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Kurian D, Sundaram V, Naidich AG, Shah SA, Ramberger D, Khan S, Ravi S, Patel S, Ribeira R, Brown I, Wagner A, Gharahbhagian L, Miller K, Shen S, Yiadom MYAB. Changes in low-acuity patient volume in an emergency department after launching a walk-in clinic. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2023; 4:e13011. [PMID: 37484497 PMCID: PMC10361543 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Unscheduled low-acuity care options are on the rise and are often expected to reduce emergency department (ED) visits. We opened an ED-staffed walk-in clinic (WIC) as an alternative care location for low-acuity patients at a time when ED visits exceeded facility capacity and the impending flu season was anticipated to increase visits further, and we assessed whether low-acuity ED patient visits decreased after opening the WIC. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we compared patient and clinical visit characteristics of the ED and WIC patients and conducted interrupted time-series analyses to quantify the impact of the WIC on low-acuity ED patient visit volume and the trend. Results There were 27,211 low-acuity ED visits (22.7% of total ED visits), and 7,058 patients seen in the WIC from February 26, 2018, to November 17, 2019. Low-acuity patient visits in the ED reduced significantly immediately after the WIC opened (P = 0.01). In the subsequent months, however, patient volume trended back to pre-WIC volumes such that there was no significant impact at 6, 9, or 12 months (P = 0.07). Had WIC patients been seen in the main ED, low-acuity volume would have been 27% of the total volume rather than the 22.7% that was observed. Conclusion The WIC did not result in a sustained reduction in low-acuity patients in the main ED. However, it enabled emergency staff to see low-acuity patients in a lower resource setting during times when ED capacity was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Kurian
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vandana Sundaram
- Quantitative Sciences UnitStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Shreya A. Shah
- Stanford University School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Saud Khan
- Stanford Health CarePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Shashank Ravi
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sunny Patel
- Department of Emergency MedicineNew York‐Presbyterian Hospital–Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ryan Ribeira
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ian Brown
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexei Wagner
- Department of Emergency MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Kate Miller
- Quantitative Sciences UnitStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sam Shen
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Maame Yaa A. B. Yiadom
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Stanford University School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Emergency MedicineNew York‐Presbyterian Hospital–Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Nayak RU, Ravi S, Kondayapalepu PS, Prabhakar D, Govindarajan P, Van Den Berg P. Journal update monthly top five. Emerg Med J 2023; 40:390-391. [PMID: 37085187 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2023-213235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Uday Nayak
- Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Shashank Ravi
- Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Govindan MD S, Ravi S, Ekambaram S, Ganesan K. WCN23-0413 COMPARISON OF RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SHORT-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOME OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN CAUSED BY NON- ESBL AND ESBL PRODUCING BACTERIA. Kidney Int Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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Ravi S, Graber‐Naidich A, Sebok‐Syer SS, Brown I, Callagy P, Stuart K, Ribeira R, Gharahbaghian L, Shen S, Sundaram V, Yiadom MYAB. Effectiveness, safety, and efficiency of a drive-through care model as a response to the COVID-19 testing demand in the United States. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2022; 3:e12867. [PMID: 36570369 PMCID: PMC9767858 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Here we report the clinical performance of COVID-19 curbside screening with triage to a drive-through care pathway versus main emergency department (ED) care for ambulatory COVID-19 testing during a pandemic. Patients were evaluated from cars to prevent the demand for testing from spreading COVID-19 within the hospital. Methods We examined the effectiveness of curbside screening to identify patients who would be tested during evaluation, patient flow from screening to care team evaluation and testing, and safety of drive-through care as 7-day ED revisits and 14-day hospital admissions. We also compared main ED efficiency versus drive-through care using ED length of stay (EDLOS). Standardized mean differences (SMD) >0.20 identify statistical significance. Results Of 5931 ED patients seen, 2788 (47.0%) were walk-in patients. Of these patients, 1111 (39.8%) screened positive for potential COVID symptoms, of whom 708 (63.7%) were triaged to drive-through care (with 96.3% tested), and 403 (36.3%) triaged to the main ED (with 90.5% tested). The 1677 (60.2%) patients who screened negative were seen in the main ED, with 440 (26.2%) tested. Curbside screening sensitivity and specificity for predicting who ultimately received testing were 70.3% and 94.5%. Compared to the main ED, drive-through patients had fewer 7-day ED revisits (3.8% vs 12.5%, SMD = 0.321), fewer 14-day hospital readmissions (4.5% vs 15.6%, SMD = 0.37), and shorter EDLOS (0.56 vs 5.12 hours, SMD = 1.48). Conclusion Curbside screening had high sensitivity, permitting early respiratory isolation precautions for most patients tested. Low ED revisit, hospital readmissions, and EDLOS suggest drive-through care, with appropriate screening, is safe and efficient for future respiratory illness pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Ravi
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Stefanie S. Sebok‐Syer
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ian Brown
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Patrice Callagy
- Emergency ServicesStanford Health CarePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Karen Stuart
- Emergency ServicesStanford Health CarePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ryan Ribeira
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Laleh Gharahbaghian
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sam Shen
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vandana Sundaram
- Quantitative Sciences UnitStanford UniversityPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Maame Yaa A. B. Yiadom
- Department of Emergency MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
