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Zhang H, Chen CZ, Lin SY, Xu HH, Xue DC, He ZG, Chen MY, Liu M. [HIV/AIDS surveillance in men who have sex with men aged 15-24 based on internet in Fuzhou,2016-2021]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2022; 43:1761-1767. [PMID: 36444459 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220430-00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze HIV/AIDS surveillance data in men who have sex with men (MSM) aged from 15 to 24 years in Fuzhou and understand the HIV infection status in MSM and related factors. Methods: From 2016 to 2021, MSM aged 15-24 years who had oral or anal sex with men in the past 6 months were recruited through internet, and their demographic and behavioral characteristics, HIV antibody positive rate and risk factors were analyzed. Results: From 2016 to 2021, a total of 4 234 MSM aged 15-24 years were surveyed. The proportion of MSM from other provinces increased from 13.00% (85/654) to 23.42% (163/696) (trend χ2=60.23, P<0.001); and the proportion of MSM seeking male partners through internet increased from 93.27% (610/654) to 99.71% (694/696) (trend χ2=65.20, P<0.001); In the last anal sex in the past 6 months, the proportion of MSM using condom decreased from 88.16% (484/549) to 74.11% (415/560) (trend χ2=32.32, P<0.001); and in the past 6 months, the proportion of MSM using condom at each anal sex decreased from 65.76% (361/549) to 55.54% (311/560) (trend χ2 =6.82, P<0.001); The proportion of MSM with HIV antibody testing increased from 5.66% (37/654) to 25.29% (176/696) (trend χ2=98.51, P<0.001). The cumulative HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM was 3.64% (154/4 234), and there was no significant difference in annual HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM (trend χ2=0.50, P=0.453). The HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM with education level of junior high school or below and the MSM living in Fuzhou for 1-2 years showed an upward trend (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for HIV infection in the MSM with education level of high school or technical secondary school was 0.54 times higher than that in those with education level of junior high school or below (95%CI: 0.30-0.99), and the risk for HIV infection in the MSM with education level of junior college or below was 0.29 times higher than that in those with education level of junior high school or below (95%CI: 0.17-0.51). The risk for HIV infection in the MSM who lived in Fuzhou for 1-2 years was 0.35 times higher than that in those who lived in Fuzhou for less than 1 year (95%CI: 0.16-0.74), the risk for HIV infection in the MSM who lived in Fuzhou for more than two years was 0.58 times higher than that in those who lived in Fuzhou for less than 1 year (95%CI: 0.37-0.91). The number of MSM using condoms at each anal sex was 0.18 times higher than that in the those never using condoms (95%CI: 0.08-0.42), and the number of the MSM who didn't suffered from sexually transmitted diseases was 0.25 times higher than that in those who suffered from sexually transmitted diseases (95%CI: 0.13-0.50). Conclusions: The MSM aged 15-24 years in Fuzhou have higher risk for HIV infection, and internet based intervention should be strengthened in adolescent MSM without permanent residence and with low education level.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Fuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350004, China School of Public Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - C Z Chen
- Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Fuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Fuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - H H Xu
- Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Fuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - D C Xue
- Fujian Volunteers Association of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Z G He
- Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Fuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - M Y Chen
- Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Fuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Fuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350004, China
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Zhang WH, Liu XJ, Zhao LY, Lin SY, Teng L, Dai JZ, Shao HX, Zou HC. [The impact of the dosage of intraoperative opioids on postoperative survival outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:3121-3126. [PMID: 36274596 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220513-01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of the dosage of intraoperative opioids on postoperative survival of pancreatic cancer patients who underwent pancreatectomy. Methods: The clinical data of 95 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent pancreatectomy at Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from September 2013 to August 2018 were retrospectively collected. Dosage of intraoperative opioid medications was converted to fentanyl equivalent dose. Patients were divided into high-dose group (fentanyl consumption ≥2.21 mg, n=46) and low-dose group (fentanyl consumption<2.21 mg, n=49) according to the median intra-operative fentanyl equivalents. The relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) between the two groups were compared. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the impact of important covariates on RFS and OS. Results: RFS of patients in low-dose group at 1, 3 and 5 years was 75.5%, 26.5% and 15.2% respectively. OS of patients in low-dose group at 1, 3 and 5 years was 77.6%, 32.5% and 24.4% respectively. RFS of patients in high-dose group at 1, 3 and 5 years was 76.1%, 23.9% and 12.0% respectively. OS of patients in high-dose group at 1, 3 and 5 years was 76.1%, 37.0% and 15.0%. There was no significant difference in RFS and OS between the two groups (all P>0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that dosage of intraoperative fentanyl was not associated with RFS (HR=1.205, 95%CI: 0.737-1.970, P=0.456) or OS (HR=1.062, 95%CI: 0.634-1.778, P=0.818). Conclusion: Dosage of intraoperative opioid has no effect on RFS and OS in pancreatic cancer patients undergoing pancreatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - X J Liu
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - L Y Zhao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - L Teng
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - J Z Dai
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - H X Shao
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - H C Zou
- Department of Pain Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
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Sun Y, Yang TT, Huang TH, Su YC, Lan CCE, Lin SY. Secondary syphilis resembling lymphoma-like nodules in a 59-year-old woman. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e1027-e1029. [PMID: 35866522 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T-T Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T H Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Su
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-C E Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Wang ZJ, Han YQ, Li Q, Mo HN, Li YQ, Guan XW, Chen YM, Lin SY, Xu BH, Li Q, Zhang P, Ma F. [A real world study on the relationship between drug resistance of targeted therapy and prognosis of HER-2-positive advanced breast cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2022; 44:360-363. [PMID: 35448925 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200409-00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of primary and acquired resistance to anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) on the overall survival of patients with HER-2 positive advanced breast cancer. Methods: The clinical characteristics of HER-2 positive patients with advanced breast cancer admitted to Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 1998 to December 2018 were collected, and their neoadjuvant/adjuvant and advanced three-line chemotherapy were summarized. Among them, targeted drugs for HER-2 included trastuzumab, pertuzumab, T-DM1, RC48-ADC, lapatinib, pyrotinib, allitinib, sipatinib, seratinib. Based on the duration of benefit from anti HER-2 treatment, the patients were divided into two groups: primary anti HER-2 resistance group and acquired anti HER-2 resistance group. In this study, the overall survival (OS) was used as the main end point. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional risk regression model were used to analyze the effects of different drug resistance mechanisms on the overall survival. Results: The whole group of 284 patients were included. The median age of recurrence and metastasis was 48 years old, 155 (54.6%) were hormone receptor (HR) positive and 129 (45.4%) were HR negative, 128 cases (45.1%) were premenopausal and 156 cases (54.9%) were postmenopausal, 277 cases (97.5%) had a score of 0-1 in ECoG PS and 7 cases (2.5%) had a score of more than 2 in the first diagnosis of relapse and metastasis. There were 103 cases (36.3%) in the primary drug resistance group and 181 cases (63.7%) in the secondary drug resistance group. The median overall survival time of the two groups was 24.9 months and 40.4 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P<0.001). Conclusion: Primary resistance to HER-2 is one of the factors of poor prognosis in HER-2 positive breast cancer, and its mechanism needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y Q Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - H N Mo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y Q Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X W Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Y M Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - B H Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - P Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - F Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Li E, Zou XL, Xu LQ, Chu YQ, Feng X, Lian H, Liu HQ, Liu AD, Han MK, Dong JQ, Wang HH, Liu JW, Zang Q, Wang SX, Zhou TF, Huang YH, Hu LQ, Zhou C, Qu HX, Chen Y, Lin SY, Zhang B, Qian JP, Hu JS, Xu GS, Chen JL, Lu K, Liu FK, Song YT, Li JG, Gong XZ. Experimental Evidence of Intrinsic Current Generation by Turbulence in Stationary Tokamak Plasmas. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:085003. [PMID: 35275672 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.085003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-β_{θe} (a ratio of the electron thermal pressure to the poloidal magnetic pressure) steady-state long-pulse plasmas with steep central electron temperature gradient are achieved in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. An intrinsic current is observed to be modulated by turbulence driven by the electron temperature gradient. This turbulent current is generated in the countercurrent direction and can reach a maximum ratio of 25% of the bootstrap current. Gyrokinetic simulations and experimental observations indicate that the turbulence is the electron temperature gradient mode (ETG). The dominant mechanism for the turbulent current generation is due to the divergence of ETG-driven residual flux of current. Good agreement has been found between experiments and theory for the critical value of the electron temperature gradient triggering ETG and for the level of the turbulent current. The maximum values of turbulent current and electron temperature gradient lead to the destabilization of an m/n=1/1 kink mode, which by counteraction reduces the turbulence level (m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode number, respectively). These observations suggest that the self-regulation system including turbulence, turbulent current, and kink mode is a contributing mechanism for sustaining the steady-state long-pulse high-β_{θe} regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erzhong Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Zou
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - L Q Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Q Chu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - X Feng
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - H Lian
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H Q Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - A D Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - M K Han
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - J Q Dong
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 432, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - H H Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J W Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Zang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - S X Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - T F Zhou
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Huang
- Advanced Energy Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - C Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - H X Qu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - B Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J P Qian
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J S Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - G S Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J L Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - K Lu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - F K Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Y T Song
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - J G Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - X Z Gong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
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Hu HY, Cheng FS, Yen YF, Lin SY, Weng SH, Chou YC, Chu DC, Chen CC. Mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national survey in Taiwan. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The use of masks is an effective measure to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection; however, mask reuse is not recommended. Studies examining the factors associated with mask reuse during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic are limited. This nationwide survey aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with mask reuse among Taiwanese citizens during the pandemic.
