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Okamoto H, Hamao S, Eguchi R, Goto H, Takabayashi Y, Yen PYH, Liang LU, Chou CW, Hoffmann G, Gohda S, Sugino H, Liao YF, Ishii H, Kubozono Y. Synthesis of the extended phenacene molecules, [10]phenacene and [11]phenacene, and their performance in a field-effect transistor. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4009. [PMID: 30850618 PMCID: PMC6408568 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39899-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The [10]phenacene and [11]phenacene molecules have been synthesized using a simple repetition of Wittig reactions followed by photocyclization. Sufficient amounts of [10]phenacene and [11]phenacene were obtained, and thin-film FETs using these molecules have been fabricated with SiO2 and ionic liquid gate dielectrics. These FETs operated in p-channel. The averaged measurements of field-effect mobility, <μ>, were 3.1(7) × 10−2 and 1.11(4) × 10−1 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively, for [10]phenacene and [11]phenacene thin-film FETs with SiO2 gate dielectrics. Furthermore, [10]phenacene and [11]phenacene thin-film electric-double-layer (EDL) FETs with ionic liquid showed low-voltage p-channel FET properties, with <μ> values of 3(1) and 1(1) cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. This study also discusses the future utility of the extremely extended π-network molecules [10]phenacene and [11]phenacene as the active layer of FET devices, based on the experimental results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shino Hamao
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Eguchi
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hidenori Goto
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | | | - Paul Yu-Hsiang Yen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Luo Uei Liang
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Chou
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Germar Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Yen-Fa Liao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Hirofumi Ishii
- National Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yoshihiro Kubozono
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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Okamoto H, Takahashi H, Takane T, Nishiyama Y, Kakiuchi K, Gohda S, Yamaji M. Convenient Phenacene Synthesis by Sequentially Performed Wittig Reaction and Mallory Photocyclization Using Continuous-Flow Techniques. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1588775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Various phenacenes possessing chrysene, picene, and fulminene frameworks were prepared by using a continuous-flow synthetic protocol in which Wittig reaction affording diarylethenes and their Mallory photocyclization producing phenacene skeletons were sequentially performed. The Wittig reaction solution, containing the diarylethene obtained from an arylaldehyde and an arylmethyltriphenylphosphonium salt, was mixed with an iodine solution in the flow system and, subsequently, the solution was subjected to the photoreaction. Desired phenacenes were obtained with high to moderate chemical yield. For the present protocol, isolation of the intermediary diarylethene, which is the key precursor of the phenacene, is unnecessary. The approach provides a convenient method to supply a variety of phenacene samples, which are needed for initial systematic surveys in material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Okamoto
- Division of Earth, Life, and Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Haruhiko Takahashi
- Division of Earth, Life, and Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Takamitsu Takane
- Division of Earth, Life, and Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Yasuhiro Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
| | - Kiyomi Kakiuchi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
| | - Shin Gohda
- Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd
| | - Minoru Yamaji
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University
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Kambe T, Nishiyama S, Nguyen HLT, Terao T, Izumi M, Sakai Y, Zheng L, Goto H, Itoh Y, Onji T, Kobayashi TC, Sugino H, Gohda S, Okamoto H, Kubozono Y. Chemical analysis of superconducting phase in K-doped picene. J Phys Condens Matter 2016; 28:444001. [PMID: 27604421 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/44/444001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Potassium-doped picene (K3.0picene) with a superconducting transition temperature (T C) as high as 14 K at ambient pressure has been prepared using an annealing technique. The shielding fraction of this sample was 5.4% at 0 GPa. The T C showed a positive pressure-dependence and reached 19 K at 1.13 GPa. The shielding fraction also reached 18.5%. To investigate the chemical composition and the state of the picene skeleton in the superconducting sample, we used energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, MALDI-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Both EDX and MALDI-TOF indicated no contamination with materials other than K-doped picene or K-doped picene fragments, and supported the preservation of the picene skeleton. However, it was also found that a magnetic K-doped picene sample consisted mainly of picene fragments or K-doped picene fragments. Thus, removal of the component contributing the magnetic quality to a superconducting sample should enhance the volume fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kambe
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Kubozono Y, He X, Hamao S, Teranishi K, Goto H, Eguchi R, Kambe T, Gohda S, Nishihara Y. Transistor Application of Phenacene Molecules and Their Characteristics (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 24/2014). Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201490121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kubozono
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan, http://interfa.rlss.okayama‐u.ac.jp/index.html
- Research Center for New Functional Materials for Energy Production, Storage and Transport, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, ACT‐C, 4‐1‐8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332‐0012, Japan
| | - Xuexia He
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan, http://interfa.rlss.okayama‐u.ac.jp/index.html
| | - Shino Hamao
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan, http://interfa.rlss.okayama‐u.ac.jp/index.html
- Research Center for New Functional Materials for Energy Production, Storage and Transport, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
| | - Kazuya Teranishi
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan, http://interfa.rlss.okayama‐u.ac.jp/index.html
| | - Hidenori Goto
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan, http://interfa.rlss.okayama‐u.ac.jp/index.html
- Research Center for New Functional Materials for Energy Production, Storage and Transport, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Eguchi
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan, http://interfa.rlss.okayama‐u.ac.jp/index.html
- Research Center for New Functional Materials for Energy Production, Storage and Transport, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
| | - Takashi Kambe
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
| | - Shin Gohda
- NARD Co. Ltd., Amagasaki 660‐0805, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nishihara
- Research Center for New Functional Materials for Energy Production, Storage and Transport, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, ACT‐C, 4‐1‐8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332‐0012, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama 700‐8530, Japan
