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Hakkenbrak NAG, Bakkum ER, Zuidema WP, Halm JA, Dorn T, Reijnders UJL, Giannakopoulos GF. Characteristics of fatal penetrating injury; data from a retrospective cohort study in three urban regions in the Netherlands. Injury 2023; 54:256-260. [PMID: 36068101 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Penetrating injury (PI) is a relatively rare mechanism of trauma in the Netherlands. Nevertheless, injuries can be severe with high morbidity and mortality rates. The aim of this study is to assess fatalities due to PI and evaluate the demographic parameters, mechanism of injury and the resulting injury patterns of this group of patients in three Dutch regions. METHODS Patients suffering fatal PI (stab- and gunshot injuries), in the period between July 1st 2013 and July 1st 2019, in the region of Amsterdam, Utrecht and The Hague were included. Data were collected from the electronic registration system (Formatus) of the regional departments of Forensic Medicine. RESULTS During the study period 283 patients died as the result of PI. The mean age was 44 years (SD 16.9), 83% was male and psychiatric history was reported in 22%. Over 60% of the injuries were due to assault and 35% was self-inflicted. Almost half of the incidents took place at home (47%). Injuries were most frequently to the head (24%) and chest (16%). Mortality was due to exsanguination (chest 27%, multiple body region's 17%, neck 9% and extremities 8%) and traumatic brain injury (21%). Up to 40% of the patients received medical treatment, surgical intervention was performed in 25%. The injuries to the extremities suggest a (potentially) preventable death rate of over 8%. Over 70% of the total population died at the scene. CONCLUSION Fatal PI most often involves the relatively young, male, and psychiatric patient. Self-inflicted fatal PI accounted for 35%, addressing the importance of suicide prevention programs. Identification of preventable deaths needs more awareness to reduce the number of fatal PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A G Hakkenbrak
- Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands.
| | - E R Bakkum
- Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - W P Zuidema
- Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - J A Halm
- Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - T Dorn
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - U J L Reijnders
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G F Giannakopoulos
- Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
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Reijnders UJL, Bakker K, Schuitmaker IJS, Dorn T. Does peer consultation between forensic physicians reduce inter-doctor variation when issuing medical death certifications? J Forensic Leg Med 2021; 81:102187. [PMID: 34214896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Because earlier research showed that inaccuracies were observed in the interpretation and handling of deaths by forensic physicians, peer consultation among forensic physicians was introduced before advice was given to treating physicians calling for advice. In addition, peer consultation was introduced as a means to improve the correctness of conclusions concerning the manner of death when performing external post-mortem examinations. METHOD In the period of November 2017 until April 2018 all reports of external postmortem examinations (n = 498) and all telephonic consultations between treating physicians with forensic physicians, concerning postmortem examinations (n = 167), were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Peer consultation among forensic physicians took place in 70% of the 167 telephonic consultations initiated by treating physicians. In 92% of all cases of telephonic consultation, the accurateness of advice to treating physicians was deemed accurate. In 67% (n = 498) of all external postmortem examinations in the study period, peer consultation between forensic physicians took place. The conclusion regarding the manner of death after external postmortem examination was accurate in 99% of all cases (n = 491 out of 498). CONCLUSION The advices given by forensic physicians to treating physicians have improved after the introduction of peer consultation among forensic physicians. Peer consultation therefore should be recommended as a means for quality assurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- U J L Reijnders
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Service, the Netherlands
| | - K Bakker
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Service, the Netherlands
| | - I J S Schuitmaker
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Service, the Netherlands
| | - T Dorn
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Service, the Netherlands.
