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Budui S, Bigolin F, Giordano F, Leoni S, Berteotti M, Sartori E, Franceschini L, Taddei M, Salvetti S, Castiglioni F, Gilli F, Skafidas S, Schena F, Petroni ML, Busetto L. Effects of an Intensive Inpatient Rehabilitation Program in Elderly Patients with Obesity. Obes Facts 2019; 12:199-210. [PMID: 30928989 PMCID: PMC6547270 DOI: 10.1159/000497461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the short-term effectiveness of an intensive inpatient multidimensional rehabilitation program (MRP), including diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy, in elderly patients with severe obesity. METHODS Forty-four elderly patients (old; age 69.3 ± 3.5 years, BMI 41.9 ± 14.9) were analyzed against 215 younger patients (young; age 48.2 ± 18.5 years, BMI 43.9 ± 9.4), who were used as controls. All patients underwent MRP, based on group therapy guided by a multidisciplinary team (physicians, dietitians, exercise trainers, psychologists). We evaluated changes in anthropometry, cardiovascular risk factors, physical fitness, quality of life, and eating behavior. RESULTS After 3 weeks of MRP, we observed a reduction in body weight (old -3.8%, young -4.3%), BMI (old -3.9%, young -4.4%), waist circumference (old -3.4%, young -4.1%), total cholesterol (old -14.0%, young -15.0%), and fasting glucose (old -8.3%, young -8.1%), as well as improved performance in the Six-Minute-Walk Test (old +28.7%, young +15.3%), chair-stand test (old +24.8%, young +26.9%), and arm-curl test (old +15.2%, young +27.3%). Significant improvement was registered in all other analyzed domains. CONCLUSION Our 3-week MRP provided significant clinical and functional improvement, which was similar between elderly and younger patients with severe obesity. In the long-term, this may be translated into better quality of life, through better management of obesity-associated morbidities and reduced frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Budui
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Francesco Bigolin
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Giordano
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Stefania Leoni
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Michela Berteotti
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Erica Sartori
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Laura Franceschini
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Micol Taddei
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Sabrina Salvetti
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Fulvio Castiglioni
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Federica Gilli
- CeRiSM, Centro Ricerca Sport Montagna e Salute, Università di Verona, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Spyros Skafidas
- CeRiSM, Centro Ricerca Sport Montagna e Salute, Università di Verona, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- CeRiSM, Centro Ricerca Sport Montagna e Salute, Università di Verona, Rovereto, Italy
| | - M Letizia Petroni
- "Centro per la Cura dell'Obesità," Casa di Cura "Solatrix,", Rovereto, Italy
| | - Luca Busetto
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy,
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Rossi AP, Budui S, Zoico E, Caliari C, Mazzali G, Fantin F, D'Urbano M, Paganelli R, Zamboni M. Role of Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines on Muscle Mass and Performance Changes in Elderly Men and Women. J Frailty Aging 2018; 6:65-71. [PMID: 28555705 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2017.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Investigate the presence of a correlation between systemic inflammatory profile of community-dwelling individuals and the loss of muscular mass and performance in old age over a 4.5y follow-up, focusing on the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines in muscular changes in elderly. DESIGN Longitudinal clinical study. SETTING Subjects were randomly selected from lists of 11 general practitioners in the city of Verona, Italy. PARTICIPANTS The study included 120 subjects, 92 women and 28 men aged 72.27±2.06 years and with BMI of 26.52±4.07 kg/m2 at baseline. MEASUREMENTS Six minutes walking test (6MWT), appendicular and leg fat free mass (FFM) as measured with Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry, were obtained at baseline and after 4.5 years (4.5y) of mean follow-up. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and circulating levels of TNFα, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 were evaluated at baseline. RESULTS A significant reduction of appendicular FFM, leg FFM and 6MWT performance (all p<0.001) was observed after 4.5 y follow-up. In a stepwise regression model, considering appendicular FFM decline as dependent variable, lnIL-4, BMI, baseline appendicular FFM, lnTNFα and lnIL-13 were significant predictors of appendicular FFM decline explaining 30.8% of the variance. While building a stepwise multiple regression considering leg FFM as a dependent variable, lnIL-4, BMI and leg FFM were significant predictors of leg FFM decline and explained 27.4% of variance. When considering 6MWT decline as a dependent variable, baseline 6MWT, lnIL-13 and lnTNFα were significant predictors of 6MWT decline to explain 22.9% of variance. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggest that higher serum levels of anti-inflammatory markers, and in particular IL-4 and IL-13, may play a protective role on FFM and performance maintenance in elderly subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Rossi
- A.P. Rossi, MD, PhD, Cattedra di Geriatria, Università di Verona, Ospedale Maggiore, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 VERONA, Italy, Tel:+39-45-8122537;FAX:+39-45-8122043, E-mail:
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Zoico E, Darra E, Rizzatti V, Budui S, Franceschetti G, Mazzali G, Rossi AP, Fantin F, Menegazzi M, Cinti S, Zamboni M. Adipocytes WNT5a mediated dedifferentiation: a possible target in pancreatic cancer microenvironment. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20223-35. [PMID: 26958939 PMCID: PMC4991449 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant epidemiological association between obesity and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has previously been described, as well as a correlation between the degree of pancreatic steatosis, PDAC risk and prognosis. The underlying mechanisms are still not completely known. After co-culture of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and MiaPaCa2 with an in vitro transwell system we observed the appearance of fibroblast-like cells, along with a decrease in number and size of remaining adipocytes. RT-PCR analyses of 3T3-L1 adipocytes in co-culture showed a decrease in gene expression of typical markers of mature adipocytes, in parallel with an increased expression of fibroblast-specific and reprogramming genes. We found an increased WNT5a gene and protein expression early in MiaPaCa2 cells in co-culture. Additionally, EMSA of c-Jun and AP1 in 3T3-L1 demonstrated an increased activation in adipocytes after co-culture. Treatment with WNT5a neutralizing antibody completely reverted the activation of c-Jun and AP1 observed in co-cultured adipocytes. Increasing doses of recombinant SFRP-5, a competitive inhibitor for WNT5a receptor, added to the co-culture medium, were able to block the dedifferentiation of adipocytes in co-culture. These data support a WNT5a-mediated dedifferentiation process with adipocytes reprogramming toward fibroblast-like cells that might profoundly influence cancer microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zoico
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Darra
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vanni Rizzatti
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Budui
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Guido Franceschetti
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gloria Mazzali
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea P Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Fantin
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Menegazzi
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity-University of Ancona (Politecnica delle Marche), Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Zamboni
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Giordano F, Berteotti M, Budui S, Calgaro N, Franceschini L, Gilli F, Masiero M, Raschellà G, Salvetti S, Taddei M, Schena F, Busetto L. Multidimensional improvements induced by an intensive obesity inpatients rehabilitation programme. Eat Weight Disord 2017; 22:329-338. [PMID: 28455681 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-017-0393-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the short-term effectiveness of an intensive multidimensional inpatient programme specifically developed for patients with severe obesity. METHODS A multidisciplinary team managed a 3-week residential programme characterised by the integration of nutritional and physical rehabilitation with psychological and educational intervention. All patients consecutively admitted in 10 months were analysed at admission and discharge for changes in the following domains: anthropometry (weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and neck circumferences), cardiovascular risk factors (glycaemia, HbA1c, lipid profile, blood pressure), quality of life, eating behaviour, and physical performance (VO2peak by incremental cycle ergometer test, 6-min walking test (6MWT), chair stands test). RESULTS 136 subjects (61% females, median age 52.7 years) with obesity (mean BMI 43.2 kg/m2) and multiple comorbidities were analysed. A 3.9% BMI reduction and a reduction in waist (-3.8%) and neck (-3.3%) circumferences were observed. Glycaemic control was achieved in 68% of patients with uncontrolled diabetes at admission. Blood pressure control was achieved in all patients with uncontrolled hypertension at admission. Total cholesterol (-16%), LDL-cholesterol (-19%) and triglycerides (-9%) were significantly reduced. Psychometric assessment showed improvements in quality of life perception and binge eating disorder. Finally, a significant improvement in physical performance (+4.7% improvement in VO2peak, with longer distances in 6MWT and a higher number of standings) was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary data prove that a 3-week programme determined a clinically significant multi-dimensional improvement in patients with severe obesity. Long-term follow-up data are needed to confirm the efficacy of our rehabilitation setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Federica Gilli
- CeRiSM Sport Mountain and Health Research Centre, University of Verona, Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | - Marina Masiero
- CeRiSM Sport Mountain and Health Research Centre, University of Verona, Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Federico Schena
- CeRiSM Sport Mountain and Health Research Centre, University of Verona, Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | - Luca Busetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Clinica Medica 3, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