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Kubozono Y, He X, Hamao S, Teranishi K, Goto H, Eguchi R, Kambe T, Gohda S, Nishihara Y. Transistor Application of Phenacene Molecules and Their Characteristics. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Okamoto H, Takane T, Gohda S, Kubozono Y, Sato K, Yamaji M, Satake K. Efficient Synthetic Photocyclization for Phenacenes Using a Continuous Flow Reactor. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.140182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Okamoto
- Division of Earth, Life, and Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | | | - Shin Gohda
- Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd
| | - Yoshihiro Kubozono
- Division of Earth, Life, and Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Kaori Sato
- Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd
| | - Minoru Yamaji
- Division of Molecular Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University
| | - Kyosuke Satake
- Division of Earth, Life, and Molecular Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
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Okamoto H, Hamao S, Goto H, Sakai Y, Izumi M, Gohda S, Kubozono Y, Eguchi R. Transistor application of alkyl-substituted picene. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5048. [PMID: 24854436 PMCID: PMC4031476 DOI: 10.1038/srep05048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Field-effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated with a thin film of 3,10-ditetradecylpicene, picene-(C14H29)2, formed using either a thermal deposition or a deposition from solution (solution process). All FETs showed p-channel normally-off characteristics. The field-effect mobility, μ, in a picene-(C14H29)2 thin-film FET with PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) gate dielectric reached ~21 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is the highest μ value recorded for organic thin-film FETs; the average μ value (<μ>) evaluated from twelve FET devices was 14(4) cm2 V−1 s−1. The <μ> values for picene-(C14H29)2 thin-film FETs with other gate dielectrics such as SiO2, Ta2O5, ZrO2 and HfO2 were greater than 5 cm2 V−1 s−1, and the lowest absolute threshold voltage, |Vth|, (5.2 V) was recorded with a PZT gate dielectric; the average |Vth| for PZT gate dielectric is 7(1) V. The solution-processed picene-(C14H29)2 FET was also fabricated with an SiO2 gate dielectric, yielding μ = 3.4 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1. These results verify the effectiveness of picene-(C14H29)2 for electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shino Hamao
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hidenori Goto
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masanari Izumi
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shin Gohda
- NARD Co. Ltd. Amagasaki, Amagasaki 660-0805, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kubozono
- 1] Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan [2] Research Center of New Functional Materials for Energy Production, Storage and Transport, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Eguchi
- Research Laboratory for Surface Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Eguchi R, He X, Hamao S, Goto H, Okamoto H, Gohda S, Sato K, Kubozono Y. Fabrication of high performance/highly functional field-effect transistor devices based on [6]phenacene thin films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:20611-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53598c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Okamoto H, Yamaji M, Gohda S, Kubozono Y, Komura N, Sato K, Sugino H, Satake K. Facile Synthesis of Picene from 1,2-Di(1-naphthyl)ethane by 9-Fluorenone-Sensitized Photolysis. Org Lett 2011; 13:2758-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200874q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Okamoto
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8350, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd., Nishinagasu-cho 2-6-1, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0805, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamaji
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8350, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd., Nishinagasu-cho 2-6-1, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0805, Japan
| | - Shin Gohda
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8350, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd., Nishinagasu-cho 2-6-1, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0805, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kubozono
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8350, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd., Nishinagasu-cho 2-6-1, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0805, Japan
| | - Noriko Komura
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8350, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd., Nishinagasu-cho 2-6-1, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0805, Japan
| | - Kaori Sato
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8350, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd., Nishinagasu-cho 2-6-1, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0805, Japan
| | - Hisako Sugino
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8350, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd., Nishinagasu-cho 2-6-1, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0805, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Satake
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-8350, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, Material Science Research Group, NARD Institute, Ltd., Nishinagasu-cho 2-6-1, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0805, Japan
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Abstract
We have investigated the conformational preferences of a newly synthesized C(alpha,alpha) symmetrically disubstituted glycine, namely alpha,alpha-dicyclopropylglycine (Dcp). We report here the crystal structure of a fully protected dipeptide containing Dcp, namely Z-Dcp(1)-Dcp(2)-OCH(3). Both Dcp residues are in a folded conformation. The overall peptide structural organization corresponds to an alpha-pleated sheet conformation, similar to that observed in linear peptides made up of alternating D- and L-residues and in Z-Aib-Aib-OCH(3) (Aib: alpha,alpha-dimethylglycine). These preliminary data suggest that the Dcp could represent an alternative as molecular tool to stabilize folded conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G De Simone
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca su Peptidi Bioattivi, di Biocristallografia, CNR, University of Napoli "Federico II," via Mezzocannone 4, I-80134 Napoli, Italy
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Abstract
The disulfide reduction kinetics in equine lysozyme (ELZ), which is a Ca(2+)-binding lysozyme, and human (HLA) and equine alpha-lactalbumin (ELA) at pH 8.5 and 25 degrees C by excess dithiothreitol were studied, and it was found that in ELZ there is no superreactive disulfide bond, while one of the disulfides is reduced very quickly by the reducing agent in HLA and ELA, as in bovine alpha-lactalbumin. The local conformation around the surface disulfide in ELZ seems to be more similar to that in hen egg-white lysozyme than in alpha-lactalbumin. The four disulfides in ELZ were reduced slowly in an apparently single-exponential form, and the bound Ca2+ lowered the reduction rate. The torsion energy on each of the disulfides in three alpha-lactalbumin and eight c-type lysozymes whose native conformations have been experimentally or theoretically analyzed was calculated, and it was found that torsion imposed on the surface disulfide between Cys 6 and Cys 120 in alpha-lactalbumin is a main cause of the superreactivity and all of lysozymes, including the Ca(2+)-binding ones, have no such strained surface bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gohda
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculity of Engineering, Soka University, Tokyo, Japan
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