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Ravi S, Patel SR, Laurence SK, Sebok-Syer SS, Gharahbaghian L. Kotter's 8 stages of change: implementation of clinical screening protocols for assessing patients for COVID-19 - a review of an academic medical centre's preparedness. BMJ Lead 2022; 6:319-322. [PMID: 36794606 DOI: 10.1136/leader-2020-000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 screening protocols rapidly evolved as a result of changing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and California Department of Public Health (CDPH) recommendations. These protocols led to operational improvements at one large academic medical centre using change management methods explained in Kotter's 8-stage change model. METHODS We reviewed all iterations of clinical process maps for identifying, isolating and assessing COVID-19 infections in paediatric and adult populations within one emergency department (ED) from 28 February 2020 to 5 April 2020. We incorporated CDC and CDPH criteria for the various roles of healthcare workers in ED patient assessment. RESULTS Using Kotter's 8-stage change model, we outlined the chronological evolution of basic screening criteria, as well as how these were reviewed, modified and implemented during the onset and through the time of greatest uncertainty of COVID-19 in the USA. Our results demonstrate a successful creation, and subsequent execution, of rapidly changing protocols across a large workforce. CONCLUSION We effectively applied a business change management framework to the hospital management response during a pandemic; we share these experiences and challenges to inform and guide future operational decision making during times of rapid change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Ravi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sunny R Patel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Stefanie S Sebok-Syer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Laleh Gharahbaghian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Olagbenro M, Myers D, Ravi S, Xu S, Walter J. 284 A single-arm, prospective clinical study of blue light phototherapy as a novel treatment for Grover’s Disease and psoriasis vulgaris. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Scofi J, Parwani V, Rothenberg C, Patel A, Ravi S, Sevilla M, D'Onofrio G, Ulrich A, Venkatesh AK. Improving Emergency Department Throughput Using Audit-and-Feedback With Peer Comparison Among Emergency Department Physicians. J Healthc Qual 2022; 44:69-77. [PMID: 34570029 DOI: 10.1097/jhq.0000000000000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We sought to determine if audit-and-feedback with peer comparison among emergency physicians is associated with improved emergency department (ED) throughput and decreased variation in physician performance. METHODS We implemented an audit-and-feedback with peer comparison tool at a single urban academic ED from March 1, 2013, to July 1, 2018. In the first study period, physicians received no reports. In the second period, they received daily reports. In the third period, they received daily, quarterly, and annual reports. Outcomes included patients per hour, admission rate, time to admission, and time to discharge. RESULTS A total of 272,032 patient visits and 36 ED physicians were included. The mean admission rate decreased 6.8%; the mean time to admission decreased 43.8 minutes; and the mean time to discharge decreased 40.6 minutes. Variation among physicians decreased for admission rate, time to admission, and time to discharge. Low-performing outliers showed disproportionately larger improvements in patients per hour, admission rate, time to admission, and time to discharge. CONCLUSIONS Automated peer comparison reports for academic emergency physicians was associated with lower admission rates, shorter times to admission, and shorter times to discharge at the departmental level, as well as decreased practice variation at the individual level.
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Krsihna BV, Gangadhar A, Ravi S, Mohan D, Panigrahy AK, Rajeswari VR, Prakash MD. A Highly Sensitive Graphene-based Field Effect Transistor for the Detection of Myoglobin. Silicon 2022; 14:11741-11748. [PMCID: PMC9043500 DOI: 10.1007/s12633-022-01790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical applications adapt Nano technology-based transistors as a key component in the biosensors for diagnosing life threatening diseases like Covid-19, Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), etc. The proposed work introduces a new biosensor, based on Graphene Field Effect Transistor (GFET), which is used in the diagnosis of Myoglobin (Mb) in human blood. Graphene-based biosensors are faster, more precise, stronger, and more trustworthy. A GFET is created in this study for the detection of myoglobin biomarker at various low concentrations. Because graphene is sensitive to a variety of biomarker materials, it can be employed as a gate material. When constructed Graphene FET is applied to myoglobin antigens, it has a significant response. The detection level for myoglobin is roughly 30 fg/ml, which is quite high. The electrical behavior of the GFET-based biosensor in detecting myoglobin marker is ideal for Lab-on-Chip platforms and Cardiac Point-of-Care Diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Vamsi Krsihna
- Department of ECE, Koneru Lakshmaih Education Foundation, Guntur, 522502 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - A. Gangadhar
- Department of ECE, University College of Engineering Narasaropet, Narasaropet, 522601 India
| | - S. Ravi
- Department of ECE, Gudlavalleru Engineering College, 521356 Gudlavalleru, Andhra Pradesh India
| | - D. Mohan
- Department of ECE, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, 501301 Hyderabad, Telangana India
| | - Asisa Kumar Panigrahy
- Department of ECE, Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering & Technology, 500090 Hyderabad, Telangana India
| | - V. Raja Rajeswari
- Department of ECE, VR Siddhartha Engineering College, 520007 Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh India
| | - M. Durga Prakash
- Department of ECE, SRM University-AP, 522240 Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh India
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Maddali VR, Nagula P, Ravi S, P KMK. Predictors of coronary slow flow phenomenon in patients with angina and normal epicardial coronaries. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP), also called as syndrome Y is characterized by the delayed passage of contrast distally when injected into the epicardial coronaries. It accounts for upto 7% of patients undergoing coronary angiogram (CAG) for angina. Conventionally, it is determined by the coronary filling time. We aimed to determine whether coronary emptying time is a significant predictor of the coronary slow flow.
Purpose
To determine the coronary artery filling time and emptying time at prespecified vascular landmarks in patients with chest pain and normal epicardial coronaries.
To determine the association of coronary arterial filling time and emptying time in patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon.
To determine the association of various conventional coronary artery disease risk factors and various clinical parameters in patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon.
Methods
Patients with angina, having normal epicardial coronaries on CAG were selected consecutively between January 2019 and December 2020. Each angiogram was assessed for the coronary filling and emptying times at prespecified standard vascular landmarks on the basis of TIMI frame counts (TFC).
