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Liu X, Onda M, Schlomer J, Bassel L, Kozlov S, Tai CH, Zhou Q, Liu W, Tsao HE, Hassan R, Ho M, Pastan I. Tumor resistance to anti-mesothelin CAR-T cells caused by binding to shed mesothelin is overcome by targeting a juxtamembrane epitope. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317283121. [PMID: 38227666 PMCID: PMC10823246 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317283121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite many clinical trials, CAR-T cells are not yet approved for human solid tumor therapy. One popular target is mesothelin (MSLN) which is highly expressed on the surface of about 30% of cancers including mesothelioma and cancers of the ovary, pancreas, and lung. MSLN is shed by proteases that cleave near the C terminus, leaving a short peptide attached to the cell. Most anti-MSLN antibodies bind to shed MSLN, which can prevent their binding to target cells. To overcome this limitation, we developed an antibody (15B6) that binds next to the membrane at the protease-sensitive region, does not bind to shed MSLN, and makes CAR-T cells that have much higher anti-tumor activity than a CAR-T that binds to shed MSLN. We have now humanized the Fv (h15B6), so the CAR-T can be used to treat patients and show that h15B6 CAR-T produces complete regressions in a hard-to-treat pancreatic cancer patient derived xenograft model, whereas CAR-T targeting a shed epitope (SS1) have no anti-tumor activity. In these pancreatic cancers, the h15B6 CAR-T replicates and replaces the cancer cells, whereas there are no CAR-T cells in the tumors receiving SS1 CAR-T. To determine the mechanism accounting for high activity, we used an OVCAR-8 intraperitoneal model to show that poorly active SS1-CAR-T cells are bound to shed MSLN, whereas highly active h15B6 CAR-T do not contain bound MSLN enabling them to bind to and kill cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X.F. Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - M. Onda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - J. Schlomer
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - L. Bassel
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - S. Kozlov
- Center for Advanced Preclinical Research, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21701
| | - C.-H. Tai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Q. Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - W. Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - H.-E. Tsao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - R. Hassan
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - M. Ho
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - I. Pastan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
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Velluire-Pellat Z, Maréchal E, Moulonguet N, Saïz G, Ménard GC, Kozlov S, Couëdo F, Amari P, Medous C, Paris J, Hostein R, Lesueur J, Feuillet-Palma C, Bergeal N. Author Correction: Hybrid quantum systems with high-T c superconducting resonators. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17407. [PMID: 37833386 PMCID: PMC10575915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z Velluire-Pellat
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - E Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - N Moulonguet
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - G Saïz
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - G C Ménard
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - S Kozlov
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - F Couëdo
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), 29 Avenue Roger Hennequin, 78197, Trappes, France
| | - P Amari
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - C Medous
- CNRS, Institut Fourier, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INRIA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - J Paris
- My Cryo Firm, 20 Villa des Carrières, 94120, Fontenay-sous-Bois, France
| | - R Hostein
- My Cryo Firm, 20 Villa des Carrières, 94120, Fontenay-sous-Bois, France
| | - J Lesueur
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - C Feuillet-Palma
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - N Bergeal
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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Velluire-Pellat Z, Maréchal E, Moulonguet N, Saïz G, Ménard GC, Kozlov S, Couëdo F, Amari P, Medous C, Paris J, Hostein R, Lesueur J, Feuillet-Palma C, Bergeal N. Hybrid quantum systems with high-T[Formula: see text] superconducting resonators. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14366. [PMID: 37658090 PMCID: PMC10474070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41472-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Superconducting microwave resonators are crucial elements of microwave circuits, offering a wide range of potential applications in modern science and technology. While conventional low-T[Formula: see text] superconductors are mainly employed, high-T[Formula: see text] cuprates could offer enhanced temperature and magnetic field operating ranges. Here, we report the realization of [Formula: see text] superconducting coplanar waveguide resonators, and demonstrate a continuous evolution from a lossy undercoupled regime, to a lossless overcoupled regime by adjusting the device geometry, in good agreement with circuit model theory. A high-quality factor resonator was then used to perform electron spin resonance measurements on a molecular spin ensemble across a temperature range spanning two decades. We observe spin-cavity hybridization indicating coherent coupling between the microwave field and the spins in a highly cooperative regime. The temperature dependence of the Rabi splitting and the spin relaxation time point toward an antiferromagnetic coupling of the spins below 2 K. Our findings indicate that high-Tc superconducting resonators hold great promise for the development of functional circuits. Additionally, they suggest novel approaches for achieving hybrid quantum systems based on high-T[Formula: see text] superconductors and for conducting electron spin resonance measurements over a wide range of magnetic fields and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Velluire-Pellat
