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Kurotaki T, Tomonari Y, Kanno T, Wako Y, Tsuchitani M. Malignant amelanotic melanoma behind the left eye in a female Crj:CD(SD)IGS rat: a case report. Vet Pathol 2008; 45:681-4. [PMID: 18725473 DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-5-681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A tumor behind the left eye in a female Crj:CD(SD)IGS rat was investigated histopathologically, immunohistopathologically, and electron microscopically. The tumor invaded and destroyed orbital tissues and bones. It consisted of various tumor cells; namely, spindle-shaped, epithelioid, anaplastic melanoma cells, and had prominent eosinophilic cytoplasm and nuclei with a greater variation in size. Immunohistochemically, almost all of the tumor cells were positive for antimelanoma, PNL2 antibody. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells were rich in small vesicles containing fine granules and filamentous structures. This is the first report describing an amelanotic melanoma in the head of an albino rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kurotaki
- Pathology Division, Kashima Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd., 14 Sunayama, Kamisu-shi, Ibaraki 314-0255 (Japan).
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Kurotaki T, Tomonari Y, Kanno T, Wako Y, Tsuchitani M. A Novel Immunohistochemical Marker of Normal and Neoplastic Melanocytes in Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Tissues of Albino Rats. Vet Pathol 2008; 45:383-7. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-3-383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In albino rats, spontaneous occurrence of melanocytic tumors is rare, with diagnosis difficult. This study evaluated immunoreactivity for PNL2 in normal and neoplastic melanocytes in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues of albino rats. The samples consisted of 11 (1.57%) amelanotic melanomas in 700 rats (2 studies), 23 non-melanocytic tumors, and a wide variety of normal tissues. In normal albino rats, PNL2 stained the melanocytes in the iris and choroid of the eyeball and the hair bulb and basal cell layers of the epidermis of the whole body. In amelanotic melanoma, the tumor cells consisted of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm without melanin granules. PNL2 consistently stained cytoplasm in all amelanotic melanoma cells. In contrast, the nonmelanocytic tumor cells were not labeled. Electron microscopically, neoplastic, and normal melanocytes showed numerous cytoplasmic premelanosomes (stage II melanosome). In conclusion, PNL2 is direct against a fixative-and decalcific-resistant melanocyte-associated antigen, and has high specificity against normal and neoplastic melanocytes of albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Kurotaki
- Pathology Division, Kashima Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd., Kamisu-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 314–0255, Japan
| | - Y. Tomonari
- Pathology Division, Kashima Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd., Kamisu-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 314–0255, Japan
| | - T. Kanno
- Pathology Division, Kashima Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd., Kamisu-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 314–0255, Japan
| | - Y. Wako
- Pathology Division, Kashima Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd., Kamisu-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 314–0255, Japan
| | - M. Tsuchitani
- Pathology Division, Kashima Laboratory, Mitsubishi Chemical Safety Institute Ltd., Kamisu-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 314–0255, Japan
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Yoshikawa H, Wang S, Seo H, Kurotaki T, Ueki H, Yoshikawa T. Ultrastructure of aortic elastic fibers in copper-deficient Sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck). J Vet Med Sci 2001; 63:163-5. [PMID: 11258452 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.63.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Light microscopic and transmission and scanning electron microscopic observations were performed on the aortas of two 4- and 6-year-old deer affected with cervine ataxia and two 6-month- and 4-year-old healthy deer. Examination of the aortas from affected deer by transmission electron microscopy revealed the absence of distinct elastic laminae in the internal elastic lamina and tunica media, but discontinuous and irregular clumps of elastin were present. Scanning electron microscopy disclosed immature architecture of elastic fibers in the aortas from the copper-deficient deer, and the architecture was similar to that of a 6-month-old healthy deer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aorta, Abdominal/ultrastructure
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/ultrastructure
- Ataxia/pathology
- Ataxia/veterinary
- Copper/deficiency
- Deer/anatomy & histology
- Elastic Tissue/pathology
- Elastic Tissue/ultrastructure
- Microscopy, Electron/veterinary
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning/veterinary
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshikawa
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Towada City, Aomori, Japan
