313-L2 driving the current pandemic. ST313-L2 likely emerged in the Democratic Republic of Congo around 1980 and further spread in the mid 1990s. We observed plasmid-borne as well as chromosomally encoded fluoroquinolone resistance underlying emergences of extensive-drug and pan-drug resistance. Our work provides an overview of the evolution of invasive S. Typhimurium disease, and can be exploited to target control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Van Puyvelde
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK.
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | | | - Sushmita Sridhar
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matt Bawn
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
- Earlham Institute, Norwich, UK
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Robert A Kingsley
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
- School of Biological Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Brecht Ingelbeen
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mathew A Beale
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Hyon Jin Jeon
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- International Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Madagascar Institute for Vaccine Research, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Lisette Mbuyi-Kalonji
- Department of Medical Biology, University Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- National Institute for Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Marie-France Phoba
- Department of Medical Biology, University Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- National Institute for Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Dadi Falay
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Delphine Martiny
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles-Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000, Brussels, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vandenberg
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles-Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dissou Affolabi
- Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Jean Pierre Rutanga
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Pieter-Jan Ceyssens
- National Reference Center for Salmonella, Unit of Human Bacterial Diseases, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wesley Mattheus
- National Reference Center for Salmonella, Unit of Human Bacterial Diseases, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wim L Cuypers
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marianne A B van der Sande
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Se Eun Park
- International Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei University Graduate School of Public Health, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Simon Kariuki
- Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centre for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Kephas Otieno
- Kenya Medical Research Institute/Centre for Global Health Research, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - John P A Lusingu
- National Institute for Medical Research, Tanga, Tanzania
- Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Joyce R Mbwana
- National Institute for Medical Research, Tanga, Tanzania
| | - Samuel Adjei
- University of Health & Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Anima Sarfo
- University of Health & Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Seth O Agyei
- University of Health & Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Kwaku P Asante
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Research and Development Division, Ghana Health Service, Kintampo North Municipality, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | | | | | - Marc C Tahita
- Institut de Recherche en Science de la Santé, Direction Régionale du Centre-Ouest/ClinicalResearch Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso
| | - Palpouguini Lompo
- Institut de Recherche en Science de la Santé, Direction Régionale du Centre-Ouest/ClinicalResearch Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Tisungane Mvalo
- University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chisomo Msefula
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Fatimah Hassan-Hanga
- Department of Paediatrics, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
- Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Stephen Obaro
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- International Foundation Against Infectious Diseases in Nigeria (IFAIN), Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Grant Mackenzie
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Nicholas Feasey
- University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Florian Marks
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- International Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Madagascar Institute for Vaccine Research, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Calman A MacLennan
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Enteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Global Health, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas R Thomson
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Jan Jacobs
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gordon Dougan
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Samuel Kariuki
- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Octavie Lunguya
- Department of Medical Biology, University Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- National Institute for Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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