Methods
From May 18 through May 31, 2020, a computer-assisted telephone interview system was used to randomly select Taiwanese citizens who were interviewed for COVID-19 preventive behaviors and knowledge on the usage of masks. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyze the rate of mask reuse among participants before and during the pandemic.
Results
For a total of 1,075 participants, the overall mean age was 57.4 years, and 82.2% of participants reported mask reuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. After controlling for other covariates, participants who had a greater knowledge on mask usage or had a high supply of masks were less likely to reuse masks during the pandemic. GEE analysis showed that compared with the participants' mask wearing behaviors before the COVID-19 pandemic, they were more likely to reuse masks during the pandemic.
Conclusions
The rate of mask reuse among the general population during the pandemic was significantly higher than that before the pandemic. Individuals were less likely to reuse masks if they had adequate knowledge on mask usage or had a high supply of masks. Since mask reuse is associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 due to the possibility of wearing SAS-CoV-2-contaminated masks, it is imperative to educate people on the correct usage of masks. Further, the government should provide sufficient masks to the general population to decrease the reuse of masks.
Key messages
Mask reuse increased during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the shortage in supply. It is imperative to educate people about the correct usage of masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- HY Hu
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - FS Cheng
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - YF Yen
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - SY Lin
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - SH Weng
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - YC Chou
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - DC Chu
- Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - CC Chen
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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Mak KY, Au CH, Chan TL, Ma ESK, Chow EYD, Lin SY, Choi WWL. Next-generation sequencing panel for diagnosis and management of chronic neutrophilic leukaemia: a case report. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 25:248-250. [PMID: 31182673 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj176959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Y Mak
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - C H Au
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - T L Chan
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - E S K Ma
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - E Y D Chow
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - W W L Choi
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
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Jiao XX, Lin SY, Lian SX, Qiu YR, Li ZH, Chen ZH, Lu WQ, Zhang Y, Deng L, Jiang Y, Hu GH. The inhibition of the breast cancer by PPARγ agonist pioglitazone through JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Neoplasma 2020; 67:834-842. [PMID: 32386478 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2020_190805n716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer, especially triple-negative breast cancer, is one of the deadliest cancers in women. To date, there is a lack of a good therapeutic regimen for it. PPARγ has been reported to be a tumor suppressor and could be activated by many agonists involved in cancer inhibition. Therefore, the expression of PPARγ in breast cancer was analyzed by online software UALCAN whose data were from the TCGA database. The results revealed that the PPARγ expression was reduced in breast cancer tissues. Furthermore, the methylation in the PPARγ promoter was also assayed and the results indicated that the methylation level in the PPARγ promoter in breast cancer tissue was higher than that in normal tissue. In order to verify the methylation in promoter involved in the regulation of gene PPARγ expression, the 5'-Aza and fluorescence assays were performed and the results proved that methylation in promoter participated in gene PPARγ expression regulation. Pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, still was not investigated in breast cancer. Therefore, the effects of pioglitazone on breast cancer cells were tested by cell viability, scratch and transwell assays, and results indicated that the pioglitazone has the inhibition effect on the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by PPARγ which was correlated with the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. In order to further confirm the inhibition effect of pioglitazone on breast cancer in vivo, the nude mice model was administrated by gavage with pioglitazone. And the results indicated that pioglitazone could inhibit the growth of breast cancer in the PPARγ overexpression group in vivo. In summary, the expression of gene PPARγ was decreased in breast cancer tissues, which was correlated with its methylation in the promoter region. Moreover, pioglitazone could exert its inhibition on breast cancer proliferation and migration by the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Jiao
- Baoshan branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Y Lin
- School of Life Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - S X Lian
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y R Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z H Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z H Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Q Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - G H Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Fan DG, Wu CL, Huang HJ, Wu L, Chen H, Cai SS, Lin N, Lin SY. [Paraganglioma of urinary bladder: a clinicopathological features analysis of 23 cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 49:311-316. [PMID: 32268666 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20190928-00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and immunohistochemical (IHC) characteristics of paraganglioma of urinary bladder (PUB). Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 23 cases of PUB were collected at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (7 cases); Fujian Provincial Hospital (8 cases); Fujian Medical University Union Hospital (6 cases); and First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (2 cases) from May 2010 to November 2018. IHC staining for CK, GATA3, CD56, Syn, CgA, S-100 protein, HMB45, SDHB, OCT3/4 and Ki-67 was done using EliVision method; and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results: There were 14 women and 9 men, aged ranged from 21 to 73 years (median 51 years). Clinically, patients presented with headache, vertigo, palpitation, hypertensive crisis during micturition, hypertension, blurred vision, gross hematuria and paroxysmal pallor. The tumor sizes ranged from 0.9 to 6 cm (mean2.5 cm). Macroscopically, most tumors were exophytic and well delineated within the lamina propria or muscularis propria. The tumors were firm and nodular and showed grayish-tan cut surface. Histologically,the tumor growth pattern was expansive or showed interpenetrating infiltrative growth within the lamina propria or muscularis propria; the tumor cells were typically arranged in distinctive nests (Zellballen) with organoid arrangement; pseudo-rosette were seen in some cases. The cells were rounded or polygonal and had rich, acidophilic or amphophilic cytoplasm and may contain pigmented granules and vacuoles; the nuclei were central or eccentric, with small nucleoli, although occasionally some nuclei were pleomorphic and hyperchromatic. Spindled sustentacular cells could be seen around the nests of tumor cells in some cases. There were abundant vessels that were fissure-like, hemangioma-like or dilated. By IHC, the tumor cells were positive for GATA3 (2/23), OCT3/4 (2/23), CD56 (22/23), Syn (23/23), CgA (22/23), S-100 (sustentacular cell, 23/23) and SDHB (23/23); and negative for CK and HMB45; Ki-67 index was 1%-5%. At follow-up, there was no recurrence or metastasis in 18 cases. Conclusions: The diagnosis of PUB relies on the morphologic and IHC features; but there may be histomorphologic heterogeneity. The most important differential diagnosis is invasive urothelial carcinoma. The tumor cells may show aberrant cytoplasmic expression of OCT3/4; there is no clear correlation between SDHB and OCT3/4 expression in the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Fan
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - C L Wu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - H J Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - L Wu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - S S Cai
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - N Lin
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
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10
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Zhou RJ, Zhong GQ, Hu LQ, Tardocchi M, Rigamonti D, Giacomelli L, Nocente M, Gorini G, Fan TS, Zhang YM, Hu ZM, Xiao M, Li K, Zhang YK, Hong B, Zhang Y, Lin SY, Zhang JZ. Development of gamma ray spectrometer with high energy and time resolutions on EAST tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:123510. [PMID: 31893803 DOI: 10.1063/1.5120843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new gamma ray spectrometer with high energy and time resolutions has been developed and installed on the EAST tokamak to study fast ion and runaway electron behaviors. The spectrometer is based on a LaBr3(Ce) scintillator detector and a fully digital data acquisition system that is based on a digitizer with digital pulse processing algorithms. The energy resolution of the spectrometer is about 3.9% at 662 keV, and the spectrometer can operate stably at a counting rate as high as 1 MHz, monitored by using a light emitting diode monitoring system. The measured gamma ray spectrum is simulated based on Geant4 and unfolded with the high-resolution boosted Gold deconvolution algorithm, aiming at reconstructing the energy distribution functions of fast ions and runaway electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Zhou
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - M Tardocchi
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano 20125, Italy
| | - D Rigamonti
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano 20125, Italy
| | - L Giacomelli
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano 20125, Italy
| | - M Nocente
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano 20125, Italy
| | - G Gorini
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano 20125, Italy
| | - T S Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y M Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z M Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - M Xiao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - K Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y K Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - B Hong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J Z Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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11
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Zeng BS, Lin SY, Tu YK, Wu YC, Stubbs B, Liang CS, Yeh TC, Chen TY, Carvalho AF, Lin PY, Lei WT, Hsu CW, Chen YW, Tseng PT, Chen CH. Prevention of Postdental Procedure Bacteremia: A Network Meta-analysis. J Dent Res 2019; 98:1204-1210. [PMID: 31469596 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519870466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Postdental procedure bacteremia is common and troublesome. The comparative efficacy of multiple prophylactic interventions is unclear. We compared the efficacy of interventions for the prevention of postdental procedure bacteremia. We conducted a review of ClinicalKey, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to December 4, 2018. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated prophylactic interventions for the prevention of postdental procedure bacteremia were eligible. The primary outcome was the incidence of postdental procedure bacteremia. A total of 24 trials were included with 2,147 participants. Our network meta-analysis demonstrated that intravenous administration of 1,000/200 mg of amoxicillin/clavulanate provided the least incidence of postdental procedure bacteremia among all the prophylactic interventions (odds ratio = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.00 to 0.63) as compared with the placebo/controls. Oral 3 g of amoxicillin had the least incidence of postdental procedure bacteremia among all oral or topical forms of prophylactic interventions (odds ratio = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.44) as compared with the placebo/controls. No serious adverse events, such as anaphylactic shock, mortality, and the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, were reported. None of the included subjects were of high risk of infectious endocarditis. Our network meta-analysis demonstrates that intravenous amoxicillin/clavulanate and oral amoxicillin might be the best prophylactic interventions in preventing postdental procedure bacteremia among all the oral/topical forms of interventions for the overall populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Dentistry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y K Tu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y C Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - B Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.,Positive Ageing Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - C S Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T C Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T Y Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Y Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - W T Lei
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - C W Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Y W Chen
- Prospect Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Neurology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - P T Tseng
- Prospect Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Neurology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,WinShine Clinics in Specialty of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - C H Chen
- Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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12
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Deng S, Xiang JJ, Ge HP, Hu ZP, Shen JP, Lin SY, Zeng YQ. The role of MIR-186 and ZNF545 in inhibiting the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:721-729. [PMID: 31165610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of tumor suppressor gene miR-186 and zinc finger protein 545 (ZNF545) on the proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. CD138 magnetic beads were used to isolate different types of myeloma cell lines (KM3, U266, RPMI-8226, and H929), which were then infected by lentivirus carrying the miR-186 gene. Using uninfected myeloma cells as the control, MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide] assay was performed to calculate the rate of cell proliferation at different time points. In addition, the correlation between the expression of Jagged 1 and miR-186 was analyzed by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Furthermore, the effect of 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine and acetylase inhibitor Trichomycin A (TSA) on the expression of ZNF545 and proliferation/apoptosis of MM cells was investigated using Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting (WB), MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] cell proliferation assay, and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Compared with the control group, the proliferation of miR-186-overexpressing U266 and RPMI-8226 cells was significantly decreased. In cell cloning experiments, miR-186 decreased the number of U266 and RPMI-8226 clones while reducing the protein expression of Jagged 1. The expression level of ZNF545 in myeloma patients was also reduced to some extent. ZNF545 protein also promoted the apoptosis of myeloma cells. By inhibiting the proliferation of myeloma cells, miR-186 gene and ZNF protein may be used as tumor suppressors in the treatment of myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Deng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical Universi¬ty, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - J J Xiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical Universi¬ty, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - H P Ge