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van Grasstek L, Dorn T, Lauriks S, Kikkert M, van Eck R, Kooij M, van Dam A. [Exchange of information between psychiatrist and pharmacist concerning uncollected medication]. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2021; 63:32-38. [PMID: 33537972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Non- compliance with drug regimens has a negative effect on symptomatology and is the largest predictor of relapse in people with Severe Psychiatric Disorder (EPA). When care providers are informed in good time that medication has not been collected and can act on it, compliance can be increased. Aim Assessment of usefulness and feasibility of a system for the Signaling and Reporting by Pharmacists of Uncollected Medication for people with an EPA (Dutch: 'SMANOM-EPA') within the current legal context. Method The package of requirements was drawn up on the basis of questionnaires and telephone interviews with psychiatrists and pharmacists and focus group meetings with patients and significant others. Lawyers and ICT professionals were consulted to formulate the legal and technical preconditions. Results All parties involved considered SMANOM-EPA to be useful. The administrative burden was a determining factor for the feasibility and transparency was an important precondition. The exchange of information could take place securely with existing technology, despite the variation in prescribing and issuing systems. However, opinions were divided as to whether informing and documenting is sufficient or whether consent is necessary. Conclusion The GDPR and the WBGO safeguard patients' rights regarding the use of personal data. Uncertainty about the legal framework and technological possibilities add to the complexity of innovations to promote the exchange of information between practitioners, while the added value is seen by those involved and in comparable innovations. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie 63(2021)1, 32-38.
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Hakkenbrak N, Zuidema W, Rikken Q, Halm J, Dorn T, Reijnders U, Giannakopoulos G. Mortality after falls in Amsterdam; Data from a retrospective cross sectional study. Forensic Science International: Reports 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2020.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Moretti A, Fonteyne L, Giesert F, Hoppmann P, Meier AB, Bozoglu T, Baehr A, Schneider CM, Sinnecker D, Klett K, Fröhlich T, Rahman FA, Haufe T, Sun S, Jurisch V, Kessler B, Hinkel R, Dirschinger R, Martens E, Jilek C, Graf A, Krebs S, Santamaria G, Kurome M, Zakhartchenko V, Campbell B, Voelse K, Wolf A, Ziegler T, Reichert S, Lee S, Flenkenthaler F, Dorn T, Jeremias I, Blum H, Dendorfer A, Schnieke A, Krause S, Walter MC, Klymiuk N, Laugwitz KL, Wolf E, Wurst W, Kupatt C. Somatic gene editing ameliorates skeletal and cardiac muscle failure in pig and human models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nat Med 2020; 26:207-214. [PMID: 31988462 PMCID: PMC7212064 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0738-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Frameshift mutations in the DMD gene, encoding dystrophin, cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), leading to terminal muscle and heart failure in patients. Somatic gene editing by sequence-specific nucleases offers new options for restoring the DMD reading frame, resulting in expression of a shortened but largely functional dystrophin protein. Here, we validated this approach in a pig model of DMD lacking exon 52 of DMD (DMDΔ52), as well as in a corresponding patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell model. In DMDΔ52 pigs1, intramuscular injection of adeno-associated viral vectors of serotype 9 carrying an intein-split Cas9 (ref. 2) and a pair of guide RNAs targeting sequences flanking exon 51 (AAV9-Cas9-gE51) induced expression of a shortened dystrophin (DMDΔ51-52) and improved skeletal muscle function. Moreover, systemic application of AAV9-Cas9-gE51 led to widespread dystrophin expression in muscle, including diaphragm and heart, prolonging survival and reducing arrhythmogenic vulnerability. Similarly, in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived myoblasts and cardiomyocytes of a patient lacking DMDΔ52, AAV6-Cas9-g51-mediated excision of exon 51 restored dystrophin expression and amelioreate skeletal myotube formation as well as abnormal cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling and arrhythmogenic susceptibility. The ability of Cas9-mediated exon excision to improve DMD pathology in these translational models paves the way for new treatment approaches in patients with this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moretti
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| | - L Fonteyne
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Giesert
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Centre and Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - P Hoppmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - A B Meier
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - T Bozoglu
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - A Baehr
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - C M Schneider
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - D Sinnecker
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - K Klett
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - T Fröhlich
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Abdel Rahman
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - T Haufe
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - S Sun
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - V Jurisch
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - B Kessler
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - R Hinkel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - R Dirschinger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - E Martens
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - C Jilek
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - A Graf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Krebs
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - G Santamaria
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - M Kurome
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - V Zakhartchenko
