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Miyatake Y, Kuribayashi-Shigetomi K, Ohta Y, Ikeshita S, Subagyo A, Sueoka K, Kakugo A, Amano M, Takahashi T, Okajima T, Kasahara M. Visualising the dynamics of live pancreatic microtumours self-organised through cell-in-cell invasion. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14054. [PMID: 30232338 PMCID: PMC6145923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) reportedly progresses very rapidly through the initial carcinogenesis stages including DNA damage and disordered cell death. However, such oncogenic mechanisms are largely studied through observational diagnostic methods, partly because of a lack of live in vitro tumour imaging techniques. Here we demonstrate a simple live-tumour in vitro imaging technique using micro-patterned plates (micro/nanoplates) that allows dynamic visualisation of PDAC microtumours. When PDAC cells were cultured on a micro/nanoplate overnight, the cells self-organised into non-spheroidal microtumours that were anchored to the micro/nanoplate through cell-in-cell invasion. This self-organisation was only efficiently induced in small-diameter rough microislands. Using a time-lapse imaging system, we found that PDAC microtumours actively stretched to catch dead cell debris via filo/lamellipoedia and suction, suggesting that they have a sophisticated survival strategy (analogous to that of starving animals), which implies a context for the development of possible therapies for PDACs. The simple tumour imaging system visualises a potential of PDAC cells, in which the aggressive tumour dynamics reminds us of the need to review traditional PDAC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Miyatake
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Kaori Kuribayashi-Shigetomi
- Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. .,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Ohta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shunji Ikeshita
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Agus Subagyo
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Creative Research Institution Sousei, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sueoka
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Kakugo
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maho Amano
- Research Development Section, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Takaharu Okajima
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Miyatake Y, Ohta Y, Ikeshita S, Kasahara M. Anchorage-dependent multicellular aggregate formation induces a quiescent stem-like intractable phenotype in pancreatic cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29845-29856. [PMID: 30042817 PMCID: PMC6057455 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal refractory cancers. Aggressive features in PDAC cells have been well studied, but those exhibited by a population of PDAC cells are largely unknown. We show here that coculture with epithelial-like feeder cells confers more malignant phenotypes upon PDAC cells forming anchorage-dependent multicellular aggregates (Ad-MCAs, a behavior of collective cells), in vitro. When CD44v3-10high/CD44slow PDAC cell lines, which exhibited an epithelial phenotype before the onset of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), were cocultured with a monolayer of HEK293T cells overnight, they formed Ad-MCAs on the feeder layer and acquired gemcitabine resistance. CD44v8-10 expression was dramatically increased and Ki-67 staining decreased, suggesting that PDAC cells forming Ad-MCAs acquired cancer stem cell (CSC)-like intractable properties. We found that highly downregulated genes in PDAC cells cocultured with HEK293T cells were significantly upregulated in malignant lesions from pancreatic cancer patients. Our work implies that PDAC cells forming Ad-MCAs partially return to a normal tissue gene profile before the onset of EMT. The collective cell behavior like Ad-MCA formation by PDAC cells may mimic critical events that occur in cancer cells at the very early phase of metastatic colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Miyatake
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shunji Ikeshita
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masanori Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Kiuchi S, Ikeshita S, Miyatake Y, Kasahara M. Pancreatic cancer cells express CD44 variant 9 and multidrug resistance protein 1 during mitosis. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 98:41-6. [PMID: 25481101 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers with high metastatic potential and strong chemoresistance. Its intractable natures are attributed to high robustness in tumor cells for their survival. We demonstrate here that pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) with an epithelial phenotype upregulate cell surface expression of CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9), an important cancer stem cell marker, during the mitotic phases of the cell cycle. Of five human CD44(+) PCC lines examined, three cell lines, PCI-24, PCI-43 and PCI-55, expressed E-cadherin and CD44 variants, suggesting that they have an epithelial phenotype. By contrast, PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells expressed vimentin and ZEB1, suggesting that they have a mesenchymal phenotype. PCCs with an epithelial phenotype upregulated cell surface expression of CD44v9 in prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase and downregulated CD44v9 expression in late-telophase, cytokinesis and interphase. Sorted CD44v9-negative PCI-55 cells resumed CD44v9 expression when they re-entered the mitotic stage. Interestingly, CD44v9(bright) mitotic cells expressed multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) intracellularly. Upregulated expression of CD44v9 and MDR1 might contribute to the intractable nature of PCCs with high proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizuka Kiuchi
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shunji Ikeshita
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yukiko Miyatake
