Morphological signs of myopathy in pork that show no drastic decrease in pH after slaughter

High pH value 45 minutes after slaughter (рН45) has so far been the most frequently used indicator to select pig carcasses with normal course of autolysis. However, in practice, this does not provide meat quality homogeneity. Therefore, carcasses with рН45 > 6.0 were examined for signs of myopathy, which are characteristic for PSE meat, using the histological method. To perform the study, we randomly selected 320 individuals for slaughter out of 1,059 individuals of mixed swine grown in the same conditions. After slaughter, we selected 18 fresh carcasses that demonstrated low рН45. The results of the examination of the muscular tissue (L. dorsi) samples revealed that pork varied in microstructural characteristics. Only 44% of the samples had no signs of myopathy: no contracture nodes and destructive changes in the muscle fibers were present. A total of 39% of the samples were identified to the muscular tissue with mildly expressed myopathy, 17% of the samples – to the muscular tissue with acute myopathy. Thus, among the carcasses with рН45 > 6.0, 56% of the carcasses had signs of mild and acute myopathy, which explains quality homogeneity of meat selected using this criterion. Statistical analysis of the results suggested that the increase in the diameter of the muscle fibers of glycolytic type was related to appearance of signs of mild and acute myopathy – “giant fibers”. Increase in the weight of animals is not a risk factor. The obtained results allowed us to conclude the necessity of developing new approaches to assessing meat quality immediately after the slaughter with the purpose of increasing efficiency in predicting technological properties of meat. Promising directions of developing quick methods in histology allow us to hope that such approaches may be based on the data on microstructure of fresh muscular tissue.

[Features of dermatological pathology on the background of HIV-infection]

Over the past decade, there has been an increasing number of patients infected with HIV. The disease gradually leads to a pronounced immunodeficiency and death. In the vast majority of patients, polymorbidity phenomena are noted, which leads to the need for a differentiated interdisciplinary approach to their management. The knowledge of dermatologists of other dermatological aspects of HIV-infection by dermatologists and doctors will allow timely early detection of HIV-infected patients and avoid diagnostic errors. A clinical follow - up was carried out which showed issues of diagnostics while examining patients with HIV infection in outpatient practice.

Relapsing polychondritis in medical practice of dermatovenerologist

Recurrentpolyhedritis is a rare rheumatic disorder with a wave-like course, presumably ofautoimmune nature,characterizedbya widespread inflammatorylesion of the cartilaginous structures and other connective tissue of the ears, joints, nose, larynx, trachea, eyes, valvular heart, kidneys and blood vessels.The description of the own observation of recurrent polychondritis.

Microbial eczema: possibilities of correction at the present stage

Microbial eczema is a chronic recurrent dermatosis characterized by evolutionary polymorphism of the elements of the rash, sputum, itching, allergic reaction of the sensitized skin to the products of the decay of microorganisms and their toxins, developing against the background of a long-existing pyogenic focus in violation of the most important regulatory systems of the body.Purpose: to study the biocenosis of the skin in patients with microbial eczema and to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the cream “Tetraderm” in such patients.Materials and methods. Patients with microbial eczema were observed, randomly selected into two groups. All patients studied biocenosis of the skin before and after treatment. Patients of the study group received topical therapy with the cream “Tetraderm”. External therapy for patients of the comparison group was carried out with cream of mometasone furoate in combination with erythromycin and clotrimazole ointments. The effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated taking into account the clinical dynamics of the skin process, bacteriological data on the content of pustules and detachable erosion, calculation of the EASI and DIJ indices.Results. A comparative analysis of the biocenosis of microbial eczema foci in patients of both groups at the end of therapy showed a higher severity of disbiotic changes in the comparison group. As a result of our study found that patients who used the cream “Tetraderm”, there was a more rapid regression of dermatosis, almost complete suppression of pathogenic bacterial flora, a significant improvement in the quality of life.Conclusion. The biocenosis of the skin of patients with microbial eczema was characterized by a high degree of contamination of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, against the background of the average verification of Streptococcus spp., Candida spp. The combination of pronounced anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimicotic and regenerating effects of the cream “Tetraderm” causes its high efficiency and prospects of use as a drug of choice of topical monotherapy of microbial eczema.

