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Khalique MA, Andrabi SMH, Majeed KA, Yousaf MS, Ahmad N, Tahir SK, Fayyaz MH, Haider MS, Naz SS, Qureshi IZ, Sulaiman S, Zaneb H, Rehman H. Cerium oxide nanoparticles improve the post-thaw quality and in-vivo fertility of Beetal buck spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2024; 214:166-172. [PMID: 37879286 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The motility, health quality, and membrane disorders of spermatozoa are adversely affected during the process of semen cryopreservation due to the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) possess properties to scavenge ROS either by mimicking specific antioxidants or by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the effects of adding the CeO2NPs in the TRIS-citrate-yolk extender on in-vitro antioxidant enzyme activities, spermatozoa quality attributes, and in-vivo fertility of post-thaw Beetal buck spermatozoa. The CeO2NPs were prepared and characterized (UV-spectrophotometry, FTIR, and XRD). Semen samples, collected from bucks (n = 5), were distributed into five aliquots and diluted in an extender containing increasing concentrations of nanoparticles (0 μg/ml, called the control group, 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, 75 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL). At post-thaw, spermatozoa were evaluated for the above-mentioned attributes and the pregnancy rate by inseminating Beetal does (n = 252). Results demonstrated that CeO2NPs mitigated the detrimental effects of cryopreservation as ROS production and lipid peroxidation were lower (P < 0.001) in the 25, 50, and 75 μg/mL CeO2NPs-added groups compared to the control and 100 μg/ml CeO2NPs-added group. The addition of 25 μg/mL CeO2NPs improved (P < 0.001) the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase and the concentration of reduced glutathione (P < 0.001) compared to the other groups. In terms of sperm kinematics and velocity parameters, the groups added with the 25 and 50 μg/mL CeO2NPs exhibited higher total motility (P < 0.001), sperm progressive motility (P = 0.003), and rapid velocity (P < 0.001). The group added with the 50 μg/mL CeO2NPs had the highest (P = 0.04) average path velocity. The groups added with the 25 and 50 μg/mL CeO2NPs also exhibited higher plasma membrane integrity (P = 0.003), acrosomal integrity, and viability (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. The DNA integrity was also higher (P < 0.001) in all the CeO2NPs-added groups. The pregnancy rate was higher (P = 0.003) in the 25 (51.92 %) and 50 μg/mL CeO2NPs (58.33 %) groups compared to the other groups. Conclusively, our findings suggest that the inclusion of cerium oxide nanoparticles in the TRIS-citrate-yolk freezing extender can reduce the occurrence of cryopreservation-induced damages to Beetal's buck spermatozoa and ultimately enhance the pregnancy rate in does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Ali Khalique
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - Khalid Abdul Majeed
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmad
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Khan Tahir
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hammad Fayyaz
- Animal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq Haider
- Animal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Department of Nano-sciences and Technology, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Zia Qureshi
- Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sulaiman Sulaiman
- Department of Nano-sciences and Technology, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Zaneb
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Habib Rehman
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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Batool S, Zahid F, Ud-Din F, Naz SS, Dar MJ, Khan MW, Zeb A, Khan GM. Macrophage targeting with the novel carbopol-based miltefosine-loaded transfersomal gel for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: in vitro and in vivo analyses. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:440-453. [PMID: 33615936 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1890768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to develop novel carbopol-based miltefosine-loaded transfersomal gel (HePCTG) for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) via efficient targeting of leishmania infected macrophages. METHODS Miltefosine-loaded transfersomes (HePCT) were prepared by ethanol injection method followed by their incorporation into carbopol gel to form HePCTG. The prepared HePCT were assessed for physicochemical properties including mean particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, morphology, and deformability. Similarly, HePCTG was evaluated for physiochemical and rheological attributes. The in vitro release, skin permeation, skin irritation, anti-leishmanial activity, and in vivo efficacy in BALB/c mice against infected macrophages were also performed for HePCT. RESULTS The optimized HePCT displayed a particle size of 168 nm with