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Montoya S, Badde S. Only visible flicker helps flutter: Tactile-visual integration breaks in the absence of visual awareness. Cognition 2023; 238:105528. [PMID: 37354787 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Combining information from multiple senses enhances our perception of the world. Whether we need to be aware of all stimuli to benefit from multisensory integration, however, is still under investigation. Here, we tested whether tactile frequency perception benefits from the presence of congruent visual flicker even if the flicker is so rapid that it is perceptually fused into a steady light and therefore invisible. Our participants completed a tactile frequency discrimination task given either unisensory tactile or congruent tactile-visual stimulation. Tactile and tactile-visual test frequencies ranged from far below to far above participants' flicker fusion threshold (determined separately). For frequencies distinctively below their flicker fusion threshold, participants performed significantly better given tactile-visual stimulation than when presented with only tactile stimuli. Yet, for frequencies above their flicker fusion threshold, participants' tactile frequency perception did not profit from the presence of congruent but likely fused and thus invisible visual flicker. The results matched the predictions of an ideal-observer model in which tactile-visual integration is conditional on awareness of both stimuli. In contrast, it was impossible to reproduce the observed results with a model that assumed tactile-visual integration proceeds irrespective of stimulus awareness. In sum, we revealed that the benefits of congruent visual stimulation for tactile flutter frequency perception depend on the visibility of the visual flicker, suggesting that multisensory integration requires awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Montoya
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, 02155 Medford, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Badde
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 490 Boston Avenue, 02155 Medford, MA, USA.
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Montoya S, Badde S. Flicker helps flutter: visual-tactile integration benefits tactile frequency perception even in the absence of visual awareness. J Vis 2022. [DOI: 10.1167/jov.22.14.3682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Cagney DN, Lamba N, Montoya S, Li P, Besse L, Martin AM, Brigell RH, Catalano PJ, Brown PD, Leone JP, Tanguturi SK, Haas-Kogan DA, Alexander BM, Lin NU, Aizer AA. Breast cancer subtype and intracranial recurrence patterns after brain-directed radiation for brain metastases. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 176:171-179. [PMID: 30982195 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brain metastases from breast cancer are frequently managed with brain-directed radiation but the impact of subtype on intracranial recurrence patterns after radiation has not been well-described. We investigated intracranial recurrence patterns of brain metastases from breast cancer after brain-directed radiation to facilitate subtype-specific management paradigms. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases from breast cancer treated with brain-directed radiation at Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute between 2000 and 2015. Patients were stratified by subtype: hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-), HER2+ positive (HER2+), or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). A per-metastasis assessment was conducted. Time-to-event analyses were conducted using multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS Of the 349 patients, 116 had HR+/HER2- subtype, 164 had HER2+ subtype, and 69 harbored TNBC. Relative to HR+/HER2- subtype, local recurrence was greater in HER2+ metastases (HR 3.20, 95% CI 1.78-5.75, p < 0.001), while patients with TNBC demonstrated higher rates of new brain metastases after initial treatment (HR 3.16, 95% CI 1.99-5.02, p < 0.001) and shorter time to salvage whole brain radiation (WBRT) (HR 3.79, 95% CI 1.36-10.56, p = 0.01) and salvage stereotactic radiation (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.11-3.10, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS We identified a strong association between breast cancer subtype and intracranial recurrence patterns after brain-directed radiation, particularly local progression for HER2+ and distant progression for TNBC patients. If validated, the poorer local control in HER2+ brain metastases may support evaluation of novel local therapy-based approaches, while the increased distant recurrence in TNBC suggests the need for improved systemic therapy and earlier utilization of WBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Cagney
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | | | - Sofia Montoya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Puyao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Luke Besse
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Allison M Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rachel H Brigell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paul J Catalano
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul D Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jose P Leone
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shyam K Tanguturi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daphne A Haas-Kogan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Brian M Alexander
