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Mahajan N, Mujtaba MA, Fule R, Thakre S, Akhtar MS, Alavudeen SS, Anwer MK, Aldawsari MF, Mahmood D, Alam MS. Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Enhanced Oral Delivery of Tenofovir: Formulation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Bioavailability Assessment. ACS Omega 2024; 9:8139-8150. [PMID: 38405505 PMCID: PMC10882655 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Tenofovir (TNF) is a common component of many antiretroviral therapy regimens, but it is associated with poor membrane permeability and low oral bioavailability. To improve its oral bioavailability and membrane permeability, a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) was developed and characterized, and its relative bioavailability was compared to the marketed tablets (Tenof). Based on solubility and ternary phase diagram analysis, eucalyptus oil was selected as an oil phase, Kolliphor EL, and Kollisolv MCT 70 were chosen as surfactant and cosurfactant, respectively, while glycerol was used as cosolvent in surfactant mixture. Optimized SEDDS formulation F6 showed an oil droplet size of 98.82 nm and zeta potential of -13.03 mV, indicating the high stability of oil droplets. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy characterization studies were also carried out to assess the amorphous and morphological states of the drug in the prepared SEDDS formulation. The in vitro dissolution profile of SEDDS shows the rapid release of the drug. SEDDS F6 demonstrates a higher drug permeability than the plain TNF and TNF-marketed tablets (Tenof). A pharmacokinetic study in rats revealed that SEDDS F6 showed significantly higher Cmax and AUC0-t than the marketed tablets and pure drug suspension. In addition, the relative bioavailability of SEDDS formulation dramatically improved by 21.53-fold compared to marketed tablets and 66.27-fold compared to pure drugs. These findings show that SEDDS composed of eucalyptus oil, glycerol, Kolliphor EL, and Kollisolv MCT 70 could be a useful tool for enhancing physiochemical properties and oral TNF absorption. Therefore, SEDDS has shown promise in improving the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Mahajan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dadasaheb Balpande College
of Pharmacy, Besa, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440037, India
| | - Md Ali Mujtaba
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern
Border University, Rafhaa 73213, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ritesh Fule
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Quality Assurance, Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Besa, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440037, India
| | - Sonali Thakre
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dadasaheb Balpande College
of Pharmacy, Besa, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440037, India
| | - Md Sayeed Akhtar
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sirajudeen S. Alavudeen
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, AL-Fara, Abha 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danish Mahmood
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Sarfaraz Alam
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, HIMT Group of Institutions, Knowledge Park 1, Gautam Buddh Nagar
District, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
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Kale P, Dhawas A, Kale S, Tayade A, Thakre S. Congenital kyphosis in thoracic spine secondary to absence of two thoracic vertebral bodies. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:TD03-4. [PMID: 25738059 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/11275.5431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Congenital thoracic kyphosis at D6-D7 vertebral body level has been encountered in an 18-month-old boy without neurological deficit. The constellation of the spine malformation complex such as incomplete development of the vertebral bodies associated with defective ossification of the thoracic pedicles causing effectively the development of spinal cord injury at the kyphotic level of D6-D7 were present. Congenital kyphosis in thoracic spine secondary to absence of two thoracic vertebral bodies has been reported in a few studies. It is the absence and asymmetry of growth plates that may contribute to a congenital defect. Congenital Kyphosis refers to the normal convex curvature of the spine as it occurs in the thoracic and sacral regions since birth. Congenital kyphosis is an uncommon, but potentially devastating anomaly of the spine. It is one of the important aetiology for spinal cord compression leading to further neurological complications. Congenital kyphosis although rare, is more associated with neurological complication. Early identification not only helps in understanding its natural history but also helps in deciding its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Kale
- Assistant Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, MGIMS , Sewagram, Wardha, MS, India
| | - A Dhawas
- Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, MGIMS , Sewagram, Wardha, MS, India
| | - S Kale
- Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, MGIMS , Sewagram, Wardha, MS, India
| | - A Tayade
- Professor and Head, Department of Radiodiagnosis, MGIMS , Sewagram,Wardha, MS, India
| | - S Thakre
- Deputy Superintendent, GMCH , Nagpur, India
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