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Blazaki S, Blavakis E, Chlouverakis G, Bontzos G, Chatziralli I, Smoustopoulos G, Dimitriou E, Stavrakakis A, Kabanarou S, Xirou T, Vavvas DG, Tsilimbaris MK. Evolution of macular atrophy in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration compared to fellow non-neovascular eyes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:3425-3436. [PMID: 37566302 PMCID: PMC10667153 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Τo evaluate the evolution of macular atrophy (MA) in patients with neovascular AMD (nAMD), compared with their fellow eyes exhibiting dry AMD (dAMD). METHODS This retrospective study included 124 patients from three centers treated with anti-VEGF in their nAMD eye and having dAMD in the fellow eye. Patients without MA at baseline were analyzed to study the time to first MA development. Synchronous and unsynchronous time course of MA was also studied. MA was evaluated using near-infrared images, while all available optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were used to confirm the criteria proposed by the Classification of Atrophy Meetings group for complete MA. RESULTS MA first detection in nAMD eyes increased significantly from year 2 to 6 compared to dAMD eyes. Over the study's follow-up, 45.1% of nAMD-E developed MA, compared to 16.5% of fellow eyes (p < 0.001). When MA in the two eyes was compared in a synchronous paired manner over 4 years, nAMD eyes had an average MA progression rate of 0.275 mm/year versus 0.110 mm/year in their fellow dAMD eyes. Multivariate ANOVA revealed significant time (p < 0.001), eye (p = 0.003), and time-eye interaction (p < 0.001) effects. However, when MA did develop in dAMD eyes and was compared in an asynchronous manner to MA of nAMD eyes, it was found to progress faster in dAMD eyes (dAMD: 0.295 mm/year vs. nAMD: 0.176 mm/year) with a significant time-eye interaction (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS In this study, a significant difference in MA incidence and progression was documented in eyes with nAMD under treatment, compared to fellow eye exhibiting dAMD. Eyes with nAMD tended to develop more MA compared to fellow dAMD eyes. However, when atrophy did develop in the fellow dAMD eyes, it progressed faster over time compared to MA in nAMD eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Blazaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Crete Medical School, 71110, Voutes, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Blavakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Crete Medical School, 71110, Voutes, Greece
| | - Gregory Chlouverakis
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgios Bontzos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korgialenio-Benakio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Irini Chatziralli
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eleni Dimitriou
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Stavrakakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Crete Medical School, 71110, Voutes, Greece
| | - Stamatina Kabanarou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korgialenio-Benakio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Tina Xirou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korgialenio-Benakio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios G Vavvas
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Kabanarou S, Bitzanakis N, Mamareli V, Makryllou SI, Garvanou‐Xirou C, Gkizis I, Xirou T. Choroidal neovascularization (
CNV
) due to non‐age‐related macular degeneration (
AMD
) causes: Multimodal imaging and treatment outcome in a retrospective case series. Acta Ophthalmol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2022.0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stamatina Kabanarou
- General Hospital of Athens, Korgialenio‐Benakio, E.E.S, Department of Ophthalmology Greece
| | - Nikolaos Bitzanakis
- General Hospital of Athens, Korgialenio‐Benakio, E.E.S, Department of Ophthalmology Greece
| | - Vasiliki Mamareli
- General Hospital of Athens, Korgialenio‐Benakio, E.E.S, Department of Ophthalmology Greece
| | | | | | - Ilias Gkizis
- General Hospital of Athens, Korgialenio‐Benakio, E.E.S, Department of Ophthalmology Greece
| | - Tina Xirou
- General Hospital of Athens, Korgialenio‐Benakio, E.E.S, Department of Ophthalmology Greece
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Blazaki S, Blavakis E, Smoustopoulos G, Bontzos G, Stavrakakis A, Chlouverakis G, Kabanarou S, Xirou T, Tsilimbaris M. Progression of macular atrophy in patients receiving long-term anti-VEGF therapy for age-related macular degeneration; Real Life Data. Ophthalmologica 2021; 245:152-160. [PMID: 34818657 DOI: 10.1159/000520595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the progression of macular atrophy (MA) based on near-infrared reflectance (NIR) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), receiving anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment for at least a 6-year period. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 53 naïve patients (53 eyes) with neovascular AMD from two centers, who were treated with anti-VEGF intravitreal injections and had no MA at baseline. MA was evaluated in an annual basis using NIR images, while all available OCT images were used to confirm that the atrophic area fulfilled the criteria proposed by the Classification of Atrophy Meetings (CAM) group for complete retinal pigment epithelium RPE and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA). Incidence and progression of MA were evaluated. Associations with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and total number of injections were also studied. Results Treatment duration of our patients was 7.34 ± 1.54 years. The mean number of anti-VEGF injections was 24.4 ± 13.6. BCVA at baseline was 0.38 ± 0.27 logMAR while at final visit it was 0.60 ± 0.35 logMAR (p=0.731). The cumulative incidence of new MA at years 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 was 1.89%, 18.87% 32.08%, 39.62%, 49.06% and 50.94% respectively. In patients who developed MA, mean MA area increased from zero at baseline to 5.66 ± 7.18 mm2 at final visit. The estimated annual enlargement of MA was 0.45 mm/year based on square root transformation (1.12 mm2/year, untransformed data). MA progression does not appear to be significantly associated with age (R=0.055; p=0.784), gender (R=0.113; p=0.576), BCVA (R=0.168; p=0.404) and total number of injections (R=0.133; p=0.255). Conclusion In this real-life setting, half of neovascular AMD patients under anti-VEGF treatment, without MA at therapy initiation, developed MA over a period of at least 6 years. In this work, the number of injections did not seem to have a significant association with MA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Blazaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Ηospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Blavakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Ηospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Bontzos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korgialenio-Benakio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Gregory Chlouverakis
- Biostatistics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Stamatina Kabanarou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korgialenio-Benakio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Tina Xirou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korgialenio-Benakio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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4
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Ragkousis A, Kozobolis V, Kabanarou S, Bontzos G, Mangouritsas G, Heliopoulos I, Chatziralli I. Vessel Density around Foveal Avascular Zone as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Detecting Preclinical Diabetic Retinopathy: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study. Semin Ophthalmol 2020; 35:316-323. [PMID: 33258720 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2020.1845386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters in diabetic retinopathy (DR) using an updated software with 3D projection artifact removal. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 192 eyes of 111 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 55 eyes of 34 age-matched healthy subjects were included. Diabetic patients were divided into three subgroups: without DR, with mild non-proliferative DR, and with moderate-to-severe non-proliferative DR. All eyes underwent dilated fundoscopy along with 3x3mm and 6x6mm OCTA image acquisition. Vessel density (VD), retinal thickness and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters were analyzed. Correlation analyses between OCTA parameters and DR severity were also performed. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in all OCTA parameters among groups, except for superficial foveal VD in 6x6mm scan and whole image retinal thickness in both 3x3mm and 6x6mm scans, while 3x3mm scan parameters were found to be diagnostically superior to the corresponding ones of 6x6mm scan. As the DR stage progressed, the mean VD values decreased. FD-300, which is the VD of a 300-μm width annulus surrounding FAZ, demonstrated the strongest inverse correlation with DR severity (r = -0.590/rs = -0.562, p < .001) and showed the highest area under the ROC curve (AUROC = 0.833 ± 0.030, p < .001) in scan 3 × 3. Conclusion: OCTA shows progressive decrease of VD parameters with increasing DR severity. Foveal VD, FAZ area, and perimeter are not very useful indexes due to the high interindividual variability of FAZ size. OCTA and specifically FD-300 may serve as a promising DR screening tool for detecting preclinical microvascular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Ragkousis
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Korgialenio-Benakio" Red Cross Hospital , Athens, Greece.,2nd Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilios Kozobolis
- Eye Institute of Thrace, Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Stamatina Kabanarou
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Korgialenio-Benakio" Red Cross Hospital , Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Bontzos
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Korgialenio-Benakio" Red Cross Hospital , Athens, Greece
| | - George Mangouritsas
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Korgialenio-Benakio" Red Cross Hospital , Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Heliopoulos
- Department of Neurology, Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Irini Chatziralli
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece
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Gkoumas E, Bontzos G, Xirou T, Chatzispasou E, Kabanarou S. Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) Following a Hypovolemic Episode of Gastric Bleeding. Cureus 2020; 12:e11627. [PMID: 33376641 PMCID: PMC7755784 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a rare complication following acute bleeding. Patients present with varying vision loss and visual field defects. NAION is more commonly developed in patients with systemic disorders that may affect normal blood flow such as hypertension and diabetes. In this case, we report a 54-year-old man who complained of vision blurring following an episode of acute gastric bleeding. This report aims to review the pathology of this condition and present the findings of newer non-invasive imaging modalities of the vascular layers of the posterior pole of the eye like optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), which facilitates the proper diagnosis and prognosis of such cases. Finally, we present the management options for this patient with antiplatelet treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Bontzos
- Ophthalmology, Korgialenio-Benakio General Hospital, Athens, GRC
| | - Tina Xirou
- Ophthalmology, Korgialenio-Benakio General Hospital, Athens, GRC
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Bontzos G, Bagheri S, Ioanidi L, Kim I, Datseris I, Gragoudas E, Kabanarou S, Miller J, Tsilimbaris M, Vavvas DG. Nonresponders to Ranibizumab Anti-VEGF Treatment Are Actually Short-term Responders: A Prospective Spectral-Domain OCT Study. Ophthalmol Retina 2020; 4:1138-1145. [PMID: 31937473 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the inter-individual variability in duration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment effect in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD). DESIGN Prospective observational multi-centered study. PARTICIPANTS Forty-eight patients with nvAMD treated with anti-VEGF injections were included. Both treatment naive (n=25) as well as patients who had previously received treatment with ranibizumab (n=23) more than one month prior to their enrollment were recruited. METHODS Patients received injection with ranibizumab (0.5 mg/0.05 ml) and were followed weekly for 4 weeks with spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) assessing the time to maximal reduction of central retinal thickness (CRT) and the presence of intraretinal and subretinal fluid. Other data collected included age, gender, visual acuity, axial length, lens status, and previous injections. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to examine normal distributions for all variables. Correlations were examined by calculating Spearman's correlation coeficient. Distributions of quantitative variables are described as means (±SD). Qualitative variables are summarized by counts and percentage. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Time to maximal reduction of CRT and intra- and subretinal fluid after ranibizumab injection. RESULTS A total of 48 eyes of 48 patients (age 74.8±8.3 years, 62.5% female, 52% treatment naive, 35.4% pseudophakic) were assessed. Two-thirds (64.6%) reached maximal CRT reduction earlier than the standard 4-week interval: 6.3% at 1 week postinjection, 22.9% at 2 weeks postinjection, and 35.4% at 3 weeks postinjection. Only 35.4% of patients had maximal CRT reduction at 4 weeks. Twenty percent of treatment-naive and 34.8% of non-naive patients had a week-4 CRT that was >35 μm thicker than the earlier occuring lowest CRT value (nadir). The time to maximal CRT reduction was not related to axial length, age, lens status, or history of injections. CONCLUSIONS Optimal dosing interval for maximal CRT reduction may be less than 4 weeks for a significant proportion of patients. Most patients will be classified as complete responders if intervals less than 4 weeks are used to assess anti-VEGF treatment response. Disease load rather than eye size appears to be the driver of anti-VEGF treatment duration and therefore, dosing interval needs to be optimized in the cohort of short-term responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Bontzos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Korgialenio Benakio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Saghar Bagheri
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Larissa Ioanidi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ivana Kim
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Evangelos Gragoudas
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Joan Miller
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Demetrios G Vavvas
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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7
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Bontzos G, Gkoumas E, Xirou T, Chatzispasou E, Kabanarou S. Non‐arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy due to hypovolemia. Acta Ophthalmol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2019.5426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Bontzos
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
| | - Evangelos Gkoumas
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
| | - Tina Xirou
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
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8