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nancy U Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayal A Aizer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Del Pilar Rodriguez M, Alvarez E, Jimanez R, Montoya S, Preciado A, Lopez I. Clinical and histological features of oral squamous cell carcinoma at university hospital, San Vicente de Paul, Medellín, Colombia (1990–2004). Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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de Cara M, Fernández EJ, Blanco R, Tello Marquina JC, Estrada FJ, Montoya S. Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis Race 1 in Soil in Colima State, Mexico. Plant Dis 2004; 88:1383. [PMID: 30795209 DOI: 10.1094/pdis.2004.88.12.1383c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During the winters of 2002 and 2003, a wilt occurred in melons cultivated on 1,500 ha in Colima State, Mexico. Yield losses reached 25% of final production, despite soil disinfestation with 60% methyl bromide and 40% chloropicrin. On the basis of the observation of plants with necrotic xylem, yellowing, and wilting of leaves, this disease was identified provisionally as Fusarium wilt. During February 2003, four soil samples from affected fields were plated onto a Fusarium-selective medium (1), which resulted in the detection of 2,260 ± 357, 179 ± 76, 668 ± 357, and 1,391 ± 256 CFU/g of F. oxysporum (3). Thirty-one randomly chosen isolates were used to inoculate differential cultivars of melon as described by Risser et al. (4). The cultivars were Amarillo Canario (susceptible to all races), Diana (resistant to races 0 and 2), Tango (resistant to races 0 and 1), and Vulcano (resistant to races 0, 1, and 2) (2). Ten plants of each cultivar, grown on sterilized vermiculite, were inoculated at the first true-leaf stage by drenching with 200 ml of a conidial suspension (1 × 105 CFU/ml) of each isolate. Noninoculated plants of each cultivar served as controls. Plants were maintained in a growth chamber with a 16-h photoperiod (18 × 103 lux) and temperatures at 23 to 25°C. Yellowing, wilt, and vascular discoloration symptoms developed on cvs. Amarillo Canario and Diana following inoculation with each of the 31 isolates, while noninoculated plants remained symptomless. F. oxysporum was consistently reisolated on potato dextrose agar from the affected plants. On the basis of the combination of affected cultivars, all isolates were identified as F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis race 1. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis race 1 in Colima State, Mexico. References: (1) H. Komada. Rev. Plant Prot. Res. 8:114, 1975. (2) J. Marín Rodríquez. Portagrano 2004. Vadmecum de Variedades Hortícolas. Agrobook, Spain. 2004. (3) P. E. Nelson et al. Fusarium Species: An Illustrated Manual for Identification. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, 1983. (4) G. Risser et al. Phytopathology 66:1105, 1976.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Cara
- Universidad de Almería, Departamento de Producción Vegetal. La Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - E J Fernández
- Universidad de Almería, Departamento de Producción Vegetal. La Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - R Blanco
- Universidad de Almería, Departamento de Producción Vegetal. La Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - J C Tello Marquina
- Universidad de Almería, Departamento de Producción Vegetal. La Cañada de San Urbano s/n. 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - F J Estrada
- Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Facultad de Agronomía, Mexico
| | - S Montoya
- Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Facultad de Agronomía, Mexico
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Abstract
The section Algarobia of genus Prosopis involves important natural resources in arid and semiarid regions of the world. Their rationale use requires a better knowledge of their biology, genetics and mating system. There are contradictory information about their mating system. Some authors claim they are protogynous and obligate outcrosser. However, some evidence have been shown indicating that they might not be protogynous and that they might be somewhat self-fertile. The current paper analyses genetic structure and mating system parameters in populations of seven species of this section from South and North America based on isozyme data. In all species a significant homozygote excess was found in the offspring population but not in mother plant genotypes. Multilocus and mean single locus outcrossing rates (tm, ts) indicated that about 15% selfing can occur in the studied populations. The heterogeneity between pollen and ovule allele frequencies was low suggesting population structuration, in agreement with the estimates of correlation of tm within progeny (rt) and correlation of outcrossed paternity (rp). The difference of FIS estimates between offspring and mother plants suggest some selection favouring heterozygotes between seedling and adult stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bessega
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Montoya S, Palomo Góngora E, García V. [A case of Prune Belly Syndrome. Prenatal diagnosis]. Ginecol Obstet Mex 1995; 63:382-384. [PMID: 7557534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Prune Belly Syndrome is a rare and complicated condition affecting the genitourinary organs and abdominal wall, it was named after the aspect of the abdomen after the bladder has been drained. In its fully developed form presents with the triad: megalocyst, abdominal muscle deficiency and cryptorchidism. We present a case of a patient with 22 weeks of gestation with ultrasonographic diagnosis of a large thoracoabdominal cyst. The delivery was by cesarean operation. We analyzed the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Montoya
- Servicio Gineco-Obstetricia, Hospital General Regional B. Juárez, Médico
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Schweigmann NJ, Alberti A, Pietrokovsky S, Conti O, Riarte A, Montoya S, Wisnivesky-Colli C. A new host of Trypanosoma cruzi from Jujuy, Argentina: Octodontomys gliroides (Gervais & D'Orbigny, 1844) (Rodentia, Octodontidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1992; 87:217-20. [PMID: 1308567 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761992000200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify wild hosts of Trypanosoma cruzi, surveys were conducted in the subandean valleys of Jujuy Province, Argentina, between June 1986 and March 1987. Seventy two mammals from 13 different species were examined by xenodiagnosis. Fifty two of them were mostly rodents trapped at the localities of Maimará, León and Tilcara, and the remainder had been kept in captivity at the Estación Biológica Experimental, in Jujuy. Trypanosoma cruzi infection was detected only in 2 Octodontomys gliroides (2 pos./8 exam. 25%) from all 72 