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - B Campbell
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - K Voelse
- Reseach Unit Apoptosis in Hemopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich, Germany
| | - A Wolf
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - T Ziegler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - S Reichert
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Lee
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - F Flenkenthaler
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Dorn
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - I Jeremias
- Reseach Unit Apoptosis in Hemopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Munich, Germany
| | - H Blum
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Dendorfer
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Schnieke
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Krause
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M C Walter
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - N Klymiuk
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - K L Laugwitz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - E Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - W Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Centre and Munich School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - C Kupatt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
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My I, Laue S, Dressen M, Schmidt F, Brade T, Dorn T, Goedel A, Lahm H, Lickert H, Krane M, Moretti A, Laugwitz KL. P1848Primary cilium-autophagy-cell cycle axis defects impair cardiac progenitor specification in hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I My
- Hospital Rechts der Isar, Molecular Cardiology, first department of medicine, TU, Munich, Germany
| | - S Laue
- Hospital Rechts der Isar, Molecular Cardiology, first department of medicine, TU, Munich, Germany
| | - M Dressen
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Technische Universitat, Department of cardiovascular surgery, division of experimental surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - F Schmidt
- Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of diabetes and regeneration research, Munich, Germany
| | - T Brade
- Hospital Rechts der Isar, Molecular Cardiology, first department of medicine, TU, Munich, Germany
| | - T Dorn
- Hospital Rechts der Isar, Molecular Cardiology, first department of medicine, TU, Munich, Germany
| | - A Goedel
- Hospital Rechts der Isar, Molecular Cardiology, first department of medicine, TU, Munich, Germany
| | - H Lahm
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Technische Universitat, Department of cardiovascular surgery, division of experimental surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - H Lickert
- Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of diabetes and regeneration research, Munich, Germany
| | - M Krane
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Technische Universitat, Department of cardiovascular surgery, division of experimental surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - A Moretti
- Hospital Rechts der Isar, Molecular Cardiology, first department of medicine, TU, Munich, Germany
| | - K.-L Laugwitz
- Hospital Rechts der Isar, Molecular Cardiology, first department of medicine, TU, Munich, Germany
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Dorn T, Janssen A, de Keijzer JC, van Rijk-Zwikker GL, Reijnders UJL, Luitse JSK, Vandewalle E, Gorzeman MP, van Nieuwenhuizen RC, Ceelen M, Das C. Hospital referral of detainees during police custody in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. J Forensic Leg Med 2018; 57:82-85. [PMID: 29801958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2016.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study describes how many detainees have been referred to emergency departments for further evaluation or emergency care while in police custody in Amsterdam (years 2012/2013). It provides insights into the diagnoses assigned by forensic doctors and hospital specialists and the appropriateness of the referrals. We made use of the electronic registration system of the Forensic Medicine Department of the Public Health Service Amsterdam. This department is in charge of the medical care for detainees in the Amsterdam region. Hospital diagnoses were obtained through collaboration with several Amsterdam-based hospitals. According to our results, in 1.5% of all consultations performed, the detainee was referred to hospital. The most frequent reasons for referral were injuries (66%), intoxication/withdrawal (11%) and cardiac problems (7%). In 18% of all referrals, hospital admission (defined as at least one night in the hospital) was the consequence. After review of hospital files, the indication for referral as stated by the forensic physician was confirmed in 77% of all cases. A minority of referrals was considered unnecessary (7%). The identified cases allow for a discussion of cases of over-referral. Future research should focus on the problem of under-referral and associated health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorn
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, Public Health Service Amsterdam, P.O. Box 2200, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - A Janssen
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, Public Health Service Amsterdam, P.O. Box 2200, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J C de Keijzer
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Public Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G L van Rijk-Zwikker
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Public Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - U J L Reijnders
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Public Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J S K Luitse
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Vandewalle
- Department of Emergency Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M P Gorzeman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, OLVG Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - M Ceelen
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, Public Health Service Amsterdam, P.O. Box 2200, 1000 CE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Das