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - E. Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - N. Moulonguet
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - G. Saïz
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - G. C. Ménard
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - S. Kozlov
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - F. Couëdo
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais (LNE), 29 Avenue Roger Hennequin, 78197 Trappes, France
| | - P. Amari
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - C. Medous
- CNRS, Institut Fourier, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INRIA, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - J. Paris
- My Cryo Firm, 20 Villa des Carrières, 94120 Fontenay-sous-Bois, France
| | - R. Hostein
- My Cryo Firm, 20 Villa des Carrières, 94120 Fontenay-sous-Bois, France
| | - J. Lesueur
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - C. Feuillet-Palma
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - N. Bergeal
- Laboratoire de Physique et d’Étude des Matériaux, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Melnikov I, Kozlov S, Pogorelova O, Tripoten M, Khamchieva L, Balakhonova T, Saburova O, Avtaeva Y, Zvereva M, Kuznetsova T, Prokofieva L, Gabbasov Z. Correlation of monomeric C-reactive protein level with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis progression in patients with low-grade carotid stenoses and moderate score risk. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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5
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Melnikov I, Kozlov S, Saburova O, Avtaeva Y, Zvereva M, Kuznetsova T, Guseva O, Prokofieva L, Gabbasov Z. Monomeric C-reactive protein as a marker of residual inflammatory risk in patients with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Bradley AJ, Groves DW, Benovoy M, Yang SK, Kozlov S, Taylor JL, Sirajuddin A, Hsu LY, Arai AE. Three Automated Quantitative Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Analyses Versus Invasive Fractional Flow Reserve in Swine. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 14:1871-1873. [PMID: 33865782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Melnikov I, Kozlov S, Saburova O, Avtaeva Y, Zvereva M, Kuznetsova T, Golubeva N, Zyuryaev I, Guseva O, Prokofieva L, Gabbasov Z. Modified C-reactive protein may enhance inflammatory response in acute myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Avtaeva Y, Melnikov I, Kozlov S, Okhota S, Gabbasov Z. Shear stress induced activation of von Willebrand factor may facilitate thrombotic events in coronary artery disease in young adults. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Danilov A, Kozlov S, Zharkova L, Sviridov V, Sviridova Y, Bagaturiya G, Evseev A. [PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH INFECTIOUS ENDOCARDITIS IN CONDITIONS OF LOW FREQUENCY OF ETIOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT PATHOGENS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION]. Georgian Med News 2020:75-79. [PMID: 32141854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The article presents the results of a multicenter study of the etiology, antibiotic sensitivity and pharmacoepidemiology of infective endocarditis in the Russian Federation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current practice of management of patients with infective endocarditis in conditions of low frequency of etiologically significant pathogens in the Russian Federation. The study included patients of both sexes of all age groups with definite and probable infective endocarditis. 406 cases of infectious endocarditis (240 in retrospect and 166 in the prospective part) were analyzed. Etiologically significant pathogen was isolated in 144 cases (35.5%). The structure of pathogens was dominated by gram (+) cocci (90.3%), most often - Staphylococcus aureus (46.5% of all isolated pathogens). Aminoglycosides (22.8%), parenteral cephalosporins of the III generation (22.1%) and glycopeptides (14.5%) were most frequently used in the course of starting antimicrobial therapy. When changing the mode of antimicrobial therapy, glycopeptides (18.6%), aminoglycosides (15.3%), fluoroquinolones (11.2%) and parenteral cephalosporins of generation III (9.5%) were most often prescribed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Danilov
- 1Smolensk State Medical University, Russia
| | - S Kozlov
- 1Smolensk State Medical University, Russia
| | - L Zharkova
- 1Smolensk State Medical University, Russia
| | - V Sviridov
- 2St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russia
| | - Yu Sviridova
- 2St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russia
| | - G Bagaturiya
- 2St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russia
| | - A Evseev
- 1Smolensk State Medical University, Russia
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Melnikov I, Avtaeva Y, Kozlov S, Nozadze D, Gabbasov Z. P721Shear stress induced unfolding of von willebrand factor may be involved in the premature development of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Normally, von Willebrand factor (vWF) becomes highly reactive with platelets upon unfolding into a fibrillar conformation at critical shear rate (more than 5000 s–1), that may occur in stenotic arteries. At shear rates below critical value (1200–1300 s–1), which occur in intact coronary arteries, normally there is no conformational rearrangement of vWF. Pathologic unfolding of vWF at shear rates below critical value may increase a risk of the development of coronary thrombosis. There is little information on the role of shear stress induced conformational rearrangement of vWF in the development of myocardial infarction in young individuals.
Purpose
To investigate vWF-dependent platelet adhesion of patients with premature myocardial infarction at shear rates below critical value (1200–1300 s–1).
