Predictive factors for treatment response and mortality in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis.
Mycoses 2023;
66:960-968. [PMID:
37553558 DOI:
10.1111/myc.13641]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is associated with significant mortality, and suboptimal antifungal treatment response. We describe predictive factors for treatment response and survival.
METHODS
We retrospectively analysed clinical, serological and radiological parameters at baseline and following antifungal treatment in patients with CPA and correlated with clinical and radiological response and survival.
RESULTS
Fifty-nine patients were included with a mean age of 61 years. Thirty (51%) had a diagnosis of COPD. On clinical assessment at 6 months, 21 (36%) had clinically improved, 20 (34%) were clinically stable and 15 (25%) had deteriorated. Radiological improvement was observed in 30 (53%), stability in 11 (19%) and deterioration in 16 (28%). Only a lower C-reactive protein (CRP) at baseline was associated with a favourable clinical-radiological response. On univariate analysis, lower CRP, higher albumin, lower Aspergillus IgG and use of inhaled steroids were associated with lower mortality. An overall favourable response at 6 months was associated with lower mortality.
CONCLUSION
Inflammatory markers and Aspergillus IgG were predictors of mortality in CPA. This suggests that mortality in CPA is driven mainly by the chronic fungal infection itself rather than the underlying disease, therefore early optimised treatment of CPA may lead to improved outcomes.
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