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Flesch KN, Cusumano AQ, Chen PJ, Strong CS, Sardini SR, Du YE, Bartberger MD, Goddard WA, Stoltz BM. Divergent Catalysis: Catalytic Asymmetric [4+2] Cycloaddition of Palladium Enolates. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11301-11310. [PMID: 37186945 PMCID: PMC10388310 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric decarboxylative [4+2] cycloaddition from a catalytically generated chiral Pd enolate was developed, forging four contiguous stereocenters in a single transformation. This was achieved through a strategy termed divergent catalysis, wherein departure from a known catalytic cycle enables novel reactivity of a targeted intermediate prior to re-entry into the original cycle. Mechanistic studies including quantum mechanics calculations, Eyring analysis, and KIE studies offer insight into the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin N Flesch
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Alexander Q Cusumano
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Peng-Jui Chen
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Christian Santiago Strong
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Stephen R Sardini
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yun E Du
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Abstract
Through the combination of a Ni-catalyzed alkene alkenylboration followed by hydrogenation, the synthesis of congested Csp3–Csp3-bonds can be achieved. Conditions have been identified that allow for the use of both alkenyl-bromides and -triflates. In addition, the hydrogenation creates another opportunity for stereocontrol, thus allowing access to multiple stereoisomers of the product. Finally, the method is demonstrated in the streamlined synthesis of a biologically relevant molecule. Through the combination of a Ni-catalyzed alkene alkenylboration followed by hydrogenation, the synthesis of congested Csp3–Csp3-bonds can be achieved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Simlandy
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800E. Kirkwood Ave Bloomington IN 47401 USA
| | - Stephen R Sardini
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800E. Kirkwood Ave Bloomington IN 47401 USA
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800E. Kirkwood Ave Bloomington IN 47401 USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Sardini
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Sardini SR, Stoltz BM. Discussion Addendum for: Preparation of ( S)- tert-ButylPyOx and Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids. Organic Synth 2021; 98:117-130. [PMID: 36247231 PMCID: PMC9558615 DOI: 10.15227/orgsyn.098.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Sardini
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Abstract
A method for the regioselective 1,2-arylboration of 1,3-butadiene, a feedstock chemical, is reported. The reactions result in the formation of products that can be easily elaborated to other structures. The mechanistic details of this process are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Bergmann
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Stephen R Sardini
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Kevin B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Abstract
A method for the Ni-catalyzed arylboration of unactivated monosubstituted, 1,1-disubstituted, and trisubstituted alkenes is disclosed. The reaction is notable in that it converts highly substituted alkenes, aryl bromides, and diboron reagents to products that contain a quaternary carbon and a synthetically versatile carbon-boron bond with control of stereoselectivity and regioselectivity. In addition, the method is demonstrated to be useful for the synthesis of saturated nitrogen heterocycles, which are important motifs in pharmaceutical compounds. Finally, due to the unusual reactivity demonstrated, the mechanistic details of the reaction were studied with both computational and experimental techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Sardini
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Alison L Lambright
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Grace L Trammel
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
| | - Humair M Omer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , Indiana 47405 , United States
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Abstract
A Ni-catalyzed method for arylboration is disclosed. The method allows for highly stereoselective arylboration of unactivated alkenes. The reactions utilize a simple Ni-catalyst and work with a broad range of alkenes and aryl bromides. The products represent useful intermediates for chemical synthesis due to the versatility of the C-B bond. Preliminary mechanistic details of the method are also disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M Logan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Stephen R Sardini
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Sean D White
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - M Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Abstract
A method for the regiodivergent arylboration of dienes is presented. These reactions allow for the formation of a diverse range of synthetically versatile products from simple precursors. Through mechanistic studies, these reactions likely operate by initial addition of a Cu-Bpin complex across the diene followed by Pd-catalyzed cross coupling with an aryl halide or pseudohalide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R. Sardini
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - M. Kevin Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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