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical Universi¬ty, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Z P Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical Universi¬ty, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - J P Shen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical Universi¬ty, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical Universi¬ty, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Y Q Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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13
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Gorham PW, Rotter B, Allison P, Banerjee O, Batten L, Beatty JJ, Bechtol K, Belov K, Besson DZ, Binns WR, Bugaev V, Cao P, Chen CC, Chen CH, Chen P, Clem JM, Connolly A, Cremonesi L, Dailey B, Deaconu C, Dowkontt PF, Fox BD, Gordon JWH, Hast C, Hill B, Hughes K, Huang JJ, Hupe R, Israel MH, Javaid A, Lam J, Liewer KM, Lin SY, Liu TC, Ludwig A, Macchiarulo L, Matsuno S, Miki C, Mulrey K, Nam J, Naudet CJ, Nichol RJ, Novikov A, Oberla E, Olmedo M, Prechelt R, Prohira S, Rauch BF, Roberts JM, Romero-Wolf A, Russell JW, Saltzberg D, Seckel D, Schoorlemmer H, Shiao J, Stafford S, Stockham J, Stockham M, Strutt B, Varner GS, Vieregg AG, Wang SH, Wissel SA. Observation of an Unusual Upward-Going Cosmic-Ray-like Event in the Third Flight of ANITA. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:161102. [PMID: 30387639 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.161102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on an upward traveling, radio-detected cosmic-ray-like impulsive event with characteristics closely matching an extensive air shower. This event, observed in the third flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA), a NASA-sponsored long-duration balloon payload, is consistent with a similar event reported in a previous flight. These events could be produced by the atmospheric decay of an upward-propagating τ lepton produced by a ν_{τ} interaction, although their relatively steep arrival angles create tension with the standard model neutrino cross section. Each of the two events have a posteriori background estimates of ≲10^{-2} events. If these are generated by τ-lepton decay, then either the charged-current ν_{τ} cross section is suppressed at EeV energies, or the events arise at moments when the peak flux of a transient neutrino source was much larger than the typical expected cosmogenic background neutrinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Gorham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - B Rotter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - P Allison
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - O Banerjee
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - L Batten
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - K Bechtol
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - K Belov
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russian Federation
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - V Bugaev
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - P Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - C C Chen
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - C H Chen
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - P Chen
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - J M Clem
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - A Connolly
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - L Cremonesi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - B Dailey
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C Deaconu
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - P F Dowkontt
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - B D Fox
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J W H Gordon
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C Hast
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Hill
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Hughes
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J J Huang
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - R Hupe
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - A Javaid
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Lam
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K M Liewer
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - T C Liu
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - A Ludwig
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - L Macchiarulo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S Matsuno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Miki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Mulrey
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Nam
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - C J Naudet
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - R J Nichol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - A Novikov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, Moscow 115409, Russian Federation
| | - E Oberla
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Olmedo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - R Prechelt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S Prohira
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics & McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - J M Roberts
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Romero-Wolf
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - J W Russell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - D Saltzberg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - D Seckel
- Department of Physics, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - H Schoorlemmer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Shiao
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - S Stafford
- Department of Physics, Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Stockham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - M Stockham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - B Strutt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G S Varner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A G Vieregg
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - S H Wang
- Department of Physics, Graduate Institute. of Astrophysics, & Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - S A Wissel
- Physics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA
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14
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Wu CR, Huang J, Chang JF, Zhang J, Zhou RJ, Xu Z, Gao W, Isobe M, Ogawa K, Lin SY, Hu LQ, Li JG. Performance of fast-ion loss diagnostic on EAST. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10I144. [PMID: 30399726 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The scintillator-based detector for fast-ion loss measurements has been installed on EAST. To obtain high temporal resolution for fast-ion loss diagnostics, fast photomultiplier tube systems have been developed which can supply the complementary measurements to the previous image system with good energy and pitch resolution by using a CCD camera. By applying the rotatable platform, the prompt losses of beam-ions can be measured in normal and reverse magnetic field. The thick-target bremsstrahlung occurring in the stainless steel shield with energetic electrons can produce X-rays, which will strike on the scintillator based detector. To understand this interference on fast-ion loss signals, the effects of energetic electrons on the scintillator-based detector are studied, including runaway electrons in the plasma ramping-up phase and fast electrons accelerated by the lower hybrid wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Wu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J Huang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J F Chang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - R J Zhou
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Z Xu
- Advanced Energy Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - W Gao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - M Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5259, Japan
| | - K Ogawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5259, Japan
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - J G Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
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15
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Lin SY, Hsieh SY, Fan YT, Wei WC, Hsiao PW, Tsai DH, Wu TS, Yang NS. Necroptosis promotes autophagy-dependent upregulation of DAMP and results in immunosurveillance. Autophagy 2017; 14:778-795. [PMID: 29171784 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1386359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed necrosis, necroptosis, is considered to be a highly immunogenic activity, often mediated via the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Interestingly, enhanced macroautophagic/autophagic activity is often found to be accompanied by necroptosis. However, the possible role of autophagy in the immunogenicity of necroptotic death remains largely obscure. In this study, we investigated the possible mechanistic correlation between phytochemical shikonin-induced autophagy and the shikonin-induced necroptosis for tumor immunogenicity. We show that shikonin can instigate RIPK1 (receptor [TNFRSF]-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1)- and RIPK3 (receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3)-dependent necroptosis that is accompanied by enhanced autophagy. Shikonin-induced autophagy can directly contribute to DAMP upregulation. Counterintuitively, among the released and ectoDAMPs, only the latter were shown to be able to activate the cocultured dendritic cells (DCs). Interruption of autophagic flux via chloroquine further upregulated ectoDAMP activity and resultant DC activation. For potential clinical application, DC vaccine preparations treated with tumor cells that were already pretreated with chloroquine and shikonin further enhanced the antimetastatic activity of 4T1 tumors and reduced the effective dosage of doxorubicin. The enhanced immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy obtained via shikonin and chloroquine cotreatment of tumor cells may thus constitute a compelling strategy for developing cancer vaccines via the use of a combinational drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yen Lin
- a Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , ROC , Taiwan.,b Graduate Institute of Life Science , National Defense Medical Center , Taipei ROC , Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yuan Hsieh
- c Bioresource Collection and Research Center , Food Industry and Research and Development Institute , Hsinchu , ROC, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Fan
- a Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , ROC , Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Wei
- a Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , ROC , Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsiao
- a Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , ROC , Taiwan.,b Graduate Institute of Life Science , National Defense Medical Center , Taipei ROC , Taiwan
| | - Dai-Hua Tsai
- d Institute for Pharmaceutics , Development Center for Biotechnology , New Taipei City , ROC , Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Shoon Wu
- e Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica , ROC , Taiwan
| | - Ning-Sun Yang
- a Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Academia Sinica , ROC , Taiwan.,b Graduate Institute of Life Science , National Defense Medical Center , Taipei ROC , Taiwan
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16
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Wu TY, Hu HY, Lin SY, Chie WC, Yang RS, Liaw CK. Trends in hip fracture rates in Taiwan: a nationwide study from 1996 to 2010. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:653-665. [PMID: 27858121 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3783-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There was an initial increase and a later decrease in hip fracture rates in Taiwan between 1996 and 2010 (457.9 to 390.0 fractures per 100,000 people per year). Mortality rates decreased but re-emerged later (2.26 to 1.91 deaths per 100 hip fracture admissions). The turning point for change in trends was 2003. INTRODUCTION Fractures of the proximal femur remain a major cause of mortality and morbidity. We aimed to examine recent trends in hip fracture rates, in-hospital mortality rates, and length of hospital stay (LOS) due to hip fractures in people aged 55 and over in Taiwan. METHODS This is a time-trend study. We used data from the National Health Insurance Research Database between 1996 and 2010 in Taiwan. Insurants aged 55 and over were included. The outcome measures were age-adjusted hip fracture rates, age-adjusted in-hospital mortality rates, and LOS due to hip fractures. We classified hip fractures into femoral neck, trochanteric, and subtrochanteric fractures. RESULTS We identified 250,919 hospitalizations for hip fractures. The total number of hip fractures increased steadily from 12,479 to 19,841 cases. There was a trend towards initial increase and then later decrease in hip fracture rates (from 457.9 to 390.0 fractures per 100,000 people per year). LOS decreased by 46.5 % (17.53 to 9.38 days). By contrast, mortality rates for hip fractures decreased initially, but re-emerged later with a total decrement of 15.5 % (2.26 to 1.91 deaths per 100 hip fracture admissions). Women outnumbered men in all types of hip fractures, but men had higher in hospital mortality rates. LOS was similar between genders and among age groups. The turning point for change in trends was year 2003. CONCLUSIONS While LOS shortened gradually since 1996, the absolute number of hip fractures in Taiwan continues to rise. There is still room for improvement in reducing mortality due to hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Wu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, 5F, No. 17, Hsu-Chow Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Renai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, 10F, No. 10, Sec. 4, Ren-Ai Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - H Y Hu
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, 10F, No. 10, Sec. 4, Ren-Ai Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health and Department of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec. 2, Li-nong St., Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, 10F, No. 10, Sec. 4, Ren-Ai Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - W C Chie
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, 5F, No. 17, Hsu-Chow Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 5F, No. 17, Hsu-Chow Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - R S Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 11F, No.7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - C K Liaw
- Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 11F, No.7, Chung-Shan S. Rd., Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, No. 95, Wen-Chang Rd., Taipei, 111, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhong-Zheng Rd., Xin-Zhuang Dist, New Taipei, 242, Taiwan.