entrapment efficiency of 92%. HePCTG showed suitable viscosity, pH, and sustained release of the incorporated drug. Furthermore, HePCT and HePCTG demonstrated higher skin permeation than drug solution. The results of macrophage uptake study indicated improved drug intake by passive diffusion. The lower half maximal inhibitory concentration value, selectivity index and higher 50% cytotoxic concentration value of HePCT compared to that of HePC solution demonstrated the improved anti-leishmanial efficacy and non-toxicity of the formulation. This was further confirmed by the notable reduction in parasite load and lesion size observed in in vivo anti-leishmanial study. CONCLUSION It can be stated that the formulated HePCTG can effectively be used for the treatment of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibgha Batool
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Zahid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar- Ud-Din
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Department of Nanosciences & Technology, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid Dar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Alam Zeb
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ur Rehman F, Mazhar K, Malik A, Naz SS, Shah KU, Khan A, Khan S, Ahmed R, Qaisar S. Surface modified multifaceted nanocarriers for oral non-conventional cancer therapy; synthesis and evaluation. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 123:111940. [PMID: 33812575 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory cells orchestrate tumor niche for the proliferating neoplastic cells, leading to neoangiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis. Emergence of severe side effects, multiple drug resistance and associated high cost has rendered conventional chemotherapy less effectual. The aim was to develop a multipurpose, less toxic, more potent and cheaper, oral non-conventional anticancer therapeutic. Cyclooxygenase associated with tumor niche inflammation and proliferative neoplastic cells were targeted synergistically, through anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects of model drug, diclofenac sodium and fluorescent silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), respectively. Drug entrapped AgNPs were surface modified with PVA (for controlling particle size, preferred cellular uptake, evading opsonization and improved dispersion). XRD, FTIR, DSC, TGA, LIBS, particle size and surface plasmon resonance analysis confirmed the efficient drug encapsulation and PVA coating with 62% loading efficiency. In-vitro, the formulation exhibited 1st order release kinetics with sustained and maximal release at slightly acidic conditions (pH 4.5) enabling the potential for passive tumor targeting. Also, nanoparticles showed efficient protein denaturation inhibition potential, hemo-compatibility (<0.8%) and potent anti-cancer activity (P < 0.05) against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). In-vivo, developed nanoparticles improved pharmacokinetics (2.8 fold increased AUC, 6.9 h t1/2, Cmax = 1.6 ± 0.03 μg/ml, Kel = 0.1) and pharmacodynamics manifested by potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic effects (P < 0.05) at 20 fold lower doses. LD50 determination revealed a wide therapeutic window. The study showed promise of synthesized nanomaterials as cheaper, less toxic, hemo-compatible, oral and more potent anti-inflammatory and non-conventional fluorescent anti-cancer agents, vanquishing tumor niche inflammation and repressing proliferation of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiza Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kehkashan Mazhar
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Annum Malik
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ahmed
- National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sara Qaisar
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Malik A, Rehman FU, Shah KU, Naz SS, Qaisar S. Hemostatic strategies for uncontrolled bleeding: A comprehensive update. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 109:1465-1477. [PMID: 33511753 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled bleeding remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the entire macrocosm. It refers to excessive loss of blood that occurs inside of body, due to unsuccessful platelet plug formation at the injury site. It is not only limited to the battlefield, but remains the second leading cause of death amongst the civilians, as a result of traumatic injury. Startlingly, there are no effective treatments currently available, to cater the issue of internal bleeding, even though early intervention is of utmost significance in minimizing the mortality rates associated with it. The fatal issue of uncontrolled bleeding is ineffectively being dealt with the use of pressure dressings, tourniquet, and surgical procedures. This is not a practical approach in combat arenas or in emergency situations, where the traumatic injury inflicted is deep inside the body, and cannot be addressed externally, by the application of topical dressings. This review focuses on the traditional hemostatic agents that are used to augment the process of hemostasis, such as mineral zeolites, chitosan based products, biologically active agents, anti-fibrinolytics, absorbable agents, and albumin and glutaraldehyde, as well as the micro- and nano-based hemostatic agents such as synthocytes, thromboerythrocytes, thrombosomes, and the synthetic platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annum Malik