Methods
Using a microfluidic system, we measured platelet adhesion to a fibrinogen-coated optical surface at shear rates of 1200–1300 s–1 during 10 minutes. We assessed platelet-rich plasma of 8 male persons 40–52 years old, who had previous myocardial infarction at the age of 34–39. The control group comprised 6 healthy male volunteers 30–55 years old. We compared the intensity of scattered laser light measured in volts (V) at 10th minute. To study vWF-dependent platelet adhesion, we blocked GPIb receptor with monoclonal antibody to inhibit platelet interaction with vWF. To compare the intensity of vWF-dependent platelet adhesion with normally occurring adhesion to fibrinogen, we blocked GPIIb/IIIa receptor with monoclonal antibody.
Results
The inhibition of GPIb vWF-receptor decreased platelet adhesion to fibrinogen surface at shear rates of 1200–1300 s–1 by 17.8±4.7% in healthy volunteers and by 92±2.8% in persons with premature myocardial infarction (p<0.05). Inhibition of GPIIb/IIIa receptor decreased platelet adhesion by 91.5±3.8% in healthy volunteers and by 97.3±3.2% in persons with premature myocardial infarction.
Conclusion
Pathologic unfolding of vWF at shear rates below critical value may be involved in the development of premature myocardial infarction.
Acknowledgement/Funding
This work was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project #16-15-10098)
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Affiliation(s)
- I Melnikov
- Cardiology Research and Production Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Y Avtaeva
- Cardiology Research and Production Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S Kozlov
- Cardiology Research and Production Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - D Nozadze
- Cardiology Research and Production Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Z Gabbasov
- Cardiology Research and Production Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Hendricks AD, Howell J, Schmieley R, Kozlov S, Simon A, Coutermarsh-Ott SL, Vlaisavljevich E, Allen IC. Histotripsy initiates local and systemic immunological response and reduces tumor burden in breast cancer. The Journal of Immunology 2019. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.194.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Histotripsy is an emerging, non-invasive, and non-thermal tumor ablation method that has been shown to ablate tissues with millimeter precision guided by real-time ultrasound imaging feedback. Histotripsy ablates tissues by focusing high pressure ultrasound pulses to create cavitation, liquefying tissue. By utilizing this mechanism, preliminary data has suggested that Histotripsy could be used to both ablate a primary tumor and to stimulate the immune system to treat metastatic disease. However, there has not been work done to date on investigating the interactions of the immune system with Histotripsy. For the current work, we hypothesized Histotripsy treatment of a 4T1 tumor in a murine model would stimulate local and systemic immune system responses with an improvement on disease burden. Here, we show that Histotripsy was able to reduce the size of the treated tumor, number of metastases, and change the cytokine profiles. Treated tumors had an average of 15% reduction in volume in 24hrs following treatment and showed increases in necrosis and innate immune cell infiltration. Analysis of early response revealed increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, correlating with increased anti-tumor microenvironments. At a long term follow up, Histotripsy decreased disease burden through primary tumor size and metastasis number. These results demonstrate Histotripsy can stimulate an immunological effect with the increased anti-tumor microenvironment in the treated area one day after treatment, and overall disease morbidity in the long term. Histotripsy has promise as an immunomodulating tumor ablation method for breast cancer, and, once established, has the potential to be utilized in different tumor types as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Danielle Hendricks
- 1Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine
- 3Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech
| | - Justin Howell
- 3Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech
| | | | - Shawn Kozlov
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine
- 4Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Alex Simon
- 3Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech
| | - Sheryl L Coutermarsh-Ott
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine
| | | | - Irving C Allen
- 2Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine
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Kozlovskii S, Sintsova O, Kasheverov I, Korolkova Y, Mosharova I, Koshelev S, Yurchenko E, Kozlov S, Leychenko E. Venom of jellyfish Gonionemus Vertens contains components against various types of cellular receptors. Toxicon 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.11.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Melnikov I, Chumachenko P, Kozlov S, Majorova A, Saburova O, Portnaya T, Osidak M, Domogatsky S, Buryachkovskaya L, Gabbasov Z. Monomeric C-reactive protein and local inflammatory response in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of mortality in the United States. There are numerous approaches to treating these diseases, but regardless of the approach, an in vivo model is needed to test each treatment. The pig is one of the most used large animal models for cardiovascular disease. Its heart is very similar in anatomy and function to that of a human. The ameroid placement technique creates an ischemic area of the heart, which has many useful applications in studying myocardial infarction. This model has been used for surgical research, pharmaceutical studies, imaging techniques, and cell therapies. There are several ways of inducing an ischemic area in the heart. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, but the placement of an ameroid constrictor remains the most widely used technique. The main advantages to using the ameroid are its prevalence in existing research, its availability in various sizes to accommodate the anatomy and size of the vessel to be constricted, the surgery is a relatively simple procedure, and the post-operative monitoring is minimal, since there are no external devices to maintain. This paper provides a detailed overview of the proper technique for the placement of the ameroid constrictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Keeran
- Animal Surgery and Resources Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Kenneth R Jeffries
- Animal Surgery and Resources Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Arthur D Zetts
- Animal Surgery and Resources Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Joni Taylor
- Animal Surgery and Resources Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Shawn Kozlov
