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Yeetong P, Dembélé ME, Pongpanich M, Cissé L, Srichomthong C, Maiga AB, Dembélé K, Assawapitaksakul A, Bamba S, Yalcouyé A, Diarra S, Mefoung SE, Rakwongkhachon S, Traoré O, Tongkobpetch S, Fischbeck KH, Gahl WA, Guinto CO, Shotelersuk V, Landouré G. Pentanucleotide Repeat Insertions in RAI1 Cause Benign Adult Familial Myoclonic Epilepsy Type 8. Mov Disord 2024; 39:164-172. [PMID: 37994247 PMCID: PMC10872918 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy (BAFME) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by cortical tremors and seizures. Six types of BAFME, all caused by pentanucleotide repeat expansions in different genes, have been reported. However, several other BAFME cases remain with no molecular diagnosis. OBJECTIVES We aim to characterize clinical features and identify the mutation causing BAFME in a large Malian family with 10 affected members. METHODS Long-read whole genome sequencing, repeat-primed polymerase chain reaction and RNA studies were performed. RESULTS We identified TTTTA repeat expansions and TTTCA repeat insertions in intron 4 of the RAI1 gene that co-segregated with disease status in this family. TTTCA repeats were absent in 200 Malian controls. In the affected individuals, we found a read with only nine TTTCA repeat units and somatic instability. The RAI1 repeat expansions cause the only BAFME type in which the disease-causing repeats are in a gene associated with a monogenic disorder in the haploinsufficiency state (ie, Smith-Magenis syndrome [SMS]). Nevertheless, none of the Malian patients exhibited symptoms related to SMS. Moreover, leukocyte RNA levels of RAI1 in six Malian BAFME patients were no different from controls. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish a new type of BAFME, BAFME8, in an African family and suggest that haploinsufficiency is unlikely to be the main pathomechanism of BAFME. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patra Yeetong
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Monnat Pongpanich
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Lassana Cissé
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire du Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Chalurmpon Srichomthong
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | | | - Adjima Assawapitaksakul
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Salia Bamba
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Salimata Diarra
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Yale University, Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics, New Haven, CT, United States
- Neurogenetics Branch, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Supphakorn Rakwongkhachon
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Oumou Traoré
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
| | - Siraprapa Tongkobpetch
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cheick O Guinto
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire du Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Guida Landouré
- Faculté de Médecine et d’Odontostomatologie, USTTB, Bamako, Mali
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire du Point G, Bamako, Mali
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Yeetong P, Kulsirichawaroj P, Kumutpongpanich T, Srichomthong C, Od-Ek P, Rakwongkhachon S, Thamcharoenvipas T, Sanmaneechai O, Pongpanich M, Shotelersuk V. Long-read Nanopore sequencing identified D4Z4 contractions in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:551-556. [PMID: 37320968 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a genetic muscle disorder caused by abnormal expression of the DUX4 protein, commonly resulting from a contraction of D4Z4 repeat units with the presence of a polyadenylation (polyA) signal. More than 10 units of the D4Z4 repeat, with a length of 3.3 kb per unit, are typically required to silence DUX4 expression. Consequently, molecular diagnosis of FSHD is challenging. We used Oxford Nanopore technology to perform whole-genome sequencing of seven unrelated patients with FSHD, their six unaffected parents, and 10 unaffected controls. All seven patients were successfully identified to harbor one to five D4Z4 repeat units and the polyA signal, whereas none of the 16 unaffected individuals met the molecular diagnostic criteria. Our newly developed method provides a straightforward and powerful molecular diagnostic tool for FSHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patra Yeetong
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pimchanok Kulsirichawaroj
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Theerawat Kumutpongpanich
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Chalurmpon Srichomthong
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Excellence Center for Medical Genetics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Phichittra Od-Ek
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Excellence Center for Medical Genetics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supphakorn Rakwongkhachon
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Excellence Center for Medical Genetics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Titaporn Thamcharoenvipas
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Oranee Sanmaneechai
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Monnat Pongpanich
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Excellence Center for Medical Genetics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Yeetong P, Tanpowpong N, Rakwongkhachon S, Suphapeetiporn K, Shotelersuk V. Neurodevelopmental Disorder, Obesity, Pancytopenia, Diabetes Mellitus, Cirrhosis, and Renal Failure in ACBD6-Associated Syndrome: A Case Report. Neurol Genet 2022; 9:e200046. [PMID: 36457943 PMCID: PMC9709716 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a group of conditions that are clinically and etiologically heterogeneous. Biallelic variants in ACBD6 were previously reported in 7 patients with NDDs. Unfortunately, their clinical information remains very limited with descriptions of only their neurologic and craniofacial features. The purpose of this report is to expand the clinical phenotype of the ACBD6-associated NDDs. METHODS We identified 2 Thai siblings with NDDs. Clinical and radiologic features of the proband were described. The affected siblings and parents underwent whole-exome sequencing and PCR-Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Clinical manifestations that have never been previously reported include morbid obesity, pancytopenia with severe infections, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, and renal failure, leading to deaths in their early 30s. Molecular studies identified a novel homozygous 1 base-pair duplication (c.360dup; p.Leu121Thrfs*27) in the ACBD6 gene. DISCUSSION This study reported 1 novel single base-pair duplication, expanding the mutational spectrum, and described the clinical features establishing the entity of ACBD6-associated NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patra Yeetong
- Division of Human Genetics (P.Y.), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Department of Radiology (N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; Genetics Program (S.R.), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics (K.S., V.S.), Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; and Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine (K.S., V.S.), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthaporn Tanpowpong
- Division of Human Genetics (P.Y.), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Department of Radiology (N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; Genetics Program (S.R.), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics (K.S., V.S.), Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; and Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine (K.S., V.S.), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supphakorn Rakwongkhachon
- Division of Human Genetics (P.Y.), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Department of Radiology (N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; Genetics Program (S.R.), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics (K.S., V.S.), Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; and Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine (K.S., V.S.), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanya Suphapeetiporn
- Division of Human Genetics (P.Y.), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Department of Radiology (N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; Genetics Program (S.R.), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics (K.S., V.S.), Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; and Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine (K.S., V.S.), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Division of Human Genetics (P.Y.), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Department of Radiology (N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; Genetics Program (S.R.), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics (K.S., V.S.), Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University; and Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine (K.S., V.S.), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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