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Bana S, Kumar N, Sartaj A, Alhalmi A, Qurtam AA, Nasr FA, Al-Zharani M, Singh N, Gaur P, Mishra R, Bhardwaj S, Ali H, Goel R. Rubia cordifolia L. Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1586. [PMID: 38004451 PMCID: PMC10674165 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic neuropathy is a debilitating manifestation of long-term diabetes mellitus. The present study explored the effects of the roots of Rubia cordifolia L. (R. cordifolia L.) in the Wistar rat model for diabetic neuropathy and possible neuroprotective, antidiabetic, and analgesic mechanisms underlying this effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into five experimental groups. An amount of 0.25% carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) in saline and streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg) was given to group 1 and group 2, respectively. Group 3 was treated with STZ and glibenclamide simultaneously while groups 4 and 5 were simultaneously treated with STZ and hydroalcoholic extract of the root of R. cordifolia, respectively. Hot plate and cold allodynias were used to evaluate the pain threshold. The antioxidant effects of R. cordifolia were assessed by measuring Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). At the end of the study, sciatic nerve and brain tissues were collected for histopathological study. Bcl-2 proteins, cleaved caspase-3, and Bax were assessed through the Western blot method. RESULTS R. cordifolia significantly attenuated paw withdrawal and tail flick latency in diabetic neuropathic rats. R. cordifolia significantly (p < 0.01) improved the levels of oxidative stress. It was found to decrease blood glucose levels and to increase animal weight in R. cordifolia-treated groups. Treatment with R. cordifolia suppressed the cleaved caspase-3 and reduced the Bax:Bcl2 ratio in sciatic nerve and brain tissue compared to the diabetic group. Histopathological analysis also revealed a marked improvement in architecture and loss of axons in brain and sciatic nerve tissues at a higher dose of R. cordifolia (400 mg/kg). CONCLUSION R. cordifolia attenuated diabetic neuropathy through its antidiabetic and analgesic properties by ameliorating apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweeti Bana
- Department of Pharmacology, Lloyd School of Pharmacy, Greater Noida 201306, India;
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut 250103, India; (N.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Ali Sartaj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Lloyd School of Pharmacy, Greater Noida 201306, India;
| | - Abdulsalam Alhalmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Ashraf Ahmed Qurtam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.Q.); (F.A.N.); (M.A.-Z.)
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.Q.); (F.A.N.); (M.A.-Z.)
| | - Mohammed Al-Zharani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.Q.); (F.A.N.); (M.A.-Z.)
| | - Neelam Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, ITS College of Pharmacy, Muradnagar 201206, India;
| | - Praveen Gaur
- Department of Pharmacy, Metro College of Health Sciences and Research, Plot No.-41, Knowledge Park-III, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India; (P.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Rosaline Mishra
- Department of Pharmacy, Metro College of Health Sciences and Research, Plot No.-41, Knowledge Park-III, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India; (P.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Snigdha Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmacy, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India;
| | - Hasan Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut 250103, India; (N.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Radha Goel
- Department of Pharmacology, Lloyd Institute of Management & Technology, Plot No.-11, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida 201306, India
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Goel R, Kumar N, Kumar Saxena P, Pratap Singh A, Bana S. Pitavastatin attenuates neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve in Wistar rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:66-75. [PMID: 36383203 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pitavastatin is a competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor for lowering of cholesterol level and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of pitavastatin in neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation along with neuronal changes in Wister rats. METHODS Pitavastatin was started three days prior to the surgery and continued for 14 days The pain was determined by thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia. The biochemical changes were estimated at the end of the study. The levels of cytokines were measured using an ELISA test. Western blot analysis was used to detect levels of expression of JNK, p-JNK, ERK, p-ERK, p38MAPK, p-p38MAPK. The sciatic nerve was investigated histopathologically. KEY FINDINGS Pitavastatin significantly ameliorated nerve pain induced by PSNL and also attenuated the biochemical changes in a dose-dependent manner. The levels of inflammatory mediators were inhibited by pitavastatin. There was significant improvement in sciatic nerve fibres histology. The levels of p-38, p-ERK, and p-JNK and their associated phosphorylated proteins were reduced after treatment with pitavastatin. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that treatment with pitavastatin reversed the PSNL-induced neuropathy in Wister rats and may be an additional therapeutic strategy in the management of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Goel
- Department of Pharmacology, I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, IIMT College of Medical Science, IIMT University, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prasoon Kumar Saxena
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sweeti Bana
- Department of Pharmacology, I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Iqbal N, Sheikh MDA, Riaz SU, Irfan M, Awan S, Khan MW, Bana S, Khan JA. Differences in gender perception of smokeless tobacco. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:795-797. [PMID: 35898143 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Iqbal
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical Collage Hospital, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan, Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Aga Khan University, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M D A Sheikh
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Aga Khan University, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S U Riaz
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical Collage Hospital, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Irfan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Aga Khan University, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Awan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Aga Khan University, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M W Khan
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical Collage Hospital, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Bana
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Medical Collage Hospital, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - J A Khan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Aga Khan University, Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
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