Etiological features of onychomycosis in the Krasnodar territory. Choice of method systemic therapy

Successful treatment of onychomycosis associated with the necessity of microbiological research aimed at the selection of culture with proven etiological significance. Features of morphological and functional characteristics of the nail, poly etiology of onychomycosis, the availability of labor input in the use of topical antifungal drugs and irrational approaches to the treatment of various forms of the disease, as well as the duration and high cost of treatment create difficulties in the treatment of this contingent of patients . Goal. To study the etiology of onychomycosis in the Krasnodar region, and a comparative analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of antifungal drug regimens "Irunine". Materials and methods. A total of 64 patients (39 men and 25 women) with complaints about the change of nail plates in the hands and feet. The diagnosis of onychomycosis was established for 46 (71.88%) patients, of which 2 patients in the study group were not included. The rest were randomly selected and divided into 2 equivalent groups of 22 patients. Patients of the 1st group received "Irunine" by the method of pulse - therapy, and the patients in group 2 on continuous therapy scheme. Results. In the study of the samples from the nail plates, the major causative agent of onychomycosis was T. rubrum - 61,37%. Candida spp. was diagnosed in 11%. Equally often - at 9.09%, were the growth of T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale and T. tonsurans. Furthermore, associations have been identified T. rubrum and Candida albicans - 6,82%, T. rubrum and Aspergillus versicolor - 2,27%. The result of our study showed a high clinical and mycological efficacy of the drug "Irunine" in the treatment of onychomycosis. Comparative analysis of this drug therapy results showed that the method of pulse therapy, compared with continuous therapy scheme is more efficient and economically advantageous, since it allows to reduce the amount of drugs, and therefore significantly reduce the risk of adverse reactions and improve its tolerability. Conclusion. The findings suggest that the leading position in patients with onychomycosis mycobiota hold dermatomitsetami genus Trichophyton. Pulse therapy with "Irunine" is a priority and can be recommended for use as a systemic drug for the treatment of onychomycosis, as a highly effective and safe drug.

Russian and Chinese consumers' acceptability of boar meat patties depending on their sensitivity to androstenone and skatole

The aim of this work was to study the sensitivity of Chinese and Russian female consumers to androstenone and skatole and to identify their preference for pork patties from entire male pigs compared with those from castrated pigs. One-hundred-twenty women in each country were enrolled. The sensitivity of the consumers to both compounds was tested using smell strips and triangular tests. Pairwise tests were performed comparing patties from castrated male pigs with patties from boars with different levels of androstenone and skatole. Approximately 70% of the Russian and 60% of the Chinese consumers were sensitive to skatole and 37% and 32% were sensitive to androstenone, respectively. Nevertheless, a higher percentage of sensitive Russian consumers compared to Chinese consumers disliked the smell of both compounds. In Russia, the consumers' preferences were higher for patties with low levels of both compounds, while no differences were found in China. In both countries, consumers who were sensitive to skatole also preferred patties with low levels of both compounds. Thus, the levels of androstenone and skatole affect boar patty preferences.

Innovations in the external therapy of acne

Goal. To assess the clinical efficacy of a monotherapy with the use of products belonging to the Hyseac line for the treatment of light acne. Materials and methods. The study involved 28 patients with light acne, who were administered products belonging to the Hyseac line as a monotherapy. The dynamics of the skin processes was assessed visually (S. Liden’s acne general severity scale) and with the use of instrumental methods — sebometry (Callegari SOFT 5.5). Results. High efficacy of the administered therapy was registered in 39% of the subjects, substantial improvement was recorded in 53% of the subjects, improvement — in 8% of the subjects while no effect was registered in 0% of the subjects. Conclusion. The drug demonstrated high clinical efficacy, good tolerance and absence of any adverse effects, which makes it possible to recommend products belonging to the Hyseac line as a monotherapy and concomitant treatment of light acne.

[Diagnostics of the psychophysiological status in pre-school children with different level of anxiety on basis of the heart rhythm analysis]

The exertion of mechanisms of cardiac rhythm control in the child is determined by the degree of his commitment, the level of claims and anxieties. Unmet needs, reducing the functional state, activate the system of negative emotions that leads to a decrease in motivation in the subject. However, the inclusion of the system of overcoming, i.e. will, can contribute to the successful achievement of the goal.