- Animal Surgery and Resources Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | - Timothy J Hunt
- Animal Surgery and Resources Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health;
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Gabbasov Z, Kozlov S, Melnikov I, Byazrova S, Saburova O. Blood level of CD45+ platelets and development of restenosis after drug-eluting stent implantation in patients with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Kozlov S, Gabbasov Z, Byazrova S, Saburova O, Masenko V. Serum levels of soluble receptor for advanced end products are associated with restenosis occurrence in patients with diabetes mellitus after drug-eluting stent implantation. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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van der Pals J, Hammer-Hansen S, Nielles-Vallespin S, Kellman P, Taylor J, Kozlov S, Hsu LY, Chen MY, Arai AE. Temporal and spatial characteristics of the area at risk investigated using computed tomography and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015. [PMCID: PMC4328375 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-17-s1-p154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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18
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Kozlov S, Khamchieva L, Balakhonova T. Effect of statin therapy on the progression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Byazrova S, Kozlov S, Gabbasov Z, Kukharchuk V, Masenko V. Serum levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products are associated with restenosis after drug-eluting stent implantation for stable angina pectoris. Atherosclerosis 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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van der Pals J, Hammer-Hansen S, Nielles-Vallespin S, Kellman P, Taylor J, Kozlov S, Hsu LY, Chen MY, Arai AE. Temporal and spatial characteristics of the area at risk investigated using computed tomography and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 16:1232-40. [PMID: 25881901 PMCID: PMC4609161 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can measure the myocardial area at risk (AAR), but the technique has received criticism for inadequate validation. CMR commonly depicts an AAR that is wider than the infarct, which in turn would require a lateral perfusion gradient within the AAR. We investigated the presence of a lateral perfusion gradient within the AAR and validated CMR measures of AAR against three independent reference standards of high quality. Methods and results Computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging, microsphere blood flow analysis, T1-weighted 3T CMR and fluorescent microparticle pathology were used to investigate the AAR in a canine model (n = 10) of ischaemia and reperfusion. AAR size by CMR correlated well with CT (R2 = 0.80), microsphere blood flow (R2 = 0.80), and pathology (R2 = 0.74) with good limits of agreement [−0.79 ± 4.02% of the left ventricular mass (LVM) vs. CT; −1.49 ± 4.04% LVM vs. blood flow and −1.01 ± 4.18% LVM vs. pathology]. The lateral portion of the AAR had higher perfusion than the core of the AAR by CT perfusion imaging (40.7 ± 11.8 vs. 25.2 ± 17.7 Hounsfield units, P = 0.0008) and microsphere blood flow (0.11 ± 0.04 vs. 0.05 ± 0.02 mL/g/min, lateral vs. core, P = 0.001). The transmural extent of MI was lower in the lateral portion of the AAR than the core (28.2 ± 10.2 vs. 17.4 ± 8.4% of the wall, P = 0.001). Conclusion T1-weighted CMR accurately quantifies size of the AAR with excellent agreement compared with three independent reference standards. A lateral perfusion gradient results in lower transmural extent of infarction at the edges of the AAR compared with the core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper van der Pals
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
| | - Sophia Hammer-Hansen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
| | - Sonia Nielles-Vallespin
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
| | - Peter Kellman
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
| | - Joni Taylor
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
| | - Shawn Kozlov
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
| | - Li-Yueh Hsu
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
| | - Andrew E Arai
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, Room B1D416, MSC 1061, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1061, USA
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Kozlov S. Comments on the dilemma in the February issue: ‘Violent vet’. IN PRACTICE 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/inp.d974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Gabbasov Z, Kozlov S, Saburova O, Imaeva A, Vasilieva O, Domogatsky S, Kucharchuk V. MS139 IN-STENT RESTENOSIS IS ACCOMPANIED BY ELEVATION OF CIRCULATING EOSINOPHILS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fang ZM, Tse RV, Marjoniemi VM, Kozlov S, Lavin MF, Chen H, Kearsley JH, Graham PH, Clarke RA. Radioresistant malignant myoepithelioma of the breast with high level of ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2009; 53:234-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-9485.2009.02053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Makhovskaya OV, Kozlov S, Botos I, Stepnov AA, Andrianova AG, Gushchina AE, Wlodawer A, Mel’nikov EE, Rotanova TV. Forms of LonB protease from Archaeoglobus fulgidus devoid of the transmembrane domain: The contribution of the quaternary structure to the regulation of enzyme proteolytic activity. Russ J Bioorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162007060131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Makhovskaia OV, Kozlov S, Botos I, Stepnov AA, Andrianova AG, Gushchina AE, Vlodaver A, Mel'nikov EE, Rotanova TV. [Forms of LonB protease from Archaeoglobus fulgidus devoid of the transmembrane domain: the contribution of the quaternary structure to the regulation of enzyme proteolytic activity]. Bioorg Khim 2007; 33:657-660. [PMID: 18173131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Deletion of the transmembrane domain (TM-domain) of Archaeoglobus flggidus LonB protease (AfLon) was shown to result in uncontrollable activation of the enzyme proteolytic site and in vivo autolysis yielding a stable and functionally inactive fragment consisting of both alpha-helical and proteolytic domains (alphaP). The deltaTM-AfLonTM-S590A enzyme form, obtained by site-directed mutagenesis of the catalytic Ser residue, is capable of recombination with the alphaP fragment. The mixed oligomers were shown to be proteolytically active, which indicates a crucial role of subunit interactions in the activation of the AfLon proteolytic site. The thermophilic nature of AfLon protease was found to be due to the special features of the enzyme activity regulation, the structure of ATPase domain, and the quaternary structure.