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Public Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Bjelogrlic-Laakso N, Aaltonen S, Dorn T, Arvio M. Need for special units for the management of neuropsychiatric disorders in people with intellectual disabilities. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2014; 130:77-9. [PMID: 24832926 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Schweizer R, Blumenstock G, Mangelsdorf K, Ehehalt S, Rössner L, Dorn T, Binder G, Ranke MB. Prevalence and incidence of endocrine disorders in children: results of a survey in Baden-Wuerttemberg and Bavaria (EndoPrIn BB) 2000-2001. Klin Padiatr 2010; 222:67-72. [PMID: 20148377 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sparse data is available on the incidence of endocrine disorders among children in Germany. AIM A pioneer study was established to analyse, in the German states of Baden-Wuerttemberg (BW) and Bavaria (BY), the incidence and prevalence of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (AGS; CAH), precocious puberty (PP), primary congenital hypothyreosis (PCH), Graves disease (MB), and growth disorders related to the Ullrich-Turner syndrome (UTS) and growth hormone deficiency (GHD). METHODS Participation in the study involved each paediatric hospital in BW and BY (n = 63),and all regional paediatricians belonging to the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (SHI) practising in these states (n = 1 443). Data collection was done from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2001, and included all patients in the 0- < 18 age range. RESULTS Completeness of data was 81 % for CAH and 55 % for UTS (capture-mark-recapture method).The incidence rate (IR, per 100 000 / year)versus prevalence rate (per 100 000 at the time point December 31, 2001) was: CAH 0.64 vs.9.60; PP 2.42 vs. 10,85; PCH 1.88 vs. 14.97; MB 0.89 vs. 3.25; UTS 2.15 vs. 29.07; and GHD 3.47(IR). Among neonates, the incidence of CAH was 1 / 7 794; PCH 1 / 2 629 and UTS 1 / 2 300. CONCLUSIONS A pioneer study has been established in Germany for investigating the frequency of AGS (CAH), PP, PCH, MB, UTS, and GHD among children and adolescents. Our data shows that these disorders occur in approx. 2,700 children per year in total Germany, and about 12 000 of these children need to be treated in specialized paediatric endocrinological centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schweizer
- University Children's Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 1, Tübingen, Germany.
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Dorn T, Yzermans C, van der Zee J. Erratum for “Prospective cohort study into post-disaster benzodiazepine use demonstrated only short-term increase” [J Clin Epidemiol 60 (2007) 795–802]. J Clin Epidemiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dorn T, Yzermans CJ, van der Zee J. Prospective cohort study into post-disaster benzodiazepine use demonstrated only short-term increase. J Clin Epidemiol 2007; 60:795-802. [PMID: 17606175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Revised: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Benzodiazepines are typically prescribed for anxiety and insomnia, two complaints often reported after disasters. Benzodiazepines can cause mental or physical dependence, especially when taken for a long time. This study aims at evaluating benzodiazepine use in a disaster-stricken community with the help of computer-based records. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This prospective cohort study covers a period of 4 years. For every patient, predisaster baseline data are available. Multilevel regression is applied to study differences in benzodiazepine use in 496 patients whose children were involved in the Volendam café fire on January 1, 2001 compared with 1,709 community controls, and 4,530 patients from an unaffected cohort. RESULTS In community controls and patients from the unaffected cohort, benzodiazepine use remained stable in the course of the years. In the first year postfire, parents of disaster victims were 1.58 times more likely to use benzodiazepines than community controls (95% confidence interval 1.13-2.23). With regard to long-term use, differences between community controls and parents were statistically nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS In the studied community, benzodiazepines were predominantly prescribed as a short-term intervention. Clinical guidelines that advocate a conservative prescription policy were well adhered to.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorn
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Otterstraat 118-124, P.O. Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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12
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Guerrini R, Mei D, Sisodiya S, Sicca F, Harding B, Takahashi Y, Dorn T, Yoshida A, Campistol J, Krämer G, Moro F, Dobyns WB, Parrini E. Germline and mosaic mutations of FLN1 in men with periventricular heterotopia. Neurology 2004; 63:51-6. [PMID: 15249610 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000132818.84827.4d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the phenotypic spectrum and genetics of periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) caused by FLN1 mutations in four men. BACKGROUND X-linked PNH caused by FLN1 mutations (MIM #300049) implies prenatal or early postnatal lethality in boys and 50% recurrence risk in daughters of affected women. METHODS Clinical examination, cognitive testing, MRI, and mutation analysis (denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and direct sequencing) on blood lymphocytes and single hair roots were performed for nine affected individuals, including three men. Neuropathologic study of the brain was performed for an affected boy. RESULTS In two families, missense mutations were transmitted from mother to son (Met102Val) and from father to daughter (Ser149Phe), causing mild phenotypes in both genders, including unilateral PNH. In a third family, a man was mosaic for an A>G substitution (intron 11 acceptor splice site) on leukocyte DNA and hair roots (mutant = 42% and 69%). Single hair root analysis confirmed that the mutation was not present in all ectodermal derivative cells. A healthy daughter had inherited the X chromosome from her father's wild-type germinal cell population. In the fourth family, an eight-base deletion (AGGAGGTG, intron 25 donor splice site) led to early deaths of boys. Postmortem study in a newborn boy revealed PNH and cardiovascular, genitourinary, and gut malformations. CONCLUSIONS Periventricular nodular heterotopia caused by FLN1 mutations in men has a wide clinical spectrum and is caused by different genetic mechanisms, including somatic mosaicism. Mutation analysis of FLN1 should support genetic counseling in men with periventricular nodular heterotopia.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Brain Diseases/genetics