Necrolytic erythema: oddities

Powered by monitoring a patient with clinical manifestations of erythema associated with nekroliticheskoyglyukagonomoy. The attention to the diagnostic criteria of the disease. Formation of cutaneous syndrome glyukagonomelets talk about its nosological specificity.

[Compensatory and adaptive responses of the myocardium to incorporated radionuclides and hypokinesia]

This investigation was aimed at the morpho-functional evaluation of rat myocardium after isolated or combined effect of hypokinesia and 137Cs incorporation. Histological, morphometric, cytophotometric, radiometric and statistical methods were used. The histological characteristics of rat myocardium after exposure to both factors are presented, and the differences in the mechanisms of the compensatory response are shown. The incorporated radionuclides were found to cause early cellular death, which became attenuated with the extension of exposure period. The remaining cardiomyocytes underwent structural changes and hypertrophy, while the total heart mass remained unchanged. The combined action of radionuclides and hypokinesia resulted in the aggravation of the negative effects of both factors causing more profound destructive changes in the myocardium.

[Attention parameters in visual search tasks in various human age groups]

The visual search performance was investigated in two children (5 and 7-years-old) and three adult groups (15, 20--and 35 and up to 60-years-old). The results of adults were similar among themselves and therefore were taken as a control set for children group results. We used 5 sorts of visual tasks, one difficult task and four easy tasks for adults with a target differing from counter-irritation. Children's results were worse than adults' those: the search time was longer and children made plenty of errors (false alarms end misses of targets). We suggest that children's attention system was less effective than adults' one in result of frontal, parietal and temporal cortical structure activation deficit. It follows that attention system is completely developed by 15 years of age in humans.

[New methods of medicine phonophoresis in therapy of osteoarthritis patients exposed to physical overload at work]

The authors studied efficiency of chondroxide and phinalgel phonophoresis in osteoarthritis patients with roentgenologic stages I and II, aged 40 to 66. Recommendations are to use these treatment modalities in accordance with severity of joints inflammation.

[Construction in chimpanzees]

Chimpanzees with the help of reconstruction and the "step-by-step" analysis of a figure--sample can plan a circuit of actions, forming an image of an end result. Ability to such actions proves at them an opportunity of cogitative operations, allowing to collect multielement figures on a sample. Generalization of concrete operations with concrete elements creates the precondition for the generalized understanding of a principle of actions--knowledge--in general to collect separate elements in complex designs. In it the powerful conceptual potential chimpanzees is covered. It allows to use chimpanzees as model preverbal a level of thinking.

[Behavioral instrumental reactions and the frequency of cardiac contractions in chimpanzees with different rates of approaching a goal and a shortened time of its exposure]

Reaching the goals moving with different speed (from 1 to 400 mm/sec), the chimpanzee revealed respective behavioural, emotional, instrumental, and cardiovascular responses. When obscuring the goal for a certain time, the chimpanzee nevertheless managed to reach it, the relations between the speed of approaching goal and behavioural or instrumental responses being preserved. Thereupon, the chimpanzee are able to reach the goal provided the latter's trace exceeds 5-10-fold the time of really acting stimulus.

[Begging and sharing in a group of adolescent chimpanzees]

80 15-min tests using toys were carried out with 4 juvenile chimpanzees who, to obtain the toys, used 4 strategies: (1) taking by force, (2) snatching and fleeing, (3) begging, (4) hysterics. Sharing toys was a normal strategy of high-ranking animals. Begging and hysterics were mainly used in contacts with the latters. A strong negative correlation was found between hysterics and friendly behaviour.

[Dynamics of heart rhythm in chimpanzees during the perception of the emotionally colored human voice]

The performed study allowed to observe in two chimpanzees both common and individual changes of the heart rate under the action of human voice with emotionally positive or negative intonation, as well as under the action of preferred (sweet) or rejected (quinine solution) natural stimulus. The common property consists in a significant slowing down of the heart rate in response to negative vocal signal and rejected natural stimulus and in only slight change of the heart rate in response to positive signals. Individual properties comprise differences in reactions of the cardiovascular system of both animals to negative action: a greater efficiency of the vocal signal for one chimpanzee and of the direct (natural) stimulus for the second one.