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fiza Ur Rehman
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sara Qaisar
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Rabbani A, Haghniaz R, Khan T, Khan R, Khalid A, Naz SS, Ul-Islam M, Vajhadin F, Wahid F. Development of bactericidal spinel ferrite nanoparticles with effective biocompatibility for potential wound healing applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1773-1782. [PMID: 35424142 PMCID: PMC8693516 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08417d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was devised to explore the antibacterial activity and underlying mechanism of spinel ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) along with their biocompatibility and wound healing potentials. In this regard, nickel ferrite and zinc/nickel ferrite NPs were synthesized via a modified co-precipitation method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The biocompatibility of the synthesized NPs with human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and red blood cells (RBCs) was assessed. The biocompatible concentrations of the NPs were used to investigate the antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The mode of bactericidal action was also explored. In vitro scratch assay was performed to evaluate the wound healing potential of NPs. The SEM-EDX analysis showed that the average particles size of nickel ferrite and zinc/nickel ferrite were 49 and 46 nm, respectively, with appropriate elemental composition and homogenous distribution. The XRD pattern showed all the characteristic diffraction peaks of spinel ferrite NPs, which confirmed the synthesis of the pure phase cubic spinel structure. The biocompatible concentration of nickel ferrite and zinc/nickel ferrite NPs was found to be 250 and 125 μg ml-1, respectively. Both the NPs showed inhibition against all the selected strains in the concentration range of 50 to 1000 μg ml-1. Studies on the underlying antimicrobial mechanism revealed damage to the cell membrane, protein leakage, and intracellular reactive oxygen species production. The in vitro scratch assay confirmed the migration and proliferation of fibroblast with artificial wound shrinkage. This study shows that nickel ferrite and zinc/nickel ferrite NPs could be a strong candidate for antibacterial and wound healing nano-drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiya Rabbani
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Pakistan
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Khademhosseini's Laboratory, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (CMIT) California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angles Los Angles USA
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Pakistan
| | - Romana Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khalid
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Department of Nanosciences and Technology, National Centre for Physics Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Ul-Islam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University Salalah Oman
| | | | - Fazli Wahid
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Pakistan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mang, Khanpur Road Haripur Pakistan
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Zafar N, Madni A, Khalid A, Khan T, Kousar R, Naz SS, Wahid F. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications of Green Synthesized Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:5844-5865. [PMID: 33243108 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201126144805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the rapid growth in life threatening diseases such as cancer, diabetes, chronic wound and HIV/AIDS along with rise of side effects of the current treatments, world is now focusing to utilize new treatment options. Currently, the development of green nanotechnology field seems as a potential alternate for diseases diagnosis and treatment by preparation of various sizes and shapes of nanomaterials. OBJECTIVE This review is to present the explored biological sources in synthesis of nanomaterials particularly metal and metal oxides nanoparticles and critical review of the applications of biosynthesized nanoparticles in pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. METHODS In this review, the various biological sources including bacteria, fungi, algae and plants used in synthesis of nanomaterials and mechanism involved in preparation are elaborated. In addition, biosynthesized nanomaterials applied as drug delivery system for anticancer, antibiotic, antidiabetic