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Giunti L, da Ros M, Vinci S, Gelmini S, Iorio AL, Buccoliero AM, Cardellicchio S, Castiglione F, Genitori L, de Martino M, Giglio S, Genuardi M, Sardi I. Anti-miR21 oligonucleotide enhances chemosensitivity of T98G cell line to doxorubicin by inducing apoptosis. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 5:231-242. [PMID: 25628933 PMCID: PMC4300700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Various signal transduction pathways seem to be involved in chemoresistance mechanism of glioblastomas (GBMs). miR-21 is an important oncogenic miRNA which modulates drug resistance of tumor cells. We analyzed the expression of 5 miRNAs, previously found to be dysregulated in high grade gliomas, in 9 pediatric (pGBM) and in 5 adult (aGBM) GBMs. miR-21 was over-expressed, with a significant difference between pGBMs and aGBMs represented by a 4 times lower degree of expression in the pediatric compared to the adult series (p = 0.001). Doxorubicin (Dox) seems to be an effective anti-glioma agent with high antitumor activity also against glioblastoma stem cells. We therefore evaluated the chemosensitivity to Dox in 3 GBM cell lines (A172, U87MG and T98G). Dox had a cytotoxic effect after 48 h of treatment in A172 and U87MG, while T98G cells were resistant. TUNEL assay verified that Dox induced apoptosis in A172 and U87MG but not in T98G. miR-21 showed a low basal expression in treated cells and was over-expressed in untreated cells. To validate the possible association of miR-21 with drug resistance of T98G cells, we transfected anti-miR-21 inhibitor into the cells. The expression level of miR-21 was significantly lower in T98G transfected cells (than in the parental control cells). Transfected cells showed a high apoptotic rate compared to control after Dox treatment by TUNEL assay, suggesting that combined Dox and miR-21 inhibitor therapy can sensitize GBM resistant cells to anthracyclines by enhancing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giunti
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Martina da Ros
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Serena Vinci
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of FlorenceItaly
| | - Stefania Gelmini
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of FlorenceItaly
| | - Anna Lisa Iorio
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Cardellicchio
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Genitori
- Neurosurgery-Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Meyer Children’s HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Maurizio de Martino
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children’s Hospital and Department of Health Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Sabrina Giglio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Maurizio Genuardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
- Current address: Institute of Medical Genetics, “A. Gemelli” School of Medicine, Catholic UniversityRome, Italy.
| | - Iacopo Sardi
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
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Giunti L, Pantaleo M, Sardi I, Provenzano A, Magi A, Cardellicchio S, Castiglione F, Tattini L, Novara F, Buccoliero AM, de Martino M, Genitori L, Zuffardi O, Giglio S. Genome-wide copy number analysis in pediatric glioblastoma multiforme. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:293-303. [PMID: 24959384 PMCID: PMC4065410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a very aggressive and lethal brain tumor with poor prognosis. Despite new treatment strategies, patients' median survival is still less than 1 year in most cases. Few studies have focused exclusively on this disease in children and most of our understanding of the disease process and its clinical outcome has come from studies on malignant gliomas in childhood, combining children with the diagnosis of GBM with other pediatric patients harboring high grade malignant tumors other than GBM. In this study we investigated, using array-CGH platforms, children (median age of 9 years) affected by GBM (WHO-grade IV). We identified recurrent Copy Number Alterations demonstrating that different chromosome regions are involved, in various combinations. These observations suggest a condition of strong genomic instability. Since cancer is an acquired disease and inherited factors play a significant role, we compared for the first time the constitutional Copy Number Variations with the Copy Number Alterations found in tumor biopsy. We speculate that genes included in the recurrent 9p21.3 and 16p13.3 deletions and 1q32.1-q44 duplication play a crucial role for tumorigenesis and/or progression. In particular we suggest that the A2BP1 gene (16p13.3) is one possible culprit of the disease. Given the rarity of the disease, the poor quality and quantity of bioptic material and the scarcity of data in the literature, our findings may better elucidate the genomic background of these tumors. The recognition of candidate genes underlying this disease could then improve treatment strategies for this devastating tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giunti