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Cerebral Ventricles/abnormalities
- Child, Preschool
- Choristoma/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics
- Cisterna Magna/abnormalities
- Contractile Proteins/deficiency
- Contractile Proteins/genetics
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Dosage Compensation, Genetic
- Female
- Filamins
- Genes, Lethal
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/diagnosis
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics
- Germ-Line Mutation
- Hair Follicle/chemistry
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Introns/genetics
- Male
- Microfilament Proteins/deficiency
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Mosaicism
- Mutation, Missense
- Neurons/pathology
- Pedigree
- Phenotype
- Point Mutation
- RNA Splice Sites/genetics
- Sequence Deletion
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Affiliation(s)
- R Guerrini
- Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pisa and IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, via dei Giacinti 2, 56018 Calambrone Pisa, Italy.
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13
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Dorn T. Workshop 16: EUPHA workshop on the public health impact of man-made disasters: research methods and tools. Eur J Public Health 2003. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/13.suppl_2.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
In symptomatic epilepsies due to chromosomal aberrations, epileptogenesis may be either the direct consequence of deletion or duplication of a gene causing seizures or may have a more complex etiology caused by the disturbance of the interaction of several genes and environmental factors. We report on a brother and a sister with trisomy 19q13.3-->qter who present different epileptologic features and discuss epileptogenesis in this syndrome with respect to genes known to be located on the distal part of chromosome 19q. Both patients share mental retardation and several dysmorphic features. The boy was hypoxic at birth and showed an extremely delayed psychomotor development. The girl, however, had no significant neonatal problems, and her psychomotor development was better. Although the male had an abnormal EEG in childhood, his first partial seizures occurred only as late as at age 31 years. He subsequently became seizure-free with carbamazepine (CBZ). In contrast, the girl already suffered from absence-like seizures during childhood and became seizure-free under ethosuccimide (ESM). A photoparoxysmal response, however, is still visible in her EEG. The difference between the epileptologic features in these siblings points to epileptogenic mechanisms placed far downstream on the way from genotype to phenotype. The photoparoxysmal response--otherwise a facultative finding in genetically determined epilepsies--in the EEG of the sister, however, points to a closer relationship between the duplicated genes and epileptogenesis. The fact that genes encoding potassium channels are located on 19q13.3-q13.4 may also support the latter assumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorn
- Schweizerische Epilepsieklinik Zürich, Bleulerstrasse 60, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Abstract
A common symptom of epilepsies are recurrent unprovoked epileptic seizures. These can be classified as focal or generalised. Thus, we can speak of focal or generalised epilepsies. Considering the rest of the medical history and the results of EEG and brain imaging the terms idiopathic, symptomatic and cryptogenic (i.e. probably symptomatic) are used to further characterise an epilepsy in a single patient. These classification scheme which is used since the end of the eighties allows decision making in therapy and an estimation of prognosis. Due to progress in epileptology during the last decade a more sophisticated approach is required. Thus, semiology of the single seizure becomes more important. The evolution of signs and symptoms during a seizure tells us something about the seizure onset zone and the mode of seizure propagation. The knowledge of them is a prerequisite for surgical treatment. Furthermore, semiology of seizures should determine social implications of epilepsy by far more than the fact that they are epileptic. Beside seizure semiology we have to consider the underlying neuropathological condition since it determines treatment and prognosis. Epilepsy is a consequence of acquired or genetic brain diseases. In case of the latter it becomes more and more possible to characterise and diagnose the genetic syndromes and to understand their pathophysiology. In epileptology the exact knowledge of an underlying genetic disease is not only of scientific interest. Beside being a condition sine qua non for adequate genetic counselling it influences the choice of anti-epileptic drugs and determines whether surgical treatment is indicated. Thus genetics are an important part of comprehensive care in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorn
- Schweizerische Epilepsieklinik Zürich
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16
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Abstract
Fyodor Mihailovich Dostoievsky is considered one of the most important Russian authors of the nineteenth century. He suffered from epilepsy since childhood, which disease often was a theme in his novels. This paper describes Dostoievsky's life and examines the various epileptic protagonists appearing in his works. Finally, the author's own epilepsy and particularly its etiology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Siegel
- Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Zürich.