agent and functioned as potential diagnostic, antimicrobial, anticancer and wound healing candidates are comprehensively reviewed. RESULTS The synthesized metal and metal oxides from green protocol proved to have advantages such as being biocompatible, effective and cheap. Furthermore, the green synthesized metal and metal oxide nanoparticles showed to possess prominent physical, chemical and biological properties that can be efficiently utilized for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. CONCLUSION The information gathered in this review will provide a baseline for exploring more potential usage of green synthesized metal and metal oxide nanomaterials for various other applications. However, a concrete understanding of the safety of these nanomaterials is still needed to minimize the potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Zafar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Madni
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khalid
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Rozina Kousar
- Department of Pharmacy, Women Institute of Learning, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Wahid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur, Pakistan
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Rehman FU, Al-Waeel M, Naz SS, Shah KU. Anticancer therapeutics: a brief account on wide refinements. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3599-3621. [PMID: 33294257 PMCID: PMC7716164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The flustering rise in cancer incidence along with treatment anomalies has made cancer the second leading cause of death globally. The total annual economic impact of cancer is pronounced and is increasing. Besides the lack of proper curative therapy, treatment associated adverse effects, drug resistance, and tumor relapse are the instigations behind increased morbidity and mortality. Meanwhile, the survival rate has inclined impressively. In the last few decades, cancer treatment has undergone wide refinements aiming towards cancer prevention, complete tumor regression, subsiding treatment adverse effects, improving patient's life standard and avoiding tumor relapse. Chemotherapy has been successfully extended towards natural, cheaper and bioactive anti-inflammatory agents manifesting potent anticancer activity. Antibody-based cancer therapy has become well established as a vital and effective strategy for treating hematological malignancies as well as solid tumors. Individualized immunotherapy is becoming the forefront of cancer treatment enabling personalized, precise and patient's cancer mutanome specific adjustable regimen. The emergence of anti-neoangiogenesis and cancer stem cell targeting techniques have dropped cancer recurrence significantly. Advancements in hyperthermia and photodynamic therapies along with improvements in cancer vaccination have declined death rate and amplified survival rate convincingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiza Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mansoor Al-Waeel
- CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland GalwayGalway, Ireland
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for PhysicsIslamabad, Pakistan
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Awan UA, Ali S, Rehman M, Zia N, Sohaila Naz S, Ovais M, Raza A. Stable and reproducible synthesis of gold nanorods for biomedical applications: a comprehensive study. IET Nanobiotechnol 2018; 12:182-190. [PMCID: PMC8676486 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2016.0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) are ideal choice in biomedical research due to their amenability of synthesis, tunable plasmonic properties, less toxicity and ease of detection but their diverse biological applications necessitate stable structure. Despite two decades' efforts made towards reproducible anisotropic structures synthesis, still the kinetic control during GNRs growth has not been achieved. This study is an attempt to apprehend thermodynamic and kinetic parameters for synthesising mono‐disperse, reproducible and highly stable GNRs with desired aspect ratios. Effects of various growth parameters and assay steps on the facile and reproducible synthesis of GNRs are analysed. GNRs' environmental and biological colloidal stability is studied through UV–Vis spectroscopy based particle instability parameter (PIP < 0.1). The authors hereby report GNRs with tunable longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (682–906 nm) having different aspect ratios (2.5–4.6) that are stable at 28–60°C; however, prolonged high temperature ( > 60°C) and alkaline pH can trigger colloidal instability. GNRs remain stable at higher salt concentration, physiological and slightly acidic pH. GNRs can be stored in 0.001 M cetyltrimethylammonium bromide for 3 months without compromising their stability. PEGylated GNRs are quite stable in cellular media solution (PIP < 0.1). With current optimised growth conditions, no aggregation at physiological pH and stability at high temperatures make GNRs an ideal candidate in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Azeem Awan