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Marilena Pantaleo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Iacopo Sardi
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children’s HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Aldesia Provenzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Castiglione
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tattini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, G. Gaslini InstituteGenova, Italy
| | - Francesca Novara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of PaviaPavia, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio de Martino
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Meyer Children’s HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Genitori
- Department of Health Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Orsetta Zuffardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of PaviaPavia, Italy
| | - Sabrina Giglio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
- FiorGen Foundation for PharmacogenomicsSesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Cardellicchio S, Bacci G, Farina S, Genitori L, Massimino M, de Martino M, Caputo R, Sardi I. Low-dose cisplatin-etoposide regimen for patients with optic pathway glioma: a report of four cases and literature review. Neuropediatrics 2014; 45:42-9. [PMID: 24272769 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1360482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) account for 5% of all childhood brain tumors. For years it has been discussed which was the best method of examining tumor progression when the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan does not change. The role of chemotherapy in their treatment still remains controversial. We treated four consecutive patients affected by progressive OPG with lower cumulative doses of cisplatin/etoposide. The extension of disease was assessed by brain MRI scan. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed. Ototoxicity was monitored. Our OPG patients had reduced visual acuity (VA) and/or visual field (VF) regardless of the MRI evaluation. All patients showed rapid visual recovery with improvement both in VA and in VF. At the time of writing, after a median follow-up of 34 months, all patients were alive and free from disease progression. Our results confirm the effectiveness and the low-toxicity profile of the cisplatin/etoposide regimen for treatment of children affected by OPG. We suggest that VA and VF can be considered as the most accurate parameters for defining the start of chemotherapy and tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Cardellicchio
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bacci
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Farina
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Genitori
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Maura Massimino
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio de Martino
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Caputo
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Iacopo Sardi
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Sardi I, la Marca G, Cardellicchio S, Giunti L, Malvagia S, Genitori L, Massimino M, de Martino M, Giovannini MG. Pharmacological modulation of blood-brain barrier increases permeability of doxorubicin into the rat brain. Am J Cancer Res 2013; 3:424-432. [PMID: 23977451 PMCID: PMC3744021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Our group recently demonstrated in a rat model that pretreatment with morphine facilitates doxorubicin delivery to the brain in the absence of signs of increased acute systemic toxicity. Morphine and other drugs such as dexamethasone or ondansetron seem to inhibit MDR proteins localized on blood-brain barrier, neurons and glial cells increasing the access of doxorubicin to the brain by efflux transporters competition. We explored the feasibility of active modification of the blood-brain barrier protection, by using morphine dexamethasone or ondansetron pretreatment, to allow doxorubicin accumulation into the brain in a rodent model. Rats were pretreated with morphine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), dexamethasone (2 mg/kg, i.p.) or ondansetron (2 mg/kg, i.p.) before injection of doxorubicin (12 mg/kg, i.p.). Quantitative analysis of doxorubicin was performed by mass spectrometry. Acute hearth and kidney damage was analyzed by measuring doxorubicin accumulation, LDH activity and malondialdehyde plasma levels. The concentration of doxorubicin was significantly higher in all brain areas of rats pretreated with morphine (P < 0.001) or ondansetron (P < 0.05) than in control tissues. The concentration of doxorubicin was significantly higher in cerebral hemispheres and brainstem (P < 0.05) but not in cerebellum of rats pretreated with dexamethasone than in control tissues. Pretreatment with any of these drugs did not increase LDH activity or lipid peroxidation compared to controls. Our data suggest that morphine, dexamethasone or ondansetron pretreatment is able to allow doxorubicin penetration inside the brain by modulating the BBB. This effect is not associated with acute cardiac or renal toxicity. This finding might provide the rationale for clinical applications in the treatment of refractory brain tumors and pave the way to novel applications of active but currently inapplicable chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iacopo Sardi
