Classic paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria presenting with intestinal malabsorption syndrome, acute abdomen and acute kidney injury

A male patient in his 30s presented with complaints of acute abdominal pain, black stools and red-coloured urine. CT revealed thrombi in the splenic and left renal veins, leading to infarctions. An endoscopy displayed scalloping of the duodenal folds, indicative of intestinal malabsorption syndrome (IMS). Histopathological examination confirmed IMS. Due to the presence of intravascular haemolysis, haemoglobinuria and thrombotic complications, paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) was suspected and subsequently confirmed by flow cytometry. Thus, a diagnosis of classic PNH with IMS and thrombotic complications was established. This unique case highlights the coexistence of PNH and IMS, resembling the complement hyperactivation, angiopathic thrombosis and protein-losing enteropathy disease, suggesting potential shared pathophysiology.

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with adenocarcinoma and high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia of the cervix

Neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) of the cervix is a malignant tumor and is classified into low and intermediate-grade neuroendocrine tumor (NET), and high-grade small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC), and large cells neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). SCNEC of the cervix is an Infrequent tumor with an incidence of less than 1% of all gynecological malignancies. It is characterized by small to medium-sized tumor cells with scant cytoplasm and neuroendocrine differentiation. Most cases of SCNEC of the cervix manifest in pure forms, and only cases show coexisting, non-neuroendocrine component of HPV-associated adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. In this report, reviewing the literature, we present one such unique case of SCNEC of the cervix with adenocarcinoma and high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.

Effect of different LED wavelengths on growth, chlorophyll and anthocyanin content of purple-red pakchoi (Brassica rapa chineensis) in indoor vertical farming

Understanding the effects of different light wavelengths on plant growth and the accumulation of essential nutrients like antioxidants is critical for obtaining optimal light conditions for the production of high-quality vegetables in indoor vertical farming. Purplered pakchoi (Brassica rapa chineensisis) is a fast-growing brassiceous vegetable. This vegetable is known to have health-promoting properties due to anthocyanin, which is a crucial antioxidant in the diet. This crop was used to evaluate the effects of red (RL), blue (BL), and green (GL) wavelengths on plant morphology, relative chlorophyll content, and phytochemical accumulation (anthocyanin). Light treatments consisted of three different wavelength combinations: a) full spectrum, white light (WL) as a control (the proportions of RL, BL and GL wavelengths were 42%, 15% and 43%, respectively); b) combination RL81BL19 (the proportions of RL and BL wavelengths were set at 81% and 19%, respectively); and c) combination RL70BL21GL9 (the proportions of RL, BL and GL wavelengths were set at 70%, 21% and 9%, respectively). The experiment was carried out in the LED Light Research Lab (MARDI, Serdang), a walk-in chamber with a 12-hour photoperiod. The temperature, CO2, and relative humidity levels in the LED light lab were kept under control. Plant width and height were found to be most prominent in plants exposed under RL81BL19 LED light, followed by RL70BL21GL9, while plants grown under WL were relatively small. Purple-red pakchoi exposed to a combination of RL and BL, supplemented with GL light treatment, had a slightly smaller plant height and width than plants exposed to RL81BL19 light treatment. Similar results were obtained in terms of shoot fresh and dry weight, with the RL81BL19 having the highest shoot fresh and dry weight, followed by the RL70BL21GL9 and WL light exposure plants. Furthermore, when compared to other treatments, purple-red pakchoi treated with RL81BL19 light had a significantly higher content (p<0.05) of chlorophyll and anthocyanin. This finding indicated that GL light treatment has no direct effect on overall growth, chlorophyll accumulation, or anthocyanin content in purple-red pakchoi. This study found that the RL81BL19 wavelength is the best LED light treatment for purple-red pakchoi production in indoor vertical farming.