examined mammals. Isolates were called Octodontomys Argentina 1 and 2 (OA1 and OA2). Both infected animals were caught at the archaelogical ruin of Pucará, at Tilcara. Repeated searches for triatomines in the ruin itself and in neighbour houses rendered negative results. Groups of mice inoculated with either OA1 or OA2 isolates became infected between 7 (OA1) to 12 days (OA2) postinoculation PI. Parasitemia peaks were observed between day 12th-14th PI. Scarce amastigote nests were found in myocardium and skeletal muscle. Mortality was observed only for mice inoculated with OA1. Isoenzyme patterns of OA1 and OA2 were identical to one found in dogs and slightly different from that of human parasites in Argentina. Bones from Octodontomys sp., were recently found in a cave, dated 10200-8600 BC, in Pumamarca, near Tilcara, Jujuy. There are evidences that O. gliroides cohabited with man in ancient times and was associated to the domestic cycle of T. cruzi transmission, playing a role like that of domestic caves in Bolivia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Schweigmann
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Wisnivesky-Colli C, Schweigmann NJ, Alberti A, Pietrokovsky SM, Conti O, Montoya S, Riarte A, Rivas C. Sylvatic American trypanosomiasis in Argentina. Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mammals from the Chaco forest in Santiago del Estero. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992; 86:38-41. [PMID: 1566301 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90433-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi infection in sylvatic mammals of the quebracho woods of the eastern part of Santiago del Estero province, Argentina, was studied from October 1984 to December 1987. 301 mammals of 20 different species were caught. T. cruzi, characterized biologically and biochemically, was isolated by xenodiagnosis from 23 of 72 (32%) Didelphis albiventris opposums, 2/36 (5.5%) Conepatus chinga skunks, and one ferret (Galictis cuja). 53 opossum refuges were located and triatomine bugs were found in 2 of them: one male Triatoma infestans, infected with T. cruzi, and 5 uninfected nymphs of T. sordida, had all fed on opossum blood. Electrophoretic zymogram patterns of the T. cruzi populations isolated from opossums and skunks were similar to isoenzyme profiles already described for populations isolated from infected humans in Argentina. The small number of triatomines found in the opossum refuges seems inadequate to account for the prevalence of T. cruzi infection recorded for these mammals, so other possible contaminative routes of infection should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wisnivesky-Colli
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Pietrokovsky SM, Schweigmann NJ, Riarte A, Alberti A, Conti O, Montoya S, Wisnivesky-Colli C. The Skunk Conepatus chinga as New Host of Trypanosoma cruzi in Argentina. J Parasitol 1991. [DOI: 10.2307/3283177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Pietrokovsky SM, Schweigmann NJ, Riarte A, Alberti A, Conti O, Montoya S, Wisnivesky-Colli C. The skunk Conepatus chinga as new host of Trypanosoma cruzi in Argentina. J Parasitol 1991; 77:643-5. [PMID: 1907656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first systematic epidemiological research carried out in Argentina on the skunk Conepatus chinga. Forty-nine animals were captured in the settlements of Amamá, Trinidad, and nearby forested areas located in the Department of Moreno, Province of Santiago del Estero, between April 1985 and May 1989. Isolation of parasites was done through xenodiagnosis, and their identification as Trypanosoma cruzi was achieved by biological and biochemical criteria. The isolate was highly virulent and pathogenic in inoculated C3H mice. Prevalence was 4.1% (2 of 49). Two facts account for a possible domestic source of infection: both infected skunks were captured near Trinidad, in an area that had never been treated with insecticides, and electrophoretic isoenzyme patterns of the parasites isolated from the skunks were identical to those found in humans. Because extensive deforestation probably would increase the distribution area of C. chinga, further investigation should be performed to evaluate the epidemiological role of this wild mammal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Pietrokovsky
- Unidad Ecología de Reservorios y Vectores de Parásitos, Departamento di Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Diaz FG, Umansky F, Mehta B, Montoya S, Dujovny M, Ausman JI, Cabezudo J. Cerebral revascularization to a main limb of the middle cerebral artery in the Sylvian fissure. An alternative approach to conventional anastomosis. J Neurosurg 1985; 63:21-9. [PMID: 4009270 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1985.63.1.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen patients underwent an anastomosis of the superficial temporal artery (STA) or a saphenous vein graft to one of the secondary trunks of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). They included five patients with giant MCA trifurcation aneurysms, four patients in whom an earlier conventional STA-MCA anastomosis had become occluded, two patients who had stenosis of one of the secondary limbs of the MCA, and one patient who had a carotid-cavernous fistula. One patient had a saphenous vein graft from the common carotid artery to a secondary trunk of the MCA to bypass an occluded internal carotid artery and severely stenosed external carotid artery. The primary advantages of this procedure are that a large-caliber anastomosis to one of the secondary limbs of the MCA immediately restores flow into the MCA tree with a larger amount of vessel filling than with a standard cortical bypass, and large vessels can be used for the anastomosis. The disadvantages are that one of the secondary branches of the MCA must be occluded, the cerebral hemisphere around the Sylvian fissure must be retracted, a lumbar subarachnoid drain is needed, and the anastomosis must be performed deep within the Sylvian fissure. The procedure is a satisfactory alternative in cases in which a conventional STA-MCA anastomosis has either failed or would be less likely to succeed.
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