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Horvath KA, Guttman M, Li M, Lederman RJ, Mazilu D, Kocaturk O, Karmarkar PV, Hunt T, Kozlov S, McVeigh ER. Beating Heart Aortic Valve Replacement Using Real-Time MRI Guidance. Innovations 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/155698450700200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith A. Horvath
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael Guttman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ming Li
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert J. Lederman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dumitru Mazilu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ozgur Kocaturk
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Parag V. Karmarkar
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Timothy Hunt
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shawn Kozlov
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elliot R. McVeigh
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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McVeigh ER, Guttman MA, Lederman RJ, Li M, Kocaturk O, Hunt T, Kozlov S, Horvath KA. Real-time interactive MRI-guided cardiac surgery: aortic valve replacement using a direct apical approach. Magn Reson Med 2007; 56:958-64. [PMID: 17036300 PMCID: PMC1963465 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery requires arresting and emptying of the heart, which compromises visualization of the surgical field. In this feasibility study a novel surgical procedure is demonstrated in which real-time MRI is used to guide the placement of a prosthetic aortic valve in the beating heart via direct apical access in eight porcine hearts. A clinical stentless bioprosthetic valve affixed to a platinum stent was compressed onto a balloon-tipped catheter. This was fed through a 15-18-mm delivery port inserted into the left ventricular (LV) apex via a minimally invasive subxyphoid incision. Using interactive real-time MRI, the surgeon implanted the prosthetic valve in the correct location at the aortic annulus within 90 s. In four of the animals immediately after implantation, ventricular function, blood flow through the valve, and myocardial perfusion were evaluated with MRI. MRI-guided beating-heart surgery may provide patients with a less morbid and more durable solution to structural heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot R McVeigh
- Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1061, USA.
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Zhou Y, Zahiri H, Yu Z, Hunter T, Kozlov S, Horvath KA. Isolation, culture and characterization of porcine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Vascul Pharmacol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2006.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Pletnev S, Kozlov S, Wlodawer A. Structural studies of hyperthermophilic enzymes from Pyrococcus horikoshii. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305089075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Naumov G, Kozlov S, Lyakishev A. W16-P-057 Influence of extended-release fluvastatin on serum lipid level changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and combined hyperlipidaemia. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(05)80453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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De Sandre-Giovannoli A, Chaouch M, Kozlov S, Vallat JM, Tazir M, Kassouri N, Szepetowski P, Hammadouche T, Vandenberghe A, Stewart CL, Grid D, Levy N. Homozygous Defects In Lmna, Encoding Lamin A/C Nuclear-Envelope Proteins, Cause Autosomal Recessive Axonal Neuropathy In Human (Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disorder Type 2) And Mouse. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2002. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8027.2002.02026_2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Three insecticidal polypeptide toxins (F5.5, F5.6, F5.7) with molecular masses 4973, 4993 and 5159Da were isolated from the venom of the central Asian spider Segestria florentina. These toxins caused the complete flaccid paralysis of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae (LD(50) 4-10 microg/g), whereas they were inactive upon intravenous injections into mice. On the basis of N-terminal amino acid sequences a family of eight genes encoding highly homologues polypeptides (SFI1-SFI8) was revealed, some of which encode polypeptides actually demonstrated to be present in S. florentina venom. All deduced polypeptides consist of 46 amino acids residues. Comparison of primary structures of SFI1-SFI8 with other spider toxins suggests that this family might share structural and functional relationships with other small spider neurotoxins, several of which are known to be highly selective agonists/antagonists of different voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lipkin
- Laboratory of Neuroreceptors and Neuroregulators, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
