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Yadav B, Malav LC, Jangir A, Kharia SK, Singh SV, Yeasin M, Nogiya M, Meena RL, Meena RS, Tailor BL, Mina BL, Alhar MSO, Jeon BH, Cabral-Pinto MMS, Yadav KK. Application of analytical hierarchical process, multi-influencing factor, and geospatial techniques for groundwater potential zonation in a semi-arid region of western India. J Contam Hydrol 2023; 253:104122. [PMID: 36563652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.104122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater resources are alarmingly depleting due to over-exploitation and significant climate changes over time. Therefore, demarcation of groundwater potential zones is essential for addressing the needs of various industries in semi-arid area. Depleting groundwater resources, topography, aquifer features and climatic factors make it necessary to demarcate ground water potential zones in semiarid region of Rajasthan. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Multi Influence Factor (MIF) were used to determine the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the semi-arid region of Jaipur, located in western Rajasthan. In present study, ten influential factors were employed i.e., geomorphology, land use/land cover (LULC), drainage density, rainfall, topographic wetness index (TWI), soil texture, slope, roughness, topographic position index (TPI) and curvature. In AHP technique, the pairwise comparison matrix was generated, and weightages were given to each thematic layer while for MIF, a proposed score for each layer was computed from the aggregate weight of major and minor effects. The GWPZ map generated by AHP technique was categorised into three parts: high, moderate and poor potential zones, covering 13%, 50.7% and 36.3% of the district. While, the GWPZ map produced with the MIF technique was also divided into the same poor, moderate, and high categories, encompassing 35.3, 44.1, and 20.6% of the district, respectively. The results of AHP and MIF techniques were then cross-validated with well depth data obtained from CGWB report, 2019-20. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were plotted and the findings shows that the Area under the Curve (AUC) was 79% and 76% for AHP and MIF, respectively which is considered as moderate to high in predictive precision. The study would be helpful in locating drilling sites for groundwater exploration and developing sustainable groundwater and land use policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Yadav
- ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, RC, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Lal Chand Malav
- ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, RC, Udaipur 313001, India.
| | - Abhishek Jangir
- ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, RC, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Kharia
- Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan 334006, India
| | - Shruti V Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kushinagar 274406, India
| | - Md Yeasin
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Mahaveer Nogiya
- ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, RC, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Roshan Lal Meena
- ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, RC, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Ram Swaroop Meena
- ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, RC, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Bhagwati Lal Tailor
- ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, RC, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Banshi Lal Mina
- ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, RC, Udaipur 313001, India
| | | | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Marina M S Cabral-Pinto
- Geobiotec Research Centre, Department of Geoscience, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal 462044, India; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, PSU Energy Systems Research Institute, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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Kumar S, Prasad S, Shrivastava M, Bhatia A, Islam S, Yadav KK, Kharia SK, Dass A, Gupta N, Yadav S, Cabral-Pinto MMS. Appraisal of probabilistic levels of toxic metals and health risk in cultivated and marketed vegetables in urban and peri-urban areas of Delhi, India. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 92:103863. [PMID: 35421594 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A total of six vegetables (S. tuberosum, D. carota, S. lycopersicum, A. esculentus, S. oleracea and B. juncea) were analysed for five heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb) to evaluate the contamination load in vegetables collected from five cultivated and two market sites (n = 504) at Delhi, India. The irrigation water samples and soil samples (n = 180) were only collected from cultivated sites. The results showed that the concentration of heavy metals in soil and water samples were well below the permissible level except for Cd 0.001-0.013 µg g-1. Similarly, the concentration of Cd (>0.20 µg g-1) was detected higher in all investigated vegetables except for tomato. The evaluation index value was highest for spinach and lowest for tomato. The transfer factor values and metal pollution index was maximum in spinach and okra. Principal component analysis (PCA), Tukey's HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) test, and one-way and two-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) were also applied to statistically analyse the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
| | - Shiv Prasad
- Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
| | - Manoj Shrivastava
- Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Arti Bhatia
- Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Sadikul Islam
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248195, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal 462044, India
| | | | - Anchal Dass
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- Institute of Environment and Development Studies, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi 284128, India
| | - Sunita Yadav
- Division of Environment Science, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Marina M S Cabral-Pinto
- Geobiotec Research Centre, Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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