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Abstract
Atrophy of seminiferous tubules and interstitial fibrosis are frequently observed in aged horses. Samples from 8 male Thoroughbreds, age 4-24 years, were subjected to histological, electron microscopical and immunohistochemical examination and statistical analysis. There were statistically significant increases in collagen fibres in the lamina propria of seminiferous tubules and testicular interstitium in 3 horses age 23 and 24 years compared with 5 horses age 4-20 years (P<0.001). Lamina propria surrounding atrophic tubules was thickened by an increase in collagen type IV and elastic fibres and by proliferation of bizarre myoid cells. Basal lamina was also thickened but had decreased reactivity for collagen type IV. Some myoid cells changed morphologically to a swollen and irregular shape and contained abundant cytoplasmic organelles. Laser scanning microscopy revealed that cytoplasmic actin filaments were decreased; the remaining filaments were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin and vimentin, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 was secreted. These myoid cells transformed into myofibroblasts. The changes are interpreted as evidence of injured structure and function of the lamina propria and basal lamina and may explain the functional decline of the blood-testis barrier. Myoid cells may play an important role in the progression of testicular fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fukuda
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan
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Kurotaki T, Narayama K, Oyamada T, Yoshikawa H, Yoshikawa T. Ultrastructural study of Langerhans cells in equine insect hypersensitivity "Kasen". J Vet Med Sci 2000; 62:1021-3. [PMID: 11039603 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.62.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrastructural features of Langerhans cells (LCs) of equine "Kasen" were studied. Electron microscopic observation revealed that LCs were dendritic and had irregular nuclear membranes. A number of Birbeck granules (Bgs) of various types were observed in the cytoplasm of LCs. In LCs in the upper stratum spinous, many Bgs were observed (Type 2 LC). LCs in the epidermo-dermal junction (EDJ) had a few Bgs, vesicles (multivesicular bodies) and highly electron-dense granular endosomes in the cytoplasm (Type 3 LC). Inactive LCs were also observed between the keratinocytes (Type 1 LC). Various types of LCs observed in the skin lesions of equine "Kasen" were interpreted as representing those that recognize, intake and process antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kurotaki
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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Abstract
An immunohistochemical study was carried out on the kinetics of Langerhans cells (LCs) at various pathological stages of "Kasen". Skin lesions of "Kasen" that were collected by biopsy from May to October were classified histopathologically into three stages: initial (Group I, 31 cases), developing (Group II, 50 cases) and regressing (Group III, 13 cases). LCs showed a positive reaction with anti-equine thymocytes (EqT6) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) and anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II MoAb by immunohistochemical staining. The anti-EqT6 MoAb was intensely positive along the cytoplasmic process. The number of LCs per unit area increased markedly with the passage of time from the initial to the developing stage of the disease, particularly in the epidermo-dermal junction (EDJ). However, the number of LCs tended to decrease in the epidermal layer. In conclusion, the LCs moving into the epidermal layer moved into the EDJ and dermis during the time course of lesion development, and the changes occurring in LCs possibly influenced the progression of the skin lesions of "Kasen".
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kurotaki
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan
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Abstract
Equine "kasen" is a chronic dermatitis that occurs especially during the summer months. In the present study, skin lesions of kasen that were collected by biopsy from May to October were classified histopathologically into three stages: initial (Group I, 30 cases), developing (Group II, 48 cases) and regressing (Group III, 13 cases). The characteristic lesions were hyperkeratosis, an increase in the number of T-lymphocytes and Langerhans cells (positive for class II MHC) at the epidermo-dermal junction, oedema of the dermis and perivascular infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells. Ultrastructurally, numerous Birbeck granules were observed in the cytoplasm of Langerhans cells. These lesions were striking in Group II and less so in Group III. Kasen is therefore considered to be similar to Queensland itch and sweet itch as described in Australia and Britain, respectively. The histological features were characteristic of a type I and type IV allergic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kurotaki
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
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