- Department of Healthcare Information and Management, Ming Chuan University, No.5, De-Ming Rd., Gui-Shan Dist, Taoyuan County, 333, Taiwan.
- , 5F, No. 11, Aly. 25, Lan. 208, Rui-an St., Taipei, 10661, Taiwan.
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17
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Peng XY, Chen ZJ, Zhang X, Du TF, Hu ZM, Ge LJ, Zhang YM, Sun JQ, Gorini G, Nocente M, Tardocchi M, Hu LQ, Zhong GQ, Pu N, Lin SY, Wan BN, Li XQ, Zhang GH, Chen JX, Fan TS. Measurement and simulation of the response function of time of flight enhanced diagnostics neutron spectrometer for beam ion studies at EAST tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D836. [PMID: 27910376 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The 2.5 MeV TOFED (Time-Of-Flight Enhanced Diagnostics) neutron spectrometer with a double-ring structure has been installed at Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) to perform advanced neutron emission spectroscopy diagnosis of deuterium plasmas. This work describes the response function of the TOFED spectrometer, which is evaluated for the fully assembled instrument in its final layout. Results from Monte Carlo simulations and dedicated experiments with pulsed light sources are presented and used to determine properties of light transport from the scintillator. A GEANT4 model of the TOFED spectrometer was developed to calculate the instrument response matrix. The simulated TOFED response function was successfully benchmarked against measurements of the time-of-flight spectra for quasi-monoenergetic neutrons in the energy range of 1-4 MeV. The results are discussed in relation to the capability of TOFED to perform beam ion studies on EAST.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Peng
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z J Chen
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T F Du
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z M Hu
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - L J Ge
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Y M Zhang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J Q Sun
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - G Gorini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Nocente
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Tardocchi
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma "P. Caldirola," EURATOM-ENEA-CNR Association, Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - N Pu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - X Q Li
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - G H Zhang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J X Chen
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T S Fan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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18
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Chang JF, Isobe M, Ogawa K, Huang J, Wu CR, Xu Z, Jin Z, Lin SY, Hu LQ. Scintillator-based fast ion loss measurements in the EAST. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11E728. [PMID: 27910330 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new scintillator-based fast ion loss detector (FILD) has been installed on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) to investigate the fast ion loss behavior in high performance plasma with neutral beam injection (NBI) and ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH). A two dimensional 40 mm × 40 mm scintillator-coated (ZnS:Ag) stainless plate is mounted in the front of the detector, capturing the escaping fast ions. Photons from the scintillator plate are imaged with a Phantom V2010 CCD camera. The lost fast ions can be measured with the pitch angle from 60° to 120° and the gyroradius from 10 mm to 180 mm. This paper will describe the details of FILD diagnostic on EAST and describe preliminary measurements during NBI and ICRH heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Chang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - M Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5259, Japan
| | - K Ogawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5259, Japan
| | - J Huang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - C R Wu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Z Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Z Jin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, China
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19
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Duan YM, Mao ST, Hu LQ, Xu P, Xu LQ, Zhang JZ, Lin SY. Operation of bolometer system using Pt foil on SiN substrate detector for EAST tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D434. [PMID: 27910562 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The foil resistive bolometer diagnostic on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak has been upgraded partly with a new generation of detectors. The new detectors have faster response time. However, the microwave interference is still a serious issue for the bolometer system. The system response to microwave is tested, and the test results show that the closed Wheatstone bridge circuit in the detector is the most sensitive component to high power microwave field. Simulation results of microwave transmission by the high frequency structure simulator software and shielding design are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Duan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S T Mao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China
| | - P Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Q Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J Z Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China
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20
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Zhou RJ, Hu LQ, Zhong GQ, Cao HR, Liu GZ, Li K, Zhang Y, Lin SY, Zhang JZ. First results from gamma ray diagnostics in EAST Tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11E702. [PMID: 27910477 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gamma ray diagnostics has been developed in the EAST tokamak recently. Six BGO scintillator detectors are arranged on the down-half cross-section and pointed at the up-half cross-section of plasma, with space resolution about 15 cm and energy range from 0.3 MeV to 6 MeV. Three main gamma ray peaks in the energy spectra have been observed and are identified as the results of nuclear reactions 207Pb(n, n')207mPb, H(n, γ) D, and D(p, γ)3He, respectively. Upgrading of the system is in progress by using LaBr3(Ce) scintillator, fast photo-multiplier tubes, and a fully digital data acquisition system based on high sample frequency digitizers with digital pulse processing algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Zhou
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - H R Cao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G Z Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - K Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J Z Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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21
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Lin SY, Lachowsky NJ, Hull M, Rich A, Cui Z, Sereda P, Jollimore J, Stephenson K, Thumath M, Montaner J, Roth EA, Hogg RS, Moore DM. Awareness and use of nonoccupational post-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Canada. HIV Med 2016; 17:662-73. [PMID: 27477994 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nonoccupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) is a strategy to reduce the risk of HIV infection in those with high-risk exposure. This study characterized nPEP awareness among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada after a pilot nPEP programme established in 2012. METHODS Momentum Health Study participants were MSM aged ≥16 years recruited via respondent-driven sampling (RDS) who completed a computer-assisted self-interview. Stratifying patients by HIV status, we used multivariable logistic regression with backward selection to identify factors associated with nPEP awareness. All analyses were RDS-adjusted. RESULTS A total of 51.9% (112 of 173) of HIV-positive and 48.5% (272 of 500) of HIV-negative participants had heard of nPEP. Only 3% (five of 106) of HIV-negative participants who reported recent high-risk sex used nPEP. Generally, nPEP awareness was higher for participants who engaged in sexual activities with increased HIV transmission potential. Factors associated with greater awareness among HIV-negative participants included recent alcohol use, higher communal sexual altruism, previous sexually transmitted infection diagnosis, and greater perceived condom use self-efficacy. Other factors associated with greater awareness among HIV-negative participants included white race/ethnicity, gay sexual identity, more formal education, lower personal sexual altruism, and Vancouver residence. Greater nPEP awareness among HIV-positive participants was associated with greater perceived agency to ask sexual partners' HIV status and more frequently reporting doing so, a higher number of lifetime receptive sex partners, and greater access to condoms. CONCLUSIONS Following implementation of an nPEP pilot programme, nPEP awareness among HIV-negative MSM was 51% and use was 3%. These data support the need to expand access to and actively promote nPEP services.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lin
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N J Lachowsky
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Hull
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Rich
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Z Cui
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - P Sereda
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Jollimore
- Health Initiative for Men, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - M Thumath
- Faculty of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jsg Montaner
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E A Roth
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.,Centre for Addictions Research BC, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - R S Hogg
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - D M Moore
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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22
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Cher CY, Leung GMK, Au CH, Chan TL, Ma ESK, Sim JPY, Gill H, Lie AKW, Liang R, Wong KF, Siu LLP, Tsui CSP, So CC, Wong HWW, Yip SF, Lee HKK, Liu HSY, Lau JSM, Luk TH, Lau CK, Lin SY, Kwong YL, Leung AYH. Next-generation sequencing with a myeloid gene panel in core-binding factor AML showed KIT activation loop and TET2 mutations predictive of outcome. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e442. [PMID: 27391574 PMCID: PMC5030377 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical outcome and mutations of 96 core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients 18–60 years old were examined. Complete remission (CR) after induction was 94.6%. There was no significant difference in CR, leukemia-free-survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) between t(8;21) (N=67) and inv(16) patients (N=29). Univariate analysis showed hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at CR1 as the only clinical parameter associated with superior LFS. Next-generation sequencing based on a myeloid gene panel was performed in 72 patients. Mutations in genes involved in cell signaling were associated with inferior LFS and OS, whereas those in genes involved in DNA methylation were associated with inferior LFS. KIT activation loop (AL) mutations occurred in 25 patients, and were associated with inferior LFS (P=0.003) and OS (P=0.001). TET2 mutations occurred in 8 patients, and were associated with significantly shorter LFS (P=0.015) but not OS. Patients negative for KIT-AL and TET2 mutations (N=41) had significantly better LFS (P<0.001) and OS (P=0.012) than those positive for both or either mutation. Multivariate analysis showed that KIT-AL and TET2 mutations were associated with inferior LFS, whereas age ⩾40 years and marrow blast ⩾70% were associated with inferior OS. These observations provide new insights that may guide better treatment for this AML subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Cher
