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Lin PY, Lai SP, Wang MC, Liang JJ, Chiang CF, Kuo HW. Environmental health risks perception, attitude, and avoidance behaviour toward municipal solid waste incinerator. Int J Environ Health Res 2018; 28:159-166. [PMID: 29564918 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2018.1453052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the relationship between risk perception, attitude, and avoidance among residents toward an urban incinerator in Taichung, Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted and three schools were enrolled. The case group was composed of 514 residents who live near an incinerator. The control group was composed of 264 people nearly the same age and who have lived in that area basically the same period of time. All participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results of this study showed that there was no significant difference between the exposure group and the control group in risk perception and attitude regarding the incinerator. However, the exposure group showed a significantly higher desire to move within one year or move sometime in the future than the control group. Therefore, these people should encourage the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) to do everything it can to make sure that the incinerator operates safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Yi Lin
- a Transplant Medicine & Surgery Research Centre , Changhua Christian Hospital , Changhua , Taiwan
- b Department of Medical Research , China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Lai
- c Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Min-Chao Wang
- d Department of Environmental Engineering and Management , Chaoyang University of Technology , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Jong Liang
- e Department of Environmental Engineering and Science , Feng Chia University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chow-Feng Chiang
- c Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Wen Kuo
- c Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
- f Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences , National Yang Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan
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Long B, Cheng L, Lai SP, Zhang JW, Sun YL, Lai WX, Zhang HY, Lu Y, Lin DJ, Li XD. Tuberculosis-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an umbilical cord blood transplant recipient. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 468:111-113. [PMID: 28040556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and potentially fatal condition that can be primary or secondary. Secondary HLH due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is uncommon. We report a case of tuberculosis-associated HLH in an umbilical cord blood transplant (UCBT) recipient and discuss its clinical characteristics and challenges. METHODS Hematologic investigations, bone marrow aspirates, Xpert MTB/RIF test of TB with peripheral blood were performed. Immune modulation with anti-TB therapy was initiated. RESULTS Subsequent treatment with anti-TB treatment resulted rapid clinical response and disease remission. CONCLUSION It is important to consider TB as one of the underlying cause of HLH in high-risk patients, particularly those in immunodeficient states. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the survival rates of patients with tuberculosis-associated HLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Long
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, First People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu-Ping Lai
- Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing-Wen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ling Sun
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xin Lai
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Jun Lin
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Dong Li
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Long B, Wang LX, Zheng FM, Lai SP, Xu DR, Hu Y, Lin DJ, Zhang XZ, Dong L, Long ZJ, Tong XZ, Liu Q. Targeting GLI1 Suppresses Cell Growth and Enhances Chemosensitivity in CD34+ Enriched Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progenitor Cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2016; 38:1288-302. [PMID: 27008269 DOI: 10.1159/000443075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Resistance of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) to chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) causes relapse of disease. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays a critical role in the maintenance and differentiation of cancer stem cells. Yet its role in AML remains controversial. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of GLI1, the transcriptional activator of Hh signaling, in AML progenitor cells and to explore the anti-AML effects of GLI small-molecule inhibitor GANT61. METHODS The expression of GLI1 mRNA and protein were examined in AML progenitor cells and normal cells. The proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis and differentiation of AML progenitor cells were also analyzed in the presence of GANT61. RESULTS Kasumi-1 and KG1a cells, containing more CD34+ cells, expressed higher level of GLI1 compared to U937 and NB4 cells with fewer CD34+ cells. Consistently, a positive correlation between the protein levels of GLI1 and CD34 was validated in the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) of AML patients tested. GANT61 inhibited the proliferation and colony formation in AML cell lines. Importantly, GANT61 induced apoptosis in CD34+ enriched Kasumi-1 and KG1a cells, whereas it induced differentiation in U937 and NB4 cells. Furthermore, GANT61 enhanced the cytotoxicity of cytarabine (Ara-c) in primary CD34+ AML cells, indicating that inhibition of GLI1 could be a promising strategy to enhance chemosensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggested that Hh signaling was activated in AML progenitor cells. GLI1 acted as a potential target for AML therapy.