TAG-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules thought to play important roles in neuronal differentiation and the establishment of connectivity during brain development. Because these are processes also affected by hypothyroidism, we studied the effects of thyroid hormone deprivation and administration on TAG-1 expression in the developing rat brain. By in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting we found that TAG-1 RNA and protein levels are upregulated in the hypothyroid brain. From embryonic day 20 to postnatal day (P) 15, elevated TAG-1 RNA was found in several areas including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and olfactory bulb. In agreement with this, TAG-1 protein was overexpressed in the major fibre tracts arising from these structures, including the corpus callosum, anterior and hippocampal commissures and lateral olfactory tract. A similar overexpression of TAG-1 by hypothyroidism was detected in the cerebellum, but starting only at P15. In all cases, elevation of TAG-1 RNA and protein expression could be reversed by thyroid hormone treatment. These results show that the deregulation of TAG-1 might contribute to the alterations caused by the lack of thyroid hormone during brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alvarez-Dolado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Lee S, Kozlov S, Hernandez L, Chamberlain SJ, Brannan CI, Stewart CL, Wevrick R. Expression and imprinting of MAGEL2 suggest a role in Prader-willi syndrome and the homologous murine imprinting phenotype. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:1813-9. [PMID: 10915770 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.12.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is caused by the loss of expression of imprinted genes in chromosome 15q11-q13. Affected individuals exhibit neonatal hypotonia, developmental delay and childhood-onset obesity. Necdin, a protein implicated in the terminal differentiation of neurons, is the only PWS candidate gene to reduce viability when disrupted in a mouse model. In this study, we have characterized MAGEL2 (also known as NDNL1), a gene with 51% amino acid sequence similarity to necdin and located 41 kb distal to NDN in the PWS deletion region. MAGEL2 is expressed predominantly in brain, the primary tissue affected in PWS and in several fetal tissues as shown by northern blot analysis. MAGEL2 is imprinted with monoallelic expression in control brain, and paternal-only expression in the central nervous system as demonstrated by its lack of expression in brain from a PWS-affected individual. The orthologous mouse gene (Magel2) is located within 150 kb of NDN:, is imprinted with paternal-only expression and is expressed predominantly in late developmental stages and adult brain as shown by northern blotting, RT-PCR and whole-mount RNA in situ hybridization. Magel2 distribution partially overlaps that of NDN:, with strong expression being detected in the central nervous system in mid-gestation mouse embryos by in situ hybridization. We hypothesize that, although loss of necdin expression may be important in the neonatal presentation of PWS, loss of MAGEL2 may be critical to abnormalities in brain development and dysmorphic features in individuals with PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, 842 Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Sankova A, Kozlov S, Gabbasov Z, Tvorogova M, Lyakishev A, Naumov V. Hormone replacement therapy and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(00)81022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kozlov S, Sarano N, Tvorogova M, Lyakishev A, Naumov V. Fluvastatin and fenofibrate in patients with isolated hypercholesterolaemia and mixed hyperlipidaemia and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(00)80075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Piras G, El Kharroubi A, Kozlov S, Escalante-Alcalde D, Hernandez L, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Stewart CL. Zac1 (Lot1), a potential tumor suppressor gene, and the gene for epsilon-sarcoglycan are maternally imprinted genes: identification by a subtractive screen of novel uniparental fibroblast lines. Mol Cell Biol 2000; 20:3308-15. [PMID: 10757814 PMCID: PMC85624 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.20.9.3308-3315.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Imprinted genes are expressed from one allele according to their parent of origin, and many are essential to mammalian embryogenesis. Here we show that the epsilon-sarcoglycan gene (Sgce) and Zac1 (Lot1) are both paternally expressed imprinted genes. They were identified in a subtractive screen for imprinted genes using a cDNA library made from novel parthenogenetic and wild-type fibroblast lines. Sgce is a component of the dystrophin-sarcoglycan complex, Zac1 is a nuclear protein inducing growth arrest and/or apoptosis, and Zac1 is a potential tumor suppressor gene. Sgce and Zac1 are expressed predominantly from their paternal alleles in all adult mouse tissues, except that Zac1 is biallelic in the liver and Sgce is weakly expressed from the maternal allele in the brain. Sgce and Zac1 are broadly expressed in embryos, with Zac1 being highly expressed in the liver primordium, the umbilical region, and the neural tube. Sgce, however, is strongly expressed in the allantoic region on day 9.5 but becomes more widely expressed throughout the embryo by day 11.5. Sgce is located at the proximal end of mouse chromosome 6 and is a candidate gene for embryonic lethality associated with uniparental maternal inheritance of this region. Zac1 maps to the proximal region of chromosome 10, identifying a new imprinted locus in the mouse, homologous with human chromosome 6q24-q25. In humans, unipaternal disomy for this region is associated with fetal growth retardation and transient neonatal diabetes mellitus. In addition, loss of expression of ZAC has been described for a number of breast and ovarian carcinomas, suggesting that ZAC is a potential tumor suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Piras
- Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory, ABL-Basic Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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Gatei M, Young D, Cerosaletti KM, Desai-Mehta A, Spring K, Kozlov S, Lavin MF, Gatti RA, Concannon P, Khanna K. ATM-dependent phosphorylation of nibrin in response to radiation exposure. Nat Genet 2000; 25:115-9. [PMID: 10802669 DOI: 10.1038/75508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene ATM are responsible for the genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), which is characterized by cerebellar dysfunction, radiosensitivity, chromosomal instability and cancer predisposition. Both the A-T phenotype and the similarity of the ATM protein to other DNA-damage sensors suggests a role for ATM in biochemical pathways involved in the recognition, signalling and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). There are strong parallels between the pattern of radiosensitivity, chromosomal instability and cancer predisposition in A-T patients and that in patients with Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS). The protein defective in NBS, nibrin (encoded by NBS1), forms a complex with MRE11 and RAD50 (refs 1,2). This complex localizes to DSBs within 30 minutes after cellular exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) and is observed in brightly staining nuclear foci after a longer period of time. The overlap between clinical and cellular phenotypes in A-T and NBS suggests that ATM and nibrin may function in the same biochemical pathway. Here we demonstrate that nibrin is phosphorylated within one hour of treatment of cells with IR. This response is abrogated in A-T cells that either do not express ATM protein or express near full-length mutant protein. We also show that ATM physically interacts with and phosphorylates nibrin on serine 343 both in vivo and in vitro. Phosphorylation of this site appears to be functionally important because mutated nibrin (S343A) does not completely complement radiosensitivity in NBS cells. ATM phosphorylation of nibrin does not affect nibrin-MRE11-RAD50 association as revealed by radiation-induced foci formation. Our data provide a biochemical explanation for the similarity in phenotype between A-T and NBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gatei
- The Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Kozlov S, Lipkin A, Nosyreva E, Blake A, Windass JD, Grishin E. Purification and cDNA cloning of an insecticidal protein from the venom of the scorpion Orthochirus scrobiculosus. Toxicon 2000; 38:361-71. [PMID: 10669025 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(99)00164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Injection of crude venom from the scorpion Orthochirus scrobiculosus into larvae of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caused trembling and uncoordinated movement before development of a progressive and prolonged flaccid paralysis. The isolation of the toxin (OsI-1) responsible for this effect of O. scrobiclosus venom is described. The molecular mass of OsI-1 toxin was 6994 Da, as determined by desorption mass spectroscopy. The complete primary structure of OsI-1 was deduced from the sequence of cDNA clones obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of OsI-1 with those of other insecticidal scorpion toxins indicates that it is a sodium (Na+) channel active depressant insect-selective toxin. The analysis of amino acid sequence of the toxin in conjunction with mass spectroscopy data indicates post-translational modification in maturation with the removal of 3 C-terminal amino acids and amidation of the C-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kozlov
- Laboratory of Neuroreceptors & Neuroregulators, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Bhattacharya
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - R. V. Kohn
- Courant Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | - S. Kozlov
- Department of Mathematics, University of Marseille, Marseille, France
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Khanna KK, Keating KE, Kozlov S, Scott S, Gatei M, Hobson K, Taya Y, Gabrielli B, Chan D, Lees-Miller SP, Lavin MF. ATM associates with and phosphorylates p53: mapping the region of interaction. Nat Genet 1998; 20:398-400. [PMID: 9843217 DOI: 10.1038/3882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The human genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is characterized by immunodeficiency, progressive cerebellar ataxia, radiosensitivity, cell cycle checkpoint defects and cancer predisposition. The gene mutated in this syndrome, ATM (for AT mutated), encodes a protein containing a phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI-3 kinase)-like domain. ATM also contains a proline-rich region and a leucine zipper, both of which implicate this protein in signal transduction. The proline-rich region has been shown to bind to the SH3 domain of c-Abl, which facilitates its phosphorylation and activation by ATM. Previous results have demonstrated that AT cells are defective in the G1/S checkpoint activated after radiation damage and that this defect is attributable to a defective p53 signal transduction pathway. We report here direct interaction between ATM and p53 involving two regions in ATM, one at the amino terminus and the other at the carboxy terminus, corresponding to the PI-3 kinase domain. Recombinant ATM protein phosphorylates p53 on serine 15 near the N terminus. Furthermore, ectopic expression of ATM in AT cells restores normal ionizing radiation (IR)-induced phosphorylation of p53, whereas expression of ATM antisense RNA in control cells abrogates the rapid IR-induced phosphorylation of p53 on serine 15. These results demonstrate that ATM can bind p53 directly and is responsible for its serine 15 phosphorylation, thereby contributing to the activation and stabilization of p53 during the IR-induced DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Khanna
- The Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia.
