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Ismail NA, Matawali A, Kanak FA, Lee PC, How SE, Goh LPW, Gansau JA. Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical properties of Blumea balsamifera against pathogenic microorganisms. J Med Life 2022; 15:951-954. [PMID: 36188644 PMCID: PMC9514820 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been widely used in healthcare based on traditional knowledge. We investigated the antimicrobial activities and phytochemical contents of a plant known as Blumea balsamifera (B. balsamifera), which Sabah native people have used for health benefits. Methanolic extracts and fractions of the leaves of B. balsamifera were tested for their phytochemical contents and their antimicrobial activities against four Gram-negative and five Gram-positive strains of bacteria. The extracts of B. balsamifera showed antimicrobial activities against three Gram-positive, and one Gram-negative bacteria, with the zone of inhibition ranging from 7.8 mm±0.41 to 10.5 mm±0.71. Fraction CE.F7 exerted the broadest antimicrobial activity towards four Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. The phytochemical constituents identified in the extracts were alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, and cardiac glycosides. The plant extract demonstrated antimicrobial activities and contained multiple phytochemical constituents. Further investigations into potential antimicrobial agents containing promising fractions would validate the medicinal properties of B. balsamifera used in Sabah.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Ain Ismail
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Azlinah Matawali
- Preparatory Centre for Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Fadzilah Awang Kanak
- Preparatory Centre for Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Ping-Chin Lee
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia,Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Eng How
- Industrial Chemistry Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Lucky Poh Wah Goh
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jualang Azlan Gansau
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia,Corresponding Author: Jualang Azlan Gansau, Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia. E-mail:
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Tsong JL, Goh LPW, Gansau JA, How SE. Review of Nephelium lappaceum and Nephelium ramboutan-ake: A High Potential Supplement. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26227005. [PMID: 34834094 PMCID: PMC8620321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26227005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephelium lappaceum (N. lappaceum) and Nephelium ramboutan-ake (N. ramboutan-ake) are tropical fruits that gain popularity worldwide due to their tastiness. Currently, their potential to be used as pharmaceutical agents is underestimated. Chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes and aging have high incidence rates in the modern world. Furthermore, pharmaceutical agents targeting pathogenic microorganisms have been hampered by the growing of antimicrobial resistance threats. The idea of food therapy leads to extensive nutraceuticals research on the potential of exotic fruits such as N. lappaceum and N. ramboutan-ake to act as supplements. Phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds that present in the fruit act as potent antioxidants that contribute to the protective effects against diseases induced by oxidative stress. Fruit residuals such as the peel and seeds hold greater nutraceutical potential than the edible part. This review highlights the antioxidant and biological activities (anti-neoplastic, anti-microbial, hypoglycemic actions and anti-aging), and chemical contents of different parts of N. lappaceum and N. ramboutan-ake. These fruits contain a diverse and important chemical profile that can alleviate or cure diseases.
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Mashimo Y, Yoshioka M, Tokunaga Y, Fockenberg C, Terada S, Koyama Y, Shibata-Seki T, Yoshimoto K, Sakai R, Hakariya H, Liu L, Akaike T, Kobatake E, How SE, Uesugi M, Chen Y, Kamei KI. Fabrication of a Multiplexed Artificial Cellular MicroEnvironment Array. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30247461 DOI: 10.3791/57377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular microenvironments consist of a variety of cues, such as growth factors, extracellular matrices, and intercellular interactions. These cues are well orchestrated and are crucial in regulating cell functions in a living system. Although a number of researchers have attempted to investigate the correlation between environmental factors and desired cellular functions, much remains unknown. This is largely due to the lack of a proper methodology to mimic such environmental cues in vitro, and simultaneously test different environmental cues on cells. Here, we report an integrated platform of microfluidic channels and a nanofiber array, followed by high-content single-cell analysis, to examine stem cell phenotypes altered by distinct environmental factors. To demonstrate the application of this platform, this study focuses on the phenotypes of self-renewing human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Here, we present the preparation procedures for a nanofiber array and the microfluidic structure in the fabrication of a Multiplexed Artificial Cellular MicroEnvironment (MACME) array. Moreover, overall steps of the single-cell profiling, cell staining with multiple fluorescent markers, multiple fluorescence imaging, and statistical analyses, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Mashimo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Momoko Yoshioka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Yumie Tokunaga
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | | | - Shiho Terada
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Yoshie Koyama
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Teiko Shibata-Seki
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Koki Yoshimoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Risako Sakai
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Hayase Hakariya
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Li Liu
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University
| | - Toshihiro Akaike
- Biomaterials Center for Regenerative Medical Engineering, Foundation for Advancement of International Science
| | - Eiry Kobatake
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Siew-Eng How
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University; Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
| | - Yong Chen
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University; Ecole Normale Supérieure
| | - Ken-Ichiro Kamei
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University;