Results
A total of 37 patients with normal epicardial coronaries were analyzed, out of which 27 patients had slow flow in LAD and 17 patients had slow flow in RCA (10 had normal flow in LAD and 12 had normal flow in RCA). Eight had non dominant RCA, which were too small for analyzing TFC were excluded from the study. We observed positive correlation of coronary filling times and emptying times, both in LAD (R-Sq 0.24) and RCA (R-Sq 0.05) in slow flow patients unlike those with normal flow. We found the filling times and emptying times are significantly prolonged in slow flow patients [with mean CTFC values of 77.94 & 92.85 in LAD and 36.91 & 120.82 in RCA, respectively (P<0.05)]. The capillary and venous transit time is prolonged both in LAD and RCA slow flow groups, which was of statistical significance in the RCA slow flow group (P<0.05), but not in LAD slow flow group (P=0.43). We observed slow flow significantly more in male population (P=0.02) and associated with high LDL/HDL ratios and high triglycerides.
Conclusion
1. In addition to coronary artery filling times, Coronary artery emptying time is an independent and significant predictor of coronary slow flow phenomenon.
2. Capillary and venous transit time is significantly prolonged in patients with slow flow in RCA whereas in patients with LAD slow flow there is non significant prolongation of capillary and venous transit time.
3. There is a positive correlation of coronary emptying time with coronary filling time in Coronary Slow Flow. This correlation is not seen in patients with normal coronary flow.
4. Coronary slow flow is observed significantly more in male population.
5. Coronary slow flow is significantly associated with high LDL/HDL ratios and triglyceride levels.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Study designAngiographic landmarks for LAD and RCA – Pictorial representation
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Maddali
- Osmania General Hospital, Cardiology, Hyderabad, India
| | - P Nagula
- Osmania General Hospital, Cardiology, Hyderabad, India
| | - S Ravi
- Osmania General Hospital, Cardiology, Hyderabad, India
| | - K M K P
- Osmania General Hospital, Cardiology, Hyderabad, India
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Raza A, Ravi S, Tajudeen S, Sheriff A. Sulfonated covalent triazine polymer loaded with Pd nanoparticles as a bifunctional catalyst for one pot hydrogenation esterification reaction. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Callagy P, Ravi S, Khan S, Yiadom MYAB, McClellen H, Snell S, Major TW, Yefimova M. Operationalizing a Pandemic-Ready, Telemedicine-Enabled Drive-Through and Walk-In Coronavirus Disease Garage Care System as an Alternative Care Area: A Novel Approach in Pandemic Management. J Emerg Nurs 2021; 47:721-732. [PMID: 34303530 PMCID: PMC8173460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emergency departments face unforeseen surges in patients classified as low acuity during pandemics such as the coronavirus disease pandemic. Streamlining patient flow using telemedicine in an alternative care area can reduce crowding and promote physical distancing between patients and clinicians, thus limiting personal protective equipment use. This quality improvement project describes critical elements and processes in the operationalization of a telemedicine-enabled drive-through and walk-in garage care system to improve ED throughput and conserve personal protective equipment during 3 coronavirus disease surges in 2020. METHODS Standardized workflows were established for the operationalization of the telemedicine-enabled drive-through and walk-in garage care system for patients presenting with respiratory illness as quality improvement during disaster. Statistical control charts present interrupted time series data on the ED length of stay and personal protective equipment use in the week before and after deployment in March, July, and November 2020. RESULTS Physical space, technology infrastructure, equipment, and staff workflows were critical to the operationalization of the telemedicine-enabled drive-through and walk-in garage care system. On average, the ED length of stay decreased 17%, from 4.24 hours during the week before opening to 3.54 hours during the telemedicine-enabled drive-through and walk-in garage care system operation. There was an estimated 25% to 41% reduction in personal protective equipment use during this time. CONCLUSION Lessons learned from this telemedicine-enabled alternative care area implementation can be used for disaster preparedness and management in the ED setting to reduce crowding, improve throughput, and conserve personal protective equipment during a pandemic.
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Das M, Mamnoon F, Mansoor H, Meneguim AC, Singh P, Shah I, Ravi S, Kalon S, Hossain FN, Ferlazzo G, Isaakidis P, Furin J, Acharya S, Thakur HP. New TB drugs for the treatment of children and adolescents with rifampicin-resistant TB in Mumbai, India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:1265-1271. [PMID: 33317670 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) clinic in Mumbai, India.OBJECTIVE: To determine the final treatment outcomes, culture conversion and adverse events (AEs) during treatment among children and adolescents (0-19 years) with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) who received ambulatory injectable-free treatment, including bedaquiline (BDQ) and/or delamanid (DLM) during September 2014-January 2020.DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study based on review of routinely collected programme data.RESULTS: Twenty-four patients were included; the median age was 15.5 years (min-max 3-19) and 15 (63%) were females. None were HIV-coinfected. All had fluoroquinolone resistance. Twelve received treatment, including BDQ and DLM, 11 received DLM and one BDQ. The median exposure to BDQ (n = 13) and DLM (n = 23) was 82 (IQR 80-93) and 82 (IQR 77-96) weeks, respectively. Seventeen (94%) patients with positive culture at baseline (n = 18) had negative culture during treatment; median time for culture-conversion was 7 weeks (IQR 5-11). Twenty-three (96%) had successful treatment outcomes: cured (n = 16) or completed treatment (n = 7); one died. Eleven (46%) had 17 episodes of AEs. Two of 12 serious AEs were associated with new drugs (QTcF >500 ms).CONCLUSION: Based on one of the largest global cohorts of children and adolescents to receive new TB drugs, this study has shown that injectable-free regimens containing BDQ and/or DLM on ambulatory basis were effective and well-tolerated among children and adolescents and should be made routinely accessible to these vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Das
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai
| | | | | | | | - P Singh
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - I Shah
- Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - S Ravi
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - S Kalon
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | | | - G Ferlazzo
- Southern Africa Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - P Isaakidis
- Southern Africa Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J Furin
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Acharya
