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Gamage S, Manna S, Zajac M, Hancock S, Wang Q, Singh S, Ghafariasl M, Yao K, Tiwald TE, Park TJ, Landau DP, Wen H, Sankaranarayanan SKS, Darancet P, Ramanathan S, Abate Y. Infrared Nanoimaging of Hydrogenated Perovskite Nickelate Memristive Devices. ACS Nano 2024; 18:2105-2116. [PMID: 38198599 PMCID: PMC10811663 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state devices made from correlated oxides, such as perovskite nickelates, are promising for neuromorphic computing by mimicking biological synaptic function. However, comprehending dopant action at the nanoscale poses a formidable challenge to understanding the elementary mechanisms involved. Here, we perform operando infrared nanoimaging of hydrogen-doped correlated perovskite, neodymium nickel oxide (H-NdNiO3, H-NNO), devices and reveal how an applied field perturbs dopant distribution at the nanoscale. This perturbation leads to stripe phases of varying conductivity perpendicular to the applied field, which define the macroscale electrical characteristics of the devices. Hyperspectral nano-FTIR imaging in conjunction with density functional theory calculations unveils a real-space map of multiple vibrational states of H-NNO associated with OH stretching modes and their dependence on the dopant concentration. Moreover, the localization of excess charges induces an out-of-plane lattice expansion in NNO which was confirmed by in situ X-ray diffraction and creates a strain that acts as a barrier against further diffusion. Our results and the techniques presented here hold great potential for the rapidly growing field of memristors and neuromorphic devices wherein nanoscale ion motion is fundamentally responsible for function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Gamage
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Sukriti Manna
- Center for
Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Marc Zajac
- Advanced
Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Steven Hancock
- Center
for
Simulational Physics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Qi Wang
- School
of
Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sarabpreet Singh
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Mahdi Ghafariasl
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Kun Yao
- School
of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Tom E. Tiwald
- J.A. Woollam
Co., Inc., Lincoln, Nebraska 68508, United States
| | - Tae Joon Park
- School
of
Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - David P. Landau
- Center
for
Simulational Physics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Haidan Wen
- Advanced
Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Subramanian K.
R. S. Sankaranarayanan
- Center for
Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Pierre Darancet
- Center for
Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Northwestern
Argonne Institute of Science and Engineering, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shriram Ramanathan
- School
of
Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department
of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Yohannes Abate
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Vicente R, Neckel IT, Sankaranarayanan SKS, Solla-Gullon J, Fernández PS. Bragg Coherent Diffraction Imaging for In Situ Studies in Electrocatalysis. ACS Nano 2021; 15:6129-6146. [PMID: 33793205 PMCID: PMC8155327 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis is at the heart of a broad range of physicochemical applications that play an important role in the present and future of a sustainable economy. Among the myriad of different electrocatalysts used in this field, nanomaterials are of ubiquitous importance. An increased surface area/volume ratio compared to bulk makes nanoscale catalysts the preferred choice to perform electrocatalytic reactions. Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) was introduced in 2006 and since has been applied to obtain 3D images of crystalline nanomaterials. BCDI provides information about the displacement field, which is directly related to strain. Lattice strain in the catalysts impacts their electronic configuration and, consequently, their binding energy with reaction intermediates. Even though there have been significant improvements since its birth, the fact that the experiments can only be performed at synchrotron facilities and its relatively low resolution to date (∼10 nm spatial resolution) have prevented the popularization of this technique. Herein, we will briefly describe the fundamentals of the technique, including the electrocatalysis relevant information that we can extract from it. Subsequently, we review some of the computational experiments that complement the BCDI data for enhanced information extraction and improved understanding of the underlying nanoscale electrocatalytic processes. We next highlight success stories of BCDI applied to different electrochemical systems and in heterogeneous catalysis to show how the technique can contribute to future studies in electrocatalysis. Finally, we outline current challenges in spatiotemporal resolution limits of BCDI and provide our perspectives on recent developments in synchrotron facilities as well as the role of machine learning and artificial intelligence in addressing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael
A. Vicente
- Chemistry
Institute, State University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center
for Innovation on New Energies, University
of Campinas, 13083-841 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Itamar T. Neckel
- Brazilian
Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Subramanian K.
R. S. Sankaranarayanan
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National
Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | - José Solla-Gullon
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante, Apartado 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Pablo S. Fernández
- Chemistry
Institute, State University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center
for Innovation on New Energies, University
of Campinas, 13083-841 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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