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Masanori Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Miyatake Y, Sheehy N, Ikeshita S, Hall WW, Kasahara M. Anchorage-dependent multicellular aggregate formation induces CD44 high cancer stem cell-like ATL cells in an NF-κB- and vimentin-dependent manner. Cancer Lett 2014; 357:355-363. [PMID: 25448402 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an intractable T-cell malignancy accompanied by massive invasion of lymphoma cells into various tissues. We demonstrate here that ATL cells cultured on a layer of epithelial-like feeder cells form anchorage-dependent multicellular aggregates (Ad-MCAs) and that a fraction of MCA-forming ATL cells acquire CD44 high cancer stem cell-like phenotypes. ATL cells forming Ad-MCAs displayed extracellular microvesicles with enhanced expression of CD44v9 at cell synapses, augmented expression of multidrug resistance protein 1, and increased NF-κB activity. Blockade of the NF-κB pathway dramatically reduced Ad-MCA formation by ATL cells and the emergence of CD44 high ATL cells, but left a considerable number of ATL cells adhering to the feeder layer. Disruption of vimentin cytoskeleton by treatment with withaferin A, a natural steroidal lactone, suppressed not only the adhesion of ATL cells to the feeder layer but also subsequent Ad-MCA formation by ATL cells, suggesting the involvement of vimentin in anchoring ATL cells to the feeder layer. Ad-MCA formation by ATL cells on a layer of epithelial-like feeder cells may mimic critical events that occur in metastatic colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Miyatake
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Noreen Sheehy
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Shunji Ikeshita
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - William W Hall
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Masanori Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Ikeshita S, Miyatake Y, Otsuka N, Kasahara M. MICA/B expression in macrophage foam cells infiltrating atherosclerotic plaques. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 97:171-5. [PMID: 24997223 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Infiltrating macrophages accumulate in fatty streak lesions and transform into foam cells, leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Inflammatory mechanisms underlying the plaque formation mediated by NKG2D-positive lymphocytes such as CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells and natural killer T cells have been extensively investigated. Yet, the involvement of the NKG2D system itself remains poorly understood. Recent work in mouse models has shown that blockade of an NKG2D receptor-ligand interaction reduces plaque formation and suppresses inflammation in aortae. In this study, we conducted immunohistochemical analysis of NKG2D ligand expression in autopsy-derived aortic specimens. Foam cells expressing NKG2D ligands MICA/B were found in advanced atherosclerotic lesions accompanied by a large necrotic core or hemorrhage. Human monocyte-derived macrophages treated in vitro with acetylated low-density lipoproteins enhanced expression of MICA/B and scavenger receptor A, thus accounting for NKG2D ligand expression in foam cells infiltrating atherosclerotic plaques. Our results suggest that, as in mice, the NKG2D system might be involved in the development of atherosclerosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Ikeshita
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yukiko Miyatake
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Otsuka
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masanori Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Stokkermans TJ, Ikeshita S, Cohn J, Carlson RW, Stacey G, Ogawa T, Peters NK. Structural requirements of synthetic and natural product lipo-chitin oligosaccharides for induction of nodule primordia on Glycine soja. Plant Physiol 1995; 108:1587-95. [PMID: 7659753 PMCID: PMC157539 DOI: 10.1104/pp.108.4.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Rhizobia synthesize a class of lipo-chitin oligosaccharides that induce root hair deformation and induce the initiation of nodule structures on legume roots. These lipo-chitin oligosaccharides are tetra- and penta-lipo-oligosaccharides of N-acetylglucosamine with an acyl substitution on the nonreducing end and are commonly known as Nod factors. In this study, we demonstrate that synthetic analogs of natural product Nod factors have the same biological activities. To determine structure-activity relationships, a collection of synthetic and natural product lipo-chitin oligosaccharides was assayed on Glycine soja. All biologically active lipo-chitin oligosaccharides induced both root hair deformation and nodule initiations on G. soja. The most active lipo-chitin oligosaccharides deformed root hairs at 10(-15) M and induced nodules at 1 ng of lipo-chitin oligosaccharide per spot inoculation. Plant responses demonstrate an interdependence of backbone length and the presence of substitutions on the reducing end. Lipo-chitin oligosaccharides containing four N-acetylglucosamine residues were active only without a reducing end modification, whereas lipo-chitin oligosaccharides containing five N-acetylglucosamine residues were active only with reducing end modification. The plant thus recognizes lipo-chitin oligosaccharides without reducing end substitutions despite the importance of these modifications for host range.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Stokkermans
- Ohio State Biotechnology Center, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1002, USA
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Ikeshita S, Nakahara Y, Ogawa T. Synthetic studies on the lipooligosaccharide Nod Bj-IV (C18:1, Fuc, Gro) produced by Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain USDA61. Carbohydr Res 1995; 266:C1-6. [PMID: 7697654 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(94)00368-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ikeshita
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama, Japan
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Ikeshita S, Nakahara Y, Ogawa T. Synthesis of lipooligosaccharide nodulation signals NodBj-V(RCO, MeFuc) and NodBj-IV(RCO, MeFuc) of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Glycoconj J 1994; 11:257-61. [PMID: 7841801 DOI: 10.1007/bf00731226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ikeshita
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama, Japan
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