- Mumbai Districts AIDS Control Society, Mumbai
| | - H P Thakur
- Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India
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Puttagunta M, Ravi S. Medical image analysis based on deep learning approach. Multimed Tools Appl 2021; 80:24365-24398. [PMID: 33841033 PMCID: PMC8023554 DOI: 10.1007/s11042-021-10707-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Medical imaging plays a significant role in different clinical applications such as medical procedures used for early detection, monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment evaluation of various medical conditions. Basicsof the principles and implementations of artificial neural networks and deep learning are essential for understanding medical image analysis in computer vision. Deep Learning Approach (DLA) in medical image analysis emerges as a fast-growing research field. DLA has been widely used in medical imaging to detect the presence or absence of the disease. This paper presents the development of artificial neural networks, comprehensive analysis of DLA, which delivers promising medical imaging applications. Most of the DLA implementations concentrate on the X-ray images, computerized tomography, mammography images, and digital histopathology images. It provides a systematic review of the articles for classification, detection, and segmentation of medical images based on DLA. This review guides the researchers to think of appropriate changes in medical image analysis based on DLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muralikrishna Puttagunta
- Department of Computer Science, School of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | - S. Ravi
- Department of Computer Science, School of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
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Venkatesh A, Ravi S, Rothenberg C, Kinsman J, Sun J, Goyal P, Augustine J, Epstein SK. Fair Play: Application of Normalized Scoring to Emergency Department Throughput Quality Measures in a National Registry. Ann Emerg Med 2021; 77:501-510. [PMID: 33455841 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE The measurement of emergency department (ED) throughput as a patient-centered quality measure is ubiquitous; however, marked heterogeneity exists between EDs, complicating comparisons for payment purposes. We evaluate 4 scoring methodologies for accommodating differences in ED visit volume and heterogeneity among ED groups that staff multiple EDs to improve the validity and "fairness" of ED throughput quality measurement in a national registry, with the goal of developing a volume-adjusted throughput measure that balances variation at the ED group level. METHODS We conducted an ED group-level analysis using the 2017 American College of Emergency Physicians Clinical Emergency Data Registry data set, which included 548 ED groups inclusive of 889 unique EDs. We calculated ED throughput performance scores for each ED group by using 4 scoring approaches: plurality, simple average, weighted average, and a weighted standardized score. For comparison, ED groups (ie, taxpayer identification numbers) were grouped into 3 types: taxpayer identification numbers with only 1 ED; those with multiple EDs, but no ED with greater than 60,000 visits; and those with multiple EDs and at least 1 ED with greater than 60,000 visits. RESULTS We found marked differences in the classification of ED throughput performance between scoring approaches. The weighted standardized score (z score) approach resulted in the least skewed and most uniform distribution across the majority of ED types, with a kurtosis of 12.91 for taxpayer identification numbers composed of 1 ED, 2.58 for those with multiple EDs without any supercenter, and 3.56 for those with multiple EDs with at least 1 supercenter, all lower than comparable scoring methods. The plurality and simple average scoring approaches appeared to disproportionally penalize ED groups that staff a single ED or multiple large-volume EDs. CONCLUSION Application of a weighted standardized (z score) approach to ED throughput measurement resulted in a more balanced variation between different ED group types and reduced distortions in the length-of-stay measurement among ED groups staffing high-volume EDs. This approach may be a more accurate and acceptable method of profiling ED group throughput pay-for-performance programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Venkatesh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale New Haven Health System, New Haven, CT.
| | - Shashank Ravi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Craig Rothenberg
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jeremiah Kinsman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jean Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Pawan Goyal
- American College of Emergency Physicians, Washington, DC
| | - James Augustine
- National Clinical Governance Board, US Acute Care Solutions, Canton, OH
| | - Stephen K Epstein
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
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Natchimuthu V, Ravi S, Amoros J. Improved Performance of Carbamazepine and Benzodiazepine by Oxygen Enrichment through Perfluorodecalin for Lennox-Gastaut Type of Seizures. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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Kumar R, Ravi S, Immanuel David C, Nandhakumar R. A photo-induced electron transfer based reversible fluorescent chemosensor for specific detection of mercury (II) ions and its applications in logic gate, keypad lock and real samples. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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17
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Ngo J, Ravi S, Kim N, Boukhman M. Drive-through Medicine for COVID-19 and Future Pandemics. West J Emerg Med 2020; 22:252-256. [PMID: 33856308 PMCID: PMC7972391 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2020.9.48799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ngo
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Shashank Ravi
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Milana Boukhman
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford, California
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Sell T, Warmbrod L, Trotochaud M, Ravi S, Martin E, Watson C. Using prediction polling for infectious disease forecasting. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Meneguim AC, Rebello L, Das M, Ravi S, Mathur T, Mankar S, Kharate S, Tipre P, Oswal V, Iyer A, Mansoor H, Kalon S, Garone D, Ferlazzo G, Isaakidis P. Adapting TB services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mumbai, India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 24:1119-1121. [PMID: 33126951 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Das
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - S Ravi
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - T Mathur
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - S Mankar
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Mumbai, India
| | - S Kharate
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Mumbai, India
| | - P Tipre
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Mumbai, India
