Zaman T, Ahmed Attari MB, Ahmad A, Butt MA, Fayyaz K, Zubair SA. Comparison of Rifaximin Alone and With Quinolones in the Primary Prevention of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Patients With Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease.
Cureus 2024;
16:e55251. [PMID:
38558603 PMCID:
PMC10981471 DOI:
10.7759/cureus.55251]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In cirrhotic patients with ascites, primary prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a key strategy to lower morbidity and death. Rifaximin and fluoroquinolone used alternately as main prophylaxis are as effective as reported. This study aimed to compare the frequency of occurrence of SBP in patients with decompensated chronic liver disease treated with rifaximin alone and in combination with fluoroquinolone. Methodology A total of 76 patients with hepatitis C virus-related decompensated chronic liver disease and ascites were divided into two groups based on matching age, sex, and Child-Pugh class. Group A (38 patients) received rifaximin 1,100 mg/day in two divided doses with daily fluoroquinolone 400 mg/day, whereas group B (38 patients) received rifaximin 1,100 mg/day alone as a two dosage. The patients were monitored for up to three months. The study's endpoints were SBP, hepatocellular carcinoma, compliance failure, death, or liver transplantation. Results In this comparative study involving 76 patients, the demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed across two treatment groups: rifaximin alone (n = 38) and rifaximin with fluoroquinolone (n = 38). The combination therapy demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in SBP compared to rifaximin alone. Additionally, the overall survival rate was higher in the combination group. These findings suggest potential benefits of the combined approach in managing hepatic encephalopathy-related complications. Conclusions When compared to rifaximin alone for primary SBP prophylaxis, the combination of rifaximin with fluoroquinolone exhibited greater effectiveness with the same safety profile.
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