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - G M K Leung
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C H Au
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - T L Chan
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - E S K Ma
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - J P Y Sim
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - H Gill
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - A K W Lie
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R Liang
- Department of Medicine, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - K F Wong
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - L L P Siu
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - C S P Tsui
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - C C So
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - H W W Wong
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S F Yip
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - H K K Lee
- Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - H S Y Liu
- Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - J S M Lau
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - T H Luk
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - C K Lau
- Department of Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y L Kwong
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - A Y H Leung
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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23
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Chen SH, Lien WM, Wang WW, Lee GD, Hsu LC, Lee KW, Lin SY, Lin CH, Fu LC, Lai JS, Luh JJ, Chen WS. Assistive Control System for Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2016; 24:1199-1209. [PMID: 26929055 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2016.2532478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an assistive control system with a special kinematic structure of an upper limb rehabilitation robot embedded with force/torque sensors. A dynamic human model integrated with sensing torque is used to simulate human interaction under three rehabilitation modes: active mode, assistive mode, and passive mode. The hereby proposed rehabilitation robot, called NTUH-ARM, provides 7 degree-of- freedom (DOF) motion and runs subject to an inherent mapping between the 7 DOFs of the robot arm and the 4 DOFs of the human arm. The Lyapunov theory is used to analyze the stability of the proposed controller design. Clinical trials have been conducted with six patients, one of which acts as a control. The results of these experiments are positive and STREAM assessment by physical therapists also reveals promising results.
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24
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Maza WA, Haring AJ, Ahrenholtz SR, Epley CC, Lin SY, Morris AJ. Ruthenium(ii)-polypyridyl zirconium(iv) metal-organic frameworks as a new class of sensitized solar cells. Chem Sci 2016; 7:719-727. [PMID: 29896356 PMCID: PMC5953006 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01565k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of Ru(ii)L2L' (L = 2,2'-bipyridyl, L' = 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid), RuDCBPY, -containing zirconium(iv) coordination polymer thin films have been prepared as sensitizing materials for solar cell applications. These metal-organic framework (MOF) sensitized solar cells, MOFSCs, each are shown to generate photocurrent in response to simulated 1 sun illumination. Emission lifetime measurements indicate the excited state quenching of RuDCBPY at the MOF-TiO2 interface is extremely efficient (>90%), presumably due to electron injection into TiO2. A mechanism is proposed in which RuDCBPY-centers photo-excited within the MOF-bulk undergo isotropic energy migration up to 25 nm from the point of origin. This work represents the first example in which a MOFSC is directly compared to the constituent dye adsorbed on TiO2 (DSC). Importantly, the MOFSCs outperformed their RuDCBPY-TiO2 DSC counterpart under the conditions used here and, thus, are solidified as promising solar cell platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Maza
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - A J Haring
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - S R Ahrenholtz
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - C C Epley
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
| | - A J Morris
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , VA 24061 , USA .
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25
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Chuang LC, Hsu CL, Lin SY. A fixed denture for a child with epidermolysis bullosa simplex. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2015; 16:315-318. [PMID: 26637257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To report the caries treatment and delivery of a fixed denture for a 3-year-old girl with epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS). CASE REPORT EBS is manifested on the skin or mucous membranes where skin separation is easily induced by trauma. Full- mouth rehabilitation under in-patient general anaesthesia was performed to the patient in conjunction with proper pre- and postoperative care. A fixed denture was fabricated and installed to replace the extracted teeth without later causing irritation on the mucosa. The prosthesis restored aesthetics and provided comfort without imposing the burden of compliance on the patient. CONCLUSION Aided by meticulous pre- and postoperative care and oral hygiene reinforcement, comprehensive dental treatment coupled with fixed denture delivery can greatly improve the life quality and aesthetics for children with EBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Chuang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou; Graduate Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - C L Hsu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou; Graduate Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou; Graduate Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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26
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Zhong JY, Zheng XW, Ye HD, Cui HB, Du WP, Zhang ZX, Fei XH, Lin SY, Wang J, Su J, Chen XM, Duan SW. Male-specific association of the APC rs383830 T allele with the risk of coronary heart disease. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:11745-51. [PMID: 26436499 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
APC is a tumor suppressor gene that is involved in the processes of cell migration and adhesion, transcriptional activation, and apoptosis. The goal of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the APC rs383830 polymorphism to coronary heart disease (CHD) in Han Chinese. A total of 783 patients with CHD and 737 controls were tested in the current association study. Although our study did not identify an association between the APC rs383830 polymorphism and CHD, a breakdown analysis by gender indicated there was a significant contribution of the rs383830 T allele to the risk of CHD in males (P = 0.046, odds ratio = 1.267, 95% confidence interval = 1.004-1.598). In conclusion, our study suggested a male-specific association of the APC rs383830 polymorphism with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Zhong
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - X W Zheng
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - H D Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - H B Cui
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - W P Du
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z X Zhang
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - X H Fei
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Wang
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Su
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - X M Chen
- Ningbo First Hospital School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - S W Duan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Lau
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Y K Lam
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - K H Leung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Lin
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
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28
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Du TF, Chen ZJ, Peng XY, Yuan X, Zhang X, Gorini G, Nocente M, Tardocchi M, Hu ZM, Cui ZQ, Xie XF, Ge LJ, Hu LQ, Zhong GQ, Lin SY, Wan BN, Li XQ, Zhang GH, Chen JX, Fan TS. Design of the radiation shielding for the time of flight enhanced diagnostics neutron spectrometer at Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11E115. [PMID: 25430294 DOI: 10.1063/1.4891059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A radiation shielding has been designed to reduce scattered neutrons and background gamma-rays for the new double-ring Time Of Flight Enhanced Diagnostics (TOFED). The shielding was designed based on simulation with the Monte Carlo code MCNP5. Dedicated model of the EAST tokamak has been developed together with the emission neutron source profile and spectrum; the latter were simulated with the Nubeam and GENESIS codes. Significant reduction of background radiation at the detector can be achieved and this satisfies the requirement of TOFED. The intensities of the scattered and direct neutrons in the line of sight of the TOFED neutron spectrometer at EAST are studied for future data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Du
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Z J Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X Y Peng
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X Yuan
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - G Gorini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - M Nocente
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - M Tardocchi
- Istituto di Fisicadel Plasma "P. Caldirola," Milano, Italy
| | - Z M Hu
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Q Cui
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - X F Xie
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - L J Ge
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei, China
| | - X Q Li
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - G H Zhang
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J X Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - T S Fan
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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29
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Peng XY, Chen ZJ, Zhang X, Hu ZM, Du TF, Cui ZQ, Xie XF, Ge LJ, Yuan X, Gorini G, Nocente M, Tardocchi M, Hu LQ, Zhong GQ, Lin SY, Wan BN, Li XQ, Zhang GH, Chen JX, Fan TS. Light output function and assembly of the time-of-flight enhanced diagnostics neutron spectrometer plastic scintillators for background reduction by double kinematic selection at EAST. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11E112. [PMID: 25430291 DOI: 10.1063/1.4886762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The 2.5 MeV neutron spectrometer TOFED (Time-Of-Flight Enhanced Diagnostics) has been constructed to perform advanced neutron emission spectroscopy diagnosis of deuterium plasmas on EAST. The instrument has a double-ring structure which, in combination with pulse shape digitization, allows for a dual kinematic selection in the time-of-flight/recoil proton energy (tof/Ep) space, thus improving the spectrometer capability to resolve fast ion signatures in the neutron spectrum, in principle up to a factor ≈100. The identification and separation of features from the energetic ions in the neutron spectrum depends on the detailed knowledge of the instrument response function, both in terms of the light output function of the scintillators and the effect of undesired multiple neutron scatterings in the instrument. This work presents the determination of the light output function of the TOFED plastic scintillator detectors and their geometrical assembly. Results from dedicated experiments with γ-ray sources and quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams are presented. Implications on the instrument capability to perform background suppression based on double kinematic selection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Peng