| | - V Oswal
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, Mumbai, India
| | - A Iyer
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | | | - S Kalon
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Mumbai
| | - D Garone
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Ferlazzo
- Southern Africa Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cape Town, South Africa, ,
| | - P Isaakidis
- Southern Africa Medical Unit, Médecins Sans Frontières, Cape Town, South Africa, ,
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Chekijian S, Kinsman J, Taylor RA, Ravi S, Parwani V, Ulrich A, Venkatesh A, Agrawal P. Association between patient-physician gender concordance and patient experience scores. Is there gender bias? Am J Emerg Med 2020; 45:476-482. [PMID: 33069544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient satisfaction, a commonly measured indicator of quality of care and patient experience, is often used in physician performance reviews and promotion decisions. Patient satisfaction surveys may introduce gender-related bias. OBJECTIVE Examine the effect of patient and physician gender concordance on patient satisfaction with emergency care. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of electronic health record and Press Ganey patient satisfaction survey data of adult patients discharged from the emergency department (2015-2018). Logistic regression models were used to examine relationships between physician gender, patient gender, and physician-patient gender dyads. Binary outcomes included: perfect care provider score and perfect overall assessment score. RESULTS Female patients returned surveys more often (n=7 612; 61.55%) and accounted for more visits (n=232 024; 55.26%). Female patients had lower odds of perfect scores for provider score and overall assessment score (OR: 0.852, 95% CI: 0.790, 0.918; OR: 0.782, 95% CI: 0.723, 0.846). Female physicians had 1.102 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.213) times the odds of receiving a perfect provider score. Physician gender did not influence male patients' odds of reporting a perfect care provider score (95% CI: 0.916, 1.158) whereas female patients treated by female physicians had 1.146 times the odds (95% CI: 1.019, 1.289) of a perfect provider score. CONCLUSION Female patients prefer female emergency physicians but were less satisfied with their physician and emergency department visit overall. Over-representation of female patients on patient satisfaction surveys introduces bias. Patient satisfaction surveys should be deemphasized from physician compensation and promotion decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Chekijian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jeremiah Kinsman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - R Andrew Taylor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shashank Ravi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Vivek Parwani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrew Ulrich
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Arjun Venkatesh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pooja Agrawal
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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21
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Krsihna BV, Ravi S, Prakash MD. Recent developments in graphene based field effect transistors. Mater Today Proc 2020; 45:S2214-7853(20)35804-1. [PMID: 32983908 PMCID: PMC7505095 DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive survey on the recent developments in Graphene Field Effect Transistor (G-FET), considering various aspects such as fabrication, modelling and simulation tools and applications especially in sensors, highlighting the future directions. Complying with the Moore's law, to increase the transistor density of an Integrated Circuit, new alternate materials for fabrication have been tried, instead of silicon due to its limitations in reducing transistor dimensions. Graphene, one such material, proves to be a suitable alternate for silicon due to the factors like superior carrier mobility and very high trans-conductance gain, etc and G-FET is becoming the most suitable choice for high-speed analog VLSI, RF, and bio- sensor circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vamsi Krsihna
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru 521356, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M Durga Prakash
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada 520 007, Andhra Pradesh, India
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22
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Stewart JD, Shakya KM, Bilinski T, Wilson JW, Ravi S, Choi CS. Variation of near surface atmosphere microbial communities at an urban and a suburban site in Philadelphia, PA, USA. Sci Total Environ 2020; 724:138353. [PMID: 32408469 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms are abundant in the near surface atmosphere and make up a significant fraction of organic aerosols with implications on both human health and ecosystem services. Despite their importance, studies investigating biogeographical patterns of the atmospheric microbiome between urban and suburban areas are limited. Urban and suburban locations (including their microbial communities) vary considerably depending on climate, topography, industrial activities, demographics and other socio-economic factors. Hence, we need more location-specific data to make informed decision affecting air quality, human health, and the implication of a changing climate and policy decisions. The objective of this study was to describe how the atmospheric microbiome varies in composition and function between urban and suburban sites. We used high-throughput sequencing to analyze microbial communities collected at different times from PM2.5 samples collected by active sampling method (using a pump and an impactor) and dust settling of TSP collected by passive sampling method (no pump and no impactor) from an urban and suburban site. We found diverse communities unique in composition at both sites with equivalent functional potential. Taxonomic composition varied significantly with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Other phyla in greater relative abundance at the urban site. In contrast, Cyanobacteria, Tenericutes, Fusobacteria, and Deinococcus, were enriched at the suburban site. Community diversity also demonstrated a high degree of temporal variation within site. We identified over one-third of the communities as potentially pathogenic taxa (urban: 47.52% ± 14.40%, suburban: 34.53% ± 14.60%) and determined the majority of organisms come from animal-associated host or are environmental non-specific. Potentially pathogenic taxa and source environments were similar between active- and passive- sampling method results. Our research is novel it adds to the underrepresented set of studies on atmospheric microbial structure and function across land types and is the first to compare suburban and urban atmospheric communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Stewart
- Department of Geography & the Environment, Villanova University, PA, USA
| | - K M Shakya
- Department of Geography & the Environment, Villanova University, PA, USA.
