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Ochoa-Fernández B, Galán-Gómez V, Guerra-García P, Sanromán S, Martínez I, Bueno D, Mozo Y, Sisinni L, Losantos I, González B, Pérez-Martínez A. Younger age and induction failure predict outcomes in infant leukemia: 30 years of experience in a tertiary center. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1166176. [PMID: 37325355 PMCID: PMC10263122 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1166176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of infant patients with leukemia. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in a cohort of 39 patients diagnosed with infant leukemia from 1990 to 2020 who underwent treatment at the pediatric hemato-oncology department of a tertiary hospital in Madrid, Spain. Results Of the 588 diagnosed cases of childhood leukemia, 39 (6.6%) cases were infant leukemia. The 5-year event-free survival and the 5-year overall survival were 43.6% (SE 4.1) and 46.5% (SD 24.08), respectively. In a univariate analysis, a younger age at diagnosis was associated with poorer outcomes (p = 0.027), as was induction failure (p = 0.0024). Patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation had better outcomes than non-transplanted patients (p = 0.001); however, the group comparisons that exclude patients who were unable to undergo transplantation due to refractoriness/relapse or death during treatment showed no significant differences. Conclusions The main risk factors that affected survival in our study were an age younger than 6 months and a poor response to induction therapy. It is important to identify poor prognostic factors in this population in order to seek different approaches that could improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Víctor Galán-Gómez
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Guerra-García
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research—IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Sanromán
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research—IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Martínez
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Bueno
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research—IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yasmina Mozo
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa Sisinni
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itsaso Losantos
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta González
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research—IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Martínez
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research—IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
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