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z J Chen
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z M Hu
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T F Du
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z Q Cui
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X F Xie
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - L J Ge
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Yuan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - G Gorini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Nocente
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Tardocchi
- Istituto di Fisica del Plasma "P. Caldirola," EURATOM-ENEA-CNR Association, Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - X Q Li
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - G H Zhang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J X Chen
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T S Fan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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30
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Cui ZQ, Chen ZJ, Xie XF, Peng XY, Hu ZM, Du TF, Ge LJ, Zhang X, Yuan X, Xia ZW, Hu LQ, Zhong GQ, Lin SY, Wan BN, Fan TS, Chen JX, Li XQ, Zhang GH. Design of a magnetic shielding system for the time of flight enhanced diagnostics neutron spectrometer at Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11D829. [PMID: 25430242 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The novel neutron spectrometer TOFED (Time of Flight Enhanced Diagnostics), comprising 90 individual photomultiplier tubes coupled with 85 plastic scintillation detectors through light guides, has been constructed and installed at Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. A dedicated magnetic shielding system has been constructed for TOFED, and is designed to guarantee the normal operation of photomultiplier tubes in the stray magnetic field leaking from the tokamak device. Experimental measurements and numerical simulations carried out employing the finite element method are combined to optimize the design of the magnetic shielding system. The system allows detectors to work properly in an external magnetic field of 200 G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Q Cui
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z J Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X F Xie
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Y Peng
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z M Hu
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T F Du
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - L J Ge
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Yuan
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z W Xia
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei 230031, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei 230031, China
| | - T S Fan
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J X Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Q Li
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - G H Zhang
- School of Physics, State Key Lab of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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31
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Chen ZJ, Peng XY, Zhang X, Du TF, Hu ZM, Cui ZQ, Ge LJ, Xie XF, Yuan X, Gorini G, Nocente M, Tardocchi M, Hu LQ, Zhong GQ, Lin SY, Wan BN, Li XQ, Zhang GH, Chen JX, Fan TS. Data acquisition system with pulse height capability for the TOFED time-of-flight neutron spectrometer. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11D830. [PMID: 25430243 DOI: 10.1063/1.4885474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new time-of-flight neutron spectrometer TOFED has been constructed for installation at Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak. A data acquisition system combining measurements of flight time and energy from the interaction of neutrons with the TOFED scintillators has been developed. The data acquisition system can provide a digitizing resolution better than 1.5% (to be compared with the >10% resolution of the recoil particle energy in the plastic scintillators) and a time resolution <1 ns. At the same time, it is compatible with high count rate event recording, which is an essential feature to investigate phenomena occurring on time scales faster than the slowing down time (≈100 ms) of the beam ions in the plasma. Implications of these results on the TOFED capability to resolve fast ion signatures in the neutron spectrum from EAST plasmas are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Chen
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Y Peng
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T F Du
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z M Hu
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z Q Cui
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - L J Ge
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X F Xie
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Yuan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - G Gorini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Nocente
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Tardocchi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - X Q Li
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - G H Zhang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J X Chen
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T S Fan
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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32
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Hu ZM, Xie XF, Chen ZJ, Peng XY, Du TF, Cui ZQ, Ge LJ, Li T, Yuan X, Zhang X, Hu LQ, Zhong GQ, Lin SY, Wan BN, Gorini G, Li XQ, Zhang GH, Chen JX, Fan TS. Monte Carlo simulation of a Bonner sphere spectrometer for application to the determination of neutron field in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak experimental hall. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:11E417. [PMID: 25430324 DOI: 10.1063/1.4891163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To assess the neutron energy spectra and the neutron dose for different positions around the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) device, a Bonner Sphere Spectrometer (BSS) was developed at Peking University, with totally nine polyethylene spheres and a SP9 (3)He counter. The response functions of the BSS were calculated by the Monte Carlo codes MCNP and GEANT4 with dedicated models, and good agreement was found between these two codes. A feasibility study was carried out with a simulated neutron energy spectrum around EAST, and the simulated "experimental" result of each sphere was obtained by calculating the response with MCNP, which used the simulated neutron energy spectrum as the input spectrum. With the deconvolution of the "experimental" measurement, the neutron energy spectrum was retrieved and compared with the preset one. Good consistence was found which offers confidence for the application of the BSS system for dose and spectrum measurements around a fusion device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X F Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z J Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Y Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T F Du
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Z Q Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - L J Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - X Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - L Q Hu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G Q Zhong
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Y Lin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei 230031, China
| | - B N Wan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, CAS, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G Gorini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - X Q Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - G H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - J X Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - T S Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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33
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Lin CS, Lin SY, Chang CC, Wang HH, Liao CC, Chen TL. Postoperative adverse outcomes after non-hepatic surgery in patients with liver cirrhosis. Br J Surg 2014; 100:1784-90. [PMID: 24227365 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative adverse outcomes in patients with liver cirrhosis are not completely understood. This study evaluated the association between liver cirrhosis and adverse outcomes after non-hepatic surgery. METHODS Reimbursement claims were used to identify patients with preoperative liver cirrhosis who underwent non-hepatic surgery from 2004 to 2007. Control patients without cirrhosis were matched by age, sex, type of surgery and anaesthesia. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (c.i.) of postoperative adverse events associated with liver cirrhosis were analysed by multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Thirty-day mortality rates among 24 282 patients with cirrhosis and 97 128 control patients were 1·2 per cent (299 deaths) and 0·7 per cent (635 deaths) respectively. Liver cirrhosis was associated with postoperative 30-day mortality (OR 1·88, 95 per cent c.i. 1·63 to 2·16), acute renal failure (OR 1·52, 1·34 to 1·74), septicaemia (OR 1·42, 1·33 to 1·51) and intensive care unit admission (OR 1·39, 1·33 to 1·45). Postoperative mortality increased in patients who had liver cirrhosis with viral hepatitis (OR 2·87, 1·55 to 5·30), alcohol dependence syndrome (OR 3·74, 2·64 to 5·31), jaundice (OR 5·47, 3·77 to 7·93), ascites (OR 5·85, 4·62 to 7·41), gastrointestinal haemorrhage (OR 3·01, 2·33 to 3·90) and hepatic coma (OR 5·11, 3·79 to 6·87). CONCLUSION Patients with liver cirrhosis had increased mortality and complications after non-hepatic surgery, particularly those with cirrhosis-related clinical indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Lin
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Health Policy Research Centre and; Department of Anaesthesiology, Taichung, Taiwan
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34
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Lin SY, Lee KM, Chen TC, Lien CT, Lu PL. A swollen knee in a 77-year-old lung cancer patient receiving antimicrobial therapy for pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 56:1778, 1838-9. [PMID: 23690369 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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35
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Huang YH, Lin YH, Chi HC, Liao CH, Liao CJ, Wu SM, Chen CY, Tseng YH, Tsai CY, Lin SY, Hung YT, Wang CJ, Lin CD, Lin KH. Thyroid hormone regulation of miR-21 enhances migration and invasion of hepatoma. Cancer Res 2013; 73:2505-17. [PMID: 23442323 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (T(3)) signaling through the thyroid hormone receptor (TRα1) regulates hepatoma cell growth and pathophysiology, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear at present. Here, we have shown that the oncomir microRNA-21 (miR-21) is activated by T(3) through a native T(3) response element in the primary miR-21 promoter. Overexpression of miR-21 promoted hepatoma cell migration and invasion, similar to that observed with T(3) stimulation in hepatoma cells. In addition, anti-miR-21-induced suppression of cell migration was rescued by T(3). The Rac-controlled regulator of invasion and metastasis, T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (TIAM1), was identified as a miR-21 target additionally downregulated by T(3). Attenuation and overexpression of miR-21 induced upregulation and downregulation of TIAM1, respectively. TIAM1 attenuation, in turn, enhanced migration and invasion via the upregulation of β-catenin, vimentin, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in hepatoma cells. Notably, correlations between TRα1, miR-21, and TIAM1 expression patterns in animal models paralleled those observed in vitro. In the clinic, we observed a positive correlation (P = 0.005) between the tumor/nontumor ratios of TRα1 and miR-21 expression, whereas a negative correlation (P = 0.019) was seen between miR-21 and TIAM1 expression in patients with hepatoma. Our findings collectively indicate that miR-21 stimulation by T(3) and subsequent TIAM1 suppression promotes hepatoma cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Huang
- Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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Abstract
The resistive bolometer system has been successfully employed on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak for the first time to measure the radiated power of plasma. The bolometer detectors are based on 4 μm thick Pt absorbers deposited on 1.5 μm thick SiN membranes. The system consists of 3 cameras with a total of 48 channels. The detector and the system setup are described in detail. The detector calibration and typical measurement results are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Duan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, China
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Wei WC, Lin SY, Chen YJ, Wen CC, Huang CY, Palanisamy A, Yang NS, Sheu JH. Topical application of marine briarane-type diterpenes effectively inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced inflammation and dermatitis in murine skin. J Biomed Sci 2011; 18:94. [PMID: 22189182 PMCID: PMC3262025 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-18-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skin is the largest organ in the body, and is directly exposed to extrinsic assaults. As such, the skin plays a central role in host defense and the cutaneous immune system is able to elicit specific local inflammatory and systemic immune responses against harmful stimuli. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) can stimulate acute and chronic inflammation and tumor promotion in skin. TPA-induced dermatitis is thus a useful in vivo pharmacological platform for drug discovery. In this study, the inhibitory effect of briarane-type diterpenes (BrDs) from marine coral Briareum excavatum on TPA-induced dermatitis and dendritic cell (DC) function was explored. Methods Evans blue dye exudation was used to determine vascular permeability. H&E-stained skin section was used to determine the formation of edema in mouse abdominal skin. We also used immunohistochemistry staining and western blot assays to evaluate the activation of specific inflammation makers and key mediators of signaling pathway in the mouse skin. Furthermore, mouse bone marrow DCs were used to determine the relationship between the chemical structure of BrDs and their regulation of DC function. Results BrD1 remarkably suppressed TPA-induced vascular permeability and edema in skin. At the biochemical level, BrD1 inhibited TPA-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and matrix metalloproteinase-9, the key indicators of cutaneous inflammation. This inhibition was apparently mediated by interference with the Akt/NF-κB-mediated signaling network. BrD1 also inhibited TNF-α and IL-6 expression in LPS-stimulated BMDCs. The 8, 17-epoxide of BrDs played a crucial role in the inhibition of IL-6 expression, and replacement of the C-12 hydroxyl group with longer esters in BrDs gradually decreased this inhibitory activity. Conclusions Our results suggest that BrDs warrant further investigation as natural immunomodulatory agents for control of inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chi Wei
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
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Cheung WI, Lin SY, Leung VKS, Fung KSC, Lam YK, Lo FH, Chau TN. Prospective evaluation of seropositive occult hepatitis B viral infection in lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:376-380. [PMID: 21979474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. To serially evaluate the viral kinetics of occult hepatitis B virus infection in lymphoma patients and perform a correlation with clinical outcomes. DESIGN. Case series with 1-year follow-up. SETTING. Regional hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS. Consecutive patients who were newly diagnosed to have lymphoma in the hospital between 1 April 2007 and 31 March 2008 were tested for hepatitis B (HB) surface (s) antigen (Ag), anti-HBs antibody (Ab) and anti-HB core (c) Ab. Seropositive occult hepatitis B patients as defined by being negative for HBsAg but positive anti-HBsAb and/or anti-HBcAb without a hepatitis B vaccination history were recruited. Serum HBsAg, anti-HBsAb, anti-HBcAb, hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) level, and liver biochemistry were checked at baseline and every 4 weeks during and after chemotherapy until 12 months after the completion of chemotherapy or death. Entecavir was started if patients developed biochemical flare-up of hepatitis B associated with virological rebound. The prevalence and course of hepatitis B virus-related hepatitis, as well as any temporal relationship to viral kinetics and clinical hepatitis, were assessed. RESULTS. Of 47 patients tested, 10 (21%) with lymphoma were seropositive occult hepatitis carriers. Their median baseline hepatitis B virus DNA level was 89 IU/mL (range, <34-807 IU/mL). Virological rebound (as defined by a 10-fold increase in serum hepatitis B virus DNA level from pre-chemotherapy level persisted for 4 weeks) occurred in one of the 10 patients, followed by biochemical reactivation. Whereupon entecavir treatment was started and no liver failure ensued. Regarding the other seropositive occult patients, their serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels fluctuated, but there was no associated biochemical reactivation. CONCLUSION. Detectable baseline serum hepatitis B virus DNA is not uncommon in patients with occult hepatitis B who receive chemotherapy. Transient elevation in serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels does not predict biochemical reactivation, but antiviral treatment might be considered if virological rebound persists.
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Affiliation(s)
- W I Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Au WY, Lee V, Lau CW, Yau J, Chan D, Chan EYT, Cheung WWW, Ha SY, Kho B, Lee CY, Li RCH, Li CK, Lin SY, Ling ASC, Mak V, Sun L, Wong KHF, Wong R, Yuen HL. A synopsis of current care of thalassaemia major patients in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:261-266. [PMID: 21813892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a synopsis of current thalassaemia major patient care in Hong Kong. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING All haematology units of the Hospital Authority in Hong Kong. PATIENTS All patients with thalassaemia major with regular transfusion. RESULTS To date, there were 363 thalassaemia major patients under the care of the Hospital Authority. Prenatal diagnosis has helped to reduce the number of indigenous new cases, but in recent years immigrant cases are appearing. The patients have a mean age of 23 (range, 1-52) years, and 78% of them are adults. In 2009, they received 18 782 units of blood. This accounted for 9.5% of all blood consumption from the Hong Kong Red Cross. In the past, cardiac iron overload was the major cause of death (65%) and few patients survived beyond the age of 45 years. The availability of cardiac iron assessment by magnetic resonance imaging (T2 MRI) to direct the use of oral deferiprone chelation has reduced the prevalence of heart failure and cardiac haemosiderosis, which should reduce mortality and improve life expectancy. CONCLUSION The future for thalassaemia care in Hong Kong is bright. With better transfusion and chelation, it should be possible to avoid growth and endocrine deficiencies in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Au
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Yang MKW, Lau YM, Lo FH, Lam YK, Lin SY. Hepatosplenic candidiasis complicating acute myeloid leukaemia. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:252-253. [PMID: 21636876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K W Yang
- Department of Radiology, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
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Au WY, Lee V, Kho B, Ling ASC, Chan D, Chan EYT, Chan GCF, Cheung WWW, Lau CW, Lee CY, Li RCH, Li CK, Lin SY, Mak V, Sun L, Wong KHF, Wong R, Yau J, Yuen HL. A synopsis of current haemophilia care in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:189-194. [PMID: 21636866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a synopsis of current haemophilia care in Hong Kong. DESIGN Retrospective survey. SETTING All haematology units of the Hospital Authority in Hong Kong. PATIENTS All patients with haemophilia A and haemophilia B. RESULTS To date, there were 222 mild-to-severe haemophilia patients (192 type A, 30 type B) under regular public care in Hong Kong (43% were considered severe, 33% moderate, and 24% mild), which gave a crude prevalence of 6.8/100 000 male inhabitants. A total of 12.8 million units of Factor VIII and 3 million units of Factor IX were prescribed annually. This amounts to 1.83 units of FVIII per capita of the population, which is comparable to that of other developed countries. Leading causes of mortality were human immunodeficiency virus-related complications (10 cases) and cerebral bleeding (2 cases). The life expectancy of patients with severe haemophilia in Hong Kong is improving; currently the oldest patient is 60 years old. Such improved survival may be due to enhanced factor availability, prompt treatment of bleeding episodes at home, safer factor products, and better antiviral treatment. Primary prophylaxis is the accepted standard of care for severe and moderate cases, and "Factor First" has become hospital policy. However, 12 patients continue to present treatment challenges, due to the documented presence of factor inhibitors. In all, 28, 100, and 14 cases respectively were positive for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus; the youngest patients with the corresponding infections being 28, 13, and 22 years old. Comprehensive care with dedicated physiotherapy, surgical support, and radionucleotide synovectomy may reduce morbidity further. CONCLUSION A multidisciplinary approach can further improve the future care for haemophilia patients in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Au
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Xu P, Lin SY, Hu LQ, Duan YM, Zhang JZ, Chen KY, Zhong GQ. First results obtained from the soft x-ray pulse height analyzer on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:063501. [PMID: 20590235 DOI: 10.1063/1.3443572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An assembly of soft x-ray pulse height analyzer system, based on silicon drift detector (SDD), has been successfully established on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) to measure the spectrum of soft x-ray emission (E=1-20 keV). The system, including one 15-channel SDD linear array, is installed on EAST horizontal port C. The time-resolved radial profiles of electron temperature and K(alpha) intensities of metallic impurities have been obtained with a spatial resolution of around 7 cm during a single discharge. It was found that the electron temperatures derived from the system are in good agreement with the values from Thomson scattering measurements. The system can also be applied to the measurement of the long pulse discharge for EAST. The diagnostic system is introduced and some typical experimental results obtained from the system are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Xu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1126, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China.