| | - T Bilinski
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J W Wilson
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, PA, USA
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Earth & Environmental Science, Temple University, PA, USA
| | - Chong Seok Choi
- Department of Earth & Environmental Science, Temple University, PA, USA
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23
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Natchimuthu V, Sharmila N, Ravi S. Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 1-methyl-4-(2-methyl-10 H-benzo[ b]thieno[2,3- e][1,4]diazepin-4-yl)piperazin-1-ium 2,5-di-hydroxy-benzoate propan-2-ol monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:1168-1172. [PMID: 32695474 PMCID: PMC7336797 DOI: 10.1107/s205698902000818x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title salt, C17H21N4S+·C7H5O4 -·C3H7OH, consists of an olanzapinium cation, an independent 2,5-di-hydroxy-benzoate anion and a solvent isopropyl alcohol mol-ecule. The central seven-membered heterocycle is in a boat conformation, while the piperazine ring displays a distorted chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the benzene and thiene rings flanking the diazepine ring is 52.58 (19)°. In the crystal, the anions and cations are connected by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Natchimuthu
- Department of Physics, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur 639113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Sharmila
- Department of Physics, Shrimati Indira Gandhi College, Tiruchirappalli 620 002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Ravi
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Physics, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli 620 001, Tamilnadu, India
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24
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Kumar IG, Pradeep S, Ravi S, Kiran HJ, Raghunath N. Stem cells in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics: Current trends and future perspectives. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_45_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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Kumar IG, Raghunath N, Jyothikiran H, Ravi S, Pradeep S. Influence of chronic congenital systemic disorder effects in orthodontic treatment. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/ijor.ijor_22_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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26
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Maurya P, Sadanandan A, Aal M, Ravi S, Bapsy P. Sahai: A restorative support to address unmet needs of women with cancer – impact on quality of life. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz434.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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27
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Bhattacharya S, Kumar H, Guha A, Dagar AK, Pathak S, (Pasricha) KR, Mondal S, Vinod Kumar K, Farrand W, Chatterjee S, Ravi S, Sharma AK, Rajawat AS. Potential of Airborne Hyperspectral Data for Geo-Exploration over Parts of Different Geological/Metallogenic Provinces in India based on AVIRIS-NG Observations. CURR SCI INDIA 2019. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v116/i7/1143-1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Elumalai K, Velmurugan S, Ravi S, Kathiravan V, Ashokkumar S. Retraction notice to "Facile, Eco-friendly and template free phytosynthesis of Cauliflower like ZnO nanoparticles using leaf extract of Tamarindus indica (L.) and its biological evolution of antibacterial and antifungal activities" [Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 136 (Part B) (2015) 1052-1057]. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 207:363. [PMID: 30342768 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Elumalai
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, India
| | - S Velmurugan
- Department of Engineering Physics (FEAT), Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, India.
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Engineering Physics (FEAT), Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, India
| | - V Kathiravan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, India
| | - S Ashokkumar
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, India
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Elumalai K, Velmurugan S, Ravi S, Kathiravan V, Ashokkumar S. Retraction notice to "Green synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera leaf extract and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity" [Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 143 (2015) 158-164]. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 206:651. [PMID: 30266450 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Elumalai
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608002, India
| | - S Velmurugan
- Department of Engineering Physics (FEAT), Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, India.
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Engineering Physics (FEAT), Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, India
| | - V Kathiravan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608002, India
| | - S Ashokkumar
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608002, India
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Hariprasad T, Varatharajan K, Ravi S. Investigation of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Al 5083-ZrSiO 4-Gr Hybrid Composite. Int J Nanosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x17600298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this present work, an attempt is made to compare the microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties of Al 5083-5% and 10% Gr, Al 5083-5% and 10% ZrSiO4 composite with Al 5083-5, 10% Gr-5 and 10% ZrSiO4 hybrid composite. The samples were prepared by using the stir casting technique, and the characterizations of composites and hybrid composite were observed by using SEM, EDAX and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile, compressive strength of hybrid composite were found to be better than those of composites. The wear test was carried out by using a pin-on-disc wear tribometer by varying parameters like normal load (5, 10[Formula: see text]N), sliding speed (1, 1.5, 2[Formula: see text]m/s) with constant sliding distance (2000[Formula: see text]m). The worn surface of the samples is examined by using SEM, and the wear properties of the hybrid composite are found to exhibit superior wear resistance properties than composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Hariprasad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Adhiyamaan College of Engineering, Hosur 635109, India
| | - K. Varatharajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai 600066, India
| | - S. Ravi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sriram Engineering College, Tiruvallur 602024, India
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Repplinger MD, Ravi S, Lee AW, Svenson JE, Sharp B, Bauer M, Hamedani AG. The Impact of an Emergency Department Front-End Redesign on Patient-Reported Satisfaction Survey Results. West J Emerg Med 2017; 18:1068-1074. [PMID: 29085539 PMCID: PMC5654876 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2017.7.33664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction For emergency department (ED) patients, delays in care are associated with decreased satisfaction. Our department focused on implementing a front-end vertical patient flow model aimed to decrease delays in care, especially care initiation. The physical space for this new model was termed the Flexible Care Area (FCA). The purpose of this study was to quantify the impact of this intervention on patient satisfaction. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of patients discharged from our academic ED over a one-year period (7/1/2013–6/30/2014). Of the 34,083 patients discharged during that period, 14,075 were sent a Press-Ganey survey and 2,358 (16.8%) returned the survey. We subsequently compared these survey responses with clinical information available through our electronic health record (EHR). Responses from the Press-Ganey surveys were dichotomized as being “Very Good” (VG, the highest rating) or “Other” (for all other ratings). Data abstracted from the EHR included demographic information (age, gender) and operational information (e.g. – emergency severity index, length of stay, whether care was delivered entirely in the FCA, utilization of labs or radiology testing, or administration of opioid pain medications). We used Fisher’s exact test to calculate statistical differences in proportions, while the Mantel-Haenszel method was used to report odds ratios. Results Of the returned surveys, 62% rated overall care for the visit as VG. However, fewer patients reported their care as VG if they were seen in FCA (53.4% versus 63.2%, p=0.027). Patients seen in FCA were less likely to have advanced imaging performed (12% versus 23.8%, p=0.001) or labs drawn (24.8% vs. 59.1%, p=0.001). Length of stay (FCA mean 159 ±103.5 minutes versus non-FCA 223 ±117 minutes) and acuity were lower for FCA patients than non-FCA patients (p=0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between patient-reported ratings of physicians or nurses when comparing patients seen in FCA vs. those not seen in FCA. Conclusion Patients seen through the FCA reported a lower overall rating of care compared to patients not seen in the FCA. This occurred despite a shorter overall length of stay for these patients, suggesting that other factors have a meaningful impact on patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Repplinger