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Zenaro E, Pietronigro E, Della Bianca V, Piacentino G, Marongiu L, Budui S, Turano E, Rossi B, Angiari S, Dusi S, Montresor A, Carlucci T, Nanì S, Tosadori G, Calciano L, Catalucci D, Berton G, Bonetti B, Constantin G. Neutrophils promote Alzheimer's disease-like pathology and cognitive decline via LFA-1 integrin. Nat Med 2015. [PMID: 26214837 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, and innate immune cells have been shown to contribute to disease pathogenesis. In two transgenic models of Alzheimer's disease (5xFAD and 3xTg-AD mice), neutrophils extravasated and were present in areas with amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits, where they released neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and IL-17. Aβ42 peptide triggered the LFA-1 integrin high-affinity state and rapid neutrophil adhesion to integrin ligands. In vivo, LFA-1 integrin controlled neutrophil extravasation into the CNS and intraparenchymal motility. In transgenic Alzheimer's disease models, neutrophil depletion or inhibition of neutrophil trafficking via LFA-1 blockade reduced Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology and improved memory in mice already showing cognitive dysfunction. Temporary depletion of neutrophils for 1 month at early stages of disease led to sustained improvements in memory. Transgenic Alzheimer's disease model mice lacking LFA-1 were protected from cognitive decline and had reduced gliosis. In humans with Alzheimer's disease, neutrophils adhered to and spread inside brain venules and were present in the parenchyma, along with NETs. Our results demonstrate that neutrophils contribute to Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and cognitive impairment and suggest that the inhibition of neutrophil trafficking may be beneficial in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zenaro
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enrica Pietronigro
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Gennj Piacentino
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Marongiu
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Budui
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ermanna Turano
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Neurology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Angiari
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Dusi
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessio Montresor
- 1] Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. [2] The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tommaso Carlucci
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Nanì
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Tosadori
- 1] Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. [2] The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucia Calciano
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Daniele Catalucci
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), and Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Berton
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Bruno Bonetti
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Neurology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- 1] Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. [2] The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Zoico E, Franceschetti G, Chirumbolo S, Rossi AP, Mazzali G, Rizzatti V, Budui S, Zamboni M. Phenotypic shift of adipocytes by cholecalciferol and 1α,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol in relation to inflammatory status and calcium content. Endocrinology 2014; 155:4178-88. [PMID: 25153146 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent experimental data seem to suggest a relevant role for 1,25[OH]2cholecalciferol (1,25[OH]2D3) in adipocyte physiology and pathophysiology, with some studies showing adipogenic and pro-inflammatory properties, and others lipolytic and anti-inflammatory functions. Moreover, to our knowledge, the role of cholecalciferol (D3) in adipocytes function is still not known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the effects of 1,25[OH]2D3, as well as of D3, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in basal and inflammatory conditions, testing the effects of different calcium concentrations in adipocytes culture medium. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, CYP27A1 and CYP27B1 mRNA were detected in basal conditions and induced after D3 treatment. Pre-treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes not only with 1,25[OH]2D3, but also with D3 before inflammatory stimulation, significantly prevented the increase in gene expression and protein secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α, and significantly increased IL-10 mRNA and protein production compared with adipocytes treated only with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Biological effects of D3 were still present after inhibition of P450 activity with ketokonazole. LPS determined a decrease in cell area compared with controls, paralleled by a significant increase in optical density (OD) of lipid droplets, whereas 1,25[OH]2D3 and D3 alone significantly increased adipocytes area and decreased OD. Pretreatment with both forms of vitamin D preserved cells from the reduction in their area observed after LPS treatment. LPS decreased more the area of cells grown in a high calcium medium than of adipocytes grown in a low calcium medium. In the presence of a high calcium medium, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment preserved cell area, maintaining its anti-inflammatory and adipogenic properties. In conclusion our results show that D3, besides 1,25[OH]2D3, presents anti-inflammatory effects on 3T3-L1, as well as that adipocytes have the enzymatic pathways necessary to locally regulate the production of active forms of vitamin D, capable of influencing adipocyte phenotype and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zoico
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