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Sussekov A, Tvorogova M, Surkova E, Antsiferov M, Kozlov S, Titov V, Kukharchuk V, Arabidze G. 4.P.102 Fluvastatin in the treatment of NIDDM patients with hyperlipidaemia. Atherosclerosis 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(97)89628-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ramsay J, Birrell G, Kozlov S, Pyke C, Lavin M. 0-21. Screening for mutations in ataxia-telangiectasia gene in breast cancer patients. Breast 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(97)90602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Zhang N, Chen P, Khanna KK, Scott S, Gatei M, Kozlov S, Watters D, Spring K, Yen T, Lavin MF. Isolation of full-length ATM cDNA and correction of the ataxia-telangiectasia cellular phenotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:8021-6. [PMID: 9223307 PMCID: PMC21549 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.15.8021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A gene mutated in the human genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), ATM, was recently identified by positional cloning. ATM is a member of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase superfamily, some of which are protein kinases and appear to have important roles in cell cycle control and radiation signal transduction. We describe herein, to our knowledge, for the first time, the cloning of a full-length cDNA for ATM and correction of multiple aspects of the radio-sensitive phenotype of A-T cells by transfection with this cDNA. Overexpression of ATM cDNA in A-T cells enhanced the survival of these cells in response to radiation exposure, decreased radiation-induced chromosome aberrations, reduced radio-resistant DNA synthesis, and partially corrected defective cell cycle checkpoints and induction of stress-activated protein kinase. This correction of the defects in A-T cells provides further evidence of the multiplicity of effector functions of the ATM protein and suggests possible approaches to gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhang
- The Queensland Institute of Medical Research, The Bancroft Centre, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
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Shafman T, Khanna KK, Kedar P, Spring K, Kozlov S, Yen T, Hobson K, Gatei M, Zhang N, Watters D, Egerton M, Shiloh Y, Kharbanda S, Kufe D, Lavin MF. Interaction between ATM protein and c-Abl in response to DNA damage. Nature 1997; 387:520-3. [PMID: 9168117 DOI: 10.1038/387520a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The gene mutated in the autosomal recessive disorder ataxia telangiectasia (AT), designated ATM (for 'AT mutated'), is a member of a family of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-like enzymes that are involved in cell-cycle control, meiotic recombination, telomere length monitoring and DNA-damage response. Previous results have demonstrated that AT cells are hypersensitive to ionizing radiation and are defective at the G1/S checkpoint after radiation damage. Because cells lacking the protein tyrosine kinase c-Abl are also defective in radiation-induced G1 arrest, we investigated the possibility that ATM might interact with c-Abl in response to radiation damage. Here we show that ATM binds c-Abl constitutively in control cells but not in AT cells. Our results demonstrate that the SH3 domain of c-Abl interacts with a DPAPNPPHFP motif (residues 1,373-1,382) of ATM. The results also reveal that radiation-induction of c-Abl tyrosine kinase activity is diminished in AT cells. These findings indicate that ATM is involved in the activation of c-Abl by DNA damage and this interaction may in part mediate radiation-induced G1 arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shafman
- Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, Dana Farber Cancer Institutes, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Watters D, Khanna KK, Beamish H, Birrell G, Spring K, Kedar P, Gatei M, Stenzel D, Hobson K, Kozlov S, Zhang N, Farrell A, Ramsay J, Gatti R, Lavin M. Cellular localisation of the ataxia-telangiectasia (ATM) gene product and discrimination between mutated and normal forms. Oncogene 1997; 14:1911-21. [PMID: 9150358 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1201037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The recently cloned gene (ATM) mutated in the human genetic disorder ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is involved in DNA damage response at different cell cycle checkpoints and also appears to have a wider role in signal transduction. Antibodies prepared against peptides from the predicted protein sequence detected a approximately 350 kDa protein corresponding to the open reading frame, which was absent in 13/23 A-T homozygotes. Subcellular fractionation, immunoelectronmicroscopy and immunofluorescence showed that the ATM protein is present in the nucleus and cytoplasmic vesicles. This distribution did not change after irradiation. We also provide evidence that ATM protein binds to p53 and this association is defective in A-T cells compatible with the defective p53 response in these cells. These results provide further support for a role for the ATM protein as a sensor of DNA damage and in a more general role in cell signalling, compatible with the broader phenotype of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Watters
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Australia
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