- Nanotheragnostic Research LabsNational Institute of Laser and OptronicsIslamabadPakistan
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Azad Jammu and Kashmir MuzaffarabadMuzaffarabadPakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Medical Toxicology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyUniversity of Azad Jammu and Kashmir MuzaffarabadMuzaffarabadPakistan
| | - Mehreen Rehman
- Nanotheragnostic Research LabsNational Institute of Laser and OptronicsIslamabadPakistan
| | - Nashmia Zia
- Nanotheragnostic Research LabsNational Institute of Laser and OptronicsIslamabadPakistan
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nanotheragnostic Research LabsNational Institute of Laser and OptronicsIslamabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Ovais
- Nanotheragnostic Research LabsNational Institute of Laser and OptronicsIslamabadPakistan
| | - Abida Raza
- Nanotheragnostic Research LabsNational Institute of Laser and OptronicsIslamabadPakistan
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Muhammad Z, Raza A, Ghafoor S, Naeem A, Naz SS, Riaz S, Ahmed W, Rana NF. PEG capped methotrexate silver nanoparticles for efficient anticancer activity and biocompatibility. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 91:251-5. [PMID: 27132812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanocarriers endow tremendous benefits to the drug delivery systems depending upon the specific properties of either component. These benefits include, increase in the drug blood retention time, reduced efflux, additional toxicity and targeted delivery. Methotrexate (MTX) is clinically used for cancer treatment. Higher dosage of MTX results in hepatic and renal toxicity. In this study methotrexate silver nanoparticles (Ag-MTX) coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) are synthesized and characterized. Their anticancer activity and biocompatibility is also evaluated. RESULTS Ag-MTX nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical reduction method. They are characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Average size of PEG coated Ag-MTX nanoparticles (PEG-Ag-MTX nanoparticles) is 12nm. These particles exhibited improved anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line. Hemolytic activity of these particles was significantly less than MTX. CONCLUSION PEG-Ag-MTX nanoparticles are potential nanocarrier of methotrexate which may offer MTX based cancer treatment with reduced side effects. In-vivo investigations should be carried out to explore them in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarmina Muhammad
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Abida Raza
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Ghafoor
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Naeem
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sundus Riaz
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Wajiha Ahmed
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nosheen Fatima Rana
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Naz SS, Shah MR, Islam NU, Khan A, Nazir S, Qaisar S, Alam SS. Synthesis and bioactivities of silver nanoparticles capped with 5-amino-β-resorcylic acid hydrochloride dihydrate. J Nanobiotechnology 2014; 12:34. [PMID: 25201390 PMCID: PMC4422292 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-014-0034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conjugated and drug loaded silver nanoparticles are getting an increased attention for various biomedical applications. Nanoconjugates showed significant enhancement in biological activity in comparison to free drug molecules. In this perspective, we report the synthesis of bioactive silver capped with 5-Amino-β-resorcylic acid hydrochloride dihydrate (AR). The in vitro antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal), enzyme inhibition (xanthine oxidase, urease, carbonic anhydrase, α-chymotrypsin, cholinesterase) and antioxidant activities of the developed nanostructures was investigated before and after conjugation to silver metal. RESULTS The conjugation of AR to silver was confirmed through FTIR, UV-vis and TEM techniques. The amount of AR conjugated with silver was characterized through UV-vis spectroscopy and found to be 9% by weight. The stability of synthesized nanoconjugates against temperature, high salt concentration and pH was found to be good. Nanoconjugates, showed significant synergic enzyme inhibition effect against xanthine and urease enzymes in comparison to standard drugs, pure ligand and silver. CONCLUSIONS Our synthesized nanoconjugate was found be to efficient selective xanthine and urease inhibitors in comparison to Ag and AR. On a per weight basis, our nanoconjugates required less amount of AR (about 11 times) for inhibition of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Division, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Nazar Ul Islam
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan. .,Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, 2500, Pakistan.