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Lique F, Jorfi M, Honvault P, Halvick P, Lin SY, Guo H, Xie DQ, Dagdigian PJ, Kłos J, Alexander MH. O+OH-->O(2)+H: A key reaction for interstellar chemistry. New theoretical results and comparison with experiment. J Chem Phys 2010; 131:221104. [PMID: 20001016 DOI: 10.1063/1.3274226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report extensive, fully quantum, time-independent (TID) calculations of cross sections at low collision energies and rate constants at low temperatures for the O+OH reaction, of key importance in the production of molecular oxygen in cold, dark, interstellar clouds and in the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere. Our calculations are compared with TID calculations within the J-shifting approximation, with wave-packet calculations, and with quasiclassical trajectory calculations. The fully quantum TID calculations yield rate constants higher than those from the more approximate methods and are qualitatively consistent with a low-temperature extrapolation of earlier experimental values but not with the most recent experiments at the lowest temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lique
- LOMC, Universite du Havre, 25 Rue Philippe Lebon, BP 540, 76 058 Le Havre Cedex, France
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Leung VKS, Lin SY, Loke TKL, Chau TN, Leung CY, Fung TP, Lam SH. Primary hepatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma in a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15:288-290. [PMID: 19652237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of primary hepatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma in a patient with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. This patient presented with a solitary hepatic lesion with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging features that did not resemble hepatocellular carcinoma. Subsequent biopsy of the lesion revealed that it was a peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The patient was successfully treated with multi-agent chemotherapy followed by radiofrequency ablation. Although hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequently encountered primary hepatic tumour in patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis, primary hepatic lymphoma should also be borne in mind. Nevertheless, primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare entity, and has no proven association with chronic hepatitis B infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent K S Leung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong.
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Shih JC, Palacios Jaraquemada JMP, Su YN, Shyu MK, Lin CH, Lin SY, Lee CN. Role of three-dimensional power Doppler in the antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta: comparison with gray-scale and color Doppler techniques. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009; 33:193-203. [PMID: 19173239 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the role of three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler in the antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta and compare its diagnostic performance with gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasonography. METHODS One hundred and seventy pregnant women with persistent placenta previa totalis (after 28 weeks' gestation) were prospectively enrolled into this study. Gray-scale transabdominal ultrasound examination was performed to detect loss of the subendometrial echolucent zone and other abnormalities suggestive of placenta accreta. Color flow mapping was used to scan the whole placenta to detect any newly formed vessels at the serosa-bladder border or the presence of abnormal lacunae. Finally a targeted examination of angioarchitecture in the basal and lateral views of the placenta was carried out using 3D power Doppler. The ultrasound findings were analyzed with reference to the final diagnosis made during Cesarean delivery. RESULTS Placenta accreta and its variants (including increta and percreta) were confirmed in 39 patients at the time of Cesarean delivery. Based on receiver-operating characteristics analysis, 'numerous coherent vessels' visualized using 3D power Doppler in the basal view was the best single criterion for the diagnosis of placenta accreta, with a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 92%. If we considered the presence of at least one criterion to be diagnostic when using each ultrasound technique, then 3D power Doppler would have the best positive predictive value (76%), followed by gray-scale (51%) and color Doppler (47%). The majority of patients with placenta accreta showed multiple characteristic features on ultrasound imaging. In contrast, those patients with a false-positive diagnosis (i.e. the final diagnosis was placenta previa alone) tended to show isolated ultrasound markers of the condition. CONCLUSION 3D power Doppler may be useful as a complementary technique for the antenatal diagnosis or exclusion of placenta accreta.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Shih
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin SY, Chen KY, Shu CM. Calorimetric evaluation of polymerization thermokinetics of styrene, alpha-methylstyrene and trans-beta-methylstyrene. J Hazard Mater 2009; 161:330-335. [PMID: 18487015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.03.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 01/05/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
According to literature and our research, the styrene polymerization mechanism is identified by alpha-methylstyrene (AMS). This study investigated the basic exothermic behavior of styrene and its major derivatives, AMS, and trans-beta-methylstyrene (TBMS), by two calorimeters, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal activity monitor (TAM), to compare and evaluate their thermal kinetics on polymerization. DSC and TAM were employed for dynamic scanning and isothermal ageing tests to calculate thermokinetic parameters of styrene and styrene containing 10ppm 4-tertiary-butylcatechol (TBC), AMS, and TBMS. Certain prominent differences were observed and discussed between AMS and TBMS obtained from DSC and TAM. All of the results could be provided to the relevant plants for lessening the degree of hazard. Results indicated that styrene, AMS, and TBMS have potential exothermic hazards, especially during the higher temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lin
- Doctoral Program, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123 University Road, Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan, ROC
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Nonoue Y, Fujino K, Hirayama Y, Yamanouchi U, Lin SY, Yano M. Detection of quantitative trait loci controlling extremely early heading in rice. Theor Appl Genet 2008; 116:715-22. [PMID: 18193402 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-007-0704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 12/13/2007] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the genetic basis of extremely early heading in rice, we conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses using F2 populations from two genetically wide cross combinations, Hayamasari/Kasalath (HaF2) and Hoshinoyume/Kasalath (HoF2). Hayamasari and Hoshinoyume are extremely early-heading japonica cultivars. Photoperiod sensitivity is completely lost in Hayamasari and weak in Hoshinoyume. Three QTLs, QTL(chr6), QTL(chr7), and QTL(chr8), for days-to-heading (DTH) in HaF2 were detected on chromosomes 6, 7, and 8, respectively, and QTL(chr6) and QTL(chr7) were detected in HoF2. On the basis of the chromosomal locations, QTL(chr6), QTL(chr7), and QTL(chr8) may be likely to be Hd1, Hd4, and Hd5, respectively, which had been detected previously as QTLs for DTH in an F2 population of NipponbarexKasalath. Alleles of QTL(chr7) decreased DTH dramatically in both Hayamasari and Hoshinoyume, suggesting that QTL(chr7) has a major role in determining extremely early heading. In addition, allele-specific interactions were detected between QTL(chr6), QTL(chr7) and QTL(chr8). This result suggests that not only allelic differences but also epistatic interactions contribute to extremely early heading. QTL(chr8) was detected in HaF2, but not in HoF2, suggesting that it determines the difference in DTH between Hayamasari and Hoshinoyume. A major QTL was also detected in the region of QTL(chr8) in QTL analysis using an F2 population of HayamasarixHoshinoyume. This result supports the idea that QTL(chr8) is a major factor that determines the difference in DTH between Hayamasari and Hoshinoyume, and is involved in photoperiod sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nonoue
- Institute of Society for Techno-innovation of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 446-1 Kamiyokoba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0854, Japan
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Lee DN, Liu SR, Chen YT, Wang RC, Lin SY, Weng CF. Effects of diets supplemented with organic acids and nucleotides on growth, immune responses and digestive tract development in weaned pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2008; 91:508-18. [PMID: 17988355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sixty-eight (Experiment 1, 46 days feeding) and sixteen (Experiment 2, 21 days feeding) 21-days-old weaned pigs were allotted to four dietary treatments including control, 0.6% organic acids (OA), 0.1% nucleotides (NA) and 0.6% OA plus 0.1% NA for determining the dietary effects. In Experiment 1, OA enhanced peripheral blood mononuclear cells proliferation on day 28 and 46. The plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) A level was elevated by OA (p < 0.06) and NA (p < 0.07), respectively. In Experiment 2, NA increased plasma IgM level, and had an interactive effect with OA on ileal Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph node lymphocyte proliferation, bile and plasma IgA levels, and jejunal crypt depth. NA elevated gastric pepsin and jejunal alkaline phosphatase activities, however, decreased ileal aminopeptidase N, sucrase or maltase activity. These results suggest that OA and NA have synergistically enhanced the gut-associated lymphocyte responses and NA modulates the digestive tract development of weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan, Taiwan
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Chen SF, Yang SF, Li JW, Nieh PC, Lin SY, Fu E, Bai CY, Jin JS, Lin CY, Nieh S. Expression of fascin in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas has prognostic significance - a tissue microarray study of 129 cases. Histopathology 2007; 51:173-83. [PMID: 17650213 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2007.02755.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To elucidate the role of fascin in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by correlation with clinical parameters. METHODS AND RESULTS Paraffin sections using tissue microarrays of 129 patients with OSCC were investigated immunohistochemically. Fascin protein was overexpressed in OSCC cells compared with their non-neoplastic epithelial counterparts. For evaluating the intensity of fascin, 39 (30.2%) were classified as weakly immunoreactive, 76 (58.9%) as moderate reactive and 14 (10.9%) as intensely reactive. For evaluating the distribution of fascin, 64 (49.6%) were classified as < 55% and 65 (50.4%) were classified as >/= 55%. Fascin protein expression was correlated with size or extent of the tumour (P < 0.001), positive lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P = 0.014) and clinical staging (P < 0.001). The immunoreactivity scores of fascin in OSCC were variable but showed significant correlation with histological grade, clinical TNM system and stage. CONCLUSION Expression of fascin protein may play an important role in progression of OSCC. Overexpression of fascin contributes to a more aggressive clinical course and suggests the potential of fascin as a new molecular target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Chen
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abdalla WMA, da Motta ACBS, Lin SY, McCarthy EF, Zinreich SJ. Intraosseous lipoma of the left frontoethmoidal sinuses and nasal cavity. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:615-7. [PMID: 17416808 PMCID: PMC7977338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Intraosseous lipomas are very rare slow-growing benign tumors that may appear as congenital lesions or may be acquired (metaplasia from a pre-existing lipoma). Only a handful of head and neck cases have been reported in the literature. We present the first reported case of a solitary osteolipoma involving the sinonasal tract in a 66-year-old man with sinonasal symptoms. CT showed a lesion involving the left frontal sinus, extending into the ethmoid sinus with insinuation along the left middle turbinate. It appeared to be an atypical mass with areas of high attenuation (calcification) within.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M A Abdalla
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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