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Kamei KI, Mashimo Y, Yoshioka M, Tokunaga Y, Fockenberg C, Terada S, Koyama Y, Nakajima M, Shibata-Seki T, Liu L, Akaike T, Kobatake E, How SE, Uesugi M, Chen Y. Microfluidic-Nanofiber Hybrid Array for Screening of Cellular Microenvironments. Small 2017; 13:1603104. [PMID: 28272774 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular microenvironments are generally sophisticated, but crucial for regulating the functions of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Despite tremendous effort in this field, the correlation between the environmental factors-especially the extracellular matrix and soluble cell factors-and the desired cellular functions remains largely unknown because of the lack of appropriate tools to recapitulate in vivo conditions and/or simultaneously evaluate the interplay of different environment factors. Here, a combinatorial platform is developed with integrated microfluidic channels and nanofibers, associated with a method of high-content single-cell analysis, to study the effects of environmental factors on stem cell phenotype. Particular attention is paid to the dependence of hPSC short-term self-renewal on the density and composition of extracellular matrices and initial cell seeding densities. Thus, this combinatorial approach provides insights into the underlying chemical and physical mechanisms that govern stem cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Kamei
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Mashimo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Momoko Yoshioka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yumie Tokunaga
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Christopher Fockenberg
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shiho Terada
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshie Koyama
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Minako Nakajima
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Teiko Shibata-Seki
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Li Liu
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Akaike
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
- Biomaterials Center for Regenerative Medical Engineering, Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Kasuga, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-0821, Japan
| | - Eiry Kobatake
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Siew-Eng How
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 88400, Malaysia
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yong Chen
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 Rue Lhomond, Paris, 75005, France
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Duffy CRE, Zhang R, How SE, Lilienkampf A, Tourniaire G, Hu W, West CC, de Sousa P, Bradley M. A high-throughput polymer microarray approach for identifying defined substrates for mesenchymal stem cells. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:1683-1692. [PMID: 32481948 DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00112e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise in regenerative medicine due to their wide multilineage potential as well as their ability to suppress/modulate the immune response. Maintaining these cells in vitro and expanding them on a clinically relevant scale remains a challenge that needs to be addressed to realise their full potential. Current culture methods for MSCs typically rely on animal sourced substrates and often result in a heterogeneous population of cells with varying degrees of differentiation capacity. Here, a high-throughput platform was used to identify synthetic substrates for MSC culture that not only facilitated growth but also maintained the MSC phenotype. Two polymers, PU157 (synthesised from poly(butyleneglycol) and 4,4'-methylenediphenyldiisocyanate with 3-(dimethylamino)-1,2-propanediol as a chain extender) and PA338 (N-methylaniline modified poly(methylmethacrylate-co-glycidylmethacrylate)) were able to maintain the growth and phenotype of human embryonic derived mesenchymal progenitors (hES-MPs) and adipose derived MSCs (ADMSCs) for five and ten passages, respectively. Cell phenotype and multipotency were confirmed by flow cytometry analysis of ten MSC markers and differentiation analysis. These new polymer substrates provide a chemically defined synthetic surface for efficient, long-term MSC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cairnan R E Duffy
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.
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How SE, Unciti-Broceta A, Sánchez-Martín RM, Bradley M. Solid-phase synthesis of a lysine-capped bis-dendron with remarkable DNA delivery abilities. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:2266-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b804771e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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How SE, Yingyongnarongkul B, Fara MA, Díaz-Mochón JJ, Mittoo S, Bradley M. Polyplexes and lipoplexes for mammalian gene delivery: from traditional to microarray screening. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2004; 7:423-30. [PMID: 15320709 DOI: 10.2174/1386207043328616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy requires the development of non-toxic and highly efficient delivery systems for DNA and RNAi. Polycations, especially dendrimers, have shown enormous potential as gene transfer vehicles, displaying minimal toxicity with a broad range of cell lines. In this paper, a total of 13 dendrimers, up to G3.0, were constructed from AB(3) type isocyanate monomers using solid phase methodology and evaluated for transfection activity. Among the library of compounds prepared, a G3.0 dendrimer displayed comparable activity to Superfect. Gel retardation assays demonstrated that all of the compounds completely bound plasmid DNA, indicating the efficient formation of complexes between DNA and the dendrimers. A "transfection microarray" approach was developed for screening these compounds as well as a panel of lipoplexes (complexes of DNA with cationic lipids) and polyplexes (complexes of DNA with synthetic polycationic polymers), in 3D solution like micro-assay). Five cationic lipids with a cholesterol tail showed stronger or comparable transfection activity relative to Effectene. The new, micro-array screening method was rapid and miniaturized, offering the potential of high throughput screening of large libraries of transfection candidates, with thousands of library members per array, and the ability to rapidly screen a broad range of cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E How
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO171BJ, UK
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Yingyongnarongkul BE, How SE, Díaz-Mochón JJ, Muzerelle M, Bradley M. Parallel and multiplexed bead-based assays and encoding strategies. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2004; 6:577-87. [PMID: 14683488 DOI: 10.2174/138620703771981179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Advances in high throughput screening (HTS), together with the rapid progress in combinatorial chemistry, genomic and proteomic sciences have dramatically stimulated the development of a variety tools to enable the drug discovery process to become more efficient. Major future challenges in HTS include obtaining high density and good quality data based on assays that are rapid, reliable, inexpensive, sensitive, simple and miniaturised. This paper reviews the development and role of bead-based assays for HTS including DNA and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assays, particularly from a multiplex perspective and evaluating the recent advances in bead-based arrays. The encoding strategies that are commonly used in bead-based assays are highlighted, while the importance of magnetic beads in genomic and proteomic purifications is discussed. In conclusion, bead-based assays offer a powerful promising approach for many aspects of drug discovery.
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Lebreton S, How SE, Buchholz M, Yingyongnarongkul BE, Bradley M. Solid-phase construction: high efficiency dendrimer synthesis using AB3 isocyanate-type monomers. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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