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Neuro-oncology Unit, Anna Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Neuroscience, Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Stefania Cardellicchio
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Neuro-oncology Unit, Anna Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Laura Giunti
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Neuro-oncology Unit, Anna Meyer Children’s University HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Sabrina Malvagia
- Department of Neuroscience, Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children’s HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Genitori
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery Unit, Meyer Children’s HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Maura Massimino
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilan, Italy
| | - Maurizio de Martino
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Anna Meyer Children’s Hospital and Department of Health Sciences, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Maria G Giovannini
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Clinical OncologyFlorence, Italy
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Kim JH, Song HB, Kim DH, Park KD, Kim JH, Kim JH, Lee BJ, Kim DH, Kim JH, Khatua S, Kalkan E, Brown R, Pearlman M, Vats T, Abela L, Fiaschetti G, Shalaby T, Grunder E, Ma M, Grahlert J, Baumgartner M, Siler U, Nonoguchi N, Ohgaki H, Grotzer M, Adachi JI, Suzuki T, Fukuoka K, Yanagisawa T, Mishima K, Koga T, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Sardi I, Giunti L, Bresci C, Cardellicchio S, Da Ros M, Buccoliero AM, Farina S, Arico M, Genitori L, Massimino M, Filippi L, Erdreich-Epstein A, Zhou H, Ren X, Schur M, Davidson TB, Ji L, Sposto R, Asgharzadeh S, Tong Y, White E, Murugesan M, Nimmervoll B, Wang M, Marino D, Ellison D, Finkelstein D, Pounds S, Malkin D, Gilbertson R, Eden C, Ju B, Murugesan M, Phoenix T, Poppleton H, Lessman C, Taylor M, Gilbertson R, Sardi I, la Marca G, Cardellicchio S, Da Ros M, Malvagia S, Giunti L, Fratoni V, Farina S, Arico M, Genitori L, Massimino M, Giovannini MG, Giangaspero F, Badiali M, Gleize V, Paris S, Moi L, Elhouadani S, Arcella A, Morace R, Antonelli M, Buttarelli F, Mokhtari K, Sanson M, Smith S, Ward J, Wilson M, Rahman C, Rose F, Peet A, Macarthur D, Grundy R, Rahman R, Venkatraman S, Birks D, Balakrishnan I, Alimova I, Harris P, Patel P, Foreman N, Vibhakar R, Wu H, Zhou Q, Wang D, Wang G, Dang D, Pencreach E, Nguyen A, Guerin E, Lasthaus C, Guenot D, Entz-Werle N, Unland R, Schlosser S, Farwick N, Plagemann T, Richter G, Juergens H, Fruehwald M, Chien CL, Lee YH, Lin CI, Hsieh JY, Lin SC, Wong TT, Ho DMT, Wang HW, Lagah S, Tan IL, Malcolm S, Grundy R, Rahman R, Majani Y, Smith S, Grundy R, Rahman R, van Vuurden DG, Aronica E, Wedekind LE, Hulleman E, Biesmans D, Bugiani M, Vandertop WP, Kaspers GJL, Wurdinger T, Noske DP, Van der Stoop PM, van Vuurden DG, Shukla S, Wedekind LE, Kuipers GK, Hulleman E, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Vandertop WP, Slotman BJ, Kaspers GJL, Cloos J, Sun T, Warrington N, Luo J, Ganzhorn S, Tabori U, Druley T, Gutmann D, Rubin J, Castelo-Branco P, Choufani S, Mack S, Galagher D, Zhang C, Lipman T, Zhukova N, Martin D, Merino D, Wasserman J, Samuel C, Alon N, Hitzler J, Wang JCY, Malkin D, Keller G, Dirks PB, Pfister S, Taylor MD, Weksberg R, Tabori U, Leblond P, Meignan S, Dewitte A, Le Tinier F, Wattez N, Lartigau E, Lansiaux A, Hanson R, Gordon I, Zhao S, Camphausen K, Warren K, Warrington NM, Sun T, Gutmann DH, Rubin JB, Nguyen A, Lasthaus C, Jaillet M, Pencreach E, Guerin E, Guenot D, Entz-Werle N, Kovacs Z, Martin-Fiori E, Shalaby T, Grotzer M, Bernasconi M, Werner B, Dyberg C, Baryawno N, Milosevic J, Wickstrom M, Northcott PA, Taylor MD, Kool M, Kogner P, Johnsen JI, Wilson M, Reynolds G, Davies N, Arvanitis T, Peet A, Zoghbi A, Meisterernst M, Fruehwald MC, Kerl K, Orr B, Haffner M, Nelson W, Yegnasubramanian S, Eberhart C, Fotovati A, Abu-Ali S, Wang PS, Deleyrolle L, Lee C, Triscott J, Chen J, Franciosi S, Nakamura Y, Sugita Y, Uchiumi T, Kuwano M, Leavitt B, Singh S, Jury A, Jones C, Wakimoto H, Reynolds B, Pallen C, Dunn S, Fletcher S, Levine J, Li M, Kagawa N, Hirayama R, Chiba Y, Kijima N, Arita H, Kinoshita M, Hashimoto N, Izumoto S, Maruno M, Yoshimine T. BIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:i7-i15. [PMCID: PMC3483341 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
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