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Bontzos G, Garnavou‐Xirou C, Xirou T, Gkizis I, Kabanarou S, Chatziralli I. Do macular OCT‐A measures correlate with functional outcomes in diabetic patients? Acta Ophthalmol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2019.5428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Bontzos
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
| | | | - Tina Xirou
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
| | - Ilias Gkizis
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
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9
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Xirou T, Bontzos G, Garnavou‐Xirou C, Kontou E, Gkizis I, Kabanarou S. Segmentation errors in OCT‐angiography associated with epiretinal membranes. Acta Ophthalmol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2019.5134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Xirou
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
| | - Georgios Bontzos
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
| | | | - Eugenia Kontou
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
| | - Ilias Gkizis
- Department of Ophthalmology Korgalenio‐Benakio Hospital Athens Greece
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10
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Karyofyllis P, Demerouti E, Kabanarou S, Tsiapras D, Karapanagiotou O, Katsilouli S, Mastorakou I, Voudris V. An unusual presentation of iatrogenic pulmonary hypertension. Hellenic J Cardiol 2019; 61:133-134. [PMID: 31153999 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - E Demerouti
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Centre, Athens, Greece
| | - S Kabanarou
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Centre, Athens, Greece
| | - D Tsiapras
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Centre, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - V Voudris
- Onassis Cardiac Surgery Centre, Athens, Greece
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Garnavou-Xirou C, Xirou T, Kabanarou S, Gkizis I, Velissaris S, Chatziralli I. Eccentric Macular Hole after Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane Without Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling: A Case Report. Ophthalmol Ther 2017; 6:391-395. [PMID: 29043565 PMCID: PMC5693830 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-017-0113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Postoperative eccentric macular hole formation is an uncommon complication after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for the treatment of epiretinal membrane (ERM). We present a case of eccentric macular hole formation after PPV for ERM without ILM peeling. Case report A 68-year-old male patient presented with ERM and visual acuity of 6/24 in his left eye. He underwent 23-gauge PPV without ILM peeling for treatment of ERM. One week postoperatively the retina was attached and the epiretinal membrane was successfully removed, while visual acuity was 6/9. One month after PPV, a single eccentric retinal hole below the macula was detected using fundoscopy and subsequently confirmed by optical coherence tomography. At this time the visual acuity was 6/9 and the patient reported no symptoms. No further intervention was attempted and at the 9-month follow-up, the visual acuity and the size of the eccentric macular hole remained stable. Conclusion Eccentric macular holes can be developed after PPV even without ILM peeling and are usually managed conservatively by observation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Irini Chatziralli
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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12
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Xirou T, Kabanarou S, Gkizis I, Garnavou-Xirou C, Velissaris S, Chatziralli I. Eccentric macular hole after pars plana vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane without internal limiting membrane peeling. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.0f059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Xirou
- Ophthalmic; Red Cross Hospital; Athens Greece
| | | | - I. Gkizis
- Ophthalmic; Red Cross Hospital; Athens Greece
| | | | - S. Velissaris
- Ophthalmic; King's College Hospital; London United Kingdom
| | - I. Chatziralli
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology; University of Athens; “Attiko” General Hospital; Athens Greece
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13
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Gkizis I, Garnavou-Xirou C, Velissaris S, Kabanarou S, Chatziralli I, Kontou E, Xirou T. Enzymatic vitreolysis with ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular traction syndrome. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.0f057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Gkizis
- Ophthalmology; Korgialeneio-Mpenakeio Hospital; Athens Greece
| | | | | | - S. Kabanarou
- Ophthalmology; Korgialeneio-Mpenakeio Hospital; Athens Greece
| | - I. Chatziralli
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology; University of Athens- Attikon Hospital; Athens Greece
| | - E. Kontou
- Ophthalmology; Korgialeneio-Mpenakeio Hospital; Athens Greece
| | - T. Xirou
- Ophthalmology; Korgialeneio-Mpenakeio Hospital; Athens Greece
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