| | - Ajmal Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Samina Nazir
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Division, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Sara Qaisar
- Nanoscience and Catalysis Division, National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Sartaj Alam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
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Naz SS, Islam NU, Shah MR, Alam SS, Iqbal Z, Bertino M, Franzel L, Ahmed A. Enhanced biocidal activity of Au nanoparticles synthesized in one pot using 2, 4-dihydroxybenzene carbodithioic acid as a reducing and stabilizing agent. J Nanobiotechnology 2013; 11:13. [PMID: 23607626 PMCID: PMC3673872 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-11-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The conjugation of gold nanoparticles with biocides such as natural products, oligosaccharides, DNA, proteins has attracted great attention of scientists recently. Gold NPs covered with biologically important molecules showed significant enhancement in biological activity in comparison with the activity of the free biocides. However, these reports are not very systematic and do not allow to draw definitive conclusions. We therefore embarked in a systematic study related to the synthesis and characterization of biocidal activities of Au nanoparticles conjugated to a wide variety of synthetic and natural biomolecules. In this specific report, we investigated the activity of a synthetic biocide, 2-4, Dihydroxybenzene carbodithioic acid (DHT). Results Au nanoparticles (NP) with a mean size of about 20 nm were synthesized and functionalized in one pot with the help of biocide 2,4-Dihydroxybenzene carbodithioic acid (DHT) to reduce HAuCl4 in aqueous solution. Conjugation of DHT with gold was confirmed by FT-IR and the amount of DHT conjugated to the Au nanoparticles was found to be 7% by weight by measuring the concentration of DHT in the supernatant after centrifugation of the Au NPs. To ascertain the potential for in vivo applications, the stability of the suspensions was investigated as a function of pH, temperature and salt concentration. Antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal and cytotoxic activities of the Au-DHT conjugates were compared with those of pure DHT and of commercially available biocides. In all cases, the biocidal activity of the Au-DHT conjugates was comparable to that of commercial products and of DHT. Conclusions Since the DHT concentration in the Au-DHT conjugates was only about 7%, our results indicate that conjugation to the Au NPs boosts the biocidal activity of DHT by about 14 times. The suspensions were found to be stable for several days at temperatures of up to 100°C, salt concentrations up to 4 mol/L and a pH range of 2-13.
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Naz SS, Islam NU, Tahir MN, Shah MR. Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-5-(2-methylpropanamido)benzoate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o221. [PMID: 23424502 PMCID: PMC3569756 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813000457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C12H15NO5, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the C atoms of the terminal isopropyl group is 83.48 (16)°. Intramolecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate S(5) and S(6) rings, respectively. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating C(7) chains propagating in [001]. Weak aromatic π–π stacking [centroid–centroid separation = 3.604 (3) Å] is also observed.
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Naz SS, Islam NU, Tahir MN, Shah MR. Methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-5-(4-nitrobenzamido)benzoate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o207. [PMID: 23424490 PMCID: PMC3569267 DOI: 10.1107/s160053681300024x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C15H12N2O7, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 4.58 (13)° and the nitro group is rotated from its attached ring by 18.07 (17)°. Intramolecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate S(5) and S(6) rings, respectively. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating [001] C(7) chains. The chains are linked by C—H⋯O interactions, forming a three-dimensional network, which incorporates R22(7) and R22(10) loops.
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Naz SS, Islam NU, Tahir MN. 5-Carb-oxy-2,4-dihy-droxy-anilinium chloride dihydrate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o299. [PMID: 21522989 PMCID: PMC3051567 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811000559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the title compound, C(7)H(8)NO(4) (+)·Cl(-)·2H(2)O, the organic mol-ecule is almost planar with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0164 Å for all non-H atoms. An S(6) ring motif is formed due to an intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by N-H⋯Cl, N-H⋯O, O-H⋯Cl and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Nazar Ul Islam
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M. Nawaz Tahir
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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Naz SS, Islam NU, Tahir MN. 5-Carboxy-2,4-dihydroxyanilinium chloride. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o2372. [PMID: 21588711 PMCID: PMC3007849 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810033337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the title salt, C7H8NO4+·Cl−, the organic group is planar with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0265 Å. An S(6) ring motif is formed due to an intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond. The compound consists of dimers due to intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds with an R22(8) ring motif. The dimers are interlinked through strong N—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, resulting in a three-dimensional polymeric network.
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