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17
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Dorn T, Krämer G. Genetik der Epilepsien. Akt Neurol 1998. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1017684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Focal epileptic activity can be expected to influence distant brain areas via far reaching connections. To investigate such interactions the effects of focal epileptic activity on the metabolism of the brain were investigated in the rat cortex. Focal epileptic activity was induced by the application of penicillin onto the motor cortex. The focus, and to a lesser extent homotopic contralateral brain areas, showed an increase in the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRGlc) as measured by [14C]deoxyglucose autoradiography. This focal hypermetabolism was accompanied by widespread hypometabolism lateral to the focus. The decrease of rCMRGlc occurred in somatosensory cortical areas but not in the motor cortex behind or in front of the focus, the perirhinal cortex or the occipital cortex. It was associated with an increase in metabolic rate in the ventrolateral, ventroposteromedial, ventroposterolateral and, in particular, posterior nuclei of the thalamus. It is hypothesized that the widespread reduction of rCMRGlc in the somatosensory cortical areas is due to inhibition via thalamic nuclei caused by activity in the motor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bruehl
- Neurologische Klinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
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19
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Abstract
Under epileptic conditions, interictal epileptic events are followed by large inhibitions which prevent the transition to ictal discharges. In the present experiments the refractory period following interictal epileptic spikes was investigated in animal experiments. Interictal epileptic activity was elicited by application of penicillin onto the motor cortex of anesthetized rats. Interictal epileptic discharges were followed by an absolute refractory phase lasting 200-300 msec, in which no epileptic event could be elicited by epicortical stimulation. This was followed by a relative refractory period up to 900 msec after onset of the conditioning spike; spikes elicited with intervals between 300 and 900 msec were smaller than those with greater intervals and required higher stimulation intensities. This period ends by a sharp drop of threshold. In two-thirds of the experiments, spikes were favoured in intervals of 300-500 msec due to a sag of the threshold, which possibly indicates recurrent neuronal excitations. Stimulations with frequencies of about 1/sec favoured a transition from a pattern with spikes appearing in an irregular sequence every 2-3 sec, to a discharge pattern with spikes appearing with regular intervals of about 1 sec. This change of firing pattern was associated with a drop of the spike threshold. It is concluded that interictal epileptic events are followed by a refractory period comprising different components. Alterations of the neuronal inhibitions responsible for these refractory phases may be critical for the activity of the focus and may determine the transition from interictal to ictal discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorn
- Neurologische Klinik, Heinrich Heine Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Müllges W, Dorn T, Paulus W, Seibel P, Reichmann H. A case of myoclonus epilepsy and lactic acidosis: difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of terminal mitochondrial cytopathy. Intensive Care Med 1994; 20:613-4. [PMID: 7706581 DOI: 10.1007/bf01705736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Abstract
Epileptic discharge patterns in an acute experimental model of epilepsy were analyzed. Epileptic foci were induced by epicortical application of penicillin on the rat motor cortex in vivo. Patterns with regular 1/s discharges, patterns with irregular discharges of about 0.5/s as well as compound patterns comprising discharges with intervals of about 300 ms could be differentiated by means of interval histograms and autocorrelation functions. These patterns occurred in an ordered sequence indicating that the different rhythms are activated by a progressive enlargement of the focus and duration of focal activity. The experiments suggest that different interictal discharge patterns can occur within the same brain regions and are not specific for a certain etiology; instead they seem to represent 'resonance' frequencies characteristic for the brain tissue which are disclosed under pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorn
- Neurologische Klinik, Heinrich Heine Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
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22
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Abstract
Interneurons of rat motor cortex in vivo and of rat hippocampal slices were studied during penicillin-induced epileptic discharges. Synchronous with pyramidal cells, they showed transient depolarizations similar to paroxysmal depolarization shifts in pyramidal cells. The transient depolarizations were followed by hyperpolarizing or depolarizing afterpotentials lasting 600 to 1200 ms. During the transient depolarizations and the afterdepolarizations the interneurons discharged with increased frequency. This may contribute to the enlarged and prolonged synaptic inhibitions following interictal discharges in pyramidal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Domann