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Zhang HB, Zhao JH, Lai JH, Chen T, Li SB, Lai SP. [The study of HLA-Cw polymorphism in Uygur population]. Yi Chuan 2003; 25:549-51. [PMID: 15639927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The HLA-Cw loci polymorphism in Uygur population was investigated using the PCR- sequence specific oligonucleotide probe (SSOP) method,and the genetic database on the distribution of gene frequency of the HLA-Cw loci was established. From 146 individuals of Uygur population,18 HLA-Cw alleles were detected. The gene frequency was from 0.0069 to 0.2460. The four most common alleles were HLA-Cw*04(24.60%),07(11.51%),08(10 10%),14(12.02%),and they covered 58.23% of total alleles detected from Uygur population.We have made a survey of HLA-Cw alleles frequencies in a Uygur population,with blank frequency being lowered to 0.0064. The distribution of genotype frequencies met the law of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by hi-square test. The frequency data can be used in forensic and paternity tests to estimate the frequency of a DNA profile in the Uygur population,transplant matching and anthropology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Zhang
- National Laboratory of Forensic Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Yan CX, Song YP, Lai SP, Lai JH, Zhang HB, Zhao JH, Li SB. Analysis of DNA polymorphism at HLA-A locus by PCR amplification with sequence specific oligonucleotide probe in Chinese Han and Uygur populations. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2002; 29:384-9. [PMID: 12043563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
To determine HLA-A genetic polymorphism in Chinese populations and establish ethnic genetic database, 165 Han and 162 Uygur subjects were investigated with a non-isotopic and sensitive method PCR-SSOP. 22 alleles were identified in Han with the most frequent allele being HLA-A * 1101 (19.7%), followed by * 0201 (12.72%). Also, 22 alleles were identified in Uygur with * 2407 (17.90%) being the most frequent one and the frequencies of following alleles: * 0201, * 0101, * 3301 were higher than 10%. HLA-A * 0203, * 0205, * 0210, * 0302, * 2403 and * 3302 were only detected in Han; meanwhile * 0205, * 0211, * 2301, * 2502, * 68012 and * 6802 were only in Uygur. According to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, each allele showed no significant (P > 0.05) deviation between the expected frequency and the observed one. Heterozygosity (H), discrimination power (DP) and probability of paternity exclusion (EPP) of HLA-A locus from Han nationality were computed to be 0.9029, 0.9776 and 0.8592; and those from Uygur as 0.9063, 0.9379 and 0.7885. These results suggest that HLA-A DNA polymorphism and the database of two Chinese populations have useful applications in processing forensic casework (as personal identification, paternity test), tracing population migration and genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xia Yan
- National Laboratory of Forensic Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Lai SP, Ren HM, Hu HT, Li SB, Lai JH, Yan CX, Zhang HB, Zhao JH. [HLA-DRB alleles polymorphism in Han, Hui, Uygur and Tibetan populations in northwestern China]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2000; 26:447-57. [PMID: 10665220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
According to the 11th THW standard, we designed a pair of primers by which a segment of 256bp of HLA-DRB1, B3, B4, and B5 could be amplified simultaneously. Twenty-seven oligonucleotide probes were designed and synthesized for 39 loci on DRB1, 3 on DRB3, 1 on DRB4 and 3 on DRB5. A PCR-SSO DNA typing protocol was built, which met the standard of HLA class II DNA typing in 11th IHW. With this method, 186 of Chinese (Han) in Xi'an, 169 of Hui in Ningxia, 200 of Uygur in Xinjiang, and 188 of Tibetan in Tibet were detected with a comparison study. The genetic distribution of 46 loci of DRB in four ethnic healthy populations were surveyed. No diversity has been found between Han and Hui in DRB. DRB1 * 02(16.9%), DRB1 * 07 (13.1%), and DRB1 * 09(12.0%) were the higher frequent loci in Han. More DRB loci were detected in Tibetan but without higher loci as in Han and Hui. The DRB polymorphism of Uygur population was similar to Caucasian. A discriminative highest frequency of DRB1 * 07(23.8%) was found in Uygur, which implied a selection happened.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Lai
- Immunogenetics Center of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an
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Lai SP, Watson JC, Hansen JN, Sze H. Molecular cloning and sequencing of cDNAs encoding the proteolipid subunit of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase from a higher plant. J Biol Chem 1991; 266:16078-84. [PMID: 1831453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the molecular structure of the vacuolar H(+)-translocating ATPase from plants, cDNAs encoding the N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding 16-kDa proteolipid from oat (Avena sativa L. var. Lang) have been obtained. A synthetic oligonucleotide corresponding to a region of the bovine proteolipid cDNA (Mandel, M., Moriyama, Y., Hulmes, J.D., Pan, Y.-C.E., Nelson, H., and Nelson, N. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 5521-5524) was used to screen an oat cDNA library constructed in lambda gt11. The nucleotide sequences of several positive clones (VATP-P1, clones 12, 54, 93) demonstrated the presence of a small multigene family. The four clones showed extensive divergence in their codon usage and their 3'-untranslated regions; however, the deduced amino acid sequences of the proteins were 97-99% identical. These clones encoded the proteolipid subunit as one of them (clone 12) expressed a fusion protein that reacted with an antibody to the 16-kDa proteolipid. The open reading frame of one cDNA clone (VATP-P1) predicted a polypeptide of 165 amino acids with a molecular mass of 16,641. Based on hydropathy plots, a molecule with four membrane-spanning domains was predicted, in which domain IV was especially conserved among different species. This domain showed 80% identity in nucleotide or amino acid sequences between the oat and the bovine proteolipids and contained a glutamate residue that is the putative N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding residue. The presence of a small multigene family of the 16-kDa proteolipid was confirmed by Southern blot analysis showing that several distinct restriction fragments of oat nuclear DNA hybridized with the VATP-P1 cDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Lai