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Angiari S, Donnarumma T, Rossi B, Dusi S, Pietronigro E, Zenaro E, Della Bianca V, Toffali L, Piacentino G, Budui S, Rennert P, Xiao S, Laudanna C, Casasnovas JM, Kuchroo VK, Constantin G. TIM-1 glycoprotein binds the adhesion receptor P-selectin and mediates T cell trafficking during inflammation and autoimmunity. Immunity 2014; 40:542-53. [PMID: 24703780 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Selectins play a central role in leukocyte trafficking by mediating tethering and rolling on vascular surfaces. Here we have reported that T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) is a P-selectin ligand. We have shown that human and murine TIM-1 binds to P-selectin, and that TIM-1 mediates tethering and rolling of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17, but not Th2 and regulatory T cells on P-selectin. Th1 and Th17 cells lacking the TIM-1 mucin domain showed reduced rolling in thrombin-activated mesenteric venules and inflamed brain microcirculation. Inhibition of TIM-1 had no effect on naive T cell homing, but it reduced T cell recruitment in a skin hypersensitivity model and blocked experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Uniquely, the TIM-1 immunoglobulin variable domain was also required for P-selectin binding. Our data demonstrate that TIM-1 is a major P-selectin ligand with a specialized role in T cell trafficking during inflammatory responses and the induction of autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Angiari
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Tiziano Donnarumma
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Dusi
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Enrica Pietronigro
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Zenaro
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Vittorina Della Bianca
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Lara Toffali
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Gennj Piacentino
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Budui
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Paul Rennert
- Department of Molecular Discovery and Immunobiology, Biogen Idec Inc., 12 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02146, USA
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, HIM 785, Boston, MA 02115-5817, USA
| | - Carlo Laudanna
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Jose M Casasnovas
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Campus UAM, C/ Darwin, 3, Campus of Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, HIM 785, Boston, MA 02115-5817, USA
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Angiari S, Rossi B, Piccio L, Zinselmeyer BH, Budui S, Zenaro E, Della Bianca V, Bach SD, Scarpini E, Bolomini-Vittori M, Piacentino G, Dusi S, Laudanna C, Cross AH, Miller MJ, Constantin G. Regulatory T cells suppress the late phase of the immune response in lymph nodes through P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1. J Immunol 2013; 191:5489-500. [PMID: 24174617 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) maintain tolerance toward self-antigens and suppress autoimmune diseases, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we show that mice deficient for P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) develop a more severe form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis than wild type animals do, suggesting that PSGL-1 has a role in the negative regulation of autoimmunity. We found that Tregs lacking PSGL-1 were unable to suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and failed to inhibit T cell proliferation in vivo in the lymph nodes. Using two-photon laser-scanning microscopy in the lymph node, we found that PSGL-1 expression on Tregs had no role in the suppression of early T cell priming after immunization with Ag. Instead, PSGL-1-deficient Tregs lost the ability to modulate T cell movement and failed to inhibit the T cell-dendritic cell contacts and T cell clustering essential for sustained T cell activation during the late phase of the immune response. Notably, PSGL-1 expression on myelin-specific effector T cells had no role in T cell locomotion in the lymph node. Our data show that PSGL-1 represents a previously unknown, phase-specific mechanism for Treg-mediated suppression of the persistence of immune responses and autoimmunity induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Angiari
- Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Constantin G, Marconi S, Rossi B, Angiari S, Calderan L, Anghileri E, Gini B, Bach SD, Martinello M, Bifari F, Galiè M, Turano E, Budui S, Sbarbati A, Krampera M, Bonetti B. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Stem Cells 2010; 27:2624-35. [PMID: 19676124 DOI: 10.1002/stem.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising therapeutic approach for neurological autoimmune diseases; previous studies have shown that treatment with bone marrow-derived MSCs induces immune modulation and reduces disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Here we show that intravenous administration of adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) before disease onset significantly reduces the severity of EAE by immune modulation and decreases spinal cord inflammation and demyelination. ASCs preferentially home into lymphoid organs but also migrates inside the central nervous system (CNS). Most importantly, administration of ASCs in chronic established EAE significantly ameliorates the disease course and reduces both demyelination and axonal loss, and induces a Th2-type cytokine shift in T cells. Interestingly, a relevant subset of ASCs expresses activated alpha 4 integrins and adheres to inflamed brain venules in intravital microscopy experiments. Bioluminescence imaging shows that alpha 4 integrins control ASC accumulation in inflamed CNS. Importantly, we found that ASC cultures produce basic fibroblast growth factor, brain-derived growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor-AB. Moreover, ASC infiltration within demyelinated areas is accompanied by increased number of endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitors. In conclusion, we show that ASCs have clear therapeutic potential by a bimodal mechanism, by suppressing the autoimmune response in early phases of disease as well as by inducing local neuroregeneration by endogenous progenitors in animals with established disease. Overall, our data suggest that ASCs represent a valuable tool for stem cell-based therapy in chronic inflammatory diseases of the CNS.
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