- Neurologische Klinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Federal Republic Germany
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Domann R, Dorn T, Witte OW. Afterpotentials following penicillin-induced paroxysmal depolarizations in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in vitro. Pflugers Arch 1991; 417:469-78. [PMID: 1849250 DOI: 10.1007/bf00370941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epileptic discharges were induced by superfusion of rat hippocampal slices with penicillin. Under these conditions the neurons generated paroxysmal depolarization shifts (PDS) after electrical stimulation of Schaffer collaterals. The PDS were followed by large afterhyperpolarizations lasting about 2 s. The mechanisms causing these afterhyperpolarizations were studied in CA1 pyramidal cells. A late component of the afterhyperpolarizations, which determined their overall duration, was blocked by intracellular application of EGTA and reduced by superfusion with 8-Br-cAMP. In the same neurons these drugs had a comparable effect on afterhyperpolarizations following depolarizing current injections; it was therefore concluded that the late component of the PDS afterhyperpolarizations was caused by a slow Ca2(+)-activated K+ current. An initial fast component of PDS afterhyperpolarizations, which peaked about 60 ms after PDS onset, was reduced by EGTA but not affected by 8-Br-cAMP suggesting that the fast Ca2(+)-activated K+ current also contributed to the PDS afterhyperpolarizations. Superfusion of the slice with the gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABAB) antagonists phaclofen or 5-aminovalerate reduced the amplitude of the afterhyperpolarizations during the first 1000 ms but did not affect the late Ca2(+)-dependent component, indicating that a GABAB-mediated K+ inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) contributed to the PDS afterhyperpolarization. Intracellular injection of Cl- revealed that an early part of the afterhyperpolarizations lasting about 500 ms was Cl(-)-dependent. This component was blocked by superfusion of the slices with bicuculline, suggesting that a GABAA-mediated Cl- IPSP contributed to the PDS afterhyperpolarization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- R Domann
- Neurologische Klinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Federal Republic of Germany
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Dorn T, Schaible HG, Schmidt RF. Response properties of thick myelinated group II afferents in the medial articular nerve of normal and inflamed knee joints of the cat. Somatosens Mot Res 1991; 8:127-36. [PMID: 1653511 DOI: 10.3109/08990229109144737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the responses to innocuous and noxious mechanical stimuli of joint mechanoreceptors with thick myelinated articular afferents (conduction velocities 21-65 m/sec) in the medial articular nerve of the cat's knee. In nine experiments, we examined whether acute arthritis would modify the discharge properties. The vast majority of the group II afferents were excited by gentle local stimuli and by movements in the working range of the knee. Although they encoded pressure and particular movement stimuli up to the noxious range, their responses were more closely related to the particular type of stimulus (e.g., a movement in a specific direction) than to its intensity (innocuous vs. noxious). In inflamed joints, the response patterns of group II units were similar with regard to local mechanical thresholds, thresholds for passive movements, and patterns of responses to passive movements. In both situations, most units had no resting activity. These results suggest that articular group II afferents do not play a significant role in nociception. Rather, they subserve proprioceptive functions such as deep pressure sensation and kinesthesia in normal as well as inflamed joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorn
- Physiologisches Institut Universität Würzburg, Germany
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Domann R, Dorn T, Witte OW. Calcium-dependent potassium current following penicillin-induced epileptiform discharges in the hippocampal slice. Exp Brain Res 1989; 78:646-8. [PMID: 2612607 DOI: 10.1007/bf00230253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Penicillin-induced paroxysmal depolarization shifts (PDS) are followed by prolonged afterhyperpolarizations of about 2 seconds duration. Intracellular injection of EGTA blocked a late component of the afterhyperpolarizations; an early one lasting up to one second was only slightly reduced by EGTA. It is concluded that afterhyperpolarizations following penicillin-induced PDS comprise different components: an initial one lasting up to one second which is not Ca2+-dependent and a slow one lasting up to two seconds which is caused by a Ca2+-dependent K+ current.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Domann
- Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Düsseldorf, Federal Republic of Germany
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