- Department of Botany, University of Maryland, College Park 20742
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Lai SP, Randall SK, Sze H. Peripheral and integral subunits of the tonoplast H+-ATPase from oat roots. J Biol Chem 1988; 263:16731-7. [PMID: 2903155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The subunit organization of the tonoplast H+-pumping ATPase from oat roots (Avena sativa L. var. Lang) was investigated. Tonoplast vesicles were treated with low ionic strength solutions (0.1 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid buffer or 0.1 mM Na EDTA), carbonate, or a chaotropic reagent (KI), and then centrifuged to give a soluble fraction and a pellet. Treatments with low ionic strength solutions or KI resulted in 70-80% reduction in the membrane-associated ATPase activity, but did not affect the K+-stimulated pyrophosphatase activity. Polypeptides of 72, 60, and 41 kDa were solubilized from tonoplast vesicles by these wash treatments. These polypeptides reacted with polyclonal antibodies against the holoenzyme of tonoplast ATPase (anti-ATPase) and copurified with the tonoplast ATPase activity during gel filtration chromatography (Sepharose CL-6B). Mono-specific antibody against the 72- or 60-kDa polypeptide reacted with the solubilized 72- or 60-kDa polypeptide, respectively. However, the N,N-[14C]dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding 16-kDa polypeptide and a 13-kDa polypeptide that also reacted with anti-ATPase and copurified with the tonoplast ATPase activity during gel filtration remained in the pellets after the wash treatments. We conclude that the 72- and 60-kDa polypeptides appear to be peripheral subunits of the tonoplast ATPase and that the 16-kDa polypeptide is probably embedded in the membrane bilayer. Additional subunits of the ATPase complex may include a 41-kDa (peripheral) and a 13-kDa (integral) polypeptide. Based on these results, a working model of the tonoplast ATPase analogous to the F1F0-ATPase is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Lai
- Department of Botany, University of Maryland, College Park 20742
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Overbeek PA, Lai SP, Van Quill KR, Westphal H. Tissue-specific expression in transgenic mice of a fused gene containing RSV terminal sequences. Science 1986; 231:1574-7. [PMID: 3006249 DOI: 10.1126/science.3006249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic mice were generated with pRSV-CAT, a chimeric gene construct containing the long terminal repeat of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) linked to the bacterial gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT). CAT expression, detected in adult animals of five independent strains, was preferentially directed to organs rich in tendon, bone, and muscle. This pattern reflects the disease specificity of the intact virus and suggests that the tissue tropism of RSV is determined at least in part by the presence of endogenous tissue-specific factors that can promote expression of genetic information linked to the long terminal repeat. In two of the mouse strains, insertion of the pRSV-CAT DNA resulted in developmental abnormalities. One of these strains was characterized by a dominant trait of embryonic lethality, the other by a recessive trait of fused toes in all four feet.
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Kitchingman GR, Lai SP, Westphal H. Loop structures in hybrids of early RNA and the separated strands of adenovirus DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1977; 74:4392-5. [PMID: 270682 PMCID: PMC431948 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.74.10.4392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Separated strands of adenovirus DNA were annealed with early cytoplasmic RNA and visualized in the electron microscope. DNA-RNA duplex regions within the DNA filaments could be recognized by their heavy contour. This contour was often interrupted at distinct locations by loops of displaced, single-stranded DNA. Loops have been observed and mapped in all four early regions of the genome. The structures appear to signal hitherto unknown mechanisms of eukaryotic gene expression.
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Meyer J, Neuwald PD, Lai SP, Maizel JV, Westphal H. Electron microscopy of late adenovirus type 2 mRNA hybridized to double-stranded viral DNA. J Virol 1977; 21:1010-8. [PMID: 850302 PMCID: PMC515641 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.21.3.1010-1018.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
R loops were generated with late adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) mRNA in double-stranded viral DNA, and visualized by electron microscopy. Unpaired DNA sequences in Ad2:Ad2+ND4 heteroduplex DNA served as a visual marker for the orientation of R loops with respect to the conventional DNA map. The most abundant classes of late Ad2 mRNA observed by this technique hybridized, in order of R-loop frequency, with midpoints near posit1ons 0.57, 0.88, 0.77, and 0.40 to 0.50 of the DNA map. The R loop at position 0.57, 0.88, 0.77, and 0.40 containing the hexon gene; the one at position 0.88 corresponded to a region containing the fiber gene. The relative frequencies of these two R loops paralleled those of the encoded gene products. The mRNA sizes, calculated from those of the respective R loops, were slightly larger than needed to code for these polypeptides. Using the R-loop technique, two locations at which adjacent mRNA's hybridized to different strands were accurately mapped at positions 0.61 and 0.91 of the DNA. The map positions of late Ad2 mRNA correlated well to published RNA and protein maps.
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Westphal H, Eron L, Ferdinand FJ, Callahan R, Lai SP. Analysis of adenovirus type 2 gene functions by cell-free translation of viral messenger RNA. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1974; 39 Pt 1:575-9. [PMID: 1057483 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1974.039.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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