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Gadhave D, Khot S, Tupe S, Shinde M, Tagalpallewar A, Gorain B, Kokare C. Nose-to-brain delivery of octreotide acetate in situ gel for pituitary adenoma: Pharmacological and in vitro cytotoxicity studies. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Gadhave D, Tupe S, Tagalpallewar A, Gorain B, Choudhury H, Kokare C. Nose-to-brain delivery of amisulpride-loaded lipid-based poloxamer-gellan gum nanoemulgel: In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:121050. [PMID: 34454028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Unfavorable side effects of available antipsychotics limit the use of conventional delivery systems, where limited exposure of the drugs to the systemic circulation could reduce the associated risks. The potential of intranasal delivery is gaining interest to treat brain disorders by delivering the drugs directly to the brain circumventing the tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier with limited systemic exposure of the entrapped therapeutic. Therefore, the present research was aimed to fabricate, optimize and investigate the therapeutic efficacy of amisulpride (AMS)-loaded intranasal in situ nanoemulgel (AMS-NG) in the treatment of schizophrenia. In this context, AMS nanoemulsion (AMS-NE) was prepared by employing aqueous-titration method and optimized using Box-Behnken statistical design. The optimized nanoemulsion was subjected to evaluation of globule size, transmittance, zeta potential, and mucoadhesive strength, which were found to be 92.15 nm, 99.57%, -18.22 mV, and 8.90 g, respectively. The AMS-NE was converted to AMS-NG using poloxamer 407 and gellan gum. Following pharmacokinetic evaluation in Wistar rats, the brain Cmax for intranasal AMS-NG was found to be 1.48-folds and 3.39-folds higher when compared to intranasal AMS-NE and intravenous AMS-NE, respectively. Moreover, behavioral investigations of developed formulations were devoid of any extrapyramidal side effects in the experimental model. Finally, outcomes of the in vivo hematological study confirmed that intranasal administration of formulation for 28 days did not alter leukocytes and agranulocytes count. In conclusion, the promising results of the developed and optimized intranasal AMS-NG could provide a novel platform for the effective and safe delivery of AMS in schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dnyandev Gadhave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, HSBPVTS, GOI, College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Kashti, Ahmednagar 414701, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shrikant Tupe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amol Tagalpallewar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India; School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, MIT World Peace University, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Hira Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chandrakant Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India.
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Abstract
Diabetes has a significant impact upon health in rural Maori communities. A diabetes club was established to support self-care and improve diabetes management in a rural community in Northland, New Zealand. A structured approach to care and an associated audit were also introduced. Patient involvement and ownership of the condition were considered important issues. Monitoring of care processes increased by 79%. The first year of audit was associated with a reduction in mean fructosamine from 369 +/- 85 micromol L-1 to 321 +/- 65 micromol L-1 and this was sustained for a further 3 years. The number of people using insulin increased from 15 to 22%. The audit process facilitated the implementation of changes in the delivery of care. We conclude that the data indicate that the enthusiastic delivery of care in general practice, with a devolution of power to the patient, linked to an audit service can result in improved management among patients with Type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O'Grady
- University of Melbourne, Shepparton, Victoria, Australia.
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