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Berbee Walsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin.,University of Wisconsin, Madison, Department of Radiology, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Shashank Ravi
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Berbee Walsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Andrew W Lee
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Berbee Walsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - James E Svenson
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Berbee Walsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Brian Sharp
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Berbee Walsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Matt Bauer
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Berbee Walsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Azita G Hamedani
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Berbee Walsh Department of Emergency Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin
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Kumari JV, Vasudeva R, Ravi S. On the asymptotic behavior of maxima and near-maxima of random observations from three parameter lognormal distribution. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/03610926.2016.1189572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Vasantha Kumari
- Department of Studies in Statistics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - R. Vasudeva
- Department of Studies in Statistics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Ravi
- Department of Studies in Statistics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Natchimuthu V, Thomas S, Ramalingam M, Ravi S. Influence of perfluorocarbons on Carbamazepine and Benzodiazepine for a neuro-lung protective strategy. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 43:82-88. [PMID: 28528895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is commonly characterized by a triad of features including multiple seizure types, intellectual disability or regression. LGS type of seizures is epilepsy which is due to abnormal vibrations occurring in seizures. During the time of such abnormal vibrations, both the seizures and the lungs suffer a lack in oxygen content to a considerable extent. This results in prolonged vibrations and loses of nervous control. As a neuro-lung protective strategy, a novel attempt has been made to enrich both seizures and lungs with oxygen content through the support of Perfluorodecalin (an excellent oxygen carrier) C10F18 (PFD) and Perfluorohexane C6F14 (PFH) along with an enhancement in the antiepileptic activity by the two chosen antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Benzodiazepine (BDZ). Perfluorodecalin C10F18 (PFD) and Perfluorohexane C6F14 (PFH) emulsions were prepared by sonication process with combination of nonionic emulsifier, Lecithin (l-α-phosphatidylcholine) as a surfactant in Aqueous phase medium. These emulsions were mixed with Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Benzodiazepine (BDZ) drugs maintained at a temperature of about -20°C to 20°C and were set to slow evaporation process. The products are subjected to Optical microscope, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) - Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Study reveals the co-existence of fluorine and drug ensuring the oxygen uptake by the drug. Morphology of TEM, Optical microscopic images and the particle diameter estimated through Image_J confirms this analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Natchimuthu
- PG & Research Department of Physics, National College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu 620 001, India.
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Interuniversity Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686 560, India.
| | - Murugan Ramalingam
- Associé des Universités, Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
| | - S Ravi
- PG & Research Department of Physics, National College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu 620 001, India.
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Ashokkumar S, Ravi S, Velmurugan S. Retraction notice to Green Synthesis of Silver nanoparticles from Gloriosa superba.L Leaf extract and their catalytic activity [SAA 115C 388-392]. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2017; 173:969. [PMID: 27939415 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ashokkumar
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Engg. Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Velmurugan
- Department of Engg. Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Padam R, Pandya S, Ravi S, Ramakrishnan S, Nigam AK, Grover AK, Pal D. Study of the sign change of exchange bias across the spin reorientation transition in Co(Cr 1-x Fe x ) 2O 4 (x = 0.00-0.125). J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:055803. [PMID: 27911880 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/29/5/055803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present the evolution of novel phenomena of magnetic compensation effect, exchange bias (EB) effect and the field induced anomalies in '[Formula: see text]' substituted multiferroic compound [Formula: see text]. A few percent of '[Formula: see text]' substitution for '[Formula: see text]' in [Formula: see text] results in the reversal of field cooled magnetization under low applied fields below compensation temperature T comp. Further, increase in the field leads to the spin reorientation transition (T SR). Signature of EB in a narrow temperature window in the vicinity of T SR and its sign change across T SR is observed. Magnitude of EB depends on the amount of compensation and rigidity of the spin reorientation. We also notice the appearance of positive EB below the lock-in transition (T L). Presence of unidirectional anisotropy developed in the commensurate spin-spiral below T L could be responsible for the appearance of EB below T L.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Padam
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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Ashokkumar S, Ravi S, Kathiravan V, Velmurugan S. Retraction notice to "Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using A. indicum leaf extract and their antibacterial activity" [SAA (2014) 134C 34-39]. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2017; 171:526. [PMID: 27692292 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ashokkumar
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Engg. Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Kathiravan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Velmurugan
- Department of Engg. Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ashokkumar S, Ravi S, Kathiravan V, Velmurugan S. Retraction notice to "Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of Silver Nanoparticles Using Tribulus terrestris Leaf Extract" [SAA (2014) 88-93]. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2017; 171:527. [PMID: 27692293 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ashokkumar
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Engg. Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Kathiravan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Velmurugan
- Department of Engg. Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ravi S. CUSTOMISED SPORT INJURY REHABILITATION WITH YOGA AND PHYSIOTHERAPY FOR ACL - 12 WEEK REHABILITATION PROGRESS OF AN INJURED YOUNG ALPINE SKIER. Br J Sports Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096952.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Shaw A, Hall J, Ravi S. Random colonic biopsies for chronic diarrhoea – A numbers needed to investigate approach. Int J Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.08.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jotwani A, Ravi S, Vallinayagam S, Ayyalusamy A, Reddy R, Mishra A, Lahiri D, Jain A, Reddy K, J N, Rawat S. Application of Lean Principles to Improve High-Precision Radiation Treatment Process and Patient Experience in a High-Volume Cancer Center. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Comer GC, Behn A, Ravi S, Cheng I. A Biomechanical Comparison of Shape Design and Positioning of Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Cages. Global Spine J 2016; 6:432-8. [PMID: 27433426 PMCID: PMC4947403 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Cadaveric biomechanical analysis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare three interbody cage shapes and their position within the interbody space with regards to construct stability for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. METHODS Twenty L2-L3 and L4-L5 lumbar motion segments from fresh cadavers were potted in polymethyl methacrylate and subjected to testing with a materials testing machine before and after unilateral facetectomy, diskectomy, and interbody cage insertion. The three cage types were kidney-shaped, articulated, and straight bullet-shaped. Each cage type was placed in a common anatomic area within the interbody space before testing: kidney, center; kidney, anterior; articulated, center; articulated, anterior; bullet, center; bullet, lateral. Load-deformation curves were generated for axial compression, flexion, extension, right bending, left bending, right torsion, and left torsion. Finally, load to failure was tested. RESULTS For all applied loads, there was a statistically significant decrease in the slope of the load-displacement curves for instrumented specimens compared with the intact state (p < 0.05) with the exception of right axial torsion (p = 0.062). Among all instrumented groups, there was no statistically significant difference in stiffness for any of the loading conditions or load to failure. CONCLUSIONS Our results failed to show a clearly superior cage shape design or location within the interbody space for use in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garet C. Comer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, United States
| | - Anthony Behn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, United States
| | - Shashank Ravi
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ivan Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, United States,Address for correspondence Ivan Cheng, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063United States
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Sudhakar K, Thirupathi G, Balakishan A, Narsima chary S, Ravi S. Facile synthesis of novel (1-Aryl/alkyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol- 4-yl)methyl-2-bromo-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylates by Cu(I) catalyzed click reaction. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363216070306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Tevis
- Corresponding author: Sarah E. Tevis, MD, University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, 608.263.6400,
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Ashok D, Elsanoosi M, Alanab BFH, Sarasija M, Ravi S. Solvent-free microwave assisted synthesis of morpholine–piperidine–pyrrolidine annulated quinoline-naphthyl based chalcones and their antimicrobial activity. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363216050236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Duran CL, Lee DW, Jung JU, Ravi S, Pogue CB, Toussaint LG, Bayless KJ, Sitcheran R. NIK regulates MT1-MMP activity and promotes glioma cell invasion independently of the canonical NF-κB pathway. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e231. [PMID: 27270613 PMCID: PMC4945740 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence implicates the noncanonical NF-κB pathway as a key driver of glioma invasiveness and a major factor underlying poor patient prognoses. Here, we show that NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK/MAP3K14), a critical upstream regulator of the noncanonical NF-κB pathway, is both necessary and sufficient for cell-intrinsic invasion, as well as invasion induced by the cytokine TWEAK, which is strongly associated with tumor pathogenicity. NIK promotes dramatic alterations in glioma cell morphology that are characterized by extensive membrane branching and elongated pseudopodial protrusions. Correspondingly, NIK increases the phosphorylation, enzymatic activity and pseudopodial localization of membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP/MMP14), which is associated with enhanced tumor cell invasion of three-dimensional collagen matrices. Moreover, NIK regulates MT1-MMP activity in cells lacking the canonical NF-κB p65 and cRel proteins. Finally, increased expression of NIK is associated with elevated MT1-MMP phosphorylation in orthotopic xenografts and co-expression of NIK and MT1-MMP in human tumors is associated with poor glioma patient survival. These data reveal a novel role of NIK to enhance pseudopodia formation, MT1-MMP enzymatic activity and tumor cell invasion independently of p65. Collectively, our findings underscore the therapeutic potential of approaches targeting NIK in highly invasive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Duran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.,Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - D W Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - J-U Jung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.,Medical Sciences Graduate Program, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - S Ravi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - C B Pogue
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - L G Toussaint
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.,The Texas Brain and Spine Institute, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - K J Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.,Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Medical Sciences Graduate Program, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - R Sitcheran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.,Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Medical Sciences Graduate Program, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.,The Texas Brain and Spine Institute, Bryan, TX, USA
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Ashok D, Ravi S, Lakshmi BV, Ganesh A, Adam S. Microwave assisted synthesis of (E)-1-(2-((1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-3-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones and their antimicrobial activity. Russ J Bioorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Natchimuthu V, Jayalatha KA, Ravi S. Characterizing the molecular interaction of perfluorocarbons with carbamazepine and benzodiazepine using photo-acoustic studies. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Natchimuthu V, Bandaru S, Nayarisseri A, Ravi S. Design, synthesis and computational evaluation of a novel intermediate salt of N-cyclohexyl-N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzamide as potential potassium channel blocker in epileptic paroxysmal seizures. Comput Biol Chem 2016; 64:64-73. [PMID: 27266485 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The narrow therapeutic range and limited pharmacokinetics of available Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have raised serious concerns in the proper management of epilepsy. To overcome this, the present study attempts to identify a candidate molecule targeting voltage gated potassium channels anticipated to have superior pharmacological than existing potassium channel blockers. The compound was synthesized by reacting (S)-(+)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4] benzodiazepine5,11(10H,11aH)-dione with 4-(Trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid (C8H5F3O2) in DMF and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) which lead to the formation of an intermediate salt of N-cyclohexyl-N-(cyclohexylcarbamoyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide with a perfect crystalline structure. The structure of the compound was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR analysis. The crystal structure is confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) studies revealed that substituent of fluoro or trifluoromethyl moiety into the compound had a great effect on the biological activity in comparison to clinically used drugs. Employing computational approaches the compound was further tested for its affinity against potassium protein structure by molecular docking in addition, bioactivity and ADMET properties were predicted through computer aided programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Natchimuthu
- PG & Research Department of Physics, National College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirapalli, 620 001 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srinivas Bandaru
- Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore 452010 Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anuraj Nayarisseri
- Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore 452010 Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S Ravi
- PG & Research Department of Physics, National College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